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CN109818127A - Phase continuously adjustable crossing directional coupler - Google Patents

Phase continuously adjustable crossing directional coupler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109818127A
CN109818127A CN201910233888.6A CN201910233888A CN109818127A CN 109818127 A CN109818127 A CN 109818127A CN 201910233888 A CN201910233888 A CN 201910233888A CN 109818127 A CN109818127 A CN 109818127A
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China
Prior art keywords
varactor
line
short circuit
connection short
adjustable
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Granted
Application number
CN201910233888.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109818127B (en
Inventor
刘宏梅
张妍
贾潇
房少军
王钟葆
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Dalian Maritime University
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Dalian Maritime University
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Publication of CN109818127B publication Critical patent/CN109818127B/en
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Abstract

A phase continuous adjustable crossing directional coupler comprises a variable capacitance diode loading parallel coupling line, an electric length adjustable parallel short circuit line, an end part cross-connected variable capacitance diode and four 50 ohm input/output ports; the variable capacitance diode loading parallel coupling lines comprise a first section of variable capacitance diode loading parallel coupling line, a second section of variable capacitance diode loading parallel coupling line and a third section of variable capacitance diode loading parallel coupling line; the electric length adjustable parallel short circuit line comprises a first section of electric length adjustable parallel short circuit line, a second section of electric length adjustable parallel short circuit line and a third section of electric length adjustable parallel short circuit line. The crossing directional coupler with the continuously adjustable phase has the characteristics of easiness in processing, small size and low cost, and is suitable for wide popularization.

Description

A kind of Phase Continuation is adjustable across directional coupler
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic technology fields, are related to a kind of microwave device, and specially a kind of Phase Continuation is adjustable across fixed To coupler.
Background technique
Directional coupler is a kind of for distributing or synthesizing microwave signal power and with microwave/milli of directional couple characteristic Metric wave device is applied to the extraction of signal, the monitoring of power, source output power fixed ampllitude, transmission and sweep check of reflection etc.. Microstrip directional coupler is a kind of directional coupler of planar structure, can be realized by printed circuit board technology, is had small in size, easy The features such as integrated.Position according to isolated port relative to input port, microstrip directional coupler can be divided into the same direction, reversed and horizontal Across three kinds of directional couplers, specifically: if input terminal and straight-through end are on same transmission lines, coupled end and isolation end are another On one transmission lines, and input terminal and isolation end then constitute coupler in the same direction in the same side;If input terminal is with straight-through end same On one transmission lines, coupled end and isolation end are on another transmission lines, and input terminal and coupled end are then constituted anti-in the same side To coupler;If input terminal and isolation end, on same transmission lines, coupled end is held on another transmission lines with straight-through, and Input terminal and isolation end are then constituted across directional coupler in the same side.
Micro-strip has the characteristics that low cost, easy processing, small in size across directional coupler, simultaneously because its coupled end and straight Go side can be avoided circuit cross-overs on a transmission lines, therefore when micro-strip is applied to microwave circuit across directional coupler, and Circuit layout is simplified, therefore, with the extensive research and application of Butler matrix and power amplifier, micro-strip is across orientation coupling The research of clutch is of concern.But reported micro-strip phase between directional coupler output port be it is fixed, such as 90 ° Or 60 ° etc., limit its application in adjustable wave beam feeding network and power amplifier.If realizing across directional coupler Phase Continuation is adjustable, and the beam position of antenna array can be also significantly increased with flexible modulation, the efficiency of power amplifier.Mesh Before, not yet discovery Phase Continuation is adjustable across directional coupler.
Summary of the invention
The it is proposed of the present invention in view of the above problems, and it is adjustable across directional coupler to develop a kind of Phase Continuation, including becomes It is defeated to hold diode load parallel coupled line, electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line, end bridging varactor and four 50 ohm Enter/output port;
The varactor load parallel coupled line includes first segment varactor load parallel coupled line, second segment Varactor loads parallel coupled line and third section varactor loads parallel coupled line;The adjustable parallel connection of electrical length is short Route includes the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line of first segment electrical length, second segment electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line and third section electrical length can Adjust parallel connection short circuit line;
The first segment varactor load parallel coupled line includes the first coupling line, the second coupling line and the first transfiguration Diode;The second segment varactor load parallel coupled line includes third coupling line, the 4th coupling line and the second transfiguration Diode;The third section varactor load parallel coupled line includes the 5th coupling line, the 6th coupling line and third transfiguration Diode;The adjustable parallel connection short circuit line of first segment electrical length includes the first regular length parallel connection short circuit line and two pole of the 4th transfiguration Pipe;The adjustable parallel connection short circuit line of second segment electrical length includes the second regular length parallel connection short circuit line and the 5th varactor; The adjustable parallel connection short circuit line of third section electrical length includes third regular length parallel connection short circuit line and the 6th varactor;It is described It includes the 7th varactor and the 8th varactor that end, which bridges varactor,;
The left end company of first segment electrical length adjustable the parallel connection short circuit line and the first varactor load parallel coupled line It connects, intermediate the connecting of second segment electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line and the second varactor load parallel coupled line, third section Electrical length is adjustable, and parallel connection short circuit line is connect with the right end of third varactor load parallel coupled line, two pole of the first transfiguration Pipe is located at the centre of the first coupling line and the second coupling line, and second varactor is located at third coupling line and the 4th coupling The centre of line, the third varactor are located at the centre of the 5th coupling line and the 6th coupling line, two pole of the 7th transfiguration Pipe is connected across the left end of first segment varactor load parallel coupled line, and the 8th varactor is connected across the change of third section Hold the right end of diode load parallel coupled line;
The first segment varactor load parallel coupled line, first segment varactor load parallel coupled line third The electrical length of section varactor load parallel coupled line is identical, the first regular length parallel connection short circuit line, the second fixed length The characteristic impedance and first segment varactor for spending parallel connection short circuit line and third regular length parallel connection short circuit line load parallel coupling The even module feature resistance of line, second segment varactor load parallel coupled line and third section varactor load parallel coupled line Resist identical
Further;Phase can continuously adjust between the output port across directional coupler.
Further;By adjusting the first varactor, the second varactor, third varactor, the 4th change The capacitance for holding diode, the 5th varactor, the 7th varactor of the 6th varactor and the 8th varactor is real Existing 45 °~135 ° of Phase Continuation is adjusted.
Phase Continuation is adjustable between output port may be implemented in the formula derived according to the present invention, while can realize arbitrary Function point ratio.By adopting the above-described technical solution, a kind of Phase Continuation adjustable type provided by the invention is across directional coupler, tool There is easy processing, small in size and inexpensive, suitable for being widely popularized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the Phase Continuation adjustable type of the present invention across directional coupler;
Fig. 2 is even mould equivalent circuit diagram of the Phase Continuation adjustable type of the present invention across directional coupler;
Fig. 3 is odd mould equivalent circuit diagram of the Phase Continuation adjustable type of the present invention across directional coupler;
Fig. 4 is S11 and S31 curve of the Phase Continuation adjustable type of the present invention across directional coupler;
Fig. 5 is S21 and S41 curve of the Phase Continuation adjustable type of the present invention across directional coupler;
Fig. 6 is Phase Continuation adjustable type of the present invention phase curve between directional coupler output port.
In figure: 11, first segment varactor loads parallel coupled line, 12, the parallel coupling of second segment varactor load Zygonema, 13, third section varactor load parallel coupled line, 21, first segment electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line, 22, second The section adjustable parallel connection short circuit line of electrical length, 23, third section electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line, the 111, first coupling line, 112, second Coupling line, 121, third coupling line, the 122, the 4th coupling line, the 131, the 5th coupling line, the 132, the 6th coupling line, 211, first is solid Measured length parallel connection short circuit line, the 221, second regular length parallel connection short circuit line, 231, third regular length parallel connection short circuit line, 113, One varactor, the 123, second varactor, 133, third varactor, the 212, the 4th varactor, 222, Five varactors, the 232, the 6th varactor, the 31, the 7th varactor, the 32, the 8th varactor.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, With reference to embodiment and join According to attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be understood that these descriptions are merely illustrative, and it is not intended to limit this hair Bright range.In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted, to avoid this is unnecessarily obscured The concept of invention.
Fig. 1 is the complex impedances such as present invention termination across directional coupling structure schematic diagram, this example across directional couple Device may include;
Varactor loads parallel coupled line, electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line, end bridge varactor and four A 50 ohm of input/output end ports.Wherein varactor load parallel coupled line includes that the load of first segment varactor is flat Row coupling line 11, second segment varactor load 12 third section varactor of parallel coupled line load parallel coupled line 13; The adjustable parallel connection short circuit line of electrical length includes the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 21 of first segment electrical length, second segment electrical length is adjustable parallel connection Short-circuit line 22 and the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 23 of third section electrical length;
Further, first segment varactor load parallel coupled line 11 includes the first coupling line 111, the second coupling line 112 and first varactor 113;It includes third coupling line the 121, the 4th that second segment varactor, which loads parallel coupled line 12, Coupling line 122 and the second varactor 123;It includes the 5th coupling line that third section varactor, which loads parallel coupled line 13, 131, the 6th coupling line 132 and third varactor 133;First segment electrical length is adjustable, and parallel connection short circuit line 21 includes first fixed Length parallel connection short circuit line 211 and the 4th varactor 212;Second segment electrical length is adjustable, and parallel connection short circuit line 22 includes second fixed Length parallel connection short circuit line 221 and the 5th varactor 222;Third section electrical length is adjustable, and parallel connection short circuit line 23 is fixed including third Length parallel connection short circuit line 231 and the 6th varactor 232;It includes 31 He of the 7th varactor that end, which bridges varactor, 8th varactor 32.
Further, the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 21 of first segment electrical length and the first varactor load parallel coupled line 11 Left end connection, second segment electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 22 and the second varactor load the centre of parallel coupled line 12 Connection, third section electrical length is adjustable, and parallel connection short circuit line 23 is connect with the right end of third varactor load parallel coupled line 13, First varactor 113 is located at the centre of the first coupling line 111 and the second coupling line 112, and the second varactor 123 is located at The centre of third coupling line 121 and the 4th coupling line 122, third varactor 133 are located at the 5th coupling line 131 and the 6th coupling The centre of zygonema 132, the 7th varactor 31 are connected across the left end of first segment varactor load parallel coupled line 11, the Eight varactors 32 are connected across the right end of third section varactor load parallel coupled line 13.
The first segment varactor load parallel coupled line 11, first segment varactor load parallel coupled line 11 The electrical length that third section varactor loads parallel coupled line 13 is identical, the first regular length parallel connection short circuit line 211, the The characteristic impedance of two regular length parallel connection short circuit lines 221 and third regular length parallel connection short circuit line 231 and two pole of first segment transfiguration It is parallel with third section varactor load that pipe loads parallel coupled line 11, second segment varactor load parallel coupled line 12 The ever mode characteristic impedance of coupling line 13 is identical
Further, by adjusting the first varactor 113, the second varactor 123, third varactor 133, the 4th varactor 212, the 5th varactor 222, the 7th varactor 31 of the 6th varactor 232 and The capacitance of eight varactors 32 realizes that 45 °~135 ° of Phase Continuation is adjusted.
Specifically, the phase in the present embodiment between input/output port isIts function point ratio isIt can be real Different function point ratio between existing two output ports.Four port networks of coupler are converted into two two ends using odd-even mode analytical method Mouth network is analyzed, counting circuit parameter.
Under even mould excitation, the electric current on the directional coupler plane of symmetry is zero, is equivalent to open a way.Fig. 2 gives this hair The bright even mould equivalent circuit across directional coupler.Z1eThe ever mode characteristic impedance of parallel coupled line, Z are loaded for varactor1 For the characteristic impedance of the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line of electrical length, θ1eThe even mould electrical length of parallel coupled line, θ are loaded for varactor4 For the equivalent electrical length of the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 21 of first segment electrical length.θ4With the electricity of the first regular length parallel connection short circuit line 211 Length θ4_fixWith the capacitance C of the 4th varactor 2126Meet following relationship:
θ4=arc cot (Z1ωC6+cotθ4_fix)
θ2For the equivalent electrical length of the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 22 of second segment electrical length, θ2With the second regular length parallel connection short circuit The electrical length θ of line 2212_fixWith the capacitance C of the 4th varactor 2227Meet following relationship:
θ3For the equivalent electrical length of the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 23 of third section electrical length, θ3With third regular length parallel connection short circuit The electrical length θ of line 2213_fixWith the capacitance C of the 4th varactor 2328Meet following relationship:
θ3=arc cot (Z1ωC8+cotθ3_fix)
Under odd mould excitation, the voltage on the directional coupler plane of symmetry is zero, is equivalent to short circuit.Fig. 3 gives this hair The bright odd mould equivalent circuit across directional coupler.Z1oThe odd mode characteristic impedance of parallel coupled line, Z are loaded for varactor1 For the characteristic impedance of the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line of electrical length, θ1oThe odd mould electrical length of parallel coupled line, θ are loaded for varactor4 For the equivalent electrical length of the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 21 of first segment electrical length, θ2For the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 22 of second segment electrical length Equivalent electrical length, θ3For the equivalent electrical length of the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 23 of third section electrical length.C1For the first varactor 113 Capacitance, C2For the capacitance of the second varactor 123, C3For the capacitance of third varactor 133, C4For the 7th transfiguration two The capacitance of pole pipe 31, C5For the capacitance of the 8th varactor 32.
By available two transmission matrixs of the two-port network of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, according to the characteristic pair across directional coupler Two transmission matrixs solve, the available design formula of the invention across directional coupler, and solution procedure is as follows:
Step 1: the transmission matrix under the excitation of even mould is substituted into following expression,
With the equivalent electrical length θ of the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 23 of third section electrical length3Parallel coupling is loaded with varactor The ever mode characteristic impedance Z of line1eAs free variable, obtain corresponding to the parallel coupled line 1 of phase difference between different output port The equivalent electrical length θ of first and second section of electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line 222And θ4Expression formula are as follows:
Draw θ3When different, θ2And θ4With Z1eChange curve, optimal varactor load parallel coupling can be chosen The ever mode characteristic impedance Z of line1e
Step 2: the transmission matrix under the excitation of odd mould is substituted into following expression,
Ae=-Do
Be/Z0=-Co·Z0
Ce·Z0=-Bo/Z0
De=-Ao
Wherein
With the capacitance of the first varactor 113, the second varactor 123 and third varactor 133, C1, C2, C3For free variable, the odd mode characteristic impedance Z of available varactor load parallel coupled line1o, the 7th varactor 31 capacitance C4With 32 capacitance C of the 8th varactor5Expression formula:
Wherein
b0o=2 ω C5-Y1cotθ4
b4o=2 ω C4-Y1cotθ3
Step 3: choosing the first varactor 113, the second varactor 123 and third varactor appropriate 133 capacitance C1, C2, C3, make the odd mode characteristic impedance Z of varactor load parallel coupled line1oIt is loaded less than varactor The ever mode characteristic impedance Z of parallel coupled line1e, further obtain 31 capacitance C of the 7th varactor4With the 8th varactor 32 Capacitance C5
It in a specific embodiment of the present invention, should be 1.6GHz, degree of coupling 3dB across the centre frequency of directional coupler (function point is than k=1) obtains the circuit parameter values of phase difference between corresponding different output port according to above-mentioned formula and solution procedure, As shown in table 1.
The circuit parameter values of phase difference between the corresponding different output port of table 1
It is horizontal that Phase Continuation adjustable type of the invention is designed according to resulting characteristic impedance, electrical length and varactor capacitance Across directional coupler.As shown in Figure 4-Figure 6, phase-adjustable model of the Phase Continuation adjustable type of the present embodiment across directional coupler Enclose is 45 °~135 °.And in phase adjusted, return loss and isolation at center frequency point are all larger than 20dB, and the degree of coupling is 3.5±0.5dB。
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of Phase Continuation is adjustable across directional coupler, it is characterised in that including varactor load parallel coupled line, Electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line, end bridging varactor and four 50 ohm of input/output end ports;
The varactor load parallel coupled line includes first segment varactor load parallel coupled line (11), second segment Varactor loads parallel coupled line (12) and third section varactor load parallel coupled line (13);The electrical length can Adjusting parallel connection short circuit line includes the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line (21) of first segment electrical length, second segment electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line (22) With the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line (23) of third section electrical length;
First segment varactor load parallel coupled line (11) includes the first coupling line (111), the second coupling line (112) With the first varactor (113);Second segment varactor load parallel coupled line (12) includes third coupling line (121), the 4th coupling line (122) and the second varactor (123);The third section varactor loads parallel coupled line It (13) include the 5th coupling line (131), the 6th coupling line (132) and third varactor (133);The first segment electrical length Adjustable parallel connection short circuit line (21) includes the first regular length parallel connection short circuit line (211) and the 4th varactor (212);Described Two sections of electrical length are adjustable, and parallel connection short circuit line (22) includes the second regular length parallel connection short circuit line (221) and the 5th varactor (222);The adjustable parallel connection short circuit line (23) of third section electrical length includes third regular length parallel connection short circuit line (231) and the 6th Varactor (232);The end bridging varactor includes the 7th varactor (31) and the 8th varactor (32);
A left side for the adjustable parallel connection short circuit line (21) of first segment electrical length and the first varactor load parallel coupled line (11) End connection, the centre of second segment electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line (22) and the second varactor load parallel coupled line (12) The right end of connection, third section electrical length is adjustable parallel connection short circuit line (23) and third varactor load parallel coupled line (13) connects It connecing, first varactor (113) is located at the centre of the first coupling line (111) and the second coupling line (112), and described second Varactor (123) is located at the centre of third coupling line (121) and the 4th coupling line (122), the third varactor (133) it is located at the centre of the 5th coupling line (131) and the 6th coupling line (132), the 7th varactor (31) is connected across First segment varactor loads the left end of parallel coupled line (11), and the 8th varactor (32) is connected across the change of third section Hold the right end of diode load parallel coupled line (13);
First segment varactor load parallel coupled line (11), first segment varactor load parallel coupled line (11) The electrical length that third section varactor loads parallel coupled line (13) is identical, the first regular length parallel connection short circuit line (211), the characteristic impedance of the second regular length parallel connection short circuit line (221) and third regular length parallel connection short circuit line (231) and the One section of varactor load parallel coupled line (11), second segment varactor load parallel coupled line (12) and third section become The ever mode characteristic impedance for holding diode load parallel coupled line (13) is identical.
2. a kind of Phase Continuation according to claim 1 is adjustable across directional coupler, it is characterised in that by adjusting the One varactor (113), the second varactor (123), third varactor (133), the 4th varactor (212), the 5th varactor (222), the 7th varactor (31) of the 6th varactor (232) and two pole of the 8th transfiguration The capacitance for managing (32) realizes that 45 °~135 ° of Phase Continuation is adjusted.
CN201910233888.6A 2019-03-26 2019-03-26 A Phase Continuously Adjustable Transverse Directional Coupler Expired - Fee Related CN109818127B (en)

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CN112563712A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-26 大连海事大学 Termination complex impedance directional coupler with harmonic suppression function and design method
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CN113036384A (en) * 2019-12-24 2021-06-25 深圳市大富科技股份有限公司 Coupler and coupling circuit and communication device thereof
CN111710950A (en) * 2020-06-15 2020-09-25 北京邮电大学 Coupled line hybrid ring Rat-Race with smooth in-phase and anti-phase characteristics
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CN111600109A (en) * 2020-07-03 2020-08-28 深圳市前海派速科技有限公司 Broadband Quadrature Coupler
CN111600109B (en) * 2020-07-03 2024-12-17 深圳市前海派速科技有限公司 Broadband quadrature coupler
CN111786068A (en) * 2020-08-05 2020-10-16 大连海事大学 A Broadband Directional Coupler with Harmonic Suppression
CN112366436A (en) * 2020-10-30 2021-02-12 大连海事大学 Filtering type crossing directional coupler with broadband pass response and design method
CN112563712A (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-03-26 大连海事大学 Termination complex impedance directional coupler with harmonic suppression function and design method
CN112563712B (en) * 2020-11-30 2021-12-03 大连海事大学 Terminating complex impedance directional coupler with harmonic suppression function and design method
CN113140882A (en) * 2021-03-09 2021-07-20 大连海事大学 Miniaturized filtering crossing directional coupler with wide pass band and wide stop band response
CN113140882B (en) * 2021-03-09 2022-05-10 大连海事大学 Miniaturized filtering crossing directional coupler

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