Clean environment-friendly diesel oil and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to composite clean diesel oil, and belongs to the technical field of compound oil products.
Background
The earliest clean diesel oil in the world appears in sweden in northern europe, and therefore, the development of european diesel oil is considered to represent the development direction of the diesel oil in the world. The Swedish grade I diesel oil standard is the strictest diesel oil standard in the world at present, the sulfur content of the diesel oil reaches 10 mu g/g, the total aromatic hydrocarbon content is not more than 5 v%, and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PNA) content is not more than 0.02 v%.
At the present stage, the european union countries implement the automotive diesel standard EN 590. Since there are numerous european countries, like the gasoline standard, the european EN 590 standard also consists of two parts, the first of which defines the maximum limits for the indices of sulphur content, polycyclic aromatics, flash point and ash content. The second part divides the diesel into different specifications and grades according to the climate and the region and the low-temperature fluidity of the diesel, and respectively sets corresponding control indexes such as density, kinematic viscosity, cetane number and the like. The current diesel oil standard in Japan requires that the sulfur content is not more than O.05 percent, and no requirement is made on the content of aromatic hydrocarbon. In order to adapt to the world trend of low-sulfur development of diesel, the sulfur content of the Japanese automotive diesel is reduced to 50 mug/g in 2005 and 10 mug/g in 2008.
The first ship, 1 million tons, produced by medium petrochemical land refining chemical companies, of vehicle diesel oil meeting the euro v emission standard was shipped to hong kong in 2009. The method is the first batch production of Euro V automotive diesel oil in inland, and marks that the quality of automotive diesel oil produced by enterprises in China has reached the highest standard requirement in the world.
The sulfur content of the Euro IV vehicle diesel oil is required to be not more than 50ppm, the sulfur content of the Euro V vehicle diesel oil is required to be not more than 10ppm, the sulfur content is reduced by 80 percent compared with the Euro IV vehicle diesel oil, and the use of the ultra-low sulfur diesel oil can greatly reduce air pollution. The emission standard implemented in China at present lags behind Europe and America, Japan, New Gangpo and the like, but the development speed is high.
China starts to implement the industry standard of 'clean diesel fuel' in 2020, 11 months and 15 days, and the standard specifies the requirements and inspection rules of clean diesel fuel. Therefore, the Chinese diesel project realizes the progress of the milestone.
The combustion process of clean diesel has a higher combustion efficiency than gasoline, but clean diesel also releases toxic nitrogen oxides (NOx). In conventional engines, these toxic gases are diluted to minimize emissions. This reduces the production of nitrogen oxides by reducing the temperature and oxygen concentration of the fuel-air mixture by returning to the intake port combusted gases having a lower oxygen content produced in the previous work cycle. However, this common nox reduction technique reduces the temperature of the fuel-air mixture, thereby causing insufficient combustion, resulting in the generation of partially combusted carbon particles. This problem has plagued the diesel engineering community.
The statements in the background section are merely prior art as they are known to the inventors and do not, of course, represent prior art in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at one or more problems in the prior art, the invention provides clean and environment-friendly diesel, which comprises the following raw material components:
90-97 wt% of diesel oil; and
3-10 wt% of liquid nano detergent.
As a preferred scheme of the clean environment-friendly diesel oil, the raw material components comprise:
90-94 wt% of diesel oil; and
5-10 wt% of liquid nano detergent;
the sum of the mass percentages of the diesel oil and the liquid nano detergent is 100 percent.
As a more preferable scheme of the clean environment-friendly diesel oil, the raw material components comprise:
92 wt% of diesel oil; and
8 wt% of liquid nano detergent.
According to one aspect of the invention, the liquid nano detergent is composed of the following components in parts by weight:
2-10 parts of base oil, 0.02-0.2 part of isooctyl nitrate, 0.05-1 part of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, 0.02-0.1 part of modifier and 0.3-2.5 parts of isooctanol.
According to one aspect of the invention, the liquid nano detergent is composed of the following components in parts by weight:
2-8 parts of base oil, 0.05-0.1 part of isooctyl nitrate, 0.2-0.5 part of polymethoxy dimethyl ether, 0.03-0.05 part of modifier and 0.5-2 parts of isooctanol.
According to one aspect of the invention, the liquid nano detergent is composed of the following components in parts by weight:
6 parts of base oil, 0.07 part of isooctyl nitrate, 0.35 part of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, 0.03-0.05 part of modifier and 1.2 parts of isooctanol.
According to one aspect of the invention, the base oil is a white oil, preferably 7# white oil.
According to one aspect of the invention, the modifier is one or a combination of more than two of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-3 (OP-3), Mannich base or ferric dipentane.
Preferably nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-3 (OP-3): mannich base: diametetrazine (9-15): 1: (0.2-5) in mass ratio.
More preferably nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-3 (OP-3): mannich base: diametetrazine (11-12): 1: (2-2.5) mass ratio.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the clean environment-friendly diesel oil, which comprises the following steps:
preparing the liquid nano detergent:
preparation of mixed system a': taking three fifths of the base oil in the raw materials as a carrier A, and adding all isooctyl alcohol in the raw materials into the carrier A to mix to form a stable and uniform mixed system A';
preparation of mixed system B': taking one fifth of the base oil in the raw materials as a carrier B, and adding isooctyl nitrate and polymethoxy dimethyl ether in the raw materials into the carrier B, and mixing to form a stable and uniform mixed system B';
preparing a mixed system C': taking one fifth of the mass of the base oil in the raw materials as a carrier C, adding all the modifiers in the raw materials into the carrier C, and mixing to form a stable and uniform mixed system C';
uniformly mixing the mixed system A ', the mixed system B ' and the mixed system C ' to obtain the liquid nano detergent;
preparing clean environment-friendly diesel oil: and mixing the prepared liquid nano detergent with diesel oil according to a ratio.
According to one aspect of the present invention, in the preparation of the mixed system a', the mixing process maintains the temperature of the mixed system at 15-20 ℃, and stands to room temperature for standby.
Preferably, the mixing is carried out by ultrasonic vibration in a water bath; further preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 150-180 KHz.
According to one aspect of the invention, in the preparation of the mixed system B', the mixing process keeps the temperature of the mixed system at 40-50 ℃ and stands to room temperature for standby; preferably, the mixing adopts a mode of ultrasonic vibration in a water bath; further preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 40-50 KHz.
According to one aspect of the invention, in the preparation of the mixed system C', the mixing process keeps the temperature of the mixed system at 55-60 ℃ and stands to room temperature for standby; preferably, the mixing adopts a mode of ultrasonic vibration in a water bath; further preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 40-50 KHz.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the mixed system a ', the mixed system B ' and the mixed system C ' are mixed uniformly at room temperature.
The clean environment-friendly diesel oil is prepared by adding a small amount of special bead liquid nano detergent into common diesel oil (generally used in national six standards diesel oil of market gas stations) to improve the overall performance of a diesel oil product, has no harmful elements (the product does not contain forbidden components such as aldehyde, ketone and the like, and does not contain sulfur, nitrogen, heavy metal and the like), is derived from a pure petroleum-based physical method product additive (non-chemical method), forms clean diesel oil, and achieves the effects of synergy, oil saving, carbon cleaning and emission reduction by changing the physical properties of the fuel oil; the quality of the oil product is improved to a high degree, and the cetane number of the oil product is obviously increased; the oil product sensitivity is good, the engine resonance phenomenon is eliminated, the kinetic energy output is stable, and the oil consumption is saved; the fuel in the engine can be fully combusted, so that the emission of pollutants in the tail gas of the automobile is reduced.
The detergent enables larger oil molecule polymers to be dispersed into smaller microcolloid molecular groups (below 10 um), prevents covalent coalescence of oil molecules, forms clean diesel oil, is beneficial to improving the atomization degree of the oil, increases the contact surface area of oil mist and air, enables the fuel to be fully combusted, and achieves the effects of saving fuel and reducing environmental pollution. Wherein, isooctanol is used as a dispersant in the invention, and is mixed with base oil (white oil) in advance to form a mixed system A' which plays the role of a carrier in the tranquilizer of the invention. The ultrasonic treatment in water bath at low temperature (15-20 deg.c) is used to disperse isooctanol in white oil homogeneously, weaken intermolecular van der waals force and increase the intermolecular distance, and this lays the foundation for the detergent of the present invention. Isooctyl nitrate can raise the cetane number of diesel oil, improve the combustion performance of diesel oil, shorten ignition time, reduce ignition point, raise the dynamic performance of locomotive under the condition of heat and save oil obviously. When used in diesel fuel, particularly in secondary processed diesel fuel to increase its cetane number. According to the invention, the modifier (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-3 (OP-3), Mannich alkali and dipentane iron) and isooctyl nitrate have a synergistic effect on the combustion of oil products, isooctyl nitrate can be decomposed to generate active free radicals under low-temperature heating, and the modifier has different valence states, so that the modifier has excellent catalytic oxidation activity, reduces the combustion temperature of soot, and enables the free radicals and soot generated at low temperature to be fully combusted to achieve the dual effects of energy conservation and emission reduction. The polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers are low molecular weight acetal polymers which take dimethoxymethane as a matrix and methyleneoxy as a main chain, have physical properties similar to diesel oil, and are blended into the diesel oil without modifying a vehicle engine oil supply system. The cetane number of the diesel oil reaches up to 76, the oxygen content is 47-50%, the diesel oil is free of sulfur and aromatic hydrocarbon, the diesel oil is blended in the diesel oil by 10-20%, the cold filter plugging point of the diesel oil can be obviously reduced, the combustion quality of the diesel oil in an engine can be improved, and the heat efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the function of the polymethoxy dimethyl ether as a solvent with extremely strong dissolving capacity is utilized, so that the polymethoxy dimethyl ether and the white oil are cooperated to realize liquid nanocrystallization really; in addition, the inventor of the present invention finds that the synergistic effect of polymethoxy dimethyl ether and isooctyl nitrate exceeds the simple additive function of "1 +1 ═ 2" in the aspect of increasing the cetane number and oxygen content of diesel oil, and the synergistic effect of the polymethoxy dimethyl ether and the isooctyl nitrate shows excellent and outstanding effects on the increase of the cetane number and oxygen content of diesel oil, and the analysis reasons are as follows: the polymethoxy dimethyl ether has higher boiling point, is not easy to volatilize, has lower average melting point and better low-temperature property, is dissociated between oligomer chains under the action of ultrasonic waves together with isooctyl nitrate to form more hydrophilic ends, and simultaneously has more outstanding effect of improving the cetane number of the isooctyl nitrate under the solvent effect. Meanwhile, the mixed system B' after ultrasonic treatment can effectively improve the lubricating property of diesel oil, reduce the friction loss of the engine and is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the engine.
Detailed Description
In the following, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the description is to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
Examples of various specific processes and materials are provided herein, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize applications of other processes and/or uses of other materials.
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and is in no way intended to limit the invention.
In the following examples, the diesel oil is the national six standard diesel oil of the market gas station, and the base oil is 7# white oil.
Example 1:
a clean environment-friendly diesel oil comprises 92 wt% of diesel oil and 8 wt% of liquid nano detergent. The liquid nano detergent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 6 parts of base oil, 0.07 part of isooctyl nitrate, 0.35 part of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, 0.03 part of modifier and 1.2 parts of isooctanol. Wherein, the modifier is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-3 (OP-3), Mannich alkali and dipentate iron according to the weight ratio of 11: 1: 2.5 mass ratio.
The preparation method of the clean environment-friendly diesel oil comprises the following steps:
preparation of the environment-friendly detergent:
preparation of mixed system a': taking three fifths of the base oil in the raw materials as a carrier A, adding all isooctyl alcohol in the raw materials into the carrier A, forming a stable and uniform mixed system A' by adopting a water bath with the temperature of 15-20 ℃ and simultaneously adopting an ultrasonic vibration mode (the frequency is 150-180KHz), and standing to room temperature for later use;
preparation of mixed system B': taking one fifth of the base oil in the raw materials as a carrier B, adding isooctyl nitrate and polymethoxy dimethyl ether in the raw materials into the carrier B, mixing the mixture by adopting a water bath with the temperature of 40-50 ℃ and ultrasonic vibration (the frequency is 40-50KHz) to form a stable and uniform mixed system B', and standing to room temperature for later use;
preparing a mixed system C': taking one fifth of the base oil in the raw materials as a carrier C, adding all the modifiers in the raw materials into the carrier C, mixing the mixture by adopting a water bath with the temperature of 55-60 ℃ and simultaneously adopting an ultrasonic vibration mode (the frequency is 40-50KHz) to form a stable and uniform mixed system C', and standing to room temperature for later use;
at room temperature, uniformly mixing the mixed system A ', the mixed system B ' and the mixed system C ' to obtain the liquid nano detergent;
preparing clean environment-friendly diesel oil: and mixing the prepared liquid nano detergent with diesel oil according to a ratio.
Example 2:
a clean environment-friendly diesel oil comprises 92 wt% of diesel oil and 8 wt% of liquid nano detergent. The liquid nano detergent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 6 parts of base oil, 0.07 part of isooctyl nitrate, 0.35 part of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, 0.05 part of modifier and 1.2 parts of isooctanol. Wherein, the modifier is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-3 (OP-3), Mannich alkali and dipentate iron according to the weight ratio of 12: 1: 2 in mass ratio.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3:
a clean environment-friendly diesel oil comprises 92 wt% of diesel oil and 8 wt% of liquid nano detergent. The liquid nano detergent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 2 parts of base oil, 0.1 part of isooctyl nitrate, 0.2 part of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, 0.05 part of modifier and 0.5 part of isooctanol. Wherein, the modifier is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-3 (OP-3), Mannich alkali and dipentane according to the weight ratio of 9: 1: 5 in mass ratio.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Example 4:
a clean environment-friendly diesel oil comprises 95 wt% of diesel oil and 5 wt% of liquid nano detergent. The liquid nano detergent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 8 parts of base oil, 0.05 part of isooctyl nitrate, 0.5 part of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, 0.03 part of modifier and 2 parts of isooctanol. Wherein, the modifier is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-3 (OP-3), Mannich alkali and dipentate iron according to the weight ratio of 15: 1: 0.2 mass ratio of the mixture.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Example 5:
a clean environment-friendly diesel oil comprises 90 wt% of diesel oil and 10 wt% of liquid nano detergent. The liquid nano detergent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 2 parts of base oil, 0.2 part of isooctyl nitrate, 0.05 part of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, 0.1 part of modifier and 0.3 part of isooctanol. Wherein, the modifier is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-3 (OP-3), Mannich alkali and dipentate iron according to the weight ratio of 10: 1: 3 in mass ratio.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Example 6:
a clean environment-friendly diesel oil comprises 97 wt% of diesel oil and 3 wt% of liquid nano detergent. The liquid nano detergent comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 10 parts of base oil, 0.02 part of isooctyl nitrate, 1 part of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, 0.02 part of modifier and 2.5 parts of isooctanol. Wherein, the modifier is nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-3 (OP-3), Mannich alkali and dipentane iron according to the weight ratio of 12: 1: 4 in mass ratio.
The preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
To further illustrate the essence of the present invention, the inventors conducted tests.
Blank sample: the gas station of the market is national six standard diesel oil.
Sample 1: clean diesel of example 1 of the invention.
Sample 2: clean diesel of example 2 of the invention.
Sample 3: clean diesel of example 3 of the invention.
Sample 4: clean diesel of example 4 of the invention.
Sample 5: clean diesel of example 5 of the invention.
Sample 6: clean diesel of example 6 of the invention.
And respectively carrying out engine bench test and whole vehicle test on the experimental sample to carry out detection effect and emission index detection.
1. Diesel bench test
The stability test cycle WHSC method is adopted, and the results of the first three times and the average value are counted as follows:
the bench test of the diesel oil shows that under different rotating speeds, the torque and the power are increased under the condition of clean and environment-friendly diesel oil, the torque is increased, the acceleration force is increased, the acceleration performance is reflected on the performance of the automobile, the climbing capacity is increased, the bearing capacity is increased, the larger the power is, the larger the torque is, and the higher the torque of the automobile is. (power n torque speed) shows that the overall dynamic performance of the clean environment-friendly diesel oil is improved by 1% compared with that of the common diesel oil from a bench test. In conclusion, the overall test and the bench test show that: the clean environment-friendly diesel oil can achieve the effects of saving energy, protecting environment and improving power.
2. Complete vehicle experiment
Under the same bench test condition, the working conditions are the same, after the oil consumption and the carbon monoxide emission per hundred kilometers are tested, the average values of the oil consumption and the carbon monoxide emission of blank diesel oil and No. 1-6 diesel oil samples are calculated and compared as follows:
compared with the common diesel oil (blank sample), the clean environment-friendly diesel oil (samples 1-6) has the advantages that the oil consumption is reduced by 1.87 percent, and the emission of carbon monoxide is reduced by 15.21 percent.
Meanwhile, the phenomenon of black smoke is obviously weakened.
3. Experiment on transport ship
A transport ship: the water discharge amount is 6500 tons, and the rotation speed of the tail shaft of the main engine is controlled below 230 revolutions.
The carrier consumed 28.8 tons in total from 2019.2.20 refuelling (sample 1)32 tons to 2019.2.25 tons, averaging 3.7 tons per voyage. According to the statistics before the navigation, the average oil consumption per navigation is 4.2 tons by using blank diesel oil (before the diesel oil detergent is added). In addition, the ship shows that the engine has no abnormal condition and obviously saves oil, the power is obviously increased, the noise of the engine is reduced, and the color of discharged smoke is obviously reduced after the product is used.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.