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CN114812853A - Double-cavity cascade acceleration-temperature sensor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Double-cavity cascade acceleration-temperature sensor and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114812853A
CN114812853A CN202210564886.7A CN202210564886A CN114812853A CN 114812853 A CN114812853 A CN 114812853A CN 202210564886 A CN202210564886 A CN 202210564886A CN 114812853 A CN114812853 A CN 114812853A
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silicon
cavity
acceleration
temperature sensor
photoresist
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CN114812853B (en
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刘晓海
郭怡然
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Otion Intelligent Technology Suzhou Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/32Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • G01P15/02Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses
    • G01P15/03Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration by making use of inertia forces using solid seismic masses by using non-electrical means

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Abstract

The application relates to a double-cavity cascade acceleration-temperature sensor which comprises an acceleration sensor structure and a temperature sensor structure which are arranged up and down, wherein the acceleration sensor structure is an inertial motion structure formed by combining a cantilever beam and a mass block. When the sensor is subjected to acceleration parallel to the direction of the air cavity, the mass is displaced due to the influence of inertia, which in turn causes a change in the length of the air cavity, causing a shift in the wavelength of the interference spectrum. The temperature sensor structure is composed of a silicon cavity formed by monocrystalline silicon and optical films on the upper side and the lower side. The volume of silicon changes when the temperature changes, resulting in a change in the cavity length of the silicon, causing a wavelength shift in the interference spectrum. The difference between the air cavity and the silicon cavity is more than 1 magnitude, light beams vertically enter from the upper part of the sensor mass block and are emitted out after passing through the air cavity and the silicon cavity, emergent light carries wavelength shift information caused by the change of the cavity length of the air cavity and the silicon cavity, and acceleration and temperature can be measured simultaneously by demodulating the emergent light.

Description

双腔级联加速度-温度传感器及其制备方法Double-cavity cascade acceleration-temperature sensor and preparation method thereof

技术领域technical field

本申请属于光传感技术领域,尤其是涉及一种双腔级联F-P加速度-温度传感器及其制备方法。The application belongs to the technical field of optical sensing, and in particular relates to a dual-cavity cascaded F-P acceleration-temperature sensor and a preparation method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

法布里-珀罗干涉仪(Fiber Fabry-Perot Interferometer,F-P),由盖板和基底结合形成的矩形f-p腔体,光源发出入射光通过光纤耦合进入传感器内,在传感器F-P腔体的上下表面来回反射,形成多光束干涉,部分反射光束沿原路返回,并相遇产生干涉。干涉信号与腔长L 有关,当待测量变化导致腔体一侧的位移或形变导致腔长L变化时,干涉信号发生变化,通过测量干涉信号的变化,则可导出腔长L的变化从而得到待测量的变化。Fabry-Perot Interferometer (F-P), a rectangular f-p cavity formed by the combination of a cover plate and a substrate, the incident light emitted by the light source is coupled into the sensor through an optical fiber, and is on the upper and lower surfaces of the F-P cavity of the sensor. Back and forth reflections form multi-beam interference, and some of the reflected beams return along the original path and meet to produce interference. The interference signal is related to the cavity length L. When the cavity length L changes due to the displacement or deformation of one side of the cavity caused by the change to be measured, the interference signal changes. By measuring the change of the interference signal, the change of the cavity length L can be derived to obtain The change to be measured.

中国专利文献CN113029381A公开了一种基于石英管封装PDMS 腔和空气腔的高精度温度传感器,其中空气腔和PDMS腔均为法布里 -珀罗干涉计,法布里-珀罗干涉计为对被测参量敏感的传感干涉计,且两干涉计对温度具有相反的温度响应,从而提高测温的灵敏性。可以看到现有的双腔级联光传感器均是测量单一物理量,而由于法布里 -珀罗干涉计也会受到温度的影响,在测量加速度等物理量时,需要同时测定温度来进行补偿,因此,需要一种能够同时测量加速度和温度的传感器。Chinese patent document CN113029381A discloses a high-precision temperature sensor based on a quartz tube encapsulating a PDMS cavity and an air cavity, wherein the air cavity and the PDMS cavity are both Fabry-Perot interferometers, and the Fabry-Perot interferometer is a pair of The sensing interferometer is sensitive to the measured parameter, and the two interferometers have opposite temperature responses to temperature, thereby improving the sensitivity of temperature measurement. It can be seen that the existing dual-cavity cascaded optical sensors measure a single physical quantity, and since the Fabry-Perot interferometer is also affected by temperature, when measuring physical quantities such as acceleration, it is necessary to measure the temperature at the same time for compensation, Therefore, there is a need for a sensor that can measure acceleration and temperature simultaneously.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明要解决的技术问题是:为解决现有技术中的不足,从而提供一种同时进行加速度和温度测量的双腔级联F-P加速度-温度传感器及其制备方法。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a dual-cavity cascade F-P acceleration-temperature sensor and a preparation method thereof for simultaneously measuring acceleration and temperature.

本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

一种双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,包括上下设置的加速度传感器结构和温度传感器结构;A dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor, comprising an acceleration sensor structure and a temperature sensor structure arranged up and down;

所述加速度传感器结构包括:The acceleration sensor structure includes:

侧壁,中间形成空腔;side wall, a cavity is formed in the middle;

质量块,位于侧壁的中间,所述质量块顶部和底部两面分别镀有第一光学膜;a mass block, located in the middle of the side wall, the top and bottom sides of the mass block are respectively coated with a first optical film;

悬臂梁,连接所述质量块与侧壁,为质量块提供支撑;a cantilever beam, connecting the mass block and the side wall to provide support for the mass block;

所述温度传感器结构包括:The temperature sensor structure includes:

硅基材料,设置在侧壁下方,硅基材料的顶部和底部分别镀有第二光学膜;The silicon-based material is arranged below the sidewall, and the top and bottom of the silicon-based material are respectively coated with a second optical film;

第一光学膜和第二光学膜的透射率与折射率相等,且质量块下方的第一光学膜到硅基材料顶部的第二光学膜之间的距离为h1,质量块的折射率为n1,硅基材料顶部和底部第二光学膜之间的距离为h2,硅基材料的折射率为n2,lg[h1*n1/(h2*n2)]小于1,lg为常用对数。The transmittance of the first optical film and the second optical film is equal to the refractive index, and the distance between the first optical film under the proof block and the second optical film on top of the silicon-based material is h1, and the refractive index of the proof block is n1 , the distance between the top and bottom second optical films of the silicon-based material is h2, the refractive index of the silicon-based material is n2, lg[h1*n1/(h2*n2)] is less than 1, and lg is a common logarithm.

优选地,本发明的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,所述硅基材料为凹字形结构,上端中空部分与空腔形成空气腔,硅基材料的顶部为位于中空部分的顶部。Preferably, in the dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of the present invention, the silicon-based material has a concave-shaped structure, the upper hollow portion and the cavity form an air cavity, and the top of the silicon-based material is located on the top of the hollow portion.

优选地,本发明的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,所述悬臂梁为悬臂梁。Preferably, in the dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of the present invention, the cantilever beam is a cantilever beam.

优选地,本发明的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,加速度传感器结构和温度传感器结构通过BCB胶键合。Preferably, in the dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of the present invention, the acceleration sensor structure and the temperature sensor structure are bonded by BCB glue.

优选地,本发明的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,所述加速度传感器结构由SOI片制备得到。Preferably, in the dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of the present invention, the acceleration sensor structure is prepared from an SOI sheet.

优选地,本发明的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,所述SOI片具有5层结构,分别为第一硅层、第一氧化硅层、第二硅层、第二氧化硅层和第三硅层。Preferably, in the dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of the present invention, the SOI sheet has a five-layer structure, which are a first silicon layer, a first silicon oxide layer, a second silicon layer, a second silicon dioxide layer, and a third silicon dioxide layer. silicon layer.

本发明还提供一种双腔级联加速度-温度传感器的制备方法,制备上述的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,包括:The present invention also provides a method for preparing a dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor, and preparing the above-mentioned dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor, comprising:

加速度传感器结构制备步骤:Preparation steps of acceleration sensor structure:

S11:取一SOI片,所示SOI片具有层结构,分别为第一硅层、第一氧化硅层、第二硅层、第二氧化硅层和第三硅层;S11: take an SOI sheet, the SOI sheet shown has a layer structure, which are a first silicon layer, a first silicon oxide layer, a second silicon layer, a second silicon dioxide layer and a third silicon layer;

S12:在第一硅层顶部涂覆光刻胶,将待加工的质量块对应区域留空,之后镀上金属层并清洗光刻胶以形成质量块顶部的第一光学膜;S12: Coating photoresist on the top of the first silicon layer, leaving the area corresponding to the mass block to be processed empty, then plating a metal layer and cleaning the photoresist to form the first optical film on the top of the mass block;

S13:在第三硅层底部涂覆光刻胶,并将质量块与侧壁之间的区域留空,腐蚀质量块与侧壁之间的区域;S13: Coating photoresist on the bottom of the third silicon layer, leaving the area between the mass and the sidewall empty, and etching the area between the mass and the sidewall;

S14:去除质量块对应第三硅层底部的光刻胶,并从第三硅层底部开始腐蚀形成所需厚度的质量块;S14: remove the photoresist corresponding to the bottom of the third silicon layer of the mass block, and start etching from the bottom of the third silicon layer to form a mass block of the required thickness;

S15:从底部对经过S步骤加工的SOI片的除质量块区域的表面涂覆光刻胶,对质量块底面镀上金属层后清洗光刻胶形成质量块底部的第一光学膜;S15: from the bottom, the surface of the SOI sheet processed in step S except the mass block area is coated with photoresist, and the bottom surface of the mass block is plated with a metal layer, and then the photoresist is cleaned to form the first optical film at the bottom of the mass block;

S16:从顶部对经过S步骤加工的SOI片中悬臂梁及侧壁对应区域的表面涂覆光刻胶,从顶面对SOI片进行腐蚀形成悬臂梁,清洗掉光刻胶,完成加速度传感器结构的制备;S16: Coat photoresist on the surface of the SOI sheet processed in step S on the surface of the corresponding area of the cantilever beam and the sidewall, etch the SOI sheet from the top to form a cantilever beam, clean off the photoresist, and complete the acceleration sensor structure preparation;

温度传感器结构制备步骤:Temperature sensor structure preparation steps:

S21:取一硅片,在硅片顶面除中空部分外涂覆光刻胶,对硅片进行腐蚀,使整块硅片形成凹字形结构,清洗光刻胶;S21 : take a silicon wafer, coat photoresist on the top surface of the silicon wafer except for the hollow part, etch the silicon wafer to form a concave structure on the whole silicon wafer, and clean the photoresist;

S22:在硅片顶面,除硅基材料顶部的第二光学膜对应区域外涂覆光刻胶,而后在硅片顶面镀上金属层后清洗光刻胶形成硅基材料顶部的第二光学膜;S22: On the top surface of the silicon wafer, coat photoresist except the area corresponding to the second optical film on the top of the silicon-based material, and then coat a metal layer on the top surface of the silicon wafer and clean the photoresist to form a second optical film on the top of the silicon-based material. optical film;

S23:在硅片底面,除硅基材料底部的第二光学膜对应区域外涂覆光刻胶,而后在硅片底面镀上金属层后清洗光刻胶形成硅基材料底部的第二光学膜,完成温度传感器结构的制备;S23: On the bottom surface of the silicon wafer, coat photoresist except for the area corresponding to the second optical film at the bottom of the silicon-based material, and then coat a metal layer on the bottom surface of the silicon wafer and clean the photoresist to form the second optical film at the bottom of the silicon-based material , to complete the preparation of the temperature sensor structure;

结合步骤:Combine steps:

将加速度传感器结构底部与温度传感器结构顶部键合。Bond the bottom of the accelerometer structure to the top of the temperature sensor structure.

优选地,本发明的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器的制备方法,在进行结合步骤前,在加速度传感器结构的顶部键合凸块。Preferably, in the preparation method of the dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of the present invention, before the bonding step, bumps are bonded on the top of the acceleration sensor structure.

优选地,本发明的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器的制备方法,加速度传感器结构和温度传感器结构通过BCB胶键合。Preferably, in the preparation method of the double-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of the present invention, the acceleration sensor structure and the temperature sensor structure are bonded by BCB glue.

优选地,本发明的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器的制备方法,所述键合过程在真空环境下进行。Preferably, in the preparation method of the dual-chamber cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of the present invention, the bonding process is performed in a vacuum environment.

本发明的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

本发明的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,包括上下设置的加速度传感器结构和温度传感器结构,加速度传感器结构由悬臂梁-质量块结合构成的惯性运动结构。当传感器受到平行于空气腔方向的加速度时,质量块由于惯性的影响产生位移,进而导致空气腔腔长发生变化,从而引起干涉光谱的波长偏移。温度传感器结构由单晶硅构成硅腔及上下两侧的光学膜组成。当外界温度发生变化时硅的体积随之发生变化,从而导致硅腔腔长发生变化,从而引起干涉光谱的波长偏移。空气腔和硅腔的相差1个数量级以上,光束从传感器质量块上方垂直入射,经过空气腔与硅腔后出射,出射光携带空气腔与硅腔的腔长变化而导致的波长偏移信息,通过解调出射光就可同时测量加速度和温度。The dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of the present invention includes an acceleration sensor structure and a temperature sensor structure arranged up and down, and the acceleration sensor structure is an inertial motion structure composed of a cantilever beam-mass block combination. When the sensor is subjected to acceleration parallel to the direction of the air cavity, the mass is displaced due to the influence of inertia, which in turn causes the cavity length of the air cavity to change, thereby causing the wavelength shift of the interference spectrum. The temperature sensor structure is composed of a silicon cavity formed by single crystal silicon and an optical film on the upper and lower sides. When the external temperature changes, the volume of silicon changes accordingly, which leads to the change of the cavity length of the silicon cavity, thereby causing the wavelength shift of the interference spectrum. The difference between the air cavity and the silicon cavity is more than one order of magnitude. The light beam is vertically incident from the top of the sensor mass, and exits after passing through the air cavity and the silicon cavity. The outgoing light carries the wavelength shift information caused by the change of the cavity length of the air cavity and the silicon cavity. Acceleration and temperature can be measured simultaneously by demodulating the outgoing light.

附图说明Description of drawings

下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的技术方案进一步说明。The technical solutions of the present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

图1是本申请实施例1的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器的剖视图;1 is a cross-sectional view of a dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;

图2是图1中标识腔长的示意图;Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of identifying the cavity length in Fig. 1;

图3是本申请实施例1的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器中悬臂梁的结构示意图;3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cantilever beam in the dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;

图4是本申请实施例2的加速度传感器结构制备步骤的流程图;FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the preparation steps of the acceleration sensor structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present application;

图5是本申请实施例2的加速度传感器结构制备步骤的流程图;FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the preparation steps of the acceleration sensor structure according to Embodiment 2 of the present application;

图6是效果实施例中空气腔和硅腔的折射率与腔长乘积接近时的传感器的透射光谱仿真图;6 is a simulation diagram of the transmission spectrum of the sensor when the product of the refractive index and the cavity length of the air cavity and the silicon cavity is close to the effect embodiment;

图7是效果实施例中空气腔和硅腔的折射率与腔长乘积相差1个数量级时的传感器的透射光谱仿真图;7 is a simulation diagram of the transmission spectrum of the sensor when the product of the refractive index and the cavity length of the air cavity and the silicon cavity differs by one order of magnitude in the effect embodiment;

图8是效果实施例中传感器受加速度影响下的级联光谱仿真图;Fig. 8 is the cascaded spectrum simulation diagram under the influence of acceleration of the sensor in the effect embodiment;

图9是效果实施例中传感器受温度影响下的级联光谱仿真图;Fig. 9 is the cascaded spectrum simulation diagram under the influence of temperature of the sensor in the effect embodiment;

图中的附图标记为:The reference numbers in the figure are:

11 侧壁;11 side walls;

12 悬臂梁;12 cantilever beam;

13 质量块;13 mass blocks;

14 空腔;14 cavities;

15 第一光学膜;15 the first optical film;

22 硅基材料;22 Silicon-based materials;

23 第二光学膜;23 the second optical film;

24 第二光学膜;24 the second optical film;

71 第一硅层;71 the first silicon layer;

72 第一氧化硅层;72 the first silicon oxide layer;

73 第二硅层;73 the second silicon layer;

74 第二氧化硅层;74 silicon dioxide layer;

75 第三硅层;75 The third silicon layer;

76 凸块;76 bumps;

8 硅片;8 silicon wafers;

9 光刻胶。9 Photoresist.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other in the case of no conflict.

在本申请的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请保护范围的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明创造的描述中,除非另有说明,“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "portrait", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientations or positional relationships indicated by vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inner, and outer are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and The description is simplified rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc., may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

在本申请的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以通过具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood through specific situations.

下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请的技术方案。The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

实施例1Example 1

本实施例提供一种双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,如图1所示,包括上下设置的加速度传感器结构和温度传感器结构;This embodiment provides a dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor, as shown in FIG. 1 , including an acceleration sensor structure and a temperature sensor structure arranged up and down;

所述加速度传感器结构包括:The acceleration sensor structure includes:

侧壁11,中间形成空腔14;side wall 11, a cavity 14 is formed in the middle;

质量块13,位于侧壁11的中间,所述质量块13顶部和底部两面分别镀有第一光学膜15;The mass block 13 is located in the middle of the side wall 11, and the top and bottom surfaces of the mass block 13 are respectively coated with the first optical film 15;

悬臂梁12,连接所述质量块13与侧壁11,为质量块13提供支撑;The cantilever beam 12 connects the mass block 13 and the side wall 11 to provide support for the mass block 13;

所述温度传感器结构包括:The temperature sensor structure includes:

硅基材料22,设置在侧壁11下方,硅基材料22的顶部和底部分别镀有第二光学膜23、24;The silicon-based material 22 is disposed under the sidewall 11, and the top and bottom of the silicon-based material 22 are respectively coated with second optical films 23 and 24;

第一光学膜15和第二光学膜23、24的透射率与折射率相等。The transmittance of the first optical film 15 and the second optical films 23 and 24 is equal to the refractive index.

质量块13下方的第一光学膜15到硅基材料22顶部的第二光学膜之间的距离为h1,质量块13的折射率为n1,硅基材料22顶部和底部第二光学膜之间的距离为h2,硅基材料22的折射率为n2, lg[h1*n1/(h2*n2)]小于1,lg为常用对数。The distance between the first optical film 15 under the mass block 13 and the second optical film on the top of the silicon-based material 22 is h1, the refractive index of the mass-block 13 is n1, and the distance between the top and bottom second optical films of the silicon-based material 22 is h1. The distance is h2, the refractive index of the silicon-based material 22 is n2, lg[h1*n1/(h2*n2)] is less than 1, and lg is a common logarithm.

所述硅基材料22为凹字形结构,上端中空部分与空腔14形成空气腔,硅基材料22的顶部为位于中空部分的顶部;The silicon-based material 22 has a concave-shaped structure, the upper hollow portion and the cavity 14 form an air cavity, and the top of the silicon-based material 22 is located on the top of the hollow portion;

质量块13及其顶部和底部两面的第一光学膜15形成第一级F-P 腔光学结构,硅基材料22及其顶部和底部两面的第二光学膜23、24 第二级F-P腔光学结构,由于第二级F-P腔光学结构的光线来自第一级F-P腔光学结构射出的光线,因此两个F-P腔占用的波长范围重合。The quality block 13 and the first optical film 15 on the top and bottom sides form the first-level F-P cavity optical structure, the silicon-based material 22 and the second optical films 23 and 24 on the top and bottom sides thereof form the second-level F-P cavity optical structure, Since the light of the second-level F-P cavity optical structure comes from the light emitted from the first-level F-P cavity optical structure, the wavelength ranges occupied by the two F-P cavities coincide.

空腔14形成的空气腔上侧是由悬臂梁12-质量块13结合构成的惯性运动结构。当传感器受到平行于空气腔方向的加速度时,质量块 13由于惯性的影响产生位移(图1中的上下方向的位移),进而导致空气腔腔长发生变化,从而引起干涉光谱的波长偏移。硅基材料22 形成的硅腔是由单晶硅构成,其上下表面具有光学膜。当外界温度发生变化时硅的体积随之发生变化(空气腔对于温度的变化不敏感),从而导致硅腔腔长发生变化,从而引起干涉光谱的波长偏移。空气腔和硅腔的nh(折射率n与腔长h乘积)相差1个数量级以上,如图2 所示,空气腔的腔长为h1,硅腔的腔长为h2。光束从传感器质量块 13上方垂直入射,经过空气腔与硅腔后出射,出射光携带空气腔与硅腔的腔长变化导致的波长偏移信息。,通过解调出射光就可同时测量加速度和温度。The upper side of the air cavity formed by the cavity 14 is an inertial motion structure formed by the combination of the cantilever beam 12 and the mass 13 . When the sensor is subjected to acceleration parallel to the direction of the air cavity, the mass 13 is displaced due to the influence of inertia (the displacement in the up and down direction in Fig. 1 ), which in turn causes the cavity length of the air cavity to change, thereby causing the wavelength shift of the interference spectrum. The silicon cavity formed by the silicon-based material 22 is made of single crystal silicon, and the upper and lower surfaces thereof are provided with optical films. When the external temperature changes, the volume of silicon changes accordingly (the air cavity is not sensitive to the change of temperature), which leads to the change of the cavity length of the silicon cavity, thereby causing the wavelength shift of the interference spectrum. The nh (the product of the refractive index n and the cavity length h) of the air cavity and the silicon cavity differ by more than one order of magnitude. As shown in Figure 2, the cavity length of the air cavity is h1, and the cavity length of the silicon cavity is h2. The light beam is vertically incident from the top of the sensor mass 13 and exits after passing through the air cavity and the silicon cavity. The outgoing light carries the wavelength shift information caused by the change of the cavity length of the air cavity and the silicon cavity. , the acceleration and temperature can be measured simultaneously by demodulating the outgoing light.

进一步地,所述悬臂梁12为悬臂梁,如图3所示。Further, the cantilever beam 12 is a cantilever beam, as shown in FIG. 3 .

进一步地,加速度传感器结构和温度传感器结构通过BCB胶键合,也即硅基材料22的顶部与侧壁11通过BCB胶键合。Further, the acceleration sensor structure and the temperature sensor structure are bonded by BCB glue, that is, the top of the silicon-based material 22 and the side wall 11 are bonded by BCB glue.

所述加速度传感器结构由SOI片制备得到。所述SOI片具有5层结构,分别为第一硅层、第一氧化硅层、第二硅层、第二氧化硅层和第三硅层,多层结构便于控制光刻的厚度。The acceleration sensor structure is prepared from SOI sheet. The SOI sheet has a five-layer structure, which are a first silicon layer, a first silicon oxide layer, a second silicon layer, a second silicon dioxide layer and a third silicon layer, and the multi-layer structure is convenient for controlling the thickness of photolithography.

实施例2Example 2

本实施例提供一种双腔级联加速度-温度传感器的制备方法,制备实施例1的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,包括:This embodiment provides a preparation method of a dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor, and the preparation of the dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of Embodiment 1 includes:

加速度传感器结构制备步骤,如图4所示:The preparation steps of the acceleration sensor structure are shown in Figure 4:

S11:取一SOI片7,所示SOI片7具有5层结构,分别为第一硅层71、第一氧化硅层72、第二硅层73、第二氧化硅层74和第三硅层75;S11: Take an SOI sheet 7, the SOI sheet 7 shown has a five-layer structure, which are a first silicon layer 71, a first silicon oxide layer 72, a second silicon layer 73, a second silicon dioxide layer 74 and a third silicon layer 75;

S12:在第一硅层71顶部涂覆光刻胶9,将待加工的质量块13 对应区域留空,之后镀上金属层并清洗光刻胶以形成质量块13顶部的第一光学膜15;S12 : Coating photoresist 9 on top of the first silicon layer 71 , leaving the area corresponding to the proof block 13 to be processed empty, then plating a metal layer and cleaning the photoresist to form the first optical film 15 on the top of the proof block 13 ;

S13:在第三硅层75底部涂覆光刻胶9,并将质量块13与侧壁 11之间的区域留空,腐蚀质量块13与侧壁11之间的区域;S13: Coat the photoresist 9 at the bottom of the third silicon layer 75, and leave the area between the mass 13 and the sidewall 11 empty, and etch the area between the mass 13 and the sidewall 11;

S14:去除质量块13对应第三硅层75底部的光刻胶9,并从第三硅层75底部开始腐蚀形成所需厚度的质量块13;S14: remove the photoresist 9 corresponding to the bottom of the third silicon layer 75 from the mass block 13, and start etching from the bottom of the third silicon layer 75 to form the mass block 13 of the required thickness;

S15:从底部对经过S14步骤加工的SOI片7的除质量块13区域的表面涂覆光刻胶,对质量块13底面镀上金属层后清洗光刻胶形成质量块13底部的第一光学膜15;S15: Apply photoresist from the bottom to the surface of the SOI sheet 7 processed in step S14 except for the area of the mass block 13, plate the bottom surface of the mass block 13 with a metal layer, and then clean the photoresist to form the first optical layer at the bottom of the mass block 13. membrane 15;

S16:从顶部对经过S15步骤加工的SOI片7中悬臂梁12及侧壁 11对应区域的表面涂覆光刻胶9,从顶面对SOI片7进行腐蚀形成悬臂梁12(腐蚀掉悬臂梁12与质量块13及侧壁11之间的物质,使悬臂梁12实现悬空),清洗掉光刻胶,完成加速度传感器结构的制备;S16: Apply photoresist 9 to the surface of the corresponding area of the cantilever beam 12 and the side wall 11 in the SOI sheet 7 processed in the step S15 from the top, and etch the SOI sheet 7 from the top to form the cantilever beam 12 (etch away the cantilever beam 12, the material between the mass block 13 and the side wall 11, so that the cantilever beam 12 can be suspended), the photoresist is cleaned off, and the preparation of the acceleration sensor structure is completed;

温度传感器结构制备步骤,如图5所示:The preparation steps of the temperature sensor structure are shown in Figure 5:

S21:取一硅片8,在硅片8顶面除中空部分外涂覆光刻胶,对硅片8进行腐蚀,使整块硅片形成凹字形结构,清洗光刻胶;S21: take a silicon wafer 8, coat photoresist on the top surface of the silicon wafer 8 except for the hollow part, and etch the silicon wafer 8 to form a concave structure on the entire silicon wafer, and clean the photoresist;

S22:在硅片8顶面,除硅基材料22顶部的第二光学膜对应区域外涂覆光刻胶,而后在硅片8顶面镀上金属层后清洗光刻胶形成硅基材料22顶部的第二光学膜;S22 : on the top surface of the silicon wafer 8 , coat photoresist except for the area corresponding to the second optical film on the top of the silicon wafer 8 , and then clean the photoresist after plating a metal layer on the top surface of the silicon wafer 8 to form the silicon base material 22 the second optical film on top;

S23:在硅片8底面,除硅基材料22底部的第二光学膜对应区域外涂覆光刻胶,而后在硅片8底面镀上金属层后清洗光刻胶形成硅基材料22底部的第二光学膜,完成温度传感器结构的制备;S23: Coat the photoresist on the bottom surface of the silicon wafer 8 except for the area corresponding to the second optical film at the bottom of the silicon-based material 22, and then coat a metal layer on the bottom surface of the silicon wafer 8 and clean the photoresist to form the bottom surface of the silicon-based material 22. The second optical film, completes the preparation of the temperature sensor structure;

结合步骤:Combine steps:

将加速度传感器结构底部与温度传感器结构的侧壁11顶部键合。Bond the bottom of the acceleration sensor structure to the top of the side wall 11 of the temperature sensor structure.

进一步地,在进行结合步骤前,在加速度传感器结构的顶部键合凸块76,通过凸块76防止在结合步骤中损坏质量块。结合步骤完成后凸块76可以腐蚀去掉,也可以保留。Further, before the bonding step, bumps 76 are bonded on the top of the acceleration sensor structure to prevent damage to the mass during the bonding step by the bumps 76 . After the bonding step is completed, the bumps 76 can be removed by etching, or they can be retained.

进一步地,加速度传感器结构和温度传感器结构通过BCB胶键合,也即硅基材料22的顶部与侧壁11通过BCB胶键合。键合的时候在真空环境下进行。Further, the acceleration sensor structure and the temperature sensor structure are bonded by BCB glue, that is, the top of the silicon-based material 22 and the side wall 11 are bonded by BCB glue. The bonding is carried out in a vacuum environment.

效果实施例Effect Example

本实施例使用实施例1的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器进行仿真测试,根据自由谱域(FSR)和半峰全宽(FWHM)公式,当空气腔和硅腔的nh(折射率与腔长乘积)接近时,其透射光谱如图6。This example uses the dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of Example 1 for simulation testing. According to the free spectral domain (FSR) and full width at half maximum (FWHM) formulas, when the nh (refractive index and cavity) of the air cavity and the silicon cavity are long product), its transmission spectrum is shown in Figure 6.

此时从由两个腔叠加的级联光谱中难以分离出空气腔光谱和硅腔光谱,因此无法直接通过出射光光谱解调获得加速度和温度信息。At this time, it is difficult to separate the air cavity spectrum and the silicon cavity spectrum from the cascaded spectrum superimposed by the two cavities, so the acceleration and temperature information cannot be directly obtained by demodulating the outgoing light spectrum.

当空气腔与玻璃腔的nh差距超过1个数量级(10^1)时,出射光的级联光谱产生了类似于“包络”的现象,如图7所示。When the nh difference between the air cavity and the glass cavity exceeds 1 order of magnitude (10^1), the cascaded spectra of the outgoing light produce a phenomenon similar to an "envelope", as shown in Figure 7.

当传感器受到外界加速度影响导致空气腔上侧质量块发生惯性位移时,空气腔光谱发生波长偏移,反应在级联光谱中的现象为“包络”发生偏移,如图8所示。When the sensor is affected by the external acceleration and causes the inertial displacement of the mass on the upper side of the air cavity, the wavelength of the air cavity spectrum shifts, and the phenomenon reflected in the cascade spectrum is the shift of the "envelope", as shown in Figure 8.

加速度导致的空气腔腔长变化表仅导致包络线波长偏移,包络内部的光谱线并不发生偏移。因此通过对包络线的波长偏移进行解调可获取加速度信息。The variation of the cavity length of the air cavity caused by the acceleration only causes the wavelength shift of the envelope, and the spectral lines inside the envelope do not shift. Therefore, acceleration information can be obtained by demodulating the wavelength shift of the envelope.

当传感器受到外界温度影响导致硅腔膨胀/收缩导致腔长变化时,硅腔光谱发生波长偏移,反应在级联光谱中的现象为包络内光谱线发生偏移,如图9所示。When the sensor is affected by the external temperature, the expansion/contraction of the silicon cavity causes the cavity length to change, the wavelength of the silicon cavity spectrum shifts, and the phenomenon reflected in the cascade spectrum is the shift of the spectral lines in the envelope, as shown in Figure 9.

温度导致的空气腔腔长变化表仅导致包络内部的光谱线波长偏移,包络线并不发生偏移。因此通过对包络线的波长偏移进行解调可获取温度信息。The temperature-induced change in the cavity length of the air cavity only causes the wavelength shift of the spectral lines inside the envelope, and the envelope does not shift. Therefore, temperature information can be obtained by demodulating the wavelength shift of the envelope.

以上述依据本申请的理想实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项申请技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项申请的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。Taking the above ideal embodiments according to the present application as inspiration, and through the above descriptions, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of the present application. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the content in the description, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1.一种双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,其特征在于,包括上下设置的加速度传感器结构和温度传感器结构;1. a double cavity cascade acceleration-temperature sensor, is characterized in that, comprises the acceleration sensor structure and the temperature sensor structure that are arranged up and down; 所述加速度传感器结构包括:The acceleration sensor structure includes: 侧壁(11),中间形成空腔(14);a side wall (11), a cavity (14) is formed in the middle; 质量块(13),位于侧壁(11)的中间,所述质量块(13)顶部和底部两面分别镀有第一光学膜(15);a mass block (13), located in the middle of the side wall (11), the top and bottom surfaces of the mass block (13) are respectively coated with a first optical film (15); 悬臂梁(12),连接所述质量块(13)与侧壁(11),为质量块(13)提供支撑;a cantilever beam (12), connecting the mass (13) and the side wall (11) to provide support for the mass (13); 所述温度传感器结构包括:The temperature sensor structure includes: 硅基材料(22),设置在侧壁(11)下方,硅基材料(22)的顶部和底部分别镀有第二光学膜(23、24);a silicon-based material (22), disposed below the sidewall (11), the top and bottom of the silicon-based material (22) are respectively coated with second optical films (23, 24); 第一光学膜(15)和第二光学膜(23、24)的透射率与折射率相等,且质量块(13)下方的第一光学膜(15)到硅基材料(22)顶部的第二光学膜之间的距离为h1,质量块(13)的折射率为n1,硅基材料(22)顶部和底部第二光学膜之间的距离为h2,硅基材料(22)的折射率为n2,lg[h1*n1/(h2*n2)]小于1,lg为常用对数。The transmittance of the first optical film (15) and the second optical film (23, 24) are equal to the refractive index, and the first optical film (15) under the mass (13) to the top of the silicon-based material (22) The distance between the two optical films is h1, the refractive index of the mass block (13) is n1, the distance between the top and bottom second optical films of the silicon-based material (22) is h2, and the refractive index of the silicon-based material (22) is h2 is n2, lg[h1*n1/(h2*n2)] is less than 1, and lg is the common logarithm. 2.根据权利要求1所述的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,其特征在于,所述硅基材料(22)为凹字形结构,上端中空部分与空腔(14)形成空气腔,硅基材料(22)的顶部为位于中空部分的顶部。2. The dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor according to claim 1, wherein the silicon-based material (22) is a concave-shaped structure, the upper hollow part and the cavity (14) form an air cavity, and the silicon-based material (22) is a concave-shaped structure. The top of the material (22) is the top of the hollow part. 3.根据权利要求1所述的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,其特征在于,所述悬臂梁(12)为悬臂梁。3. The dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor according to claim 1, wherein the cantilever beam (12) is a cantilever beam. 4.根据权利要求1所述的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,其特征在于,加速度传感器结构和温度传感器结构通过BCB胶键合。4 . The dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the acceleration sensor structure and the temperature sensor structure are bonded by BCB glue. 5 . 5.根据权利要求1所述的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,其特征在于,所述加速度传感器结构由SOI片制备得到。5 . The dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor according to claim 1 , wherein the acceleration sensor structure is prepared from an SOI sheet. 6 . 6.根据权利要求5所述的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,其特征在于,所述SOI片具有5层结构,分别为第一硅层、第一氧化硅层、第二硅层、第二氧化硅层和第三硅层。6 . The dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor according to claim 5 , wherein the SOI sheet has a five-layer structure, which are a first silicon layer, a first silicon oxide layer, a second silicon layer, and a first silicon layer. A silicon dioxide layer and a third silicon layer. 7.一种双腔级联加速度-温度传感器的制备方法,制备权利要求1所述的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器,包括:7. A preparation method of a double-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor, preparing the double-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor of claim 1, comprising: 加速度传感器结构制备步骤:Preparation steps of acceleration sensor structure: S11:取一SOI片,所示SOI片具有层结构,分别为第一硅层、第一氧化硅层、第二硅层、第二氧化硅层和第三硅层;S11: take an SOI sheet, the SOI sheet shown has a layer structure, which are a first silicon layer, a first silicon oxide layer, a second silicon layer, a second silicon dioxide layer and a third silicon layer; S12:在第一硅层顶部涂覆光刻胶,将待加工的质量块对应区域留空,之后镀上金属层并清洗光刻胶以形成质量块顶部的第一光学膜;S12: Coating photoresist on the top of the first silicon layer, leaving the corresponding area of the mass block to be processed empty, then plating a metal layer and cleaning the photoresist to form the first optical film on the top of the mass block; S13:在第三硅层底部涂覆光刻胶,并将质量块与侧壁之间的区域留空,腐蚀质量块与侧壁之间的区域;S13: Coating photoresist on the bottom of the third silicon layer, leaving the area between the proof block and the sidewall empty, and etching the area between the proof block and the sidewall; S14:去除质量块对应第三硅层底部的光刻胶,并从第三硅层底部开始腐蚀形成所需厚度的质量块;S14: remove the photoresist corresponding to the bottom of the third silicon layer of the mass block, and start etching from the bottom of the third silicon layer to form a mass block of the required thickness; S15:从底部对经过S步骤加工的SOI片的除质量块区域的表面涂覆光刻胶,对质量块底面镀上金属层后清洗光刻胶形成质量块底部的第一光学膜;S15: from the bottom, the surface of the SOI sheet processed in step S except the mass block area is coated with photoresist, and the bottom surface of the mass block is plated with a metal layer and then the photoresist is cleaned to form the first optical film at the bottom of the mass block; S16:从顶部对经过S步骤加工的SOI片中悬臂梁及侧壁对应区域的表面涂覆光刻胶,从顶面对SOI片进行腐蚀形成悬臂梁,清洗掉光刻胶,完成加速度传感器结构的制备;S16: Coat photoresist on the surface of the SOI sheet processed in step S on the surface of the corresponding area of the cantilever beam and the sidewall, etch the SOI sheet from the top to form a cantilever beam, wash off the photoresist, and complete the acceleration sensor structure preparation; 温度传感器结构制备步骤:Temperature sensor structure preparation steps: S21:取一硅片,在硅片顶面除中空部分外涂覆光刻胶,对硅片进行腐蚀,使整块硅片形成凹字形结构,清洗光刻胶;S21: take a silicon wafer, coat photoresist on the top surface of the silicon wafer except for the hollow part, etch the silicon wafer to form a concave structure on the whole silicon wafer, and clean the photoresist; S22:在硅片顶面,除硅基材料顶部的第二光学膜对应区域外涂覆光刻胶,而后在硅片顶面镀上金属层后清洗光刻胶形成硅基材料顶部的第二光学膜;S22: On the top surface of the silicon wafer, coat photoresist except for the area corresponding to the second optical film on the top of the silicon-based material, and then coat a metal layer on the top surface of the silicon wafer and clean the photoresist to form a second optical film on the top of the silicon-based material. optical film; S23:在硅片底面,除硅基材料底部的第二光学膜对应区域外涂覆光刻胶,而后在硅片底面镀上金属层后清洗光刻胶形成硅基材料底部的第二光学膜,完成温度传感器结构的制备;S23: On the bottom surface of the silicon wafer, coat photoresist except for the area corresponding to the second optical film at the bottom of the silicon-based material, and then coat a metal layer on the bottom surface of the silicon wafer and clean the photoresist to form the second optical film at the bottom of the silicon-based material , to complete the preparation of the temperature sensor structure; 结合步骤:Combine steps: 将加速度传感器结构底部与温度传感器结构顶部键合。Bond the bottom of the accelerometer structure to the top of the temperature sensor structure. 8.根据权利要求7所述的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器的制备方法,其特征在于,在进行结合步骤前,在加速度传感器结构的顶部键合凸块(76)。8. The method for preparing a dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that, before the bonding step, a bump (76) is bonded on the top of the acceleration sensor structure. 9.根据权利要求7所述的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器的制备方法,其特征在于,加速度传感器结构和温度传感器结构通过BCB胶键合。9 . The method for preparing a dual-cavity cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor according to claim 7 , wherein the acceleration sensor structure and the temperature sensor structure are bonded by BCB glue. 10 . 10.根据权利要求9所述的双腔级联加速度-温度传感器的制备方法,其特征在于,所述键合过程在真空环境下进行。10 . The method for preparing a dual-chamber cascaded acceleration-temperature sensor according to claim 9 , wherein the bonding process is performed in a vacuum environment. 11 .
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