CN1096699A - 防龋口胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种防龋口胶及其制备方法,所用原
料中药厚朴提取物、甜菊糖微囊、植物纤维素、油脂、
胶基及辅料等,放入搅拌机中混匀、捏和、轧制切块,
包装即为成品。它制备方法简便、食用方便,除具有
一般香口胶的优点外,还具有洁齿灭菌、防龋效果显
著的特点。
Description
本发明涉及一种含中药的香口胶,特别是一种主要防治龋病、兼有清洁口腔、消除口臭及对多种口腔炎症起辅助治疗作用的防龋口胶。
龋病为口腔科常见病、多发病。据世界卫生组织(WHO)统计,龋病危及人体健康仅次于与心血管病和癌症。我国1-13岁儿童中有56.6%患龋齿,成人及老年人中还有不少龋齿患者。因此加强龋病的防治日益引起医学工作者的关注。龋病的发生主要是通过粘附于牙齿表面的菌斑中的致病菌,目前公认的致病菌是变形链球菌。对此已有一些防治龋齿的药物研究,常用的抗生素类如青霉素、红霉素、四环素等虽能有效防治龋齿,但可引起口腔及肠道菌群发生比例失调而引起各种疾病。自香口胶(又称口香糖或胶姆糖)问世以来,人们一直作为改善口腔卫生的保健食品。因其咀嚼性强,具有一定粘性,故在咀嚼过程中可摩擦或粘掉附在牙齿上的牙垢与菌斑,其胶基对牙龈起按抚作用,有利于牙周组织的健康,起到固齿、促进面部肌肉健康成长之功效,深受人们喜爱。现有市售香口胶胶基中加入了一定的清洁剂、灭菌剂,如洗必泰,也可达到抑制口腔炎症、消除口臭的效果。洗必泰系广谱阳离子消毒剂,对多种细菌有抑制和杀灭作用,但对致龋菌变形链球菌及乳酸杆菌不敏感,长期和无限制应用,则可引起各种诸如口腔粘膜脱皮、溃烂、舌部、牙齿及齿科硅酸盐填料变色等副作用。另外香口胶胶基中主要以蔗糖、葡萄糖作甜味剂,牙齿表面菌斑中的致龋菌可使糖类发酵产生乳酸等有机酸,逐步使牙齿组织脱钙而形成龋洞,同时又很容易产生感染,损害人体健康。
本发明的目的是提供一种含中药的防龋口胶,它制备方法简便、食用方便,除具有一般香口胶的固齿、保健等优点外,还具有洁齿、灭菌、防龋效果显著的特点。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:该防龋口胶所含原料组成分别为厚朴提取物0.02-7.72份,植物纤维素10-70份,油脂0.2-3份,甜菊糖微囊0.16-2份、胶基15-26份;优先选用原料组成分别为厚朴提取物0.14份、植物纤维素30份、油脂2.5份、甜菊糖微囊0.8份、胶基25份。
其制备方法如下:将预制的各原料按上述处方量称取后,在搅拌机中放入胶基、植物纤维素、油脂混匀,再添加厚朴提取物、甜菊糖微囊和制取香口糖常用辅料混匀,轧制切块、包装即为成品。
由于本发明防龋口胶采用人们喜爱的口香糖胶基为载体,故除具有口香糖改善口腔卫生的保健作用外,还因甜菊糖微囊和植物纤维素替代部分糖粉,改善了口胶的味觉,同时以加入中药厚朴提取物为防龋药物,取代有副作用的防龋药,如抗生素药和洗必泰等,所以有效克服了现有口胶存在的副作用。尽管厚朴还没有作为防龋药物在实际中应用,但经实验室研究表明,其主要活性成分厚朴酚及和厚朴酚,对变形链球菌有高效快速杀菌作用,且口服毒性很小。对大肠杆菌不敏感,故长期食用不会造成肠道菌群紊乱。厚朴酚及和厚朴酚二者的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)为6.3μg/ml,最短杀菌时间为5分钟,最低杀菌浓度(MBC)为50-75μg/ml。甜菊糖是一种高甜度的天然甜味剂,是一种理想的蔗糖代用品,减少蔗糖的用量,可防止因糖类在致龋菌作用下产生过
多有机酸对牙齿组织的损害。实验证明甜菊糖不能作为变形链球菌的碳素源,不能被细菌利用产酸或生成不溶性多糖,故用在本发明的口胶中可增强防龋作用效果。将甜菊糖制成微囊状加入胶基中,使甜菊糖微囊在5-10分钟缓慢释放,延长口胶在口腔中的咀嚼时间,以克服现有口香糖在口腔中咀嚼时间超过2分钟后,会出现味觉差、口感不好的缺点,从而使本发明的口胶具有甜香、口感好、绵长持久的突出特点。植物纤维素在口腔内遇水膨胀,作为摩擦剂增加其与牙齿面的接触,可以协同胶基的粘附作用,更有利于清除牙垢与菌斑,进而提高洁齿效果。同时胶基中的糖粉,因植物纤维素的存在,还具有不被细菌利用产酸的意想不到的效果。
本发明的防龋口胶经辽宁省食品卫生监督检验所检验以及经临床观察,结果表明该防龋口胶服用安全且无毒副作用,防龋效果非常显著。其结构如下:
一、安全性
1、急性毒性试验(大、小鼠)
半数致死量(LD50)g/kg>21.50,属无毒;
2、大鼠蓄积毒性试验
连续染毒28天,动物全部存活,无中毒症状,K>5,属弱蓄积;
3、小鼠骨髓微核试验:受试物无诱变性;
4、小鼠精子畸变试验:受试物无诱变性;
5、沙门氏菌/微粒体测试致突变试验:为阴性结果。
二、有效性
防龋口胶对变链菌的最低抑菌浓度为0.05g/ml;
防龋口胶对变链菌的最低杀菌浓度为0.25g/ml。
由临床效果看,选择一年级儿童186名随机分为试验组和对照组,规定受试者每天早、午、晚三餐之后,各咀嚼一片防龋口胶,每次咀嚼5-10分钟,观察指标:新生龋发生率、进展龋发生率。结果(1)新生龋统计表:
组别 观察牙数 新生龋牙数 新生龋发生率(%)
实验组 1660 15 0.9
对照组 1810 248 13.7
两组比较差异非常显著(P<0.01)防龋口胶可使新生龋发生率降低。
(2)进展龋统计表:
组别 观察牙数 新生龋牙数 新生龋发生率(%)
实验组 417 13 3.11
对照组 385 184 47.79
两组比较差异非常显著(P<0.01),防龋口胶可使龋病停止进展。
三、质量控制指标
项目 指标
砷(AS)mg/kg ≤0.5
铅(Pb)mg/kg ≤1.0
铜(Cu)mg/kg ≤10.0
细菌总数 个/g <500
大肠菌群 个/100g <30
致病菌 不得检出
药物含量以厚朴酚计 >0.14%
以下结合实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。
本发明防龋口胶采用的原料经预先处理后再按处方量称取,其预制过程如下:
1、厚朴提取物的制备
厚朴粉碎放入乙醇或甲醇(浓度根据需要选用,一般选浓度为95%或50%较宜),加热回流提取,提取液冷却、过滤浓缩、干燥后即得厚朴提取物。
1.2、将厚朴粉碎经碱化、过滤,滤液加酸进行酸化,过滤,取沉淀物放入乙醇或甲醇溶解(浓度选用同上),过滤,滤液回收乙醇或甲醇,浓缩、干燥即得厚朴提取液。
1.3、将厚朴粉碎加水煎煮,厚朴与水比例为1∶(5-
10),煎煮两次,合并二次煎煮液,过滤、浓缩、干燥即得厚朴提取液。
1.4、厚朴提取物可用和厚朴提取物、黄连提取物、五倍子提取物等代替。
2、甜菊糖微囊的制备
将乙基纤维素与甜菊糖按(0.01-0.1)∶1之比(优先选用0.02∶1之比)放入搪砝琅夹层罐(带搅拌器、冷却器)中,为加快成囊加入聚烯烃类包囊促进剂,加热至75-85℃,乙基纤维素溶解,并搅拌、冷却至室温,滤出包囊甜菊糖,用环己烷洗涤2-3次,经真空干燥即得甜菊糖微囊。
根据需要也可将香料制成微囊后再加入胶基。
3、植物纤维素的预处理
植物纤维素的粒度以不使加工出来的口胶有粗糙感为宜,故将植物纤维素粉碎后,过不低于100目筛即可。
4、胶基的预处理
胶基采用普通口香糖的胶基,按常规方法切块,软化后备用。
5、油脂的选用
加入适量油脂可防止植物纤维素吸收唾液后膨胀很快溶出,使口胶保持适度弹性。油脂以采用植物性油脂为宜,如20-45℃的可可脂、棕榈油、棕榈仁油、椰油脂等。
6、辅料的制备
本发明所用辅料均为一般口香糖用辅料,如加入少量糖粉、葡萄糖浆作为粘合剂、甜味剂,甘油作为保湿剂,香料作为矫味剂。
实施方式一
将预制的各原料按处方量称取:厚朴提取物0.14公斤、植物纤维素30公斤、油脂2.5公斤、甜菊糖微囊0.8公斤、胶基25公斤、糖粉31公斤、葡萄糖浆7.86公斤、甘油2公斤、香料0.7公斤。先将胶基、植物纤维素、油脂放入搅拌机中混匀,再加厚朴提取物、甜菊糖微囊及其它辅料继续捏和,将捏和物轧制切块,包装即为成品。
实施方式二
将预制的各原料按处方量称取:厚朴提取物0.25公斤、植物纤维素40.3公斤、油脂3公斤、甜菊糖微囊1.2公斤、胶基25公斤、糖粉18.3公斤、葡萄糖浆10.15公斤、甘油1公斤、香精0.8公斤。其余操作步骤同实施方式一。
实施方式三
将预制的各原料按处方量称取:厚朴提取物1公斤、植物纤维素63公斤、油脂2.5公斤、甜菊糖微囊2公斤、胶基20公斤、葡萄糖浆8.5公斤、甘油2公斤、香料1公斤。其余操作步骤同实施方式一。
上述实施方式中,制成的防龋口胶每块重3-6克,以每块重5克为宜。食用时,每日三次,饭后食用,每次在口内咀嚼5-10分钟,也可根据需要适当增减食用次数。
Claims (10)
1、一种含中药的防龋口胶,其特征是所含原料组成分别为厚朴提取物0.02-7.72份,植物纤维素10-70份,油脂0.2-3份,甜菊糖微囊0.16-2份、胶基15-26份。
2、根据权利要求1所述的防龋口及,其特征是所含原料组成分别为厚朴提取物0.14份、植物纤维素30份、油脂2.5份、甜菊糖微囊0.8份、胶基25份。
3、根据权利要求1或2所述的防龋口胶,其特征是所用厚朴提取物可用和厚朴提取物、黄连提取物、五倍子提取物代替。
4、根据权利要求1或2所述的防龋口胶的制备方法,其特征是将预制的各原料按上述处方量称取厚朴提取物0.02-7.72份、植物纤维素10-70份、油脂0.2-3份、甜菊糖微囊0.16-2份、胶基15-26份,先在搅拌机中放入胶基、植物纤维素、油脂混匀,再添加厚朴提取物、甜菊糖微囊和制取香口糖常用辅料混匀,轧制切块、包装即为成品。
5、根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征是预制厚朴提取物的工艺过程为:将厚朴粉碎放入乙醇或甲醇,加热回流提取,提取液冷却、过滤、浓缩、干燥后即得厚朴提取物。
6、根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征是预制厚朴提取物的工艺过程为:将厚朴粉碎经碱化、过滤、滤液加酸进行酸化、过滤,取沉淀物放入乙醇或甲醇溶解,过滤,滤液回收乙醇或甲醇,浓缩、干燥即得厚朴提取物。
7、根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征是预制厚朴提取物的工艺过程为:将厚朴粉碎加水煎煮,厚朴与水比例为1∶(5-10),煎煮两次,合并二次煎煮液,过滤、浓缩、干燥即得厚朴提取物。
8、根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征是预制甜菊糖微囊的工艺过程为:将乙基纤维素与甜菊糖按(0.01-0.1)∶1之比,放入糖珐琅夹层罐中加热搅拌,加热至75-85℃,乙基纤维素溶解,冷却至室温,滤出包囊甜菊糖,用环己烷洗涤2-3次,经真空干燥即得甜菊糖微囊。
9、根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征是预制植物纤维素的工艺过程为:将植物纤维素粉碎,过不低于100目筛即得。
10、根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征是所用胶基为普通口香糖用胶基。
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| US7632525B2 (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2009-12-15 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Breath freshening and oral cleansing product with magnolia bark extract in combination with surface active agents |
| US7347985B2 (en) | 2002-06-25 | 2008-03-25 | Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company | Breath freshening and oral cleansing product with magnolia bark extract |
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| US7592025B2 (en) | 2005-12-02 | 2009-09-22 | Gic Innovations Company | Vehicles for oral care with magnolia bark extract |
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