CN115039603A

CN115039603A - Photovoltaic konjak greenhouse and planting technology thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115039603A
Application number: CN202210809248.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张燕; 何彩霞; 何尚福; 杨发明; 秦梅
Original assignee: Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture Agriculture Science Institute
Current assignee: Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture Agriculture Science Institute
Priority date: 2022-07-11
Filing date: 2022-07-11
Publication date: 2022-09-13

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and discloses a photovoltaic konjac greenhouse and its planting technology. In the load-bearing frame, the bottom surface of the water collecting bucket is provided with drainage holes, the inner top and the surrounding area of the greenhouse are provided with movable sunshade nets, and the bottom of the outer wall of the load-bearing base is provided with drainage ditches. By planting konjac in a photovoltaic greenhouse, and on the premise of developing the konjac planting industry in the konjac planting industry cycle, and using the industrial cycle breeding good seeds as the supply, the konjac grows vigorously, the incidence rate is low, the bulb processing quality is good, health and safety, and the production The yield is high, the yield is increased by 15-20%, the cost is low, and it is green and environmentally friendly, and it can be planted on a large scale, and excellent seed taro can be cultivated through this planting method, and then high-quality commercial taro and young taro can be obtained. Circulation to create higher economic benefits.

Description

Photovoltaic konjak greenhouse and planting technology thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a photovoltaic konjak greenhouse and a planting technology thereof.

Background

Because of the long growth period and the unique personality of the growth rule of the konjak, the konjak planting and the industry need to be completed by occupational work after the prior professional technology. Firstly, technology unification is required, namely according to the growth habit, growth cycle, growth rule, planting cycle and planting rule of the konjak; establishing a konjak planting mode and a management method, unifying konjak planting areas and technologies suitable for selection of growing soil, disease prevention and treatment, water and fertilizer management and the like; the konjak grows in a normal environment suitable for growth and serves human beings in utilization.

Publication (bulletin) No.: CN107087491A discloses a cultivation and planting method of konjac seeds, which comprises the following steps: the method has the beneficial effects that the method comprises the following steps of land selection, land preparation and fertilization, planting, midnatal management and postpartum management: good seed taro can be cultivated by the planting method, so that high-quality commodity taro and young taro can be obtained, virtuous circle is formed, and higher economic benefit is created.

Publication (bulletin) No.: CN105557240A discloses a konjak planting method, which comprises the following steps: s1: selecting a planting land; s2: pre-treatment of planting: mixing the full and healthy konjak seeds and fine soil with farmyard manure powder; s3: sowing; s4: base fertilizer: applying base fertilizer including farmyard manure and rotting fertilizer before transplanting, and transplanting; s5: fertilizing: fertilizing respectively at the plant uprising stage, the head changing stage and the konjak growth expanding stage; s6: weeding; s7: watering: keeping the soil moist. The konjak planted by the method disclosed by the invention is vigorous in growth, good in fruit quality and taste, healthy and safe, high in yield, low in cost, green and environment-friendly, and can be planted in a large scale.

Publication (bulletin) no: CN111869527A discloses a scientific cultivation method for konjak planting, which comprises the following steps: 1) planning a suitable growing area, namely selecting a suitable growing area and selecting suitable growing soil in the suitable growing area; west shadow slope, night tide soil, ditch and river edge field; east river ditches are good; large row spacing economic forests; performing land circulation by taking agricultural autumn harvest as a period; and secondly, after land circulation, ploughing and waiting for planting. The invention creates a method for breeding improved varieties as supply by using the industrial period on the premise of developing the konjak planting industry by using the konjak planting industry period; the circulating plants are complemented, and physical epidemic prevention is taken as prevention; the developed disease-resistant growth of the root system of the drip irrigation moisture supplement is taken as the guarantee; forming an operation rule of standardized cultivation according to the growth period of the konjak and management according to the growth size law of the konjak; the problems of improved variety supply and cyclic development of the konjak planting industry are solved, and an industrial enrichment mode of high yield and high release of commercial konjak in an industrial period is formed.

Above-mentioned each technical scheme in the konjaku plant all plant in the field, the environment is difficult to control for konjaku growth condition can not control, leads to the konjaku morbidity height, results in that the bulb quantity of results is few, and is young, output is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic konjak greenhouse and a planting technology thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a photovoltaic konjaku big-arch shelter, includes the crisscross big-arch shelter roof that sets up of photovoltaic board, transparent sunshine board, sets up in the bearing base of bottom all around and sets up the bearing frame that is used for supporting the big-arch shelter roof on the bearing base, and big-arch shelter roof both sides all are provided with the rain collecting structure, the rain collecting structure is including the rain collecting groove, the both ends of rain collecting groove are provided with the water catch bowl, the water hole has been seted up down to the bottom surface of water catch bowl, the top reaches to be provided with movable sunshade net all around in the big-arch shelter, and the bottom all around of big-arch shelter is provided with the escape canal of burying underground in soil.

Preferably, the width of the greenhouse is 5-8 meters, the length of the greenhouse is more than or equal to 10 meters, the height of the greenhouse shoulder is more than or equal to 2.0 meters, the height of the greenhouse top is more than or equal to 2.5 meters, the width of the photovoltaic panel and the width of the transparent solar panel are unified to be less than or equal to 0.8 meter, and the inclination angle is unified to be 25-30 degrees; the sunshade rate of the movable sunshade net is 50%, and the joints of the photovoltaic panel, the transparent sunlight panel and the rain collecting groove are all subjected to waterproof treatment.

Preferably, a rain collecting filter cover is arranged below the water collecting hopper, a filter screen for collecting sundries is arranged in the rain collecting filter cover, a drain pipe is connected to the bottom of the rain collecting filter cover, and an elbow is arranged at the bottom of the drain pipe.

On the other hand, the invention also provides a photovoltaic konjak greenhouse planting technology, which specifically comprises the following steps: selecting planting land blocks → preparing soil and opening soil moisture, sterilizing and killing insects → selecting good seeds, sterilizing taro seeds before sowing → applying enough base fertilizer → sowing in proper time → managing and maintaining → harvesting in proper time.

Preferably, the selected planting plots specifically comprise: selecting a land which is not planted with cruciferous crops and yams in three years to plant the konjak, and planting the konjak in the same land for two years at least 3 years later.

Preferably, the soil preparation and soil moisture opening specifically comprises the following steps: digging soil to sunn upturned soil, and carefully picking up and removing grass roots and sundries; the furrow is opened conveniently according to the landform, the width of the furrow surface is 1.2 meters, and the width of the furrow is 30 centimeters; the sterilization and disinsection is to uniformly spread 40 kg of quicklime and 4 kg of 3 percent phoxim granules in each mu of land before sowing and when plowing and harrowing.

Preferably, the selected improved varieties are specifically: selecting one or more of Orchis hubeijiangensis No. 1, Chumagic flower No. 2, Yunju No. 1 flower konjak, Jinjiang white konjak or Zhuya yellow konjak as a seeding material before seeding, wherein the first generation or second generation corms have plump bud eyes, shallow bud pits, no damage, no pest damage, and no appearance and less than 50 g; the taro seed disinfection before sowing specifically comprises the following steps: the seed taro to be sowed is firstly sprayed on the surface of the taro seeds by using 1000 times of 62.5 percent of fludioxonil and 1000 times of 50 percent of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, and the seed taro is sowed after being scattered in the sun and dried for at least 2 days.

Preferably, the sufficient base fertilizer is 3000-4000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure or 300 kg of granular bio-organic fertilizer, 30 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 30 kg of controlled-release compound fertilizer applied to each mu of land before sowing, and 3 fertilizers are respectively and uniformly spread on a surface soil layer of 40 cm before harrowing and are ready to be sown.

Preferably, the optimum sowing time is specifically as follows: sowing in 3-4 middle of the month, wherein the low altitude area is 3 months at the latest, and the high altitude area is opposite, the soil moisture surface is leveled after the konjak is sowed, and pine hair or straws are covered on the soil moisture surface after the pre-bud herbicide is used.

Preferably, the management and maintenance comprises shading planting, spraying and drip irrigation water supply, comprehensive weeding, timely topdressing and pest and disease damage prevention, and the shading planting is realized by pulling open the top and the periphery of the movable shading net 43 for shading when cloudy illumination is strong in sunny days after the seedlings of the konjac emerge and leave the leaves.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the photovoltaic konjak greenhouse and the planting technology thereof, konjak is planted in the photovoltaic greenhouse, and the photovoltaic greenhouse converts light energy into electric energy, so that resources can be saved in later-stage drip irrigation and sprinkling irrigation, power can be supplied to a lamp tube when light is poor, the photovoltaic konjak greenhouse is green and environment-friendly, and good seeds are bred in an industrial period on the premise that the konjak planting industry is periodically developed; the circulating plants are complemented, and physical epidemic prevention is taken as prevention; the developed disease-resistant growth of the root system of the drip irrigation moisture supplement is taken as the guarantee; forming an operation rule of standardized cultivation according to the growth period of the konjak and management according to the growth size law of the konjak; the problems of improved variety supply and cyclic development of the konjak planting industry are solved, and an industrial enrichment mode with high yield and high efficiency of the commercial konjak in an industrial period is formed.

2. According to the photovoltaic konjak greenhouse and the planting technology thereof, konjak grows vigorously, the morbidity is low, the quality of processed corms is good, the konjak is healthy and safe, the yield is high, the yield is improved by 15-20%, the cost is low, the photovoltaic konjak greenhouse and the planting technology thereof are green and environment-friendly, large-scale planting can be realized, excellent seed konjak can be cultivated through the planting method, high-quality commodity konjak and young konjak can be obtained, virtuous circle is formed, and higher economic benefit is created.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a photovoltaic konjak greenhouse of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at a in fig. 1 according to the present invention.

The meaning of each reference number in the figures is:

10. a photovoltaic panel;

20. a transparent sunlight panel;

30. a rain collecting structure; 31. a rain collecting groove; 32. a water collecting hopper; 33. a drain hole; 34. a rain collecting filter cover; 35. a drain pipe; 36. bending the pipe;

40. a load bearing seat; 41. a bearing frame; 42. a drainage canal; 43. a movable sunshade net.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A photovoltaic konjak greenhouse is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a greenhouse roof, a bearing base 40 and a bearing frame 41, wherein the greenhouse roof is formed by staggering photovoltaic plates 10 and transparent sunlight plates 20, the bearing base 40 is arranged at the bottom of the periphery of the greenhouse roof, the bearing frame 41 is arranged on the bearing base 40 and is used for supporting the greenhouse roof, rain collecting structures 30 are arranged on two sides of the greenhouse roof, each rain collecting structure 30 comprises a rain collecting groove 31, water collecting hoppers 32 (arranged on one side in figure 1) are arranged at two end parts of each rain collecting groove 31, water draining holes 33 are formed in the bottom surfaces of the water collecting hoppers 32, movable sunshade nets 43 are arranged at the top and the periphery of the greenhouse, drainage ditches 42 buried in soil are arranged at the bottom of the periphery of the greenhouse, by adopting the greenhouse roof with the photovoltaic panels 10 and the transparent sunlight panels 20 arranged in a staggered manner, the greenhouse roof is shading and rain sheltering, and the rain collecting structure 30 and the drainage ditch 42 can be used for draining water at the upper part and the lower part of the greenhouse during rainfall and snowfall, so that the requirements of the growing environment that konjak likes half-cloudy and cannot resist soil waterlogging are created together.

Furthermore, the width of the greenhouse is 5-8 meters, the length of the greenhouse is more than or equal to 10 meters, the height of the greenhouse shoulder is more than or equal to 2.0 meters, the height of the greenhouse top is more than or equal to 2.5 meters, sunshade nets with shading rate of about 50% are arranged at the top and around the greenhouse, and drainage ditches are arranged around the photovoltaic greenhouse. The width of the photovoltaic panel 10 and the width of the transparent solar panel 20 are unified to be less than or equal to 0.8 m, and the inclination angles are unified to be 25-30 degrees; the joints of the photovoltaic panel 10, the transparent solar panel 20 and the rain collecting groove 31 are all subjected to waterproof treatment.

Specifically, a rain collecting filter cover 34 is arranged below the water collecting hopper 32, a filter screen for collecting sundries is arranged in the rain collecting filter cover 34, a drain pipe 35 is connected to the bottom of the rain collecting filter cover 34, and an elbow 36 is arranged at the bottom of the drain pipe 35.

It is worth noting that:

(1) and building the area. The photovoltaic konjak greenhouse is constructed in the area with the average annual temperature of 14-20 ℃, the average temperature of 7, 8 months of the konjak temperature of 17-26 ℃, and the average maximum temperature of 7, 8 months of the konjak temperature of 20-32 DEG C

(2) A construction site. The photovoltaic konjak greenhouse is built on sandy loam flat ground or platform ground which is convenient to transport, drain water conveniently, is leeward and exposed to the sun, has a wide and flat terrain and a deep soil layer.

(3) Photovoltaic konjaku big-arch shelter direction of settling. The open-type photovoltaic konjak greenhouse is arranged on a flat ground or a south-facing terrace in the east-west direction, and the front row and the rear row of the greenhouse are spaced properly to avoid blocking sunlight.

(4) And a drip irrigation or sprinkling irrigation system is matched. The photovoltaic konjak planting is rain-sheltering, light-sheltering and disease-sheltering planting, and a drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation system is required to supply water.

Example 2

The photovoltaic konjak greenhouse planting technology specifically comprises the following steps: selecting a planting land block, preparing soil and opening soil moisture → sterilizing and killing pests in the soil, selecting improved seeds, sterilizing the taro seeds before sowing, applying sufficient base fertilizer, sowing in proper time, managing and maintaining, and harvesting in proper time.

The selected planting land comprises the following concrete steps: selecting a land which is not planted with cruciferous crops and yams in three years to plant the konjak, and planting the konjak in the same land for two years at least 3 years later.

The soil preparation and the soil moisture removal are specifically as follows: digging soil to sunn upturned soil, and carefully picking up and removing grass roots and sundries; the furrow can be conveniently opened according to the terrain, the width of the furrow surface is 1.2 meters, and the width of the furrow and the depth of the furrow are 30 centimeters; the sterilization and disinsection is to uniformly spread 40 kg of quicklime and 4 kg of 3 percent phoxim granules in each mu of land before sowing and when plowing and harrowing.

The selection of improved varieties is as follows: selecting one or more of Orchis hubeijiangensis No. 1, Chumagic flower No. 2, Yunju No. 1 flower konjak, Jinjiang white konjak or Zhuya yellow konjak as a seeding material before seeding, wherein the first generation or second generation corms have plump bud eyes, shallow bud pits, no damage, no pest damage, and no appearance and less than 50 g; the taro seed disinfection before sowing specifically comprises the following steps: the seed taro to be sowed is firstly sprayed on the surface of the taro seeds by using 1000 times of 62.5 percent of fludioxonil and 1000 times of 50 percent of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid, and the seed taro is sowed after being scattered in the sun and dried for at least 2 days.

The sufficient base fertilizer application is to apply 3000-4000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure or 300 kg of granular biological organic fertilizer, 30 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 30 kg of controlled-release compound fertilizer to each mu of land before sowing, and the 3 fertilizers are respectively and uniformly spread on a surface soil layer of 40 cm before harrowing and are ready to be sown.

The sowing in proper time is specifically as follows: sowing in 3-4 middle of the month, wherein the low altitude area is 3 months at the latest, and the high altitude area is opposite, the soil moisture surface is leveled after the konjak is sowed, and pine hair or straws are covered on the soil moisture surface after the pre-bud herbicide is used.

The management and maintenance comprises shading planting, water supply by spraying and drip irrigation, comprehensive weeding, timely topdressing and pest control, wherein the shading planting is specifically that when cloudless illumination is strong in sunny days after the seedlings of the konjac emerge and spread leaves, the movable shading nets 43 on the top and the periphery are pulled open for shading.

Example 3

1. Selecting planting plots to reduce morbidity

The konjak is planted in the field where cruciferae crops such as cabbage, rape and radish and potatoes are planted within three years and the rotation interval is at least 3 years after the konjak is planted in the same field for two years.

2. Soil preparation, soil moisture opening, sterilization and disinsection

Soil preparation and soil moisture opening: after the forward cropping, the soil is timely dug and sunned upturned soil is timely dug, and the grass roots and sundries are carefully picked up and removed; the furrow is opened according to the convenient operation of the topography, the furrow surface is 1.2 meters wide; the width and depth of the groove are 30 cm.

Sterilization and disinsection: before sowing, 40 kg of quicklime and 4 kg of 3% phoxim granules are respectively and uniformly spread on soil for sterilization and disinsection when plowing and harrowing are carried out.

3. Selecting improved taro seeds for disinfection before sowing

The first generation or second generation corms with plump bud eyes, shallow bud pits, no damage, no pest damage, and well-rounded appearance below 50 g are selected as seeding materials before seeding, and the variety is selected from Huma Enjianum No. 1, Chumagic flower No. 2, Yunju No. 1, and also Jinjiang white konjak, bulbil yellow konjak, and the like.

The seed taro to be sowed is first sprayed with 1000 times liquid of 62.5% fludioxonil and 1000 times liquid of 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid and then sowed after being sunned for at least 2 days.

4. Two-year planting mode is implemented to standardize seeding according to the seed age

The planting mode of two-year planting requires that the planting amount of the seeds is below 50 g/seed.

Generally, 8 g/one-generation seeds (taro rhizome) to 30 g/one seed are used, the row spacing of the sowed seeds is (0.2 multiplied by 0.25) cm- (0.3 multiplied by 0.3) cm, and the seed consumption is 70 kg/mu to 150 kg/mu; or 20-50 g/second generation seeds are used, the row spacing (0.25 multiplied by 0.3) cm-0.3 multiplied by 0.3 cm is used, and the seed consumption is 130 kg/mu-180 kg/mu.

And (3) sowing depth: the seeding depth is 5 cm-10 cm, and the large seeds are deeply planted and the small seeds are shallow.

5. Applying base fertilizer and top dressing at proper time

Applying base fertilizer in the first year: 3000 kg-4000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure or 300 kg of granular bio-organic fertilizer, 30 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 30 kg of controlled-release compound fertilizer are required to be applied to each mu of land before sowing, and 3 fertilizers are respectively and uniformly spread on a surface soil layer of 40 cm before harrowing and are ready to be sown.

Topdressing in the first year: the method is characterized in that a compound fertilizer (the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is respectively 15%) is applied to the konjac seedlings at one time before seedling emergence and leaf expansion, the fertilizer is applied to the konjac seeds at one time in a strip-shaped manner or at a position 5 cm away from the edges of the konjac seeds in a circumferential manner by taking sprouts as circle centers, and the fertilizer is applied to the konjac seeds in a strip-shaped manner and then is subjected to soil lifting and covering. After the leaves of the konjak are spread, foliage fertilizers such as monopotassium phosphate and the like are sprayed for 1 time at intervals of 15 days.

Fertilizing in the second year: digging the covering of the soil moisture surface about 3-4 months before the emergence of the konjac seedlings, spreading the controlled-release compound fertilizer 40 kg/mu between the konjac rows, and tightly covering. After the leaves of the konjak are spread, foliage fertilizer such as monopotassium phosphate and the like is used for spraying for 15 days and 1 time.

6. Covering soil moisture surface for sowing in proper time

Sowing in proper time: the sowing between 3 middle ten days of the month (spring festival order) and 4 middle ten days of the month (valley rain festival order) is advocated, the sowing is earlier in the low altitude area, the sowing is opposite in the high altitude area, and farmers with larger sowing areas can sow seeds immediately after spring festival.

Covering the moist soil surface: and (4) leveling the moisture surface after the konjak is sowed, and covering pine hair or straws on the moisture surface after the pre-emergence herbicide is used.

Shading planting: when the seedlings of the konjak emerge and the leaves are unfolded in sunny days and the cloudless illumination is strong, the movable sunshade nets 43 at the top and the periphery are pulled open for shading,

7. spraying drip irrigation water supply proper amount watering

Primary watering time: when the average daily low temperature reaches above 15 ℃ (most of the area is in the middle of 4 months), a small amount of konjak can be watered by drip irrigation.

Watering interval: watering is carried out according to the soil moisture, and the interval period is usually 10 days to 15 days in sunny days and 20 days to 25 days in rainy days.

Pouring water quantity: when watering, the soil is kept at the depth of 40 cm until the soil is dry and wet.

Stopping watering time: and (4) starting to yellow leaves of the konjak, pouring seedlings, and stopping watering (10 middle ten days of normal year).

When the rainy season comes, the ditch around the photovoltaic shed is noticed to drain, and the ditch is kept smooth.

7. Comprehensive weeding

After konjak is sown, the moist surface is leveled and a soil layer with the moisture surface being 5 cm is watered, and the moist surface is sprayed with a pre-emergence herbicide for weeding the next day; the soil moisture surface is covered with the pine needles or the straws for preventing grass immediately; a small amount of weeds are pulled out manually in the growing period.

8. Comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

1) And (4) disease control. The disease is the first major hazard in konjak planting, and the diseases which harm konjak production mainly comprise soft rot, root rot, southern blight, leaf blight, epidemic disease, anthracnose and the like. The soft rot, southern blight and leaf blight are the most serious. The pest control in production adheres to the working policy of comprehensive control taking prevention as the main. The konjak cultivated in the photovoltaic shed can obviously reduce the disease incidence.

The disease control method comprises the following steps:

(1) watering in proper amount. After sowing, the soil moisture content is closely observed, the soil is kept dry and wet, and diseases caused by excessive watering are avoided.

(2) And (4) cleaning pathogens. When central plants are found in the field, the disease parts of the plants are immediately cut off and deeply buried at the water outlet outside the shed, and quicklime is spread on the wound of the plants and the surrounding soil surface.

(3) Chemical control

The pesticide is applied for at least 4 times every year.

The first medication: when the seedling emergence of the konjak reaches 80 percent, 2 percent of kasugamycin liquid which is 600 times of the seed growth of the konjak is added by drip irrigation for pouring and disease prevention.

And (3) second medication: and (3) spraying 20% thiabendazole copper SC 1500-fold liquid on leaf surfaces for preventing and treating.

The third time of medication: the control is sprayed after 16 pm by using 80% Bordeaux mixture 500 times liquid.

The fourth medication: and spraying 10% of difenoconazole 1500 solution on leaf surfaces for preventing and treating.

When the prevention and treatment medicament is used for the above 4 times, the interval period between the two times is 7 days to 10 days; when the medicine is used for the second time, the third time and the fourth time, the liquid medicine is sprayed to the front and back surfaces of the plant leaves and flows into the pond pit along the leaf stalks.

2) Pest control:

the insect pests harmful to the growth of konjak are mainly grub, ant, nematode and other underground pests which bite bulbs in the growth period, and sweet potato hawkmoth and bean hawkmoth which bite leaves in the middle growth period. The soil preparation is carried out by killing underground pests with medicaments; when the insect pest of the leaf expanding part of the konjak in middle and last ten days of 6 months is serious, 1500 times of liquid of 3 percent abamectin is used for spraying prevention and control or artificial killing in the morning and evening, and when the plants are harmed by nematodes or ants and have poor growth in 8 months to 9 months, 1000 times of liquid of 3 percent abamectin is used for irrigating and applying the plants for prevention and control.

9. Timely harvesting and safe storage

The konjak under the two-year no-tillage planting mode has the advantages that the height of a konjak plant is shown in the different 'three generation in the same hall' in the second year in the long term, the konjak is harvested and dug in the middle ten days of 11 months (a winter cold region such as Hubei) and harvested and dug in the next 2 months after the spring festival (a winter warm region such as Yunnan) and commercial konjak and seed konjak are produced.

The same-size and same-quantity quality seed taros are sowed in the same planting place and the same area, and the performance data of the commodity taros and the seed taros in the harvested konjac products planted by the method are compared with the performance data of the commodity taros and the seed taros planted and harvested by the traditional method, and are shown in the following table:

technical index	Weight (kg) of harvested taro	Weight (kg) of harvested seed taro	Survival rate of harvested seed taro after next year sowing (%)
				Example 2	626	675	96.4
Example 3	585	623	95.8
				Traditional planting	532	496	75.6

According to the photovoltaic konjak greenhouse and the planting technology thereof, seed konjak seeds with the same size and the same quantity and quality are sown in the same planting place and the same area, the commodity taro and seed konjak receiving amount in the konjak harvest product planted by the photovoltaic konjak greenhouse is larger than the receiving total amount of the traditional planting, and the konjak product comprises the following components: the single fruit with the mass of 500-1000 g and more than 1000 g is processed or sold as a commodity taro; selecting single fruit with the mass of 500-300 g, 300-200 g, 200-100 g, 100-50 g, 50-30 g, 30-10 g and less than 10 g without lesion spots, stout buds and perfect appearance as seed taro, drying to remove 20-30% of water, filling the seed taro into a breathable plastic frame and storing the seed taro indoors. And (4) paying attention to inspection during the storage period of the taros, detecting the rotten taros in time, scattering a mixture of quick lime and plant ash around the rotten taros, and opening doors and windows at noon in fine days for short-term ventilation.

According to the photovoltaic konjak greenhouse and the planting technology thereof, konjak grows vigorously, the morbidity is low, the corm processing quality is good, the health and the safety are realized, the yield is high, the yield improvement amount is 15-20%, the cost is low, the photovoltaic konjak greenhouse and the planting technology thereof are green and environment-friendly, large-scale planting can be realized, excellent seed konjak can be cultivated by the planting method, high-quality commodity konjak and young konjak can be obtained, virtuous circle is formed, higher economic benefit is created, konjak is planted in the photovoltaic greenhouse, and good seeds are bred in an industrial period on the premise that the konjak planting industry is developed in the konjak planting industry period; the circulating plants are complemented, and physical epidemic prevention is used as prevention; uniform drip irrigation and well-developed water replenishing root systems and disease-resistant growth are taken as guarantee; forming an operation rule of standardized cultivation according to the growth period of the konjak and management according to the growth size law of the konjak; the problems of improved variety supply and cyclic development of the konjak planting industry are solved, and an industrial enrichment mode with high yield and high efficiency of the commercial konjak in an industrial period is formed.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. a photovoltaic konjac greenhouse, is characterized in that: comprise the greenhouse roof that adopts photovoltaic panel (10), transparent sunlight panel (20) staggered arrangement, the load-bearing base (40) that is arranged on the bottom of all around and is arranged on the load-bearing base (40) A load-bearing frame (41) for supporting the roof of a greenhouse, a rain-collecting structure (30) is provided on both sides of the roof of the greenhouse, and the rain-collecting structure (30) includes a rain-collecting groove (31), and the rain-collecting groove (31) ) is provided with a water collecting bucket (32) at both ends, the bottom surface of the water collecting bucket (32) is provided with a drain hole (33), and a movable sunshade net (43) is arranged on the top and all sides of the greenhouse. Drainage ditches (42) buried in the soil are arranged at the bottom of the surrounding area.

2. The photovoltaic konjac greenhouse according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the width of the greenhouse is 5-8 meters, the length of the greenhouse is ≥ 10 meters, the height of the shed shoulder is ≥ 2.0 meters, and the height of the roof is ≥ 2.5 meters. 10) The width of a single piece of the transparent sun panel (20) is uniformly ≤0.8 meters, the inclination angle is uniformly 25-30°, and the shading rate of the movable sunshade net (43) is 50%, or the photovoltaic panel (10) . The connection between the transparent sunlight panel (20) and the rain collecting trough (31) is waterproof.

3. The photovoltaic konjac greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: a rain collecting filter cover (34) is arranged below the water collecting bucket (32), and a rain collecting filter cover (34) is provided inside the rain collecting filter cover (34) for A filter screen for collecting sundries, a drain pipe (35) is connected to the bottom of the rain-collecting filter cover (34), and an elbow (36) is installed at the bottom of the drain pipe (35).

4. The planting technology of a photovoltaic konjac greenhouse, comprising the photovoltaic konjac greenhouse described in any one of claims 1-3, and characterized in that: it specifically comprises the following steps: select planting plots→prepare soil and open moisture→soil sterilization and insecticide, Selection of good seeds → disinfection of taro seeds before sowing, application of sufficient base fertilizer → sowing at suitable time → management and maintenance → timely harvesting.

5. the planting technology of photovoltaic konjac greenhouse according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described selected planting plot is specifically: select the plot that has not planted cruciferous crops, potato yam in three years to plant konjac, And the same plot of konjac is planted for two years, and the rotation interval is at least 3 years.

6. The planting technology of photovoltaic konjac greenhouse according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described soil preparation is specially: carry out soil digging and drying, carefully pick up weeding roots and sundries; The moisture surface is 1.2 meters wide, and the ditch is 30 centimeters deep. The sterilization and insecticide are specifically spread on the soil with 40 kilograms of quicklime and 4 kilograms of 3% phoxim granules per acre before sowing. insecticide.

7. The planting technology of photovoltaic konjac greenhouse according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described selection of good seeds is specifically: selection of bud eyes before sowing is full, bud nest is shallow, no damage, no pest damage, appearance is normal, 50 grams The following first- or second-generation bulbs are used as sowing materials, and the varieties are selected from E Konjac No. 1, Chu Mohua No. 1, Chu Mohua No. 2, Yunja No. 1 Flower Konjac, Jinjiang White Konjac or Pearl Bud Yellow Konjac. Various; the taro seed disinfection before sowing is specifically as follows: the selected taro seeds to be sown are sprayed with 1,000 times of 62.5% forklodioxonil solution plus 1,000 times of 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid solution. The surface of the seed is scattered and dried in the sun for at least 2 days before sowing.

8. The planting technology of photovoltaic konjac greenhouse according to claim 4, characterized in that: the application of base fertilizer is specifically applying 3000 kg-4000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure or 300 kg of granular bio-organic fertilizer before sowing, calcium 30 kg of magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 30 kg of controlled-release compound fertilizer. The three fertilizers were spread and mixed evenly in a 40 cm topsoil layer before being raked.

9. The planting technology of photovoltaic konjac greenhouse according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described suitable sowing is specifically: sowing during mid-March to mid-April, the low-altitude area is at the end of March at the latest, and the high-altitude area is On the contrary, after sowing konjac, level the moisture surface, and cover the moisture surface with loose hair or straw after applying pre-emergence herbicide.

10. The planting technology of photovoltaic konjac greenhouse according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described management and maintenance comprises shading planting, drip irrigation water supply, comprehensive weeding, timely top dressing and pest prevention, and described shading planting is specifically konjac After the seedlings emerge and spread the leaves, on a sunny day without clouds, when the sunlight is strong, the movable sunshade nets (43) on the top and surrounding areas are opened to provide shade.