CN102065857A - 决奈达隆或其可药用盐在制备用于调节血钾水平的药物中的用途 - Google Patents
决奈达隆或其可药用盐在制备用于调节血钾水平的药物中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
决奈达隆或其可药用盐在制备用于调节血钾水平的药物中的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及决奈达隆或其可药用盐在制备用于调节血钾水平的药物中的用途。
背景技术
在欧洲专利EP 0 471 609B1中描述了2-正丁基-3-[4-(3-二正丁基氨基丙氧基)苯甲酰基]-5-甲基磺酰氨基苯并呋喃或者决奈达隆(dronedarone),以及它们的可药用盐。
决奈达隆阻断钾、钠和钙离子通道,并且具有抗肾上腺素能性质。
决奈达隆是一种抗心律失常药,其有效维持呈现出心房颤动(atrial fibrillation)或者心房扑动(atrial flutter)的患者的窦性心律(sinus rhythm)。
具体地,该离子是主要的渗压活性细胞内离子(osmoticallt active intracellular ion),并且在细胞内容量的调节中起着重要作用。
恒定和稳定的钾离子浓度对于酶系统的功能以及良好的生长和细胞分裂是重要的。
钾有助于建立细胞膜的静息电位,因此,钾离子浓度的变化(特别是在细胞外隔室中)对神经、肌肉和心脏系统中的细胞兴奋性具有影响。
钾离子浓度的降低已知提高了心室水平的心脏超兴奋性,这可导致严重的、潜在致命的节律失常。
钾离子浓度降低的有害作用已经在不同的临床表现中得到证实。
例如,在患有心力衰竭的患者中,钾离子浓度的降低能够导致致命的节律失常;具有″保钾(potassium sparing)″效果的利尿药已经证明了在这种群体中的有益效果。
在剧烈体力运动的突然停止后发生的钾离子浓度迅速降低也可以引起某些猝死(sudden death)。
术语″猝死″或者″心脏性猝死″通常是指在出现新的症状后一小时内或者少于一小时内发生的死亡,或者无预兆的意外死亡。
在用抗精神病药治疗的患者的猝死中和在急性酒精戒除综合征中已经提及了钾离子浓度降低的可能作用。
钾离子摄取降低的饮食习惯可以导致易患个体(甚至没有任何结构性心脏病理学)的猝死。
在接受抗心律失常药如索他洛尔治疗(该治疗延长细胞复极化的持续时间)的患者中,致命的心脏超兴奋性的危险特别高。这些药剂实际上可以诱导尖端扭转型室性心动过速(torsade de pointe),这是一种严重的和潜在致命的室性心动过速。钾离子浓度的降低促进了尖端扭转型室性心动过速。
最后,已经显示,钾离子浓度的降低诱导了心房颤动(Manoach M.,J.Mol.Cell.Cardiol.,1998,30(6):A4[8])。
潜在致命的心脏节律失常危险高的另一种临床表现是用利尿药治疗的患者的特征,这些药物(其在许多适应症中广泛用作处方药,最常见的是动脉高血压,还有心力衰竭、肾功能不全、肾病综合征、肝硬化和青光眼)使患者暴露于钾离子浓度降低的危险(除了″保钾″利尿药之外)。
在用利尿药治疗后钾离子浓度降低的并发症可为猝死,特别是在呈现出心脏收缩功能损害或者左心室功能障碍的患者中或者在心肌梗塞后。
因此,钾离子浓度的调节能够起着重要的有益作用,特别是在需要抗心律失常治疗(对于心房颤动)的患者群体和可能具有其它危险因素的患者群体中。
利尿药由于在治疗多种病症(例如动脉高血压、充血性心力衰竭、肾功能不全、肾病综合征、肝硬化或者青光眼)中的功效,因此被广泛用作处方药。
基于利尿药(除了保钾利尿药之外)的治疗的一个主要结果是钾排泄增加,这可以导致低钾血症(hypokalaemia)。
现在,低钾血症已知提高了心脏兴奋性,这在某些患者中导致室性心律失常和猝死(Cooper等人,Circulation,1999,100,第1311-1315页)。
迄今为止,在治疗中,还没有抗心律失常药对血钾水平的调节呈现出作用。
发明内容
本发明的主题是决奈达隆或其可药用盐在制备用于调节血钾水平的药物中的用途,特别是用于预防和/或治疗低钾血症,尤其是在具有心房颤动或者心房扑动历史的患者中和/或接受基于利尿药的治疗(特别是基于非保钾利尿药的治疗)的患者中。
所述利尿药以选自1mg/天至2g/天之间的治疗活性剂量给药。
在决奈达隆的可药用盐中,可以提及的是决奈达隆的盐酸盐。
术语″非保钾利尿药″意在表示增加钾排泄的利尿药。
还应该指出的是,表述″具有心房颤动或者心房扑动的历史″或者″具有突发性或者持续性的心房颤动或者心房扑动″或者″具有心房颤动或者心房扑动的历史,或者正具有心房扑动或者心房颤动″意思是患者在使用决奈达隆或其可药用盐时在过去发生过一次或者多次心房颤动或者扑动和/或正在发作心房颤动或者心房扑动。
更具体地,在过去发生过一次或者多次心房颤动或者心房扑动的患者可以在随机分配以前至少三个月或者更久时发作的,例如在三个月至六个月之间。
可将低钾血症定义为钾离子[K+]浓度低于3mmol/L。
在具有心房颤动或者心房扑动历史的患者中,也可以提及还呈现出下列危险因素中的至少一种的患者:
-年龄等于或者大于70,或者甚至大于75,
-高血压,
-糖尿病,
-脑中风或者全身性栓塞的历史,
-左房直径大于或者等于50mm(通过超声心动描记术测量),
-左心室射血分数小于40%(通过二维超声描记术测量)。
在具有心房颤动或者心房扑动历史的患者中,也可以提及还呈现出另外的危险因素(即,下列病理学中的至少一种)的患者:
-高血压,
-潜在的结构性心脏病,
-心动过速,
-冠状动脉疾病,
-非风湿性心脏瓣膜疾病,
-缺血来源的扩张型心肌病(dilated cardiomyopathy of ischemic origin),
-心房颤动或者扑动的切除,例如导管切除或者心内膜心肌切除,
-不同于心房颤动或者扑动的室上性心动过速,
-心脏瓣膜外科手术历史,
-非缺血性扩张型心肌病,
-肥厚型心肌病,
-风湿性瓣膜疾病,
-持续室性心动过速,
-先天性心脏病,
-用于心动过速而不是心房颤动或者扑动的切除,例如导管切除,
-心室颤动,
和/或至少一种选自以下的心脏设备:
-心脏刺激器,
-可植入除颤器(“ICD”)。
表述″调节血钾水平″意在表示预防所述水平降低或者可能升高。
非保钾利尿药的主要类别是:
-噻嗪利尿药,
-髓袢利尿药(loop diuretics),
-近端利尿药(渗透药,碳酸酐酶抑制剂)。
由于决奈达隆及其可药用盐具有治疗用途,通常将决奈达隆及其可药用盐引入到药物组合物中。
这些药物组合物含有有效剂量的决奈达隆或其可药用盐,以及至少一种可药用赋形剂。
所述赋形剂根据药物形式和期望的给药方法从本领域技术人员已知的常用赋形剂选择。
在用于口服、舌下、皮下、肌内、静脉内、表面(topical)、局部(local)、气管内、鼻内、经皮或者直肠给药的所述药物组合物中,可以将决奈达隆或其盐在上述情况中作为与常规药物赋形剂的混合物以单位给药形式给药于动物和人类。
适合的单位给药形式包括用于口服给药的形式,例如片剂、软胶囊剂、硬胶囊剂、粉末剂、颗粒剂和口服溶液剂或者混悬剂;舌下、含服、气管内、眼内或者鼻内给药形式、吸入、表面、经皮、皮下、肌内或者静脉内给药形式、直肠给药形式和埋植剂(implants)。对于表面施用,可将决奈达隆及其可药用盐以乳膏、凝胶、软膏或者洗剂的形式使用。
例如,决奈达隆或其可药用盐的片剂形式的单位给药形式可以对应于下列实例之一:
| 成分 | mg | % |
| 决奈达隆盐酸盐(相当于400mg的碱) | 426 | 65.5 |
| 甲基羟丙基纤维素 | 21.1 | 3.25 |
| 乳糖一水合物 | 46.55 | 7.2 |
| 玉米淀粉 | 45.5 | 7 |
| 聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮 | 65 | 10 |
| 泊洛沙姆407(Poloxamer 407) | 40 | 6.15 |
| 无水胶态二氧化硅 | 2.6 | 0.4 |
| 硬脂酸镁 | 3.25 | 0.5 |
| 650 | 100 |
| 成分 | mg | % |
| 决奈达隆盐酸盐(相当于400mg的碱) | 426 | 65.5 |
| 微晶纤维素 | 65 | 10 |
| 无水胶态二氧化硅 | 2.6 | 0.4 |
| 无水乳糖 | 42.65 | 6.6 |
| 聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮 | 13 | 2 |
| 泊洛沙姆407 | 40 | 6.15 |
| Macrogol 6000 | 57.5 | 8.85 |
| 硬脂酸镁 | 3.25 | 0.5 |
| 650 | 100 |
| 成分 | mg |
| 决奈达隆盐酸盐(相当于400mg的碱) | 426 |
| 微晶纤维素 | 26 |
| 玉米淀粉 | 45.5 |
| 聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮 | 65 |
| 泊洛沙姆407 | 40 |
| 无水胶态二氧化硅 | 3.25 |
| 硬脂酸镁 | 3.25 |
| 乳糖一水合物 | 41.65 |
| 650 |
| 成分 | mg |
| 决奈达隆盐酸盐(相当于400mg的碱) | 213 |
| 微晶纤维素 | 13 |
| 玉米淀粉 | 22.75 |
| 聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮 | 32.5 |
| 泊洛沙姆407 | 20 |
| 无水胶态二氧化硅 | 1.3 |
| 硬脂酸镁 | 1.625 |
| 乳糖一水合物 | 20.825 |
| 650 |
每天口服给药的决奈达隆剂量可以达到800mg,分一次或者多次摄入。
更具体地,给药的决奈达隆可以与食物一起摄入。
更具体地,每天口服给药的决奈达隆剂量可以达到800mg,分两次与膳食一起摄入。
每天口服给药的决奈达隆剂量可以以每天两次的频率与膳食如早餐和晚餐一起摄入。
更具体地,所述两次摄入可以包含相同的决奈达隆量。
可以存在这样的具体情况,即,其中较高或者较低剂量是适合的;这些剂量不偏离本发明的上下文。根据惯例,对每位患者而言适合的剂量由医师根据给药方法、体重、病理学、体表(body surface)、心输出量和所述患者的响应确定。
根据另一方面,本发明还涉及治疗上面指出的病理学的方法,其包括给予患者有效剂量的决奈达隆或其可药用盐。
附图说明
通过下文中的数据并参照附图说明本发明,其中:
图1示出历时30个月的期限在第一次给药和最后一次给药之间钾的平均改变量(mean variation)。
具体实施方式
通过决奈达隆盐酸盐,在预期的,多民族的,多中心的,双盲临床研究中,在具有心房颤动或者心房扑动历史的患者的两个治疗组(用决奈达隆盐酸盐治疗的组和用安慰剂治疗的组)中随机分配,证实了决奈达隆及其可药用盐与安慰剂相比在预防心血管住院治疗或者预防死亡中的效力。
I.患者选择
入选的患者必须具有心房颤动或者扑动历史和/或能够呈正常窦性心律或者心房颤动或者扑动。
患者的征集考虑了以下选择标准:
选择标准:
1)必须存在下列危险因素之一:
-年龄等于或者大于70,或者甚至大于75,可能组合有下列危险因素中的至少一种:
○高血压(正在服用至少两种不同种类的抗高血压药),
○糖尿病,
○脑中风(短暂缺血事件或者完全脑中风)历史或者全身性栓塞历史,
○超声心动描记术测量的左房直径大于或者等于50mm,
○二维超声描记术测量的左心室射血分数小于40%;
2)存在过去的6个月期间得到的心电图,以证明心房颤动或者扑动的存在或者历史;
3)存在过去的6个月期间得到的心电图,以证明正常窦性心律的存在或者历史。
II.持续时间和治疗
使用含有安慰剂或者一定量决奈达隆盐酸盐(相当于400mg决奈达隆)的片剂开始治疗,给药速率为:早晨一片(在早餐期间或者在早餐刚刚结束后)和晚上一片(在晚餐期间或者在晚餐刚刚结束后)。
治疗的预期持续时间根据每个患者加入研究的时间是可变的,可以从12个月的最小值(对于最后加入的患者)至相当于整个研究持续时间的最大值(12月+征集持续时间),即,约30月(对于最初加入的患者)。
III.结果
III.1.血钾水平的调节
借助于在整个研究持续期间在监测生命参数(vital parameters)的过程中采取的常规血样的分析结果,该项研究清楚地证明了钾离子浓度调节作用。
在该项研究中,在第一次给药和最后一次给药之间的钾离子变化(以mmol/l计)示于图1,其中B表示基础水平,D表示天数以及M表示月数。
在考虑第24个月后该项研究的起始值时,与安慰剂相比,对决奈达隆而言,血钾水平变化的协方差分显示出显著差别(p<0.0001)。
因此,决奈达隆可用于调节血钾水平。
III.2.与在研究中还接受了基于利尿药的治疗的患者相关的结果
研究的临床结果确证了调节钾降低了猝死危险的假设,特别是在暴露于被给予利尿药治疗恶化的钾降低危险的患者中:与安慰剂相比,由决奈达隆导致的猝死危险降低(即,预防猝死)在服用利尿药的患者中约为70.4%,在未服用利尿药的患者中约为34%。
而且,在易于用利尿药治疗的患者(例如高血压患者)组中,危险降低较大,其中危险降低约为62%,相比之下,在非高血压患者中观察到约45.5%的降低。
III.3.与低钾血症相关的结果
使用Fischer′s精确实验比较了患有低钾血症的患者的数目。
将低钾血症定义为钾离子[K+]浓度低于3mmol/L。
在包含在安慰剂组中并且在研究期间测量了钾的2297位患者中,从随机化时直到最后的给药,26位患者患有低钾血症,即,1.1%。
在包含在决奈达隆盐酸盐治疗组中并且在研究期间测量了钾的2255位患者中,从随机化时直到最后的给药,14位患者患有低钾血症,即,0.6%。
Claims (7)
1.决奈达隆或其可药用盐在制备用于调节血钾水平的药物中的用途。
2.权利要求1用途,其用于制备用于预防和/或治疗低钾血症的药物。
3.权利要求1和2中的任意一项的用途,其特征在于被治疗的患者具有心房颤动或者心房扑动历史。
4.权利要求1-3中的任意一项的用途,其特征在于所述患者接受基于利尿药的治疗。
5.前述权利要求中的任意一项的用途,其特征在于所述患者还呈现出下列危险因素中的至少一种:
-年龄,
-高血压,
-糖尿病,
-脑中风历史或者全身性栓塞历史,
-超声心动描记术测量的左房内径大于或者等于50mm,
-二维超声描记术测量的左心室射血分数小于40%。
6.前述权利要求中的任意一项的用途,其特征在于所述患者还呈现出另外的危险因素,即,下列病理学中的至少一种:
-高血压,
-潜在的结构性心脏病,
-心动过速,
-冠状动脉疾病,
-非风湿性心脏瓣膜疾病,
-缺血来源的扩张型心肌病,
-心房颤动或者扑动的导管切除,
-不同于心房颤动或者扑动的室上性心动过速,
-瓣膜外科手术历史,
-非缺血性扩张型心肌病,
-肥厚型心肌病,
-风湿性瓣膜疾病,
-持续室性心动过速,
-先天性心脏病,
-用于心动过速而不是心房颤动或者扑动的导管切除,
-心室颤动,
和/或至少一种选自以下的心脏设备:
-心脏刺激器,
-可植入除颤器(“ICD”)。
7.前述权利要求中的任意一项的用途,其特征在于每天口服给药的决奈达隆剂量可以达到800mg,分一次或者多次摄取。
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| US4599508P | 2008-04-18 | 2008-04-18 | |
| US61/045,995 | 2008-04-18 | ||
| FR0803525 | 2008-06-24 | ||
| FR0803525A FR2930150B1 (fr) | 2008-06-24 | 2008-06-24 | Utilisation de la dronedarone pour la preparation d'un medicament destine a reguler le taux de potassium dans le sang |
| PCT/IB2009/005605 WO2009144551A2 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2009-04-16 | Use of dronedarone or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, for the preparation of a medicament for regulating the potassium level in the blood |
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| CN104487068A (zh) * | 2012-05-22 | 2015-04-01 | 赛诺菲 | 用于利什曼病的决奈达隆、用于利什曼病的配制剂和组合 |
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| WO2009144550A2 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2009-12-03 | Sanofi-Aventis | Use of dronedarone for the preparation of a medicament for use in the prevention of cardiovascular hospitalization or of mortality |
| FR2930149B1 (fr) * | 2008-04-17 | 2011-02-18 | Sanofi Aventis | Association de dronedarone avec au moins un diuretique, son application en therapeutique |
| FR2930150B1 (fr) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-01-14 | Sanofi Aventis | Utilisation de la dronedarone pour la preparation d'un medicament destine a reguler le taux de potassium dans le sang |
| EP2116239A1 (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2009-11-11 | Sanofi-Aventis | Method for managing the risks associated with an increase in serum creatinine during dronedarone treatment |
| US8602215B2 (en) | 2010-06-30 | 2013-12-10 | Sanofi | Methods for reducing the risk of an adverse dronedarone/beta-blockers interaction in a patient suffering from atrial fibrillation |
| WO2013024411A1 (en) | 2011-08-12 | 2013-02-21 | Lupin Limited | Co-milled formulation of dronedarone |
| TWI732489B (zh) * | 2020-03-17 | 2021-07-01 | 國防醫學院 | 應用心電圖快速偵測鉀離子異常之方法及其系統 |
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| US4988513A (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1991-01-29 | Monsanto Company | Method of treating hypokalemia |
| EP1782829A1 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2007-05-09 | Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Preventive and/or remedy for hyperkalemia containing ep4 agonist |
| US20070248564A1 (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2007-10-25 | Roxane Laboratories, Inc. | Formulation of sodium polystyrene sulfonate suspension for the treatment of hyperkalemia |
| FR2930148A1 (fr) * | 2008-04-17 | 2009-10-23 | Sanofi Aventis Sa | Utilisation de la dronedarone pour la preparation d'un medicament destine a la prevention de l'hospitalisation cardiovasculaire ou de la mortalite |
| FR2930149B1 (fr) * | 2008-04-17 | 2011-02-18 | Sanofi Aventis | Association de dronedarone avec au moins un diuretique, son application en therapeutique |
| FR2930150B1 (fr) * | 2008-06-24 | 2011-01-14 | Sanofi Aventis | Utilisation de la dronedarone pour la preparation d'un medicament destine a reguler le taux de potassium dans le sang |
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- 2010-10-15 ZA ZA2010/07391A patent/ZA201007391B/en unknown
- 2010-10-15 CO CO10128693A patent/CO6260065A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-10-18 EC EC2010010553A patent/ECSP10010553A/es unknown
- 2010-11-03 MA MA33319A patent/MA32356B1/fr unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104487068A (zh) * | 2012-05-22 | 2015-04-01 | 赛诺菲 | 用于利什曼病的决奈达隆、用于利什曼病的配制剂和组合 |
| CN104487068B (zh) * | 2012-05-22 | 2018-09-11 | 赛诺菲 | 用于利什曼病的决奈达隆、用于利什曼病的配制剂和组合 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CL2009000919A1 (es) | 2010-04-09 |
| NI201000173A (es) | 2011-07-20 |
| US20110124724A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
| FR2930150B1 (fr) | 2011-01-14 |
| CA2721491A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
| FR2930150A1 (fr) | 2009-10-23 |
| CO6260065A2 (es) | 2011-03-22 |
| WO2009144551A3 (en) | 2010-01-14 |
| BRPI0911198A2 (pt) | 2015-10-13 |
| AU2009252898A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
| PE20091777A1 (es) | 2009-12-04 |
| ZA201007391B (en) | 2012-01-25 |
| TW200946108A (en) | 2009-11-16 |
| JP2011518147A (ja) | 2011-06-23 |
| EA201071209A1 (ru) | 2011-04-29 |
| MX2010011400A (es) | 2010-11-12 |
| SV2010003701A (es) | 2011-01-31 |
| ECSP10010553A (es) | 2010-11-30 |
| IL208751A0 (en) | 2010-12-30 |
| UY31768A (es) | 2009-12-14 |
| EP2280702A2 (en) | 2011-02-09 |
| MA32356B1 (fr) | 2011-06-01 |
| CR11734A (es) | 2010-12-09 |
| WO2009144551A2 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
| KR20100135814A (ko) | 2010-12-27 |
| AR072951A1 (es) | 2010-10-06 |
| DOP2010000300A (es) | 2010-11-15 |
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