CN115817818A - Air conditioning system capable of being independently adjusted by multiple cabins and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The patent of the present invention belongs to the helicopter environmental control system, and specifically proposes an air-conditioning system and its control method that can be independently adjusted by multiple cabins. The same air-conditioning module is configured for each cabin, and the high-temperature bleed air from the engine and the refrigeration unit are used. The low-temperature refrigerant and fresh air from outside the machine are uniformly distributed as input, so that each cabin has independent air conditioning and filtering capabilities. Moreover, the system has good scalability, the overall structure is simple, and the components are concentrated, which can greatly save the space on the machine and reduce the weight requirement.

Description

An air-conditioning system that can be independently adjusted by multiple cabins and its control method

technical field

The patent of the present invention belongs to the helicopter environmental control system, and specifically relates to the design of the helicopter air-conditioning system.

Background technique

The invention relates to the architecture design of the helicopter air-conditioning system, which meets the independent heating, cooling and ventilation requirements of multiple cabins. Armed helicopters mainly adopt a tandem double-cabin design, such as Z10, Apache, etc. Various transport helicopters will also separate the cockpit from the cockpit. Different cabins have different heat loads, and everyone has different evaluations of the comfort of the environment. In order to achieve independent control of multiple cabins, domestic and foreign helicopter air-conditioning systems often design the heating, ventilation, and cooling systems of each cabin independently. It causes problems such as complex system, large space occupation on the machine, and high weight cost, and insufficient consideration is given to the requirements for dust and anti-virus.

In the prior art, patent CN201910981724.1 discloses a helicopter multi-cabin dual-system environmental control system; in addition, patent CN201910981721.8 discloses a helicopter multi-cabin dual-system air-conditioning system based on compressor intermediate air supply technology. This patent is On the basis of a multi-chamber dual-mode environmental control system for helicopters, the heating efficiency is improved through the air supply technology in the middle of the compressor; these two patents both use the heat pump/refrigeration dual-system principle of the evaporative cycle system, and need to use lubricating oil as a heat source. The lubricating oil heats up slowly, and it takes a long time to warm up; especially for low temperature environments, when the temperature of the lubricating oil itself is low, it is difficult to obtain heat; the design of the circulation pipeline has high requirements for sealing. Once a leak occurs, the high-pressure refrigerant will The risk of entering the oil system, thereby affecting flight safety. During the operation of the control system proposed in this patent, the refrigeration cycle and the lubricating oil cycle are coupled to each other, and the fluid temperature and pressure in the two cycles affect each other, so the control method is relatively complicated.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned systems, the present invention proposes an air-conditioning system that can be independently adjusted by multiple cabins and its control method. The same air-conditioning module is configured for each cabin, and the high-temperature bleed air from the engine and the low-temperature air from the refrigeration unit are combined. Refrigerant and fresh air from outside the unit are uniformly distributed as input, allowing each cabin to have independent air conditioning and filtration capabilities. Moreover, the system has good scalability, the overall structure is simple, and the components are concentrated, which can greatly save the space on the machine and reduce the weight requirement.

Technical solution: On the one hand, the present invention proposes an air-conditioning system that can be independently adjusted by multiple cabins. The controller and air distribution mechanism; the controller independently controls the corresponding working mode of each cabin according to the needs of each cabin; any cabin shares the same engine bleed air source, evaporative cycle refrigeration device and ambient air when working. source; the working mode corresponding to any cabin section includes at least three working modes of ventilation, heating, and cooling; in the ventilation mode, the fan sucks the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin into the system. The mixing ratio is adjusted by the air source switching component, and the adjusted gas is distributed to the cabin by the air distribution mechanism; the heating mode is based on the ventilation mode, and the engine bleed air is adjusted by judging the temperature of the air supply entering the air distribution mechanism Adjust the assembly, introduce a certain amount of high-temperature bleed air from the engine, mix it with the air inhaled by the fan, increase the temperature of the air supply and distribute it to the cabin; the cooling mode is based on the ventilation mode, by judging the supply air entering the air distribution mechanism Air temperature, adjust the evaporative cycle refrigeration device, cool the air sucked by the fan, reduce the temperature of the air supply and distribute it to the cabin.

Further, the engine bleed air adjustment assembly includes an electric valve and an injection nozzle; when working, it uniformly distributes the high-temperature and high-pressure bleed air from the engine bleed air pipeline, and by adjusting the opening of the electric valve, the air sucked by the fan and the high-temperature bleed air are combined. Air is mixed to meet the heating requirements of each cabin.

Further, the air conditioning system also includes a sound-absorbing mixing assembly, which is arranged at the engine bleed air nozzle; used to reduce noise during the engine bleed air process.

Further, the air source switching component can adopt an air source switching valve, which can not only adjust the mixing ratio of the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin, but also directly close one of the air sources.

Further, the evaporative cycle refrigeration device includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator.

Further, the air distribution mechanism includes a quick-release air filter structure, which can be loaded with different types of filter elements as required to achieve dust-proof and anti-virus filtration.

Further, the controller includes a temperature setting knob and a cooling switch. When the cooling switch is turned off, the temperature setting knob is used to divide the ventilation and heating working modes, and set the target temperature of the air supply to the cabin in association; when the cooling When the switch is turned on, the temperature setting knob is used to set the cabin temperature.

Another aspect of the present invention also proposes a control method for an air-conditioning system that can be independently adjusted by multiple cabins, and the control method includes the following steps:

Check the status of the temperature setting knob and the cooling switch; when the cooling switch is turned off, the temperature setting knob is used to divide the ventilation and heating working modes, and set the target temperature of the air supply to the cabin in association; when the cooling switch is turned on, all The above temperature setting knob is used to set the cabin temperature;

When the controller determines that it is in the ventilation mode, the engine bleed air adjustment component and the evaporative cycle refrigeration device are turned off, and only the fan works, and the fan sucks the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin into the system. The source switching component is adjusted, and the adjusted gas is distributed to the cabin by the air distribution mechanism;

When the controller determines that it is in the heating mode, the target temperature of the air supply is calculated and determined according to the linear mapping relationship; by adjusting the opening of the electric valve, the temperature collected by the air supply temperature sensor is close to the target temperature of the air supply, and the heating in the cabin is realized. temperature;

When the controller determines that it is in the cooling mode, first cut off the ambient air source through the air source switching valve, adjust the opening of the electronic expansion valve in the evaporative cycle refrigeration device, and compare the temperature at the outlet of the air source switching valve with the temperature set by the temperature setting knob in real time , adjust the power of the evaporative cycle refrigeration device and the air volume of the fan until the two temperature values are close.

Furthermore, a temperature relay is arranged at the inlet of the air distribution mechanism. When the air supply temperature relay detects that the air supply temperature exceeds the set threshold, the electric valve is quickly closed to prevent high-temperature gas from entering the cabin.

Furthermore, the temperature sensor installed at the outlet of the air source switching valve can also collect the temperature of the air outside the cabin in real time, and the recorded data can be used for analysis and troubleshooting after a failure occurs.

Beneficial technical effects: In the configuration of the helicopter environmental control system, the evaporative cycle refrigeration system and the engine bleed air heating system are organically combined, and the components in the two independent systems are shared; such as fans, air source switching valves, sensors, and air distribution components , filters, etc., greatly reducing the system cost and weight cost; at the same time, the air conditioning system can be expanded into multiple air conditioning modules according to the helicopter configuration, realizing independent adjustment of temperature control in multiple compartments; Share the same engine bleed air source, evaporative cycle refrigeration device and ambient air source; compared with the configuration of traditional ventilation, heating and refrigeration systems designed independently, the modular design of the temperature adjustment in a single cabin section of the present invention has a higher degree of integration High, greatly reducing the installation space and equipment cost of the system. The configuration of the environmental control system proposed by the invention can support the individual requirements of multi-chamber environment regulation, for example, the cooling of one cabin and the heating of the other cabin can also be met without adding additional costs. Compared with the existing helicopter multi-chamber environment control system, the present invention introduces fresh air in the environment, uses the engine bleed air to adjust the temperature, adopts the temperature control system designed by the air circuit, has high control linearity, and does not have the risk of control divergence .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the frame diagram of the temperature control system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an air distribution mechanism;

Among them, 1. Air distribution component 2. Air supply temperature sensor 3. Air supply temperature relay 4. Ejection nozzle 5. Electric valve 6. Fan 7. Evaporator 8. Air intake temperature sensor 9. Air source switching valve 10. Electronics Expansion valve 11. Refrigerant pipeline 12. Engine bleed air pipeline 13. Refrigeration component 14. Fresh air pipeline 15. Return air pipeline 16. Air supply filter 17. Temperature setting knob 18. Refrigeration switch.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

An air conditioning system that can be adjusted independently by multiple cabins (as shown in Figure 1), consisting of an air distribution unit 1, an air supply temperature sensor 2, an air supply temperature relay 3, an injection nozzle 4, an electric valve 5, a fan 6, an evaporation 7, intake air temperature sensor 8, air source switching valve 9, electronic expansion valve 10, refrigerant pipeline 11, engine bleed air pipeline 12, refrigeration assembly 13, fresh air pipeline 14, return air pipeline 15, air supply Filter screen 16 forms. The logic of air conditioning in each cabin is the same, and only one of the cabins is used for illustration: the fan 6 is always working as the power source for air circulation, and the air source switching valve 9 can select the source of air entering the cabin through the valve position, which can be selected from The air in the cabin return air pipeline 15 or the fresh air pipeline 14 from outside the cabin realizes the functions of "inner ventilation" and "outer ventilation"; the air distribution assembly 1 delivers the adjusted air supply to the cabin through the distribution pipeline Among them, the air supply filter 16 can be inserted, and the ordinary impurity filter is inserted during normal use, and the anti-virus filter element is inserted in advance during combat, and the air distribution assembly 1 and the air supply filter 16 jointly realize the filtering and distribution function of the air supply; the air conditioning mainly Including three modes of heating, cooling and ventilation: in the heating mode, by adjusting the opening of the electric valve 5, the injection nozzle 4 will immediately eject the high-temperature bleed air from the engine bleed air pipeline 12 and the air supplied by the fan 6 Mixing realizes heating; in the cooling mode, by adjusting the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 10, the low-temperature refrigerant from the cooling assembly 13 exchanges heat with the air supplied by the fan 6 in the evaporator 7 to realize the cooling function; when the electric valve 5 and After the electronic expansion valves 10 are all closed, the system operates in the ventilation mode. Each cabin section can choose the air conditioning mode according to the demand, without affecting each other.

In one of the practicable cases, the engine bleed air adjustment assembly can include ejection nozzle 4 and electric valve 5; when working, the high-temperature and high-pressure bleed air from the engine bleed air pipeline is uniformly distributed, and by adjusting the opening of the electric valve 5, The air inhaled by the fan 6 is mixed with the high-temperature bleed air to realize the heating requirement of each compartment. A sound-absorbing mixing assembly is designed at the injection nozzle 4 of the engine bleed air to reduce the noise during the engine bleed air process.

In addition, the air source switching component can use an air source switching valve 9, which can not only adjust the mixing ratio of the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin, but also directly close one of the air sources.

When adjusting, the controller includes a temperature setting knob and a cooling switch. When the cooling switch is turned off, the temperature setting knob is used to divide the ventilation and heating working modes, and set the target temperature of the air supply to the cabin in association; when the cooling switch is turned on , the temperature setting knob is used to set the cabin temperature.

Referring to accompanying drawing 2, increase air supply filter screen 16 in the air distribution assembly 1, this filter screen comprises the air filter core structure that can be unloaded quickly, can load into different types of filter cores as required, and realizes dust-proof, anti-virus filtering. Especially for some special application scenarios, it is of great significance.

The main innovative design points of the temperature regulation system and method proposed by the present invention are embodied in the following aspects:

1. Uniformly distribute the high-temperature and high-pressure bleed air from the engine bleed air pipeline 12, and mix the air inhaled by the fan 6 with the high-temperature bleed air by adjusting the opening of the electric valve 5, so as to realize the heating demand of each cabin;

2. Uniformly distribute the low-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant from the refrigeration assembly 13. By adjusting the opening of the electronic expansion valve 10, the refrigerant flow rate entering the evaporator 7 is controlled, and the temperature of the air sucked by the fan 6 is reduced after exchanging heat with the evaporator 7, which can Realize the cooling demand of each compartment;

3. The fan 6 works in heating, cooling and ventilation modes. By setting the gear of the fan 6, the air volume adjustment requirements of each cabin can be realized;

4. The air source switching valve 9 can switch the air source under the heating, cooling and ventilation modes. It can choose the cabin air from the return air pipeline 15 or the fresh air from the fresh air pipeline 14. Each The compartment can be adjusted independently according to the demand;

5. The air distribution unit 1 can control the direction of the air outlet, including the upper air outlet, the lower air outlet or the defogging port. The air distribution unit can be inserted with a filter element. It can be inserted into a dust-proof filter element during normal use, and can be inserted into an anti-virus filter element in a combat environment. ;

6. The air conditioning modes of each cabin are independent of each other. When the refrigeration switch 18 is in the off state, the electronic expansion valve 10 is closed, and the air conditioning in the corresponding cabin is in the ventilation or heating mode. When the refrigeration switch 18 is in the open state, The electric valve 5 is closed, and the air conditioning in the corresponding cabin is in ventilation or cooling mode;

7. The ejection nozzle 4 has an ejection function. During the normal heating process, if the fan 6 fails, part of the air will also be ejected to mix, so as to prevent high-temperature gas from directly entering the air distribution assembly 1;

8. The refrigeration unit 13 includes a compressor and a condenser, which are integrated and designed together to realize modular replacement. When different compartments need to be refrigerated, they are connected to refrigerant pipelines;

9. The evaporator 7 is designed to be detachable. After the evaporator 7, electronic expansion valve 10, refrigerant pipeline 11, and refrigeration assembly 13 are disassembled, the ventilation and heating modes will not be affected;

10. The temperature range set by the temperature setting knob 17 is 16-32°C. When the set temperature is 16-20°C, the electric valve 5 is closed, and the air conditioning in the corresponding cabin is in the ventilation mode; when the set temperature is 20-32 ℃, according to 4 times the set temperature value minus 60 ℃, as the air supply target temperature; by adjusting the opening of the electric valve 5, the temperature collected by the air supply temperature sensor 2 is close to the air supply target temperature, so as to realize the air supply target temperature in the cabin. Heating; the higher the set temperature value is, the higher the supply air temperature is, and the lower the set temperature value is, the closer the supply air temperature is to the set temperature, which satisfies the heating demand and effectively saves the bleed air from the engine bleed air pipeline 12;

11. When the air supply temperature relay 3 detects that the air supply temperature exceeds 93°C, the electric valve 5 is quickly closed to prevent high temperature gas from entering the cabin;

12. The intake air temperature sensor 8 can collect the cabin air temperature from the return air pipeline 15, or the fresh air temperature from the fresh air pipeline 14, and the recorded data can be used for analysis and troubleshooting after a failure occurs.

The air-conditioning system and its control method that can be independently adjusted by multiple cabins proposed by the present invention configure the same air-conditioning module for each cabin, and use the high-temperature bleed air from the engine, the low-temperature refrigerant from the refrigeration unit and the air from outside the machine. Fresh air is uniformly distributed as input, allowing each cabin to have its own air conditioning and filtration capabilities. Moreover, the system has good scalability, the overall structure is simple, and the components are concentrated, which can greatly save the space on the machine and reduce the weight requirement. Compared with the existing helicopter multi-chamber environment control system, the present invention introduces fresh air in the environment, uses the engine bleed air to adjust the temperature, adopts the temperature control system designed by the air circuit, has high control linearity, and does not have the risk of control divergence .

The above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is described in detail, and the unspecified parts are conventional techniques. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. An air conditioning system for independent regulation of a plurality of compartments, said air conditioning system comprising: the system comprises an engine bleed air adjusting assembly, an evaporation cycle refrigerating device, an air source switching assembly, a fan, a plurality of sensors, a controller and an air distribution mechanism; the controller independently controls the working mode corresponding to each cabin section according to the requirement of each cabin section; when any cabin section works, the same engine air-entraining source, the evaporation cycle refrigerating device and the ambient air source are shared; the working modes corresponding to any cabin section at least comprise three working modes of ventilation, heating and refrigeration; in the ventilation mode, the fan sucks the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin into the system, the mixing proportion of the air and the air is regulated by the air source switching assembly in the process of sucking the air into the system, and the regulated air is distributed to the cabin by the air distribution mechanism; the heating mode is based on the ventilation mode, adjusts the bleed air adjusting component of the engine by judging the air supply temperature entering the air distribution mechanism, introduces a certain amount of high-temperature bleed air of the engine, and raises the air supply temperature and distributes the air supply temperature to the cabin after mixing with the air sucked by the fan; the refrigeration mode is based on the ventilation mode, the evaporation circulation refrigeration device is adjusted by judging the air supply temperature entering the air distribution mechanism, the air sucked by the fan is cooled, the air supply temperature is reduced, and the air supply temperature is distributed to the cabin.

2. The air conditioning system for independent adjustment of multiple compartments as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engine bleed air adjustment assembly includes an electrically operated valve, an ejector nozzle; when the device works, high-temperature and high-pressure bleed air from an engine bleed air pipeline is uniformly distributed, and air sucked by a fan is mixed with the high-temperature bleed air by adjusting the opening of an electric valve, so that the heating requirement of each cabin section is met.

3. The air conditioning system for independent multi-compartment conditioning of claim 2 further comprising a muffling and mixing assembly disposed at an engine bleed air nozzle; the method is used for reducing noise in the engine bleed air process.

4. The air conditioning system for independent regulation of multiple cabins according to claim 1, wherein the air source switching component can adopt an air source switching valve, which can either regulate the mixing ratio of the air inside the cabin and the air outside the cabin or directly close one of the air sources.

5. The air conditioning system for independent multi-compartment conditioning of claim 1 wherein said evaporative cycle refrigeration means comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator.

6. The air conditioning system with independent conditioning for multiple compartments as claimed in claim 1, wherein said air distribution mechanism includes a quick release air filter cartridge arrangement that can be loaded with different types of filter cartridges as desired.

7. The air conditioning system for independent regulation of multiple compartments as claimed in claim 1, wherein said controller includes a temperature setting knob and a cooling switch, said temperature setting knob being used to divide the ventilating and warming operation modes and to set a target temperature of the air supply to the cabin in association when the cooling switch is turned off; when the refrigeration switch is turned on, the temperature setting knob is used to set the cabin temperature.

8. A control method for an air conditioning system capable of being independently adjusted by a plurality of cabins, the control method comprising the steps of:

checking the states of the temperature setting knob and the refrigeration switch; when the refrigeration switch is turned off, the temperature setting knob is used for dividing ventilation and heating working modes and setting the target temperature of air supply to the cabin in a correlated manner; when the refrigeration switch is turned on, the temperature setting knob is used for setting the cabin temperature;

when the controller judges that the air conditioner is in a ventilation mode, the engine bleed air adjusting assembly and the evaporation cycle refrigerating device are closed, only the fan works, the fan sucks the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin into the system, the mixing proportion of the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin is adjusted through the air source switching assembly in the process of sucking the air into the system, and the adjusted air is distributed to the cabin through the air distribution mechanism;

when the controller judges that the heating mode is adopted, calculating and determining the air supply target temperature according to a linear mapping relation; the temperature collected by the air supply temperature sensor is close to the target air supply temperature by adjusting the opening of the electric valve, so that the heating in the cabin section is realized;

when the controller judges that the air source is in the refrigerating mode, firstly, the air source of the ambient air is cut off through the air source switching valve, the opening degree of an electronic expansion valve in the evaporation cycle refrigerating device is adjusted, the temperature at the outlet of the air source switching valve is compared with the temperature set by the temperature setting knob in real time, and the power of the evaporation cycle refrigerating device and the air volume of a fan are adjusted until the two temperature values are close to each other.

9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein a temperature relay is further disposed at the inlet of the air distribution mechanism, and when the supply air temperature relay detects that the supply air temperature exceeds a set threshold, the electrically operated shutter is rapidly closed to prevent the high temperature gas from entering the cabin.

10. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the temperature sensor installed at the outlet of the switching valve of the wind source can also collect the temperature of the air from the outside of the cabin in real time, and the recorded data can be used for analysis and investigation after the fault occurs.

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