Gasoline composite additive
The present invention relates to a kind of oil light fraction fuel with additive and preparation method thereof, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of gasoline dope and preparation method thereof, be used to improve quality of gasoline, particularly improve the detergency and the package stability of gasoline.
As everyone knows, reduce environmental pollution and save energy two big global social concerns and constantly exert pressure, and promoted developing of automobile industry to automotive industry.Accordingly, automotive industry reduces exhaust pollution and these two targets of fuel saving for realizing engine, and gasoline is had higher requirement.
For rotating speed and the volume power that improves petrol motor, particularly under the air rarefaction condition, carburettor is inapplicable.The fifties, the U.S. at first adopted gasoline electric-controlled injection oil supply on military aircraft, began the sixties to popularize the microminiaturization of electronic technology in addition to civilian, digitizing, promoted parameter acquisition, the reliability of operating mode control, thus realized that computer is from seeking optimized operation under the full working condition of engine.EFI fuel feeding and carburettor ratio, noxious emission descend 20%, and oil consumption 15% power that descends increases about 10%.U.S.'s beginning in 1976 is used on car, and is very universal at automatically controlled fuel feeding automobiles of developed country such as the U.S., Japan, Europe now.
The electronic gasoline injection car that enters China at present reaches 60,000, adds putting on market of China's self-generated electricity controlled jetting car of be about to going into operation, and the demand of electric-controlled injection gasoline will be the subject matter that the human consumer faces.One of quality characteristic of electric-controlled gasoline requires to have higher detergency exactly, and to keep the cleaning of oil-feed system, this will rely on, and the adding additive solves in the gasoline.
In order to control the settling in the engine, purificant was just recommended to use by the U.S. in 1954, recommended with anti-deposition agent (Depusit ControlAdditive) in 1970.In order to reach the requirement of federal uncontaminated air amendment of nineteen ninety,, stipulate that the whole gasoline of the U.S. must add purification agent since January nineteen ninety-five.The effect of purification agent generally is to prevent that the settling of engine parts from generating, and anti-deposition agent mainly is to remove the settling that has generated, specifically can be divided three classes:
(1) the lower molecular weight amine is mainly used in carburetor engine, and typical commercial is the LZ8166 additive of Lubrizol company, and consumption is 70~80ppm.
(2) compound such as succimide is mainly used in the electrospray engine, and typical commercial is the Lz8136 additive of Lubrizol company, and consumption is 150~250ppm.
(3) PIBA (PIBA) and polyesteramine (PEA) are mainly used in intake valve, and typical commercial is the LZ8195 additive of Lubrizol company, and consumption is 600~1000ppm.
The object of the invention provides composite additive, stability and the detergency to improve gasoline that a kind of light fraction fuel, particularly gasoline are used.It is applicable to electric-controlled injection fuel feeding engine, also is applicable to the gasifier oil turbine.The present invention simultaneously also provides the method for this composite additive of preparation, and this additive is in the using method of gasoline and contain the gasoline composition of this gasoline dope.
Gasoline composite additive of the present invention is the composition concentrate of amine-nitrogen azoles-thiazole-phenol.
Gasoline composite additive of the present invention is to make solvent with light hydrocarbon, and low mass molecule alcohol is made solubility promoter, and it is formulated to add dispersion agent, metal passivator and oxidation inhibitor by a certain percentage.Wherein said varsol generally adopts white gasoline or No. 200 solvent oils.
The used dispersion agent of gasoline composite additive of the present invention is the allyl butyrate imide shown in the following formula A:
R represents polyisobutenyl in the formula, and molecular weight is 800~1800, is preferably 1100~1300.
Compound shown in the formula A is to make enetutanedioic acid anhydride with the low-molecular-weight polyisobutylene of molecular weight 800~1800 and maleic anhydride through addition reaction, makes with the tetraethylene pentamine reaction then, and this preparation method is well known in the art.Compound shown in the formula A can have been bought from petrochemicals sales department.
The used oxidation inhibitor of gasoline composite additive of the present invention is the alkylphenol shown in the following formula B:
R1 represents 4-8 carbon alkyl among the formula B.
Compound shown in the formula B is to carry out alkylated reaction with p-cresol and iso-butylene under sulphuric acid catalysis, forms with the crystallization of ethanol alkaline solution neutralized crude, separation, washing, filtration and recrystallize are refining again.This preparation method is well known in the art.
Compound shown in the formula B can have been bought from petrochemicals sales department.
The used metal passivator of gasoline composite additive of the present invention is a kind of nitrogen oxazole derivatives shown in the following formula C that is:
R2 is an alkyl among the formula C, preferably C8~C20 alkyl.
This derivative is made through association reaction by 124 Triazole, formaldehyde, organic amine.Its preparation method is well known in the art.Product shown in the formula C can have been bought from petrochemicals sales department.
The used another kind of metal passivator of the present invention is the thiadiazoles derivative shown in the following formula D:
R3 is C3~C16 alkyl among the formula D, and X is an integer 1,2,3:
This derivative is to be made through processes such as acidifying and oxidative couplings by 2,5 disulfide group thiadiazoles (DMTD).Its preparation method is well known in the art, and product shown in the formula D can have been bought from petrochemicals sales department.
The part by weight of the four kinds of active ingredients (hereinafter to be referred as A, B, C, D) shown in gasoline composite additive Chinese style A of the present invention, B, C, the D closes:
A: B: C: D is 70~80%: 4~10%: 4~10%: 5~20%, and total amount is 100%.
Above-mentioned four kinds of components are dissolved in solubility promoter and the solvent by desired amount can be mixed with additive of the present invention.The used solubility promoter of the present invention is a monohydroxy-alcohol, is preferably dehydrated alcohol: solvent is a light hydrocarbon, is preferably solvent oil No. 200.The ratio of gasoline dope active ingredient of the present invention and solubility promoter and solvent is generally 1: 0.5: 10~20, is preferably 1: 0.5: 13.
The preparation method of gasoline dope of the present invention has two kinds: a kind of method is under agitation, at 20~60 ℃, preferred 25~40 ℃, with active component A, B, C, four kinds of independent components of D are dissolved in a small amount of solubility promoter or the solvent respectively separately in required ratio, add balance solvent then or solubility promoter mixes it, promptly get required gasoline composite additive, another kind method is under above-mentioned condition, with A, B, C, four kinds of components of D add in a small amount of same solubility promoter or the solvent in desired ratio and priority, and dissolving adds balance solvent afterwards and solubility promoter promptly gets required gasoline composite additive.
Gasoline dope of the present invention is a weak yellow liquid.
Gasoline dope of the present invention can be widely used in the extensive stock gasoline, and it is best to be used for the non-lead gasoline for car effect.Gasoline of the present invention can be added in amounts (with the total amount of four kinds of active ingredients) the adding gasoline in PMT (Per metric ton) gasoline adding 80~260 grams mixing during application, can obtain good security, the peace and quiet gasoline that cleanliness is high.This additive breakdown time is not less than 600 minutes, and air inlet and exhaust system cleanliness factor improve greatly during use.
With embodiment the present invention is further specified below, but the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1-3 illustrates the preparation of gasoline composite additive of the present invention.
Under 25 ℃, one side stir one side with market bought through check satisfactory A, B, four kinds of components of C, D with meet No. 200 paint industries that SH0005 standard Tianjin first petroleum chemical plant produces use solvent oil and ethanol by table 1 routine mixed, be mixed with gasoline composite additive of the present invention, its character is shown in the table 2.Table 1 additive preparation example
Table 2 additive physico-chemical property
| Project | Quality index | Test method |
| 20 ℃ of g/CM3 of density | 0.75~0.85 | GB/T1884 |
| Copper corrosion, 50 ℃ of 3H of level | 1 | GB/T5096 |
| Ammonia content % (m/m) | 0.25~0.35 | SH/T0224 |
Embodiment 4
The gasoline composite additive of embodiment 1 is joined in the 90# white gasoline of Tianjin first petroleum chemical plant production, and add-on is measured inductive phase by the total of active ingredient with the GB/T8018 method, the results are shown in table 3.By the data of table 3 as can be seen: add additive and can prolong induction period of gasoline, it is best, most economical wherein to add 130 gram additive effects with PMT (Per metric ton).Table 3 adds the inductive phase of agent oil
| The total add-on g/T of A+B+C+D active ingredient | Inductive phase min |
| 0 | 960 |
| 80 | 1032 |
| 130 | >1000 |
| 260 | >1000 |
Embodiment 5
The gasoline composite additive of embodiment 1 is joined in the 90# white gasoline of Tianjin one petroleum chemical plant, PMT (Per metric ton) adds 130 grams (by active ingredient), the same gasoline that will not add agent simultaneously and add U.S. PA 748 additives is made testing of engine as a comparison.The significant parameter of used engine is:
Model: 4920-A type
Work discharge capacity: 2.4451
Compression ratio: 6.6: 1
Peak power: 51KW/3600r/min
Peak torque: 170N.m/2200r/min
Draw the visual observation of table 4 through 130 minutes detergency tests, observe from material object and photo, as fuel oil fitering element, vapor pipe and sparking plug, carburettor etc., with No. 2 (adding U.S.'s additive), No. 3 (adding gasoline composite additive of the present invention) gasoline cleanliness is good, and fuel oil fitering element is bright, cleaning, basic contamination-free, and color is pure whiter, vapor pipe, spark plug fouling are less, and carbon is thinner.In kind and photo demonstration does not have pollution with No. 1 gasoline of purification agent to piece surface, does not have peace and quiet effect.The peace and quiet situation of table 4 detergency test in 130 minutes back range estimation part
| Part name | Detergency |
| No. 1 gasoline | No. 2 gasoline | No. 3 gasoline |
| Fuel oil fitering element | Color has dirt more deeply. | Bright white, no dirt. | Bright white, no dirt. |
| Vapor pipe | The more thick-skinned look of carbon is more black. | The thin carbon distribution of carbon is few. | The thin carbon distribution of carbon is few. |
| Sparking plug | The visible carbon distribution is arranged. | It is dark-coloured that no visible carbon distribution shows slightly. | No visible carbon distribution Lu Bense. |
| The carburetor bowl flange. | Peace and quiet pollution-free butterfly color is darker. | Peace and quiet pollution-free butterfly color light. | Peace and quiet pollution-free butterfly color light. |
Embodiment 6
The gasoline composite additive of embodiment 1 is joined in the commercially available 93# gasoline, and PMT (Per metric ton) adds 130 grams (by amount of active ingredients), and the same gasoline that will not add agent simultaneously carries out actual service test as a comparison.Used car is a Guangzhou beautiful 505SW8 type car, and its main technical details is:
Engine model: KN1A carburetor type
Cylinder diameter. stroke: 88.81mm
Compression ratio: 8: 1
Ignition order: 1-3-4-2
Idle running: 900r/min
Discharge capacity: 1971cm
3
Use the gasoline test-results of additive of the present invention as follows:
But 1, per 100 km fuel-economizing 0.66L (seeing Table 5), rate of economizing gasoline is-5.2%:
2, tail gas pollution (the seeing Table 6.7) hydrocarbon that obviously descends reduces 22.9~43.8%, and carbon monoxide reduces 20.2~32.5%.
3, carburetor detergency obviously improves, and the stain that adds agent oil obviously reduces.Table 5 regular gasoline with add agent oil oil consumption contrast
| Running time | Mileage KM | Gasoline consumption L | Fuel consumption per hundred kilometers L | Rate of economizing gasoline % |
| 94.3.14~ 4.12 | 3004 | Conventional oil 326.07 | 10.85 | |
| 4.12~5.21 | 3006 | Add agent oil 314.72 | 10.47 | On average-5.2 |
| 5.21~6.18 | 3199 | Add agent oil 323.09 | 10.10 |
Table 6 fixed point tail gas inspection results
| When regular gasoline travels 2600KM | HC178ppm | CO 4% |
| When adding agent gasoline and travelling 2000KM | HC100ppm | CO 2.7% |
| Reduce % | -43.8 | -32.5 |
Table 7 tunnel inspection tail gas inspection results
| Regular gasoline | HC 468 ppm | CO 5.85% |
| Add agent gasoline | HC 361 ppm | CO 4.67% |
| The minimizing value | HC 107 ppm | CO 1.18% |
| % | -22.9 | -20.2 |