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CN109803931A - 含有交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的片剂组合物及其在饮料应用中的用途 - Google Patents

含有交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的片剂组合物及其在饮料应用中的用途 Download PDF

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CN109803931A
CN109803931A CN201680089863.8A CN201680089863A CN109803931A CN 109803931 A CN109803931 A CN 109803931A CN 201680089863 A CN201680089863 A CN 201680089863A CN 109803931 A CN109803931 A CN 109803931A
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tablet
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赫伯特·威廉·乌尔默
王坚强
何希文
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Boai Nky Medical Holdings Ltd
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Abstract

提供了交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVPP)组合物及其在饮料处理中的用途。提供了一种干燥的直接压缩片剂，包含至少70wt％的交联PVPP。还提供了所述片剂用于过滤和/或去除液体、优选饮料的多酚的用途。

Description

含有交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的片剂组合物及其在饮料应用中的 用途
技术领域
本发明涉及单独(仅，solely)或主要由交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮组成的直接压片的制备及其在饮料处理中的用途。与其粉末对应物相比，交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮片剂具有改善的处理和储存特性。具体地，提高了包装效率，同时大大降低了吸湿和粉化的风险，为最终用户提供了更理想的产品。
背景技术
交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVPP)是一种水不溶性、水溶胀性、亲水性聚合物，具有多种用途。在药物领域，具有交聚维酮的通用参考的交联PVPP粉末在制片应用中用作崩解剂，并且在溶液/口服应用中用作分散剂。在饮料工业中，PVPP作为助滤剂添加，其中它结合并去除可能导致不希望的风味属性和/或雾化的不需要的多酚。
制备PVPP的基本方法是通过N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮的碱催化的“爆米花(米花状，popcorn)”聚合，如美国专利2,938,017中所述。交联剂“原位”制备或在聚合反应过程中加入。然后，通常将得到的不溶性PVPP洗涤、干燥、研磨并分离成特定的粉末尺寸，然后销售给消费者。向消费者提供各种粉末尺寸的原因是已知商业PVPP的吸附能力与粒度有关。McMurrough等人(J.Agricultural Food Chem.,43,10,2687-2691,1995)进行的研究表明，多酚吸附随着粒度的减小而增加。然而，由于PVPP作为助滤剂添加并且必须在过滤过程中去除，因此一些消费者仍然需要更大粒度的PVPP，因此它们可以充分处理其滤液流。
各种尺寸的PVPP粉末由多个制造商销售，并且包括商品名：可从Boai NKYPharmaceuticals Ltd(Henan,China)获得的可从Ashland Inc.(Covington,KY,USA)获得的和可从BASF Corp.(Ludwigshafen,Germany)获得的虽然PVPP粉末已被证明是优异的多酚清除剂并且广泛用于饮料生产中，但粉末具有一些不希望的处理问题，特别是在PVPP粉末转移过程中可能产生大量粉化。此外，PVPP的细粉末不易流动，具有吸收水分的倾向并具有低堆积密度。
已经尝试制造并向消费者提供更加“用户友好”的PVPP产品。美国专利3,878,310概述了不溶性多孔聚乙烯吡咯烷酮颗粒和珠粒的合成。通过在进行悬浮聚合的同时加入外部交联剂来合成这些多孔珠粒。尽管所得材料备受关注，但所得材料的未知毒性限制了其商业可行性。国际专利WO 2010/065603概述了制备PVPP颗粒以克服粉化问题的方法。该方法需要两个步骤：形成粘附块(coherent mass)的压缩步骤和将压缩的组合物分解成离散块的“破碎步骤”。所得颗粒的尺寸范围为约200-1000微米。从成本的角度来看，这个两步过程不够理想。此外，“破碎步骤”具有进一步损坏PVPP微观结构的可能性，从而产生不希望的滤液特性。此外，与原始粉末相比，似乎造粒过程会对粒状PVPP的多酚去除能力产生负面影响，如参考文献“粒状组合物保留了非粒化原料的原始多酚去除的80％或更多”所示。
发明内容
非常出乎意料地，已经发现交联PVPP粉末可以经受直接压缩(压制，compression)以形成具有最小粉化和可接受的机械特性的片剂。尽管PVPP通常被认为是崩解剂，但它也具有粘合剂性质，使其能够经历直接压缩而无需添加其它压片成分。所得片剂显示出优异的流动性、减少的粉化、降低的吸湿和更高的堆积密度。与相应的PVPP粉末相比，降低的吸湿和更高的堆积密度使得包装/运输更有效。
因此，本发明提供了一种干燥的直接压缩片剂，其包含至少70wt％的交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVPP)。优选地，片剂包含至少85wt％，更优选为至少95％的交联PVPP。
当将这些片剂置于待处理的饮料中时，PVPP的崩解性质使片剂快速崩解，得到原始粉末PVPP。对于PVPP片剂和原始PVPP粉末观察到的多酚吸收能力没有差异。此外，由于在片剂形成后没有“破碎步骤”，因此所得PVPP微观结构无论如何都不受影响，并且不必担心含有片状PVPP的饮料滤液与使用粉末时的饮料滤液有任何不同。经处理的饮料可以是水性饮料和水醇性饮料，并且包括例如啤酒、葡萄酒、茶、果汁、醋和蔬菜提取物。
应已知的是，PVPP粉末的尺寸对溶解速率有影响。与细粒度PVPP相比，更大粒度的PVPP将更快地溶胀和崩解。当将片剂置于水性或水醇溶液中时，优选相对短的崩解时间使片剂转化成游离粉末。其主要原因是使得PVPP片剂不会对整个加工时间产生负面影响。需要小于10分钟，优选小于5分钟的溶解时间。因此，本发明的另一个优点是所得PVPP片剂的溶解速率和多酚吸附能力可以根据所用PVPP的原始粉末特性进行“微调”。在一个实施方案中，平均粒度为1至600微米的PVPP粉末用于压缩片剂，例如1至500微米，或5至400微米。平均粒度范围为10至300微米是特别优选的。在一个具体方面，平均粒度为约20、30、40、50、70、80、100或150微米。
根据本发明的片剂可具有任何所需的大小或尺寸。优选的是直径为至少5mm，更优选为至少10mm的片剂。
在一个具体方面，根据本发明的片剂基本上仅由PVPP组成，例如至少95wt％、96wt％、97wt％、98wt％或99wt％是PVPP。还提供了由100wt％交联PVPP组成的片剂。然而，还应该清楚其它成分，例如，通常用于饮料处理领域的助滤剂化学品可与PVPP“共同压片(co-tableted)”以制备定制的片剂组合物。对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是，通过调节所用PVPP的等级和PVPP与其它助滤剂化学品的比例，可以生产满足消费者特定应用需求的各种含PVPP的片剂配制品。
这种助滤剂辅助成分包括但不限于：活性炭、二氧化硅、膨润土(膨润土粘土，bentonite clays)、角叉菜胶、多糖、纤维素纤维、硅藻土及其混合物。用于此类片剂的饮料用途包括但不限于：啤酒、葡萄酒、果汁、醋、蔬菜提取物和茶。
还提供了一种容器，其包含多个本发明的压缩PVPP片剂。优选地，容器适合于大量包装、储存和/或运输片剂。片剂容器可以使用具有食品药品批准等级的优质塑料材料制造。
具体实施方式
根据本发明，无需过度实验即可制备和实施本文公开和要求保护的所有组合物、方法和实验。虽然已经根据优选实施方案描述了本发明的组合物、方法和实验，但是对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是，在不脱离本发明的概念、精神和范围的情况下，可以对组合物和方法以及本文描述的方法的步骤或步骤顺序进行变化。对于本领域技术人员显而易见的所有修改和应用都被认为是在所附权利要求中限定的本发明的精神、范围和概念之内。
实验部分
实施例1：直接压缩以形成PVPP片剂
PVPP的片剂通过直接压缩由商业交联PVPP粉末(10)形成，该交联PVPP粉末具有约30微米的平均粒度分布。表1列出了实际条件的细节。从表中可以看出，对于所有压片条件都观察到可接受的片剂性质。所有片剂样品在水溶液中显示少于3分钟的快速溶解/崩解时间。崩解后，所得PVPP粉末特性与原始粉末PVPP材料相同。
表1
使用平均粒度为100微米的市售交联PVPP粉末( XL)在与表1中列出的相同压片条件下制备的片剂致使水溶液中的溶解时间为2至2’30”分钟。
实施例2：用PVPP粉末和片剂处理的啤酒中的多酚吸附
原始PVPP粉末和本发明的干燥压缩PVPP片剂均用于以各种PVPP进料浓度处理啤酒。粉末和片剂均使用平均粒度为约30微米的商业PVPP粉末(10)。得到的表格给出了进料速率和处理后的啤酒中所得多酚含量的总结。从表2中可以看出，对于原始PVPP粉末和本发明的PVPP片剂，所得多酚浓度没有差异。因此，与原始PVPP粉末相比，所得PVPP片剂具有相似的多酚吸附能力。
表2

Claims (12)

1.一种干燥的直接压缩片剂，包含至少70wt％的交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVPP)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的片剂，包含至少85wt％、优选至少95％的交联PVPP。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的片剂，其中所述PVPP的平均粒度在1至600μm、优选10至300μm的范围内。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的片剂，直径为至少5mm，优选至少10mm。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的片剂，在水性溶液或水醇溶液中在10分钟内、优选在5分钟内崩解。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的片剂，基本上仅由PVPP组成。
7.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的片剂，包含PVPP和一种或多种另外的成分，所述一种或多种另外的成分选自由活性炭、二氧化硅、膨润土、角叉菜胶、多糖、纤维素纤维、硅藻土以及它们的混合物组成的组。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的片剂用于过滤液体、优选饮料的用途。
9.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的片剂用于从液体、优选饮料中去除多酚的用途。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的用途，其中所述饮料是啤酒、葡萄酒、果汁、醋、植物提取物或茶。
11.一种处理饮料的方法，所述方法包括(i)使所述饮料与根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的PVPP片剂接触，以及(ii)随后过滤、沉降或离心所述饮料以去除PVPP。
12.一种用于制备根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的片剂的方法，包括提供交联PVPP的粉末，任选地将其与一种或多种另外的成分混合，以及使所述粉末经受直接压缩程序以获得干燥的压缩片剂。
CN201680089863.8A 2016-10-05 2016-10-05 含有交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的片剂组合物及其在饮料应用中的用途 Pending CN109803931A (zh)

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