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CN1027458C - Aluminum-magnesium-copper-rare earth alloy and preparation of automobile body plate thereof - Google Patents

Aluminum-magnesium-copper-rare earth alloy and preparation of automobile body plate thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1027458C
CN1027458C CN 92111769 CN92111769A CN1027458C CN 1027458 C CN1027458 C CN 1027458C CN 92111769 CN92111769 CN 92111769 CN 92111769 A CN92111769 A CN 92111769A CN 1027458 C CN1027458 C CN 1027458C
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alloy
rare earth
billet
rolled
room temperature
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 92111769
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CN1072731A (en
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孙孝华
汪明朴
涂远军
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Central South University
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Central South University
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Abstract

The aluminum-magnesium-copper-rare earth alloy vehicle body plate is prepared by mixing aluminum-magnesium-copper-rare earth alloy according to a certain component ratio, casting the mixture into a billet after smelting, and then preparing the vehicle body plate through homogenization, hot rolling, cold rolling, solution treatment and fine leveling. The alloy sheet material has medium strength and high plasticity and is sigma in a natural aging statebIs 280MPa and sigma0.2110MPa delta of 30-33.6%, excellent formability for stamping vehicle body, and baking finish treatment sigmabIs 330MPa, sigma0.2140MPa, delta of 28 percent and HB of 73 percent, and has stronger indentation resistance and collision resistance. The alloy plate has high yield and has the same corrosion resistance and welding performance as LF-5 antirust aluminum alloy.

Description

Producing method for aluminium-magnesium-copper-rare earth alloy and plate of car-body thereof
The production method that the present invention relates to rare earth aluminium alloy and make wagon sheet.
Traditional wagon sheet (containing vehicles such as car, passenger vehicle, truck) is to be stamped to form with mild steel plate, and it has medium tenacity and splendid formability, and its shortcoming is than great, and solidity to corrosion is poor.Along with developing of automobile industry, automobile, particularly car lightweight problem have become the important topic that world car is already studied.Because the light specific gravity of aluminum alloy plate materials helps improving the speed of a motor vehicle and fuel saving, part replaces mild steel plate making vehicle body.Day disclosure special permission (A) flat 3-72050 discloses the aluminium alloy against corrosion that a kind of Al-Si-Mg-rare earth frame of motorcycle is used.This alloy is a JISA6000 series, and wherein Mg content is 0.35~1.5%, and silicone content is 0.20~1.8%, and contains one or more rare earths that total amount is 0.05~0.50% lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium or ytterbium, and surplus is an aluminium.This alloy is used for bike, the motorcycle under corrosive environment and the repeated stress condition, the frame material of automobile.Yet siliceous in this alloy composition, easily assemble at the crystal boundary place, grow up to thick acicular particle, this is the source that forms crackle, thereby its comprehensive process performance is quite poor, and especially unit elongation is relatively poor, and formability is not good enough.
Task of the present invention is a kind of car body of aluminum alloy sheet material with medium tenacity, good stretching plastic, erosion resistance, weldability and hot and cold processing characteristics of development, to adapt to the needs of automobile industry development.
Aluminium alloy plate material component of the present invention is 3.5~6.0%Mg, 0.2~0.9%Cu, 0.01~1.0%RE(mishmetal), and 0.005~0.01%Be, 0.01~0.2%Ti, 0.005~0.05%B trace element, surplus is aluminium and unavoidable impurities.Here all the components all is weight percentage, and so-called sheet material is meant that thickness is the material material of 0.3~3.0mm, to be different from foil.
In the alloy of the present invention, magnesium and copper mainly play the solution strengthening effect, and copper can also CuMgAl simultaneously 2With CuAl 2Mode precipitate and produce certain age hardening, effect is obvious in the time of especially in baking vanish.Generally increase with Mg content, tensile strength increases, when Mg content 4.6% between 5.2% the time, its unit elongation shows maximum value; Copper content increases, and tensile strength also increases, and when copper content is between 0.4~0.6% the time, its unit elongation shows maximum value.With the increase of Mg, Cu content, σ bThe speed that increases is greater than σ 0.2, this means that alloy has good formability.Because Mg, Cu show as solution strengthening, therefore, to this alloy fully solid solution be necessary, to avoid occurring thick Mg 2Al 3, CuAl 2And CuMgAl 3Convenience on considering to produce, fully solid solution can be carried out when homogenizing, and the hot rolling of lowering the temperature immediately, and in follow-up solid solution treatment process, solution time is very short, so that continuous production.
Add among mishmetal (rich cerium or lanthanum rich mischmetal) or single rare earth La, Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm, Eu, the Dy one or more in the alloy of the present invention, its total amount should be best 0.2%.Add the existing way that the rare earth purpose is crystal grain thinning, degasification and improves harmful elements such as Fe, Si.Metal 5000 of the present invention is an alloy, is in the alloy 5000 generally, and Fe, Si are many with Fe 3Al, Al(Fe, Mn) mode of Si exists, and easily be gathered into thick acicular particle at the crystal boundary place, this is the source of crackle, thereby has reduced the plasticity of alloy.The adding of rare earth can make Fe 3Al, Al(Fe, Mn) Si particle refinement and nodularization, disperse is distributed in intracrystalline, has reduced the crackle source, has improved intensity and plasticity.Interpolation microelement Ti, B also can play the crystal grain thinning effect, and its addition the best is 0.05%Ti, 0.01%B.The interpolation of rare earth and these trace elements makes alloy average grain size of the present invention less than 40 μ, thereby has improved the intensity and the plasticity of alloy.
The addition of beryllium is very little, and being generally 0.005~0.01%(the best is 0.005%), its objective is to stop oxygen excessively to invade melt and cause oxidation, thereby improve the alloy cast ingot performance.
The preparation of this sheet alloy, should follow following production process:
(1) founding: fusion casting is adopted in the preparation of alloy, aluminium is the technical pure aluminium ingot, and magnesium is the technical pure magnesium ingot, and the easy oxidation of magnesium should be pressed into melt by proportioning in batches, copper adopts Al-50%Cu master alloy form to add by proportioning, and all the other elements all form by proportioning with master alloy and add.Promptly when melting, rare earth can adopt Al-rare earth intermediate alloy (being generally Al mishmetal or Al-single rare earth) form to add.Titanium and boron then add with the form of Al-5Ti-1B.Cast billet behind the alloy melting, casting can be adopted water-cooled continuous casting or water-cooled semicontinuous casting.
(2) homogenizing, hot rolling: can adopt that any carries out in following 4 kinds of methods.
(1) billet in 400~480 ℃ of single equalizing temperature 2-24h, is rolled into slab immediately after milling face or planing surface, and hardening or high wind are cooled to room temperature.
(2) billet is after milling face or planing surface, in 400~520 ℃ of classifications heating (temperature from low to high, as 440 ℃ of 4h+500 ℃ of 4h) homogenizing 2-24h, is cooled to 400~480 ℃ immediately and is rolled into slab, and hardening or high wind are cooled to room temperature.
(3) billet is quenched to room temperature water earlier through 400~480 ℃ of single equalizing temperature 2-24h, mill face or planing surface after, be heated rapidly to 400~480 ℃ and be rolled into slab, shrend or high wind are cooled to room temperature.
(4) billet is quenched to room temperature water earlier through 400~520 ℃ of classification homogenizing 2-24h.Mill face or planing surface, be heated rapidly to 400~480 ℃ again and be rolled into slab, shrend or high wind cool to room temperature.
(3) cold rolling: the slab after hot rolling can be cold-rolled to required size, in the cold-rolled process, can carry out the process annealing of several times (being generally 2 times)<520 ℃, 5~30min, annealing will be taked rapid heating, the annealing postcooling can adopt shrend or high wind cooling or air cooling, before thickness of slab>1.7mm, the annealing postcooling preferably adopts shrend or high wind cooling.
(4) solution treatment: be solid-solubilized in<530 ℃ carry out, soaking time is 1min-1h.When generally solid solubility temperature was between 500 ℃~530 ℃, soaking time can be lacked (about one minute), so solution treatment can be taked continuous production.The solid solution postcooling can adopt spray quenching or high wind cooling or air cooling.In general, speed of cooling more slowly, alloy strength is high, unit elongation slightly reduces, but is not less than δ=30%.
(5) smart flat: as after solution treatment, to carry out the flat processing of essence.
Behind above-mentioned five processes, can obtain the good sheet material that is applicable to the production body of a motor car of intensity and plasticity tool.For borrowing, its lay up period alloy property is stable with the natural aging attitude for this sheet material, if can obtain the reinforcement of 40~50MPa intensity increment through baking vanish ageing treatment (170~200 ℃).
The present invention has following advantage: this sheet alloy has medium tenacity and high plasticity, at natural aging attitude σ b=280MPa, σ 0.2=110MPa, δ=30~33.6% are used for the punching press vehicle body has splendid formability.σ after baking vanish is handled b=330MPa, σ 0.2=140MPa, δ=28%, HB=73 has certain resistance to compression trace ability and anti-collision ability.This alloy has splendid hot and cold processing characteristics simultaneously, cracking phenomena do not occur, the lumber recovery height, and and the LF-5 corrosion-resisting aluminium have corrosion resistance and the welding property that is equal to.
Embodiment:
Example 1 is as embodiment of alloy of the present invention, and its composition is (weight percent) Mg-5.0%, Cu-0.5%, Ce-0.2%(Ce adds with the master alloy of Al-10%Ce), Ti-0.05%, B-0.01%, Be-0.005%, Al-surplus.
Behind the alloy melting, the water cooled mo(u)ld ingot casting digs skin, in 440 ℃ of homogenizing 8h, be warming up to 480 ℃ of homogenizing 4h, be cooled to 470 ℃, be hot-rolled down to 5mm, hardening cooling, cold rolling chamber 3mm, quickly heat up to 500 ℃ of insulation 10min annealing, the hardening cooling is cold-rolled to 1.7mm, be rapidly heated once more to 500 ℃ of insulation 10min, the cold rolling again one-tenth of hardening or air cooling 1mm thickness plate, at last in 530 ℃ of solid solution 1min, the hardening cooling.Following table has been listed institute's ergometry performance, for also having listed 175 ℃ of timeliness 1h(baking vanish in the contrast table) after mechanical properties value.
(table is seen the literary composition back)
Example 2 as its composition of another embodiment (weight percent) of alloy of the present invention is: Mg-4.6%, Cu-0.5%, mishmetal-0.2%(mishmetal adds with the master alloy of Al-10%RE, and the mishmetal composition is Ce-53%, La-30%, Nd-11%, Pr-5%, Sm-0.9%, Eu-0.1%); Ti-0.05%, B-0.01%, Be-0.005%, Al-surplus.
Behind the alloy melting, the water cooled mo(u)ld ingot casting, dig skin,, and be hot-rolled down to the cooling of 5mm hardening in 460 ℃ in 460 ℃ of homogenizing 10h.Cold rolling then, when being cold-rolled to 3mm, 1.7mm, in each annealing of 500 ℃ of 10min once, quench in water or air cooling, continue to be cold-rolled to 1mm again.Again in 530 ℃ of solid solution 1min, be cooled to room temperature under the high wind subsequently.
Its natural aging attitude mechanical properties value is:
σ b(MPa) σ 0.2(MPa) r is compared in δ (%) work hardening exponent n viscous deformation
300 128 32 0.30 0.68
Example 3 tables 1 have been listed several alloys (its composition all is weight percentage) and mechanical properties value (table 2) thereof, and all alloys are after founding, in 400 ℃ of homogenizing 8h, be warming up to 480 ℃ of homogenizing 4h again, skin is dug in shrend, be rapidly heated again to 450 ℃ and be hot-rolled down to 3mm, the shrend cooling.Be cold-rolled to 1.7mm, be rapidly heated again, shrend cooling, cold rolling one-tenth 1mm thickness plate to 500 ℃ of 10min insulation annealings.In 530 ℃ of solid solution 1min, hardening is cooled off at last, and natural aging attitude ergometry performance number is listed in table 2.
Hardness (HB) σ b(MPa) σ 0.2(MPa) r is compared in δ (%) work hardening exponent n viscous deformation
Natural aging-290 114 33.6 0.31 0.70
170℃1h 73 330 141 28.0 - -
Artificial aging (baking vanish)
Table 1
№ Mg Cu Ce La Nd Pr Sm Eu Dy Ti B Be Al
1 4.5 0.5 0.1 0.06 0.02 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.005 0.05 0.01 0.005
Surplus in the of 2 4.8 0.5 0.1 0.06 0.02 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.005 0.05 0.01 0.005
3 4.7 0.4 0.15 0.09 0.03 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.007 0.05 0.01 0.005 amounts
4 5.0 0.8 0.1 0.06 0.002 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.005 0.05 0.01 0.005
5 5.2 0.6 0.15 0.09 0.03 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.007 0.05 0.01 -
Table 2
№ σ b(MPa) σ 0.2(MPa) δ(%)
1 275 110 32%
2 280 112 33%
3 270 106 33.5%
4 297 120 31%
5 292 118 32%

Claims (3)

1, a kind of aluminium-magnesium-copper-rare earth alloy, it is characterized in that alloying constituent (weight percent) is 3.5~6.0%Mg, 0.2~0.9%Cu, 0.01~1.0%RE (one or more among mishmetal or single rare earth La, Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm, Eu, the Dy), 0.005~0.01%Be, 0.01~0.2%Ti, 0.005~0.05%B, surplus is Al and unavoidable impurities.
2, alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that alloy optimal components (weight percent) is any or two or more of 4.6~5.2%Mg, 0.4~0.6%Cu, 0.2%RE(mishmetal or single rare earth Ce, La, Nd, Pr, Sm, Eu, Dy), 0.005%Be, 0.05%Ti, 0.01%B.Surplus is Al and unavoidable impurities.
3, a kind of preparation of alloy wagon sheet as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it comprises alloy casting, homogenizing, hot rolling, cold rolling, solution treatment, smart flat operation, described alloy casting operation, press proportioning except that Al, Mg, adopt the master alloy form of Al-50%Cu, Al-rare earth (mishmetal or single rare earth), Al-5Ti-1B to add, cast billet after the melting, the flat operation of described essence, be after the sheet alloy solution treatment, to carry out the flat processing of essence, it is characterized in that:
1) described homogenizing, hot rolling are to carry out after alloy melting is cast billet, and homogenizing, hot rolling can be adopted in following four kinds of methods any:
1. billet in 400~480 ℃ of single equalizing temperature 2-24h, is rolled into slab immediately after milling face or planing surface, and hardening or high wind are cooled to room temperature;
2. billet is after milling face or planing surface, and in 400~520 ℃ of classification heating, temperature is (as 440 ℃ of 4h+500 ℃ of 4h) homogenizing 2-2h from low to high, is cooled to 400~480 ℃ immediately and is rolled into slab, and hardening or high wind are cooled to room temperature;
3. billet light is quenched to room temperature water through 400~480 ℃ of single equalizing temperature 2-2h, mill face or planing surface after, be heated rapidly to 400~480 ℃ and be rolled into slab, shrend or high wind are cooled to room temperature;
4. billet is quenched to room temperature water earlier through 400~520 ℃ of classification homogenizing 2-24h, mills face or planing surface, is heated rapidly to 400~480 ℃ again and is rolled into slab, shrend or high wind cool to room temperature;
2) described cold rolling, be that slab after hot rolling carries out can carrying out being cold-rolled to required size less than 520 ℃, the process annealing of 5~30min several times when cold rolling, the annealing postcooling can adopt shrend or high wind cooling or air cooling;
3) described solution treatment is that sheet alloy generally carries out solution treatment, the available spray quenching of the cooling after the solid solution or high wind cooling or air cooling at 500~530 ℃, insulation 1mon~1h after cold rolling.
CN 92111769 1992-12-16 1992-12-16 Aluminum-magnesium-copper-rare earth alloy and preparation of automobile body plate thereof Expired - Fee Related CN1027458C (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2851579B1 (en) * 2003-02-26 2005-04-01 Pechiney Rhenalu METHOD OF PADDING WITH ALLOY PARTS A1-Mg
CN105132851A (en) * 2015-09-06 2015-12-09 南京理工技术转移中心有限公司 Alloy skeleton of robot
CN105838860B (en) * 2015-12-28 2017-08-01 雄邦压铸(南通)有限公司 Damping heat treatment method before new-energy automobile
CN105567934B (en) * 2015-12-28 2017-07-07 雄邦压铸(南通)有限公司 New-energy automobile bodyshell heat treatment method
CN106591751A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-04-26 西南铝业(集团)有限责任公司 2060 alloy intermediate annealing process method
CN113249623B (en) * 2021-06-16 2022-07-26 广西隆林利通线缆科技有限公司 Aluminum-magnesium alloy wire and preparation method thereof
CN114058915A (en) * 2021-10-29 2022-02-18 安徽省恒泰动力科技有限公司 Rare earth doped aluminum-magnesium alloy product and preparation process thereof

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