CN109846885A - 瑞舒伐他汀的新用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了瑞舒伐他汀(Rosuvastatin)的新用途,所述瑞舒伐他汀用于促进牙髓干细胞(Dental Pulp Stem Cells,DPSCs)成牙本质分化。根据本发明,瑞舒伐他汀通过抑制NF‑κB信号通路活化,从而促进DPSCs成牙本质分化,可为治疗龋病提供新的方案。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及瑞舒伐他汀(Rosuvastatin)的新用途,具体地说是瑞舒伐他汀用于促进牙髓干细胞(Dental Pulp Stem Cells,DPSCs)成牙本质分化。
背景技术
WHO将龋病(Dental Caries)与肿瘤、高血压并列为对人类健康造成严重危害的三大常见疾病,并将龋病列为全球范围内需重点防治的第三位非传染性疾病,未治疗的恒牙龋病影响了超过世界三分之一人口。大量的研究表明,龋病作为一种多因素疾病,其发病过程是由病理性因素和保护性因素构成的动态平衡被打破所致。龋病的发生,多为厌氧菌为主的革兰氏阳性细菌和革兰氏阴性细菌混合感染,其中变形链球菌(S.mutans)是目前龋病公认的主要致病菌。变形链球菌通过菌体蛋白与卵磷脂作用最终形成复杂的生物膜结构以适应不断变化的口腔环境,释放乳酸使牙釉质脱矿并引起炎症细胞浸润而最终导致牙本质的破坏。虽然在细菌和炎症因子刺激的条件下,机体会产生修复性牙本质以维持牙体结构的完整性,但是由于牙本质的破坏速度远较其修复速度快,最终导致龋病的发生,甚至引起牙髓炎。因此,充分认识龋病状态下的牙本质修复机制,对该病的预防及临床治疗具有深远的意义。
瑞舒伐他汀(Rosuvastatin)是一种选择性3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶(A3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylcoenzyme A,HMG-CoA)还原酶抑制剂,临床广泛应用于降低胆固醇治疗和预防心血管疾病。最近的研究发现,瑞舒伐他汀在机体心血管系统、免疫系统、骨骼系统等各大系统中具有多效作用。有趣的是,越来越多的研究表明,他汀类药物能有效降低龈沟液内肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor Necrosis Factorα,TNF-α)、白介素1β(Interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、白介素6(Interleukin 6,IL-6)等炎症因子的表达水平。同时,瑞舒伐他汀作为新一代他汀类药物因其缓释能力具有显著的抗炎效应,能高效抑制c-Jun末端激酶(c-Jun Terminal Kinase,JNK)、核因子kappa B(Nuclear Factor Kappa B,NF-κB)的活化和降低白介素8(Interleukin 8,IL-8)、IL-6、单核细胞趋化蛋白1(MonocyteChemoattractant Protein 1,MCP-1)、细胞间黏附分子1(Intercellular AdhesionMolecule 1,ICAM-1)和环氧合酶2(Cyclooxygenase 2,COX-2)的表达。基于先前学者们的研究成果,本发明在于探讨瑞舒伐他汀如何参与体外龋病细胞模型的炎症反应。
众所周知,细胞核因子-kappa B(Nuclear Factor-Kappa B,NF-κB)在炎症反应和细胞生存方面起着至关重要的作用。NF-κB存在于细胞质中,是由IκBα、p50和p65构成的异三聚体。当该三聚体活化时,IκBα被降解,释放NF-κB入核与特异的DNA调节序列结合,从而调节基因的转录。龋病的促炎过程与NF-κB信号通路激活有关,致使龋病早期阶段有异常的炎症因子释放。近年来的研究发现,抑制NF-κB活性能衰减炎症因子释放,并促进DPSCs成牙本质分化和矿化结节形成。因此,本发明在于研究瑞舒伐他汀调控DPSCs成牙本质分化是否与NF-κB信号通路被抑制有关。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术方案是提供瑞舒伐他汀的新用途。
具体来说,本发明提供了瑞舒伐他汀在治疗牙本质或牙本质基质的疾病中的用途。
进一步地,疾病包括龋齿或发育不全。发育不全可以是牙本质发育不全。
进一步地,瑞舒伐他汀通过促进DPSCs成牙本质分化治疗疾病。
进一步地,瑞舒伐他汀在炎症微环境中,通过抑制NF-κB信号通路促进DPSCs成牙本质分化治疗疾病。
进一步地,瑞舒伐他汀首选浓度为1-30μM。
进一步地,瑞舒伐他汀首选浓度为5-25μM。
进一步地,瑞舒伐他汀首选浓度为8-20μM。
进一步地,瑞舒伐他汀首选浓度为10μM。
本发明建立体外DPSCs成牙本质分化模型,单独使用脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide,LPS)或与瑞舒伐他汀一并使用刺激DPSCs。首先,我们采用茜素红染色、ALP染色、RT-PCR、Western Blot技术,分析瑞舒伐他汀刺激后DPSCs成牙本质分化能力及矿化结节形成情况。其次,Western Blot技术检测瑞舒伐他汀对炎症微环境中DPSCs炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6)释放的抑制程度。最后,Western Blot和免疫荧光染色测定NF-κB活化情况。我们的研究表明,瑞舒伐他汀通过抑制NF-κB信号通路促进DPSCs成牙本质分化,为DPSCs的牙源性分化提供了新的认识。
附图说明
图1是本发明在非炎症微环境中瑞舒伐他汀促进DPSCs成牙本质分化的实验结果图;
图2是本发明在炎症微环境中瑞舒伐他汀促进DPSCs成牙本质分化的实验结果图;
图3是本发明瑞舒伐他汀抑制LPS诱导的炎症因子释放的实验结果图;
图4是本发明NF-κB信号通路在瑞舒伐他汀促进DPSCs成牙本质分化过程中发挥关键性作用的实验结果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图说明,对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本发明研究瑞舒伐他汀对DPSCs成牙本质分化能力的影响。
实验方法:
一、N-DPSCs和I-DPSCs分离和培养:
(1)实验过程中的DPSCs来源于临床上正常以及龋病牙齿,患者性别、年龄相匹配,无基础疾病,取得入组人员知情同意,并经南通大学附属医院医学伦理委员会批准。
(2)将拔除的正常和龋坏牙齿立即放入预冷的DMEM培养液(含100U/mL青霉素/100μg/mL链霉素)。
(3)医用净化工作台上用碘伏清洁牙齿表面,用高压蒸汽灭菌消毒后的咬骨钳沿釉牙骨质界打开髓腔,暴露髓室。
(4)将切取下来的牙髓置于3mg/mLⅠ型胶原酶溶液内,剪碎组织后置于37℃烘箱内消化1小时,经70μm的细胞金属网过滤,获得单细胞悬浮液。
(5)将单细胞悬浮液接种于25cm2培养皿中,加入包含10%FBS、DMEM、1%谷氨酸和100U/mL青霉素/100μg/mL链霉素的完全培养基。
(6)将培养皿放入37℃5%CO2培养箱培养,每三天换液。
(7)大约接种后7-10天,细胞融合达到80%-85%,以1:3比例传代;
(8)从健康牙齿分离的DPSCs命名为N-DPSCs,从深龋牙齿分离的DPSCs命名为I-DPSCs,第三代至第五代DPSCs用于下述所有实验。
二、建立体外DPSCs成牙本质分化模型:
(1)取P3代DPSCs以2×104个/皿密度接种于成牙本质分化培养基(15%FBS、DMEM、10mmol/Lβ-甘油磷酸酯、0.292mg/mL谷氨酰胺、50mg/mLα-抗坏血酸、10nmol/L地塞米松、100U/mL青霉素/100μg/mL链霉素)培养,每2天换液1次,分化21天。
(2)收集细胞,检测成牙本质分化标志蛋白(DMP1、DSPP),明确DPSCs成牙本质分化模型建立成功。
(3)以不同剂量的瑞舒伐他汀(0、0.1、1.0、10和100μM,阿斯利康,英国)和(或)LPS(20μg/mL,Sigma,美国)和(或)BMS-345541(Sigma,美国)刺激,在刺激6小时和21天后收集细胞;
三、茜素红染色:
(1)PBS洗涤诱导成牙本质分化的DPSCs后用4%多聚甲醛固定30分钟。
(2)PBS洗净残余的多聚甲醛液,加入茜素红染液(pH=4.2)染色10分钟。
(3)洗净染液后观察着染情况并拍照记录。
四、ALP染色:
(1)PBS洗涤诱导成牙本质分化的DPSCs后用4%多聚甲醛固定30分钟。
(2)PBS洗净残余的多聚甲醛液,加入按试剂盒说明书配置好的工作液染色30分钟。
(3)洗净染液后观察着染情况并拍照记录。
五、Western Blot:
(1)细胞总蛋白提取
吸尽培养基,预冷的PBS洗涤细胞三次,细胞刮刮脱细胞,收集至预冷的离心管,4℃条件下1000rpm离心5分钟,洗涤后的细胞转移至预冷的洁净EP管;冰上操作配制细胞裂解液,1mL Lysis Buffer中加入10μL磷酸酶抑制剂、1μL蛋白酶抑制剂、5μL 100mM PMSF,混匀后冰上保存数分钟待用;在洗涤好的细胞中按照每107个细胞加入1mL细胞裂解液的比例加入细胞裂解液,200μL移液器反复吹打,至蛋白析出;4℃摇床,温和振摇15分钟;4℃条件下12000rpm离心5分钟,弃上清,-80℃低温冰箱保存。
(2)核浆分离:分别提取细胞质蛋白和细胞核蛋白
正常收取细胞,小心吸取培养基,尽可能吸干;用预冷PBS洗涤细胞两次,每次洗涤后尽可能吸干上清;在细胞沉淀中加入预冷的200μL添加了PMSF的细胞浆提取液A,振荡混匀或吹打混匀,置冰上振荡30分钟;在4℃条件下,12000rpm离心5分钟,将上清吸入一预冷的干净EP离心管中,即得到胞浆组分,-80℃低温冰箱保存;沉淀用预冷的PBS洗涤一次,然后在4℃条件下,12000rpm离心5分钟,弃上清;加入预冷的50μL添加了PMSF的细胞核蛋白提取液B,振荡混匀或吹打混匀,置冰上振荡30分钟;在4℃条件下,12000rpm离心10分钟,将上清吸入一预冷的干净EP离心管中,即得到胞核组分,-80℃低温冰箱保存。
(3)凝胶电泳和蛋白质免疫检测
玻璃板用前清洗,薄板在前,厚板在后,保证底部齐平夹好玻璃板;将超纯水加入玻板之间,观察液面是否下降,若液面不下降,将水倒出,用滤纸将残余水吸干;先配分离胶,最后加TEMED后迅速混匀,用1000μL的移液枪缓慢加入分离胶,注意不能有气泡,到达上边框底线为止;在胶上用异丙醇封胶,等待30分钟左右胶凝后,将异丙醇倒出,用超纯水冲至无味即可,用滤纸将残余水吸干;再配浓缩胶,将剩余空间填满后,插上梳子;等待胶凝后,将胶与板一起取下;选择合适的电泳架和槽,将胶板安装紧密,倒电泳液测漏;煮蛋白,测蛋白浓度,加样;Marker在左侧,从左到右依次加样;倒电泳液于外盒,没过底部形成电流通路;选择合适的盖子,连接电源,恒压80V;每10-15分钟观察一次,当发现Marker跑开时,改为120V电压继续;切胶,胶、PVDF膜、滤纸要保持湿润,胶上不能有气泡,PVDF膜先放入甲醇中去极化,后放入超纯水中,最后在转膜液中按棉垫、滤纸、胶条、PVDF膜、滤纸、棉垫的顺序摆放;将整个转膜盒放入冰水中,转膜条件设定为恒流350mA、90分钟;转膜结束后将PVDF膜放入封闭液中,在室温中放入摇床封闭至少2小时;弃去封闭液,TBST洗膜5分钟×3次;相应一抗孵育,4℃冰箱保存过夜;TBST洗膜10分钟×3次;二抗孵育2小时,TBST洗15分钟×3次;将胶片进行显影。
六、免疫荧光染色:
(1)将DPSCs接种于加有小圆片的24孔板中,37℃孵育过夜,密度约为1×105个/孔。
(2)弃掉原来的培养基,细胞用PBS洗涤1次,用4%多聚甲醛室温固定40分钟,PBS洗涤10分钟×3次。
(3)将小圆片挑出放在湿盒上,滴上封闭液(0.1%TritonX-100),室温封闭1小时。
(4)弃除封闭液,勿洗,直接滴加一抗(β-catenin、p65),4℃孵育过夜,复温0.5小时,PBS洗涤5分钟×3次。
(5)避光加入荧光二抗,4℃孵育2小时,复温后PBS洗涤5分钟×3次。
(6)DAPI染核,4℃孵育2小时,复温后PBS洗涤10分钟×3次。
(7)避光条件下,在载玻片上滴加封片液,将小圆片倒扣在封闭液上,注意不要产生气泡,最后置于荧光显微镜下观察。
实验结果
1、如图1所示,在非炎症微环境中瑞舒伐他汀促进DPSCs成牙本质分化:
为探讨不同浓度的瑞舒伐他汀对DPSCs分化的影响,我们通过茜素红染色和ALP染色发现,10μM的瑞舒伐他汀组能明显增加矿化结节的形成。因此,我们选取10μM作为后续研究的最佳浓度(图1)。
瑞舒伐他汀(0、0.1、1.0、10和100μM)刺激DPSCs后成牙本质分化诱导21天。(A)茜素红染色和ALP染色分析矿化结节形成情况。
2、如图2所示,在炎症微环境中瑞舒伐他汀促进DPSCs成牙本质分化:
我们从临床诊断为深龋的牙齿和健康牙齿中分别分离提纯DPSCs,茜素红染色结果表明在I-DPSCs组矿化结节形成明显减少。同样地,ALP染色也反映相同的结果(图2A)。表明I-DPSCs成牙本质分化能力受损。接着,利用LPS刺激DPSCs,模拟变异链球菌(一种革兰氏阳性菌,是龋齿发生过程中最重要的病原体)引起的深龋微环境,观察瑞舒伐他汀对DPSCs成牙本质分化的影响。培养3周后,成牙本质分化(OD)与对照组相比形成更多矿化结节(图2B)。这表明成牙本质分化诱导条件在成牙本质分化过程中起关键作用。与此同时,与OD组相比,LPS可显著降低矿化结节的形成,而瑞舒伐他汀可明显逆转LPS的抑制作用(图2B)。
N-DPSCs、I-DPSCs分别成牙本质分化诱导21天。(A)茜素红染色和ALP染色分析矿化结节形成情况。瑞舒伐他汀(10μM)和(或)LPS(20ng/mL)刺激DPSCs后成牙本质分化诱导21天。(B)茜素红染色和ALP染色分析矿化结节形成情况。
3、如图3所示,瑞舒伐他汀抑制LPS诱导的炎症因子释放:
为了测定瑞舒伐他汀对DPSCs炎症因子释放的调节能力,Western Blot分析发现,瑞舒伐他汀能有效抑制LPS诱导的TNF-α,IL-1β和IL-6的蛋白表达(图3)。这些结果表明了,瑞舒伐他汀能有效衰减炎症反应。
瑞舒伐他汀(10μM)和(或)LPS(20ng/mL)刺激DPSCs后完全培养基培养6小时。(A)Western Blot分析LPS刺激后,促炎细胞因子(TNF-α,IL-1β和IL-6)表达水平明显增加,而瑞舒伐他汀能有效抑制这一现象。
4、如图4所示,NF-κB信号通路在瑞舒伐他汀促进DPSCs成牙本质分化过程中发挥关键性作用:
NF-kB是炎症过程中一个重要的转录因子,现我们检测瑞舒伐他汀是否对这一过程有抑制作用。分析发现LPS能促进p65磷酸化、IκBα降解和p65核转移,而瑞舒伐他汀能抑制这一过程(图4)。免疫荧光染色也提示LPS促p65向核内转移,而瑞舒伐他汀能抑制这一现象(图4)。BMS-345541,是一种NF-kB信号通路抑制剂,瑞舒伐他汀表现出与其类似的作用(图4)。
瑞舒伐他汀(10μM)和(或)LPS(20ng/mL)和(或)BMS-345541刺激DPSCs后成牙本质分化诱导21天。(A)Western Blot分析LPS刺激后促进p65磷酸化、IκBα降解和p65核转移,而瑞舒伐他汀和BMS-345541能抑制这一过程;(B)免疫荧光染色分析DPSCs细胞核和细胞质内p65表达情况,核用DAPI染色,比例尺:100μm。
以上所述仅是本发明的一种实施方式,应当指出,对于本领域普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下,还可以做出若干相似的变形和改进,这些也应视为本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.瑞舒伐他汀在治疗牙本质或牙本质基质的疾病中的用途。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于:所述疾病包括龋齿或发育不全。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于:瑞舒伐他汀通过促进DPSCs成牙本质分化治疗所述疾病。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用途,其特征在于:瑞舒伐他汀在炎症微环境中,通过抑制NF-κB信号通路促进DPSCs成牙本质分化治疗所述疾病。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的用途,其特征在于:瑞舒伐他汀首选浓度为1-30μM。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用途,其特征在于:瑞舒伐他汀首选浓度为5-25μM。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用途,其特征在于:瑞舒伐他汀首选浓度为8-20μM。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用途,其特征在于:瑞舒伐他汀首选浓度为10μM。
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