CN101165409A - High-efficiency gas generator - Google Patents

Abstract

A high-efficiency gas generating device comprises a gas generating device (1), a gas storage tank (18) and a burner (19), wherein the gas generating device (1) is communicated with the gas storage tank (18), the gas storage tank (18) is communicated with the burner (19), a grate (2) is arranged at the lower part in the gas generating device (1), and a steam nozzle (4) is arranged on the side surface of the gas generating device, and the high-efficiency gas generating device is characterized in that the gas generating device (1) is in a circular table shape. When the coal gas generating device normally works, the flue is closed for closed combustion, and smoke and dust are not discharged to the atmosphere. The generated mixed gas is combusted through a special combustor, is similar to the combustion of pipeline gas, can be regarded as clean combustion, can obviously improve the environment, and is suitable for being used for heating in families, the meal fluid industry, the bath industry and vegetable greenhouses; the method has the advantages of small one-time investment, simple operation, easy maintenance, economy and practicability, and can replace molded coal and liquefied petroleum gas, improve the environment of rooms and small catering industry; the detection of an authoritative department shows that the product is safe, sanitary, convenient and durable. It is suitable for various coal types except anthracite, and can save nearly 43% of coal compared with the conventional small-sized bulk coal stove.

Description

High-efficiency gas generator

technical field

The invention relates to a coal gas generator, in particular to a high-efficiency coal gas generator capable of increasing gas production.

Background technique

At present, small coal-fired stoves are used for heating, cooking, and bathing in bungalows in cities and towns and single-living small buildings in rural areas. Small restaurants and small bathing businesses also use coal-fired stoves as heat sources, which wastes energy and seriously pollutes the environment. Coal accounts for more than 70% of the energy used in the northern region. In order to improve the environment, most of them promote clean fuels and briquettes to solve the problem, but the cost of promoting clean fuels and briquettes is relatively high and the difficulty is not small. As we all know, coal is a very complex solid substance, and its main components are carbon and a small amount of hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and inorganic ash. Utilizing the reaction principle of water gas production, under the conditions of isolation of air or lack of oxygen, the coal is heated to a certain temperature and water vapor is introduced to convert the solid coal into gaseous combustible substances. Low, high coal quality requirements, poor purification effect, difficult to meet the use requirements.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency gas generator that can directly burn raw coal, save energy, reduce pollution, improve the environment, and have high gas production.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the technical problem of the present invention comprises gas generating device 1, gas storage tank 18 and burner 19, and gas generating device 1 communicates with gas storage tank 18, and gas storage tank 18 communicates with burner 19, in The lower part of the gas generating device 1 is provided with a grate 2, and the side is provided with a steam spout 4, and the gas generating device 1 is characterized in that the gas generating device 1 is a circular platform.

The present invention also includes an automatic control device for controlling the intake valve 27, blower 24, flue closing valve 16 and coal stoker 6 according to the temperature, gas concentration and humidity in the gas generator 1.

The steam spout 4 is provided with an inclined baffle 5 .

The present invention also comprises tortoise shell heater 25, and its one end links to each other with hot water pipe 30, and the other end links to each other with radiator one end.

Described fire grate 2 adopts the arch ladder type.

The air storage tank 18 is provided with a tar removal partition 28 .

The tar-removing partitions 28 are vertical, parallel and staggered flat plates.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

1. When the gas generating device is working normally, it will burn in a sealed manner with the flue closed, and will not emit smoke and dust into the atmosphere. The mixed gas produced is burned by a special burner, which is similar to pipeline gas combustion. The mixed gas can be regarded as clean combustion and can significantly improve the environment. It is suitable for heating in households, restaurants, bathing industries, and vegetable greenhouses.

2. The one-time investment is small, the operation is simple, and it is easy to maintain. It can replace briquette and petroleum liquefied gas, improve the environment of living room and small catering industry, and is economical and practical.

3. Tested by the authoritative department, it is safe, hygienic, convenient and durable. It is suitable for all kinds of coal except anthracite, and saves coal by nearly 43% compared with conventional small-scale scattered coal furnaces.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the tortoise shell heater of the present invention. In the figure: gas generator 1; furnace grate; 2; water jacket 3; steam spout 4; inclined baffle 5; coal stoker 6; coal hopper 7; steam tank water level gauge 8; water tank 9 steam heating tank 10; Steam heating tank exhaust valve 11; slag outlet 12; flue 13; dust collector 14; dust removal valve 1 5 flue closing valve 16; air storage tank safety valve 17; air storage tank 18; burner 19; air distribution Pipe 20; air distribution valve 21; residual liquid discharge valve 22; sensor 23; blower 24; tortoise shell heater 25; refractory furnace lining 26; intake valve 27;

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is made up of gas generating device 1, gas storage tank 18, burner 19, wherein gas generating device 1 communicates with gas storage tank 18, and gas storage tank 18 communicates with burner 19, when gas generation The lower part of the device 1 is provided with a furnace grate 2, the side is provided with a steam spout 4, a sensor 23, a coal stoker 6, the upper part is provided with a steam heating tank 10, a flue 13, a refractory lining 26 is provided on the inner side of the side wall, and a refractory lining 26 is provided on the outer side wall. A water jacket 3 is provided on the test. There are also display devices, blower speed control switches, gas switches, burner air supply switches, etc. on the outside.

The gas generator 1 adopts a circular table structure, which can control the continuous oxidation of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the main components of the mixed gas produced during the gasification reaction, in the gas generator 1, and reduce the concentration of combustible gases in the mixed gas, which is beneficial to control gas production and increase gas production. An automatic control device is set in the gas generating device 1, which can control the actions of the intake valve 27, the blower 24, the flue closing valve 16 and the coal stoker 6 according to the temperature, gas concentration, and humidity in the gas generating device 1; The inner steam spout 4 is equipped with a slanted baffle 5 to prevent coal particles from clogging the steam spout 4; the coal stoker 6 adopts a double-layer clamp pipe rotary coal stoker to prevent smoke and effectively close the coal stoker 6 when coal is added; Device 19 adopts fan attached pipe ventilation, gas, air are fully mixed in the burner mixing chamber, improve combustion intensity, increase flame temperature; for solving continuous heating in winter, the present invention is provided with movable tortoise shell heater 25, one end of which is connected with hot water The pipe 30 is connected, the other end is connected with one end of the radiator, and the other end of the radiator is connected with the cold air pipe 29, which is placed on the burner 19 for heating to generate hot water and the radiator for circulating heating; the grate 2 adopts an upper arch ladder type , so that the coal seam is thin in the middle and thick around, which is conducive to fast combustion, shortens the time of gas generation, and reduces the amount of smoke and dust emitted; the gas storage tank 18 is equipped with vertical and parallel staggered tar removal partitions 28, which is conducive to the separation of tar and gas. ; The flue 13 is provided with a dust collector 14, which helps to prevent the air from being polluted by smoke and dust when starting; the air storage tank 18 is provided with an air storage tank safety valve 17 to prevent air pressure danger.

First of all, when the generating device is ignited for the first time, a small amount of firewood is added through the coal feeder 6 to ignite, and then an appropriate amount of raw coal is added, and a certain amount of sulfur-fixing agent is added into the generating device according to the sulfur content of the coal. Open the coal channel 13 and send in oxygen at the same time to form an oxide layer at the lower part of the gas generator 1, supply the heat generated by oxidative combustion to the upper layer of raw materials to complete the chemical reaction, and at the same time make the water in the steam heating tank 10 generate steam. The automatic control device receives the signal sent by the sensor 23, and controls the action of the intake valve 27, the blower 24, the flue closing valve 16 and the coal stoker 6 according to the temperature, gas concentration, and humidity in the gas generator 1, and enters the working state , and display the corresponding status on the display device.

Reaction equation: C+O ₂ ＝CO2 2C+O ₂ ＝2CO

Then the automatic control device opens the intake valve 27 according to the temperature and humidity in the gas generating device 1, and water vapor is introduced, while the gas generated by the oxide layer rises to form a reduction zone on the upper part of the oxide layer.

Carbon dioxide reduction reaction: C+CO ₂ =2CO

Reduction reaction of water vapor: C+H ₂ O=CO+H ₂

The gas generated from the oxidation layer and the reduction layer continues to rise together with the unreacted components in the gasification agent, heating the upper raw material layer. At this time, since the upward air flow no longer contains oxygen, the raw material is actually in a dry distillation state of anaerobic heating. The material layer is called the dry distillation layer. The material falling from the carbonization layer is the carbonization product semi-coke or coke, which enters the reduction and oxidation area. At high temperature, the coal will also undergo cracking reaction and methane reaction to generate combustible gases such as H ₂ , CH ₄ and other hydrocarbons.

Coal gas enters the upper space of gas generator 1 after being dried, and is drawn out through the gas outlet of gas generator 1 .

With the continuous combustion and gasification of raw materials, slag and ash are gradually formed. Under the action of its own gravity, it gradually descends, falls into the furnace pit from the grate 2 at the bottom of the gas generator 1, and is pulled out from the slag outlet 12. The gasification device 1 is characterized by countercurrent flow of gasification and raw materials, sufficient contact, and oxidation The reduction is thorough, so the furnace ash is squeezed into powder, which is easy to remove and makes full use of the heat generated by itself. When the combustible gas rises layer by layer, it is filtered by the upper fabric layer, so the outlet gas has less ash content and good mobility.

The combustible gas coming out of the gas generator 1 is decoked through the gas storage tank 18 to remove impurities such as tar, water vapor and ash particles in the gas, so that the impurities are discharged from the coke outlet in the form of liquid fluid. The gas can be used after purification.

Claims (7)

1. A high-efficiency gas generating device, comprising a gas generating device (1), a gas storage tank (18) and a burner (19), the gas generating device (1) communicates with the gas storage tank (18), and the gas storage tank (18) ) communicates with the burner (19), a grate (2) is provided at the lower part of the gas generator (1), and a steam spout (4) is provided on the side, and the gas generator (1) is characterized in that the gas generator (1) is a circular platform. 2. The high-efficiency gas generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes controlling the intake valve (27), the blower (24), and the closing of the flue according to the temperature, gas concentration, and humidity in the gas generating device (1). The automatic control device of valve (16) and coal stoker (6). 3. The high-efficiency gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that said steam nozzle (4) is provided with an inclined baffle (5). 4. The high-efficiency gas generator according to claim 1, further comprising a tortoise shell heater (25), one end of which is connected to the hot water pipe (30), and the other end is connected to one end of the radiator. 5. The high-efficiency gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate (2) adopts an upward arched ladder type. 6. The high-efficiency gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the tar removal partition (28) is arranged inside the gas storage tank (18). 7. The high-efficiency gas generating device according to claim 6, characterized in that said tar removal partitions (28) are flat plates arranged vertically and parallelly in a staggered manner.

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