CN109575216A - 塑料光学镜片用聚硫醇组合物 - Google Patents
塑料光学镜片用聚硫醇组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109575216A CN109575216A CN201811489034.6A CN201811489034A CN109575216A CN 109575216 A CN109575216 A CN 109575216A CN 201811489034 A CN201811489034 A CN 201811489034A CN 109575216 A CN109575216 A CN 109575216A
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- thiol compound
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- polythiol compositions
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 229920006295 polythiol Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 20
- -1 poly-thiol compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002578 polythiourethane polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 9
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 6
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 4
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
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- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous cyanic acid Natural products OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- QKFJKGMPGYROCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl isothiocyanate Chemical compound S=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1 QKFJKGMPGYROCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QOKSGFNBBSSNAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanato-3,4-dimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C(N=C=O)=C1C QOKSGFNBBSSNAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HMDXXHVBUMKDQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanato-3-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(N=C=O)=C1N=C=O HMDXXHVBUMKDQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSCLFFBWRKTMTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound O=C=NCC1CCCC(CN=C=O)C1 XSCLFFBWRKTMTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGLRLXLDMZCFBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-diisocyanato-2,4,4-trimethylhexane Chemical compound O=C=NCC(C)CC(C)(C)CCN=C=O QGLRLXLDMZCFBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYWLCPPRVXKFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(isocyanatomethyl)-4-[4-(isocyanatomethyl)phenyl]sulfanylbenzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CN=C=O)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(CN=C=O)C=C1 RYWLCPPRVXKFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXIWPQKLPMINAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-2,3-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(N=C=O)=C1N=C=O AXIWPQKLPMINAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QLOQTKGUQKAAAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-2-(2-isocyanatoethoxy)ethane Chemical class O=C=NCCOCCN=C=O QLOQTKGUQKAAAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHTGWMSMTTXVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-2-(2-isocyanatoethyldisulfanyl)ethane Chemical compound O=C=NCCSSCCN=C=O JHTGWMSMTTXVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUVLJNYSCQAYLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-2-(2-isocyanatoethylsulfanyl)ethane Chemical compound O=C=NCCSCCN=C=O QUVLJNYSCQAYLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YOZSXPKSCZXESI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-4-(4-isocyanatophenyl)sulfanylbenzene Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 YOZSXPKSCZXESI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXODMIMTGATJKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(isocyanatomethyl)furan Chemical class O=C=NCC1=CC=C(CN=C=O)O1 YXODMIMTGATJKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GNDOBZLRZOCGAS-JTQLQIEISA-N 2-isocyanatoethyl (2s)-2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCC[C@H](N=C=O)C(=O)OCCN=C=O GNDOBZLRZOCGAS-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 2
- XQQBUAPQHNYYRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthiophene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CS1 XQQBUAPQHNYYRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYMIYBJLRRIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tolyl isocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O VAYMIYBJLRRIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MEKXHFAEAKDYRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-sulfanylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCS.OC(=O)CCS MEKXHFAEAKDYRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BNNMDMGPZUOOOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1.CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 BNNMDMGPZUOOOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZVYRAPAEDGPGAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CS)(=O)O.C(C)(=S)O Chemical compound C(CS)(=O)O.C(C)(=S)O ZVYRAPAEDGPGAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRANNTKZJNTXAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1=C(C)C(C)=CC=C1.N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O Chemical compound CC1=C(C)C(C)=CC=C1.N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O JRANNTKZJNTXAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical class N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QENGPZGAWFQWCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylthiophene Natural products CC=1C=CSC=1 QENGPZGAWFQWCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMRDSWJXRLDPBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.C1CCCCC1 Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.C1CCCCC1 OMRDSWJXRLDPBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HDONYZHVZVCMLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CC1CCCCC1 Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CC1CCCCC1 HDONYZHVZVCMLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQSSNGKVNWXYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CCC(C)CC(C)(C)C Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CCC(C)CC(C)(C)C OQSSNGKVNWXYOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MFWSSBVVMCUQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCC(C)(C)C Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.CCCC(C)(C)C MFWSSBVVMCUQFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRNAHSCPGKWOIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O.C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound N=C=O.N=C=O.N=C=O.C1=CC=CC=C1 LRNAHSCPGKWOIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- RLGQACBPNDBWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cetyltrimethylammonium ion Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C RLGQACBPNDBWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JAXFJECJQZDFJS-XHEPKHHKSA-N gtpl8555 Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](B1O[C@@]2(C)[C@H]3C[C@H](C3(C)C)C[C@H]2O1)CCC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JAXFJECJQZDFJS-XHEPKHHKSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/3855—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having sulfur
- C08G18/3876—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having sulfur containing mercapto groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/52—Polythioethers
-
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Abstract
实施方案涉及一种塑料光学镜片用聚硫醇组合物及由此所得的聚硫氨酯类塑料光学镜片,实施方案通过使用适当量的第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,可以在5~15℃的低温下调节聚合初期组合物的粘度,使得组合物的粘度上升速度及聚合速度稳定化,从而可以防止脉理、气泡等的发生,其中,上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基的氢结合性官能团,上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。进而通过上述组合物可以获得具有优异的外观特性(脉理X,气泡X)及光学特性的眼镜镜片、相机镜片等各种塑料光学镜片。
Description
技术领域
实施方案涉及一种塑料光学镜片用聚硫醇组合物及由此获得的聚硫氨酯(polythiourethane)类塑料光学镜片。
背景技术
相比由玻璃等无机材料构成的光学材料,利用塑料的光学材料轻量、不易碎、染色性优秀,因此各种树脂的塑料材料作为眼镜镜片、相机镜片等的光学材料被广泛应用。随着近年来对更高性能及便利性的需求增加,对具有高透明性、高折射率、低比重、高耐热性、高耐冲击性等特性的光学材料的研究正在持续。
聚硫氨酯类化合物因其优秀的光学特性及机械物理性能而作为光学材料被广泛应用。聚硫氨酯类化合物是让聚硫醇化合物(polythiol compound)和异氰酸酯化合物(isocyanate compound)反应后制得,上述聚硫醇化合物、异氰酸酯化合物的物理性能将大大影响所制得的聚硫氨酯类化合物的物理性能。
具体地,包含聚硫醇化合物和异氰酸酯化合物的聚合性组合物,如果在聚合/固化初期组合物的粘度低,则组合物可能会对流,从而形成脉理或气泡,引起由此所得的光学材料,例如塑料透镜的缺陷。
例如,日本公开专利公报平7-252207号公开了一种使用四硫醇(tetrathiol)和聚异(硫)氰酸酯化合物(polyiso(thio)cyanate compound)所得的塑料镜片,但是存在如下问题,上述专利中使用的四硫醇在低温下形成交联结构,因此聚合过程中粘度过度上升,从而容易发生脉理。
为了防止脉理或气泡等的形成,可以考虑如下方法,即通过使用含有氢结合性官能团的化合物,在聚合初期将组合物的粘度提高到适当水平。然而,当过量使用含有上述氢结合性官能团的化合物时,粘度上升速度过快,脉理发生反而会增加。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本公开专利公报平7-252207号
发明要解决的课题
因此,实施方案使用适当量的具有氢结合性官能团的聚硫醇化合物,由此调节含有其的聚合性组合物的聚合初期的粘度上升速度及反应速度等,从而减少脉理、气泡等的发生,欲提供一种高品质的聚硫氨酯类化合物及塑料光学镜片。
发明内容
一个实施方案提供一种聚硫醇组合物,其包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基的氢结合性官能团,上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。
另一个实施方案提供一种聚硫醇组合物,其包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有只含四个巯基的氢结合性官能团,上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有含有三个巯基及一个羟基的氢结合性官能团。
又一个实施方案提供一种聚合性组合物,其包含聚硫醇组合物及聚异氰酸酯化合物,上述聚硫醇组合物包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基的氢结合性官能团,上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。
再一个实施方案提供一种光学镜片,其包含通过固化聚合性组合物形成的聚硫氨酯类树脂,上述聚合性组合物包含聚硫醇组合物及聚异氰酸酯化合物,上述聚硫醇组合物包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基的氢结合性官能团,上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。
发明效果
实施方案通过使用适当量的第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,可以在5~15℃的低温下调节聚合初期组合物的粘度,使得组合物的粘度上升速度及聚合速度稳定化,从而可以防止脉理、气泡等的发生,其中,上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基的氢结合性官能团,上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。进而通过上述组合物可以获得具有优异的外观特性(脉理X,气泡X)及光学特性的眼镜镜片、相机镜片等各种塑料光学镜片。
具体实施方式
在下文中,将通过实施例详细描述本发明。实施例并不限定于以下所揭示的内容,在不改变本发明主旨的前提下,可以有多种变形形态。
在本说明书中,所谓“包含”意味着可以包含其他构成要素,除非另有说明。
另外,应该理解本说明书中记载的表示构成成分的量、反应条件等的所有数字及表达将通过术语“约”进行修饰,除非另有说明。
在本说明书中,第一、第二等术语是为了说明各种构成要素而使用的,上述构成要素并不限定于上述术语。上述术语仅用于区分一个构成要素与其他构成要素。
一个实施方案提供一种聚硫醇组合物,其包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基(mercapto group)的氢结合性官能团,上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。
在上述聚硫醇组合物中,相对于100重量份的上述第一聚硫醇化合物,上述第二聚硫醇化合物的含量可以是2乃至30重量份、2乃至25重量份、3乃至25重量份、3乃至20重量份。
上述第一聚硫醇化合物可具有三个以上或四个以上的巯基,具体地,可具有四个以上的巯基,更具体地,可具有四个巯基。
以组合物的总重量为基准,上述第一聚硫醇化合物的含量可以是50乃至99重量%、50乃至85重量%、55乃至99重量%、55乃至90重量%、60乃至85重量%或65乃至85重量%。另外,上述第一聚硫醇化合物可具有350乃至600g/mol或400乃至500g/mol的重均分子量(Mw)。进一步,以上述第一聚硫醇化合物的总摩尔数为基准,上述第一聚硫醇化合物可包含20乃至34mol%或24乃至34mol%的氧原子。
上述第二聚硫醇化合物可具有三个巯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。这里的巯基以外的氢结合性官能团可以是羟基(hydroxyl group)、胺基(amine group)、酰胺基(amide group)、羧基(carboxyl group)等。具体地,上述第二聚硫醇化合物可具有三个以上的巯基及一个以上的氢结合性官能团,更具体地,可具有三个巯基及一个羟基。
以组合物的总重量为基准,上述第二聚硫醇化合物的含量可以是1乃至50重量%、1乃至45重量%、1乃至40重量%、3乃至15重量%、3乃至13重量%或4乃至12重量%。当含量在上述范围内时,可适当调节包含上述聚硫醇组合物的聚合性组合物的粘度,使得聚合初期的粘度上升速度及聚合速度稳定化,从而可以防止脉理、气泡等的发生。另外,上述第二聚硫醇化合物可具有275乃至575g/mol或315乃至475g/mol的重均分子量(Mw)。
进一步,以上述第二聚硫醇化合物的总摩尔数为基准,上述第二聚硫醇化合物可包含20乃至35mol%或25乃至35mol%的氧原子。
根据一个实施例,上述聚硫醇组合物可包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有仅含四个巯基的氢结合性官能团,上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有含有三个巯基及一个羟基的氢结合性官能团。
在一个实施例中,上述第一聚硫醇化合物可以是由以下化学式4和/或5表示的化合物,上述第二聚硫醇化合物可以是由以下化学式6和/或7表示的化合物:
具体地,根据一个实施例的聚硫醇组合物可包含由上述化学式4表示的第一聚硫醇化合物及由上述化学式6表示的第二聚硫醇化合物。进一步,以聚硫醇组合物的总重量为基准,可包含50乃至85重量%的由上述化学式4表示的第一聚硫醇化合物及3乃至15重量%的由上述化学式6表示的第二聚硫醇化合物。
另外,根据一个实施例的聚硫醇组合物可包含由上述化学式5表示的第一聚硫醇化合物及由上述化学式7表示的第二聚硫醇化合物。进一步,以聚硫醇组合物的总重量为基准,可包含50乃至85重量%的由上述化学式5表示的第一聚硫醇化合物及3乃至15重量%的由上述化学式7表示的第二聚硫醇化合物。
进一步,根据一个实施例的聚硫醇组合物可包含由上述化学式4和5表示的第一聚硫醇化合物及由上述化学式6和7表示的第二聚硫醇化合物。进一步,以聚硫醇组合物的总重量为基准,可包含50乃至85重量%的由上述化学式4和5表示的第一聚硫醇化合物及3乃至15重量%的由上述化学式6和7表示的第二聚硫醇化合物。
上述聚硫醇组合物可以是由以下化学式1表示的化合物、由以下化学式2表示的化合物及/或者由以下化学式3表示的化合物进行非加水缩合反应后所得的。
具体地,上述聚硫醇组合物可以是由上述化学式1表示的化合物(季戊四醇(pentaerythritol))和由上述化学式2表示的化合物(巯基乙酸(thioglycolic acid))或者由上述化学式3表示的化合物(3-巯基丙酸(3-mercaptopropionic acid))在具有磺酸(sulfonic acid)催化剂的情况下在有机溶剂中缓慢升温至有机溶剂的沸点并通过共沸蒸馏来制备。
此时,反应温度可以是60乃至150℃,或者是60乃至130℃。上述反应时的催化剂,可以使用对甲苯磺酸(para-toluenesulfonic acid)、硫酸(sulfuric acid)、苯磺酸(benzenesulfonic acid)、萘磺酸(naphthalenesulfonic acid)、氟磺酸(fluorosulfonicacid)和氯磺酸(chlorosulfonic acid)等磺酸系列。上述有机溶剂优选沸点为60乃至130℃的,以便与水共沸蒸馏,例如,可使用甲苯(toluene)、二甲苯(xylene)、苯(benzene)、己烷(hexane)、庚烷(heptane)等有机溶剂。如果有机溶剂的沸点低于60℃,则反应有可能难以进行,如果高于130℃,则由于硫醇(thiol)之间的反应而形成二硫化物(disulfide),因此合成的化合物的粘度和分子量有可能急剧增加。
通过上述反应所获得的聚硫醇组合物还可以进一步经过纯化。例如,可以实施多次碱水溶液洗净、酸水溶液洗净及清水洗净。经过洗净步骤仅获得有机层,从而可获得所需的包含聚硫醇化合物的聚硫醇组合物。
此后,根据需要,进行干燥、过滤等,可获得所需化合物。
在上述聚硫醇组合物中,如果以同量的由上述化学式1表示的化合物为基准,当由化学式2表示的化合物及/或者由化学式3表示的化合物的含量不同时,根据它们的反应,反应后生成的化合物的种类可能会不同。
具体地,上述聚硫醇组合物是1摩尔的由上述化学式1表示的化合物与3.7乃至5摩尔或者4.0乃至4.8摩尔的由上述化学式2表示的化合物及/或者由上述化学式3表示的化合物反应后所得,此时,生成的聚硫醇组合物所包含的主成分可以是由上述化学式4及/或化学式5表示的化合物。
另外,上述聚硫醇组合物是1摩尔的由上述化学式1表示的化合物与2.5乃至3.6摩尔或者3.0乃至3.6摩尔的由上述化学式2表示的化合物及/或者由上述化学式3表示的化合物反应后所得。此时,生成的聚硫醇组合物所包含的主成分可以是由上述化学式6及/或化学式7表示的化合物。
如上上述,实施方案可以提供一种由上述化学式1表示的化合物、由上述化学式2表示的化合物及/或者由上述化学式3表示的化合物进行非加水缩合反应后所得的聚硫醇组合物的制造方法。
实施方案提供一种包含上述聚硫醇组合物及聚异氰酸酯(polyisocyanate)化合物的聚合性组合物。具体地,上述聚合性组合物包含聚硫醇组合物及聚异氰酸酯化合物,上述聚硫醇组合物包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基的氢结合性官能团,上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。
上述聚合性组合物在5乃至15℃的温度和0.1乃至10torr的压力下消泡0.5乃至3小时后,在10℃下可具有50乃至100cps、60乃至100cps、70至100cps、或者75至100cps的粘度。上述聚合性组合物只有在具有上述范围内的粘度时,才能在聚合过程中维持反应性以防止气泡的发生,并防止固化后产生脉理等固化不均匀性。
上述聚异氰酸酯化合物没有特别限定,只要是一个分子中具有至少两个以上的异氰酸酯基的化合物即可。
具体地,可以提及六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(hexamethylene diisocyanate)、1,5-戊烷二异氰酸酯(1,5-pentane diisocyanate)、2,2-二甲基戊烷二异氰酸酯(2,2-dimethylpentane diisocyanate)、2,2,4-三甲基己烷二异氰酸酯(2,2,4-trimethylhexane diisocyanate)、丁烯二异氰酸酯(butene diisocyanate)、1,3-丁二烯-1,4-二异氰酸酯(1,3-butadiene-1,4-diisocyanate)、2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate)、1,6,11-十一烷三异氰酸酯(1,6,11-undecane triisocyanate)、1,3,6-六亚甲基三异氰酸酯(1,3,6-hexamethylenetriisocyanate)、1,8-异氰酸基-4-异氰酸基甲基辛烷(1,8-isocyanato-4-isocyanatomethyloctane)、二(异氰酸基乙基)碳酸酯(bis(isocyanatoethyl)carbonate)、二(异氰酸基乙基)醚(bis(isocyanatoethyl)ether)、赖氨酸二异氰酸基甲酯(lysine diisocyanato methyl ester)、赖氨酸三异氰酸酯(lysine triisocyanate)、1,2-二异硫氰酸基乙烷(1,2-diisothiocyanatoethane)、1,6-二异硫氰酸基己烷(1,6-diisothiocyanatohexane)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(isophorone diisocyanate)、二(异氰酸基甲基)环己烷(bis(isocyanato methyl)cyclo hexane)、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯(dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate)、环己烷二异氰酸酯(cyclohexanediisocyanate)、甲基环己烷二异氰酸酯(methylcyclohexane diisocyanate)、二环己基二甲基甲烷异氰酸酯(dicyclohexyldimethylmethane isocyanate)、2,5-二(异氰酸基甲基)-二环[2.2.1]庚烷(2,5-bis(isocyanatomethyl)-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane)、2,6-二(异氰酸基甲基)-二环[2.2.1]庚烷(2,6-bis(isocyanatomethyl)-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane)、3,8-二(异氰酸基甲基)三环癸烷(3,8-bis(isocyanatomethyl)tricyclodecane)、3,9-二(异氰酸基甲基)三环癸烷(3,9-bis(isocyanatomethyl)tricyclodecane)、4,8-二(异氰酸基甲基)三环癸烷(4,8-bis(isocyanatomethyl)tricyclodecane)、4,9-二(异氰酸基甲基)三环癸烷(4,9-bis(isocyanatomethyl)tricyclodecane)、二(4-异氰酸基环己基)甲烷(bis(4-isocyanatocyclohexyl)methane)、1,3-二(异氰酸基甲基)环己烷(1,3-bis(isocyanato methyl)cyclo hexane)、1,4-二(异氰酸基甲基)环己烷(1,4-bis(isocyanatomethyl)cyclohexane)、环己烷二异硫氰酸酯(cyclohexane diisothiocyanate)等脂肪族聚异氰酸酯化合物;1,2-二异氰酸基苯(1,2-diisocyanatobenzene)、1,3-二异氰酸基苯(1,3-diisocyanatobenzen)、1,4-二异氰酸基苯(1,4-diisocyanatobenzen)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(tolylene diisocyanate)、2,4-二异氰酸基甲苯(2,4-diisocyanatotoluene)、2,6-二异氰酸基甲苯(2,6-diisocyanatotoluene)、乙基亚苯基二异氰酸酯(ethylphenylenediisocyanate)、异丙基亚苯基二异氰酸酯(isopropylphenylene diisocyanate)、二甲基亚苯基二异氰酸酯(dimethylphenylenediisocyanate)、二乙基亚苯基二异氰酸酯(diethylphenylenediisocyanate)、二异丙基亚苯基二异氰酸酯(diisopropylphenylene diisocyanate)、三甲基苯三异氰酸酯(trimethylbenzene triisocyanate)、苯三异氰酸酯(benzene triisocyanate)、联苯二异氰酸酯(biphenyl diisocyanate)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(toluene diisocyanate)、甲苯胺二异氰酸酯(toluidine diisocyanate)、4,4'-亚甲基二(苯基异氰酸酯)(4,4'-methylene bis(phenyl isocyanate))、4,4'-亚甲基二(2-甲基苯基异氰酸酯)(4,4'-methylene bis(2-methylphenyl isocyanate))、二苯-4,4'-二异氰酸酯(dibenzyl-4,4'-diisocyanate)、二(异氰酸基苯基)乙烯(bis(isocyanatophenyl)ethylene)、二(异氰酸基甲基)苯(bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene)、间苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(m-xylylene diisocyanate)、二(异氰酸基乙基)苯(bis(isocyanatoethyl)benzene)、二(异氰酸基丙基)苯(bis(isocyanatopropyl)benzene)、α,α,α',α'-四甲基苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(α,α,α',α'-tetramethyl xylylene diisocyanate)、二(异氰酸基丁基)苯(bis(isocyanatobutyl)benzene)、二(异氰酸基甲基)萘(bis(isocyanatomethyl)naphthalene)、二(异氰酸基甲基苯基)醚(bis(isocyanatomethylphenyl)ether)、二(异氰酸基乙基)邻苯二甲酸酯(bis(isocyanatoethyl)phthalate)、2,5-二(异氰酸基甲基)呋喃(2,5-di(isocyanatomethyl)furan)、1,2-二异硫氰酸苯(1,2-diisothiocyanatobenzene)、1,3-二异硫氰酸苯(1,3-diisothiocyanatobenzene)、1,4-二异硫氰酸苯(1,3-diisothiocyanatobenzene)、2,4-二异硫氰酸甲苯(2,4-diisothiocyanatotoluene)、2,5-二异硫氰酸-间二甲苯(2,5-diisothiocyanato-m-xylene)、4,4'-亚甲基二(苯基异硫氰酸酯)(4,4'-methylene bis(phenyl isothiocyanate))、4,4'-亚甲基二(2-甲基苯基异硫氰酸酯)(4,4'-methylenebis(2-methylphenyl isothiocyanate))、4,4'-亚甲基二(3-甲基苯基异硫氰酸酯)(4,4'-methylene bis(3-methylphenyl isothiocyanate))、4,4'-二异硫氰酸二苯甲酮(4,4'-diisothiocyanatobenzophenone)、4,4'-二异硫氰酸-3,3'-二甲基二苯甲酮(4,4'-diisothiocyanato-3,3'-dimethylbenzophenone)、二(4-异硫氰酸基苯基)醚(bis(4-isothiocyanatophenyl)ether)等芳香族聚异硫氰酸酯(polyisothiocyanate)化合物;二(异氰酸基甲基)硫化物(bis(isocyanatomethyl)sulfide)、二(异氰酸基乙基)硫化物(bis(isocyanatoethyl)sulfide)、二(异氰酸基丙基)硫化物(bis(isocyanatopropyl)sulfide)、二(异氰酸基己烷)硫化物(bis(isocyanathexyl)sulfide)、二(异氰酸基甲基)砜(bis(isocyanatomethyl)sulfone)、二(异氰酸基甲基)二硫化物(bis(isocyanatomethyl)disulfide)、二(异氰酸基乙基)二硫化物(bis(isocyanatoethyl)disulfide)、二(异氰酸基丙基)二硫化物(bis(isocyanatopropyl)disulfide)、二(异氰酸基甲基硫代)甲烷(bis(isocyanato methyl thio)methane)、二(异氰酸基乙基硫代)甲烷(bis(isocyanato ethyl thio)methane)、二(异氰酸基甲基硫代)乙烷(bis(isocyanatomethyl thio)ethane)、二(异氰酸基乙基硫代)乙烷(bis(isocyanato ethyl thio)ethane)、1,5-二异氰酸基-2-异氰酸基甲基-3-硫戊烷(1,5-diisocyanato-2-isocyanatomethyl-3-thiapentane)、1,2,3-三(异氰酸基甲基硫基)丙烷(1,2,3-tris(isocyanatomethylthio)propane)、1,2,3-三(异氰酸基乙基硫基)丙烷(1,2,3-tris(isocyanatoethylthio)propane)、3,5-二硫杂-1,2,6,7-庚烷四异氰酸酯(3,5-dithia-1,2,6,7-heptane tetraisocyanate)、2,6-二异氰酸基甲基-3,5-二硫杂-1,7-庚烷二异氰酸酯(2,6-diisocyanatomethyl-3,5-dithia-1,7-heptane diisocyanate)、2,5-二异氰酸酯甲基噻吩(2,5-diisocyanate methylthiophene)、4-异氰酸基乙硫基-2,6-二硫杂-1,8-辛烷二异氰酸酯(4-isocyanatoethylthio-2,6-dithia-1,8-octane diisocyanate)、硫代二(3-异硫氰酸基丙烷)(thiobis(3-isothiocyanatopropane))、硫代二(2-异硫氰酸基乙烷)(thiobis(2-isothiocyanatoethane))、二硫代二(2-异硫氰酸基乙烷)(dithiobis(2-isothiocyanatoethane))、2,5-二异氰酸基四氢噻吩(2,5-diisocyanatotetrahydrothiophene)、2,5-二异氰酸基甲基四氢噻吩(2,5-diisocyanatomethyltetrahydrothiophene)、3,4-二异氰酸基甲基四氢噻吩(3,4-diisocynatomethyltetrahydrothiophene)、2,5-二异氰酸基-1,4-二噻烷(2,5-diisocyanato-1,4-dithiane)、2,5-二异氰酸基甲基-1,4-二噻烷(2,5-diisocyanatomethyl-1,4-dithiane)、4,5-二异氰酸基-1,3-二硫戊环(4,5-diisocyanato-1,3-dithiolane)、4,5-二(异氰酸基甲基)-1,3-二硫戊环(4,5-bis(isocyanatomethyl)-1,3-dithiolane)、4,5-二异氰酸基甲基-2-甲基-1,3-二硫戊环(4,5-diisocyanatomethyl-2-methyl-1,3-dithiolane)等含硫(sulfur-containing)脂肪族聚异氰酸酯化合物;2-异氰酸基苯基-4-异氰酸基苯基硫化物(2-isocyanatophenyl-4-isocyanatophenylsulfide)、二(4-异氰酸基苯基)硫化物(bis(4-isocyanatophenyl)sulfide)、二(4-异氰酸基甲基苯基)硫化物(bis(4-isocyanatomethylphenyl)sulfide)等芳香族硫化物类聚异氰酸酯化合物;二(4-异氰酸基苯基)二硫化物(bis(4-isocyanatophenyl)disulfide)、二(2-甲基-5-异氰酸基苯基)二硫化物(bis(2-methyl-5-isocyanatophenyl)disulfide)、二(3-甲基-5-异氰酸基苯基)二硫化物(bis(3-methyl-5-isocyanatophenyl)disulfid)、二(3-甲基-6-异氰酸基苯基)二硫化物(bis(3-methyl-6-isocyanatophenyl)disulfide)、二(4-甲基-5-异氰酸基苯基)二硫化物(bis(4-methyl-5-isocyanatophenyl)disulfide)、二(4-甲氧基-3-异氰酸基苯基)二硫化物(bis(4-methoxy-3-isocyanatophenyl)disulfide)等芳香族二硫化物类聚异氰酸酯化合物。
更具体地,上述聚异氰酸酯化合物可以是1,3-二(异氰酸基甲基)环己烷(1,3-bis(isocyanato methyl)cyclo hexane)、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(hexamethylenediisocyanate)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(isophorone diisocyanate)、间苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(m-xylylene diisocyanate)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(toluene diisocyanate)或者这些的混合物。
另外,还可以使用如上所述的聚异氰酸酯化合物的卤素取代体(如氯取代体、溴取代体等)、烷基(alkyl)取代体、烷氧基(alkoxy)取代体、硝基(nitro)取代体、或者与多元醇(polyhydric alcohol)的预聚物(prepolymer)型改性产物、碳二亚胺(carbodiimide)改性产物、尿素(urea)改性产物、缩二脲(biuret)改性产物、二聚或三聚反应产物等。此时,上述各化合物可以单独或混合2种以上来使用。
根据目的,上述聚合性组合物还可以包含内部脱模剂、热稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂、上蓝剂(blueing agent)等添加剂。
上述内部脱模剂可以从具有全氟烷基(perfluoroalkyl group)、羟烷基(hydroxyalkyl group)、或者磷酸酯基(phosphate ester group)的氟系列非离子界面活性剂;具有二甲基聚硅氧烷基(dimethylpolysiloxane group)、羟烷基(hydroxyalkylgroup)、或者磷酸酯基(phosphate ester group)的硅胶系列非离子界面活性剂;如三甲基十六烷基铵盐(trimethylcetyl ammonium salt)、三甲基十八烷基(trimethylstearylammonium salt)、二甲基乙基十六烷基铵盐(dimethylethylcetyl ammonium salt)、三乙基十二烷基铵盐(triethyldodecyl ammonium salt)、三辛基甲基铵盐(trioctylmethylammonium salt)、二乙基环己基十二烷基铵盐(diethylcyclohexadodecyl ammoniumsalt)等烷基季铵盐(alkyl quaternary ammonium salts);以及酸性磷酸酯中选择,其成分可以单独或混合2种以上一起使用。
上述热稳定剂可使用金属脂肪酸盐类、磷类、铅类、有机锡类等中的1种或者2种以上。
上述紫外线吸收剂可使用苯甲酮(benzophenone)类、苯并三唑(benzotriazole)类、水杨酸(salicylate)类、氰基丙烯酸酯(cyanoacrylate)类、草酰替苯胺(oxanilide)类等。
上述上蓝剂对可见光区域中的橙色至黄色的波域具有吸收带,并具有对由树脂制成的光学材料的色相进行调整的功能。上述上蓝剂具体可包含表现出蓝色至紫色的物质,但并不限定于此。此外,上述上蓝剂可以提及染料、荧光增白剂、荧光颜料、无机颜料等,但是可以配合所要制造的光学部件要求的物理性质、树脂色相等适当选择。上述上蓝剂可以分别单独使用或者组合两种以上来使用。
从对聚合性组合物的溶解性的观点以及所获得的光学材料的透明性的观点来看,上述上蓝剂优选染料。关于上述染料,从吸收波长的观点来看,具体可以是极大吸收波长为520~600nm的染料,更加具体地,可以是极大吸收波长为540~580nm的染料。此外,从化合物结构的观点来看,上述染料优选蒽醌(anthraquinone)类染料。上蓝剂的添加方法并没有特别限定,可以事先添加至单体(monomer)系列中。具体地,上述上蓝剂的添加方法可使用如下多种方法:溶解于单体中的方法;或者,制造出含有高浓度上蓝剂的母液(mastersolution),并用使用上述母液的单体或者其他添加剂稀释后添加的方法等。
实施方案提供一种从如上所述的聚合性组合物所得的聚硫氨酯类化合物。具体地,在5℃乃至15℃的温度下预聚合上述聚合性组合物,将其固化后可获得聚硫氨酯类化合物。
更具体地,在减压下对上述聚合性组合物进行脱气(degassing)后,注入到镜片成形用模具中。像这样的脱气及模具内的注入,例如可以在0~30℃或者5~15℃的低温温度范围内进行。注入到模具中后,在相同的温度条件(低温)下进行预聚合以稳定聚合速度。具体地,在0~30℃或者5~15℃的温度下预聚合1乃至30小时、或者1乃至20小时,可以防止加热固化时因聚合速度太快(即快速固化)而发生的对流现象及由此产生的脉理等,从而可以防止镜片的外观缺陷。
预聚合之后,通过常规方法进行聚合。例如,将上述组合物从常温逐渐加热至高温而进行聚合。上述聚合反应的温度,例如可以是20~150℃,具体地,可以是25~130℃。
此后,将聚硫氨酯类塑料光学镜片从模具分离。
通过更换制造过程中所使用的模具的模,上述聚硫氨酯类塑料光学镜片可以被制成各种形状。具体地,可以是眼镜镜片、相机镜片等形态。
实施方案通过这些方法提供一种由聚硫氨酯类化合物模塑而成的聚硫氨酯类塑料光学镜片。具体地,上述光学镜片包含通过固化聚合性组合物而形成的聚硫氨酯类树脂,上述聚合性组合物包含聚硫醇组合物及异氰酸酯组合物,上述聚硫醇组合物包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基的氢结合性官能团,上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。
根据需要,为了防止反射、赋予高硬度、提高耐磨耗性、提高耐药性、赋予防雾性(anti-fogging)、或者赋予时尚性(fashionity),可以对上述塑料光学镜片实施表面研磨、防带电处理、硬涂层处理、防反射涂层处理、染色处理、调光处理等物理性、化学性处理进行改良。
上述塑料光学镜片可具有1.5910乃至1.5991或1.5912乃至1.5991的折射率。另外,上述塑料光学镜片可具有85乃至95℃、85乃至93℃、或者88乃至92℃的玻璃转移温度(℃)。
如此,实施方案通过使用适当量的第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,可以在5~15℃的低温下调节聚合初期组合物的粘度,使得组合物的粘度上升速度及聚合速度稳定化,从而可以防止脉理、气泡等的发生,其中,上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基的氢结合性官能团,上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。进而通过上述组合物可以获得具有优异的外观特性(脉理X,气泡X)及光学特性的眼镜镜片、相机镜片等各种塑料光学镜片。
根据下述实施例,对上述内容作更加详细的说明。但是,下述实施例仅仅是为了例示本发明而已,本发明的范围并不限定于这些实施例。
[实施例]
合成例1:聚硫醇化合物的制备
将巯基乙酸(thioglycolic acid)187.5克(2.04摩尔)、季戊四醇(pentaerythritol)63.0克(0.46摩尔)、对甲苯磺酸(p-toluenesulfonic acid)0.8克、甲苯(toluene)469.0克投入到设有机械式搅拌器、包含冷却管的Dean-Stark、与温度调节装置相连的温度计及加热器的反应器中,并搅拌60分钟,然后在130℃下反应8小时。此时,将氮气管安装到反应器内部,并连续注入氮气,除去反应器内部的在反应过程中产生的水,由此将反应诱导至正反应。此时,除去的水量是理论量的98.9%。然后,将温度降至室温,依次进行碱洗净、酸洗净和清水洗净,由此得到有机层。将得到的有机层加热减压除去溶剂,然后冷却至室温并过滤,得到199.5g的聚硫醇组合物,该聚硫醇组合物的主成分是由上述化学式4表示的化合物。
利用液相色谱仪(Shimadzu,Nexera SR,检测器;photo-diode array(PDA)),并通过绝对校准曲线法对上述所得的组合物进行定量,以分析组合物中包含的化合物。其结果,包含由上述化学式4表示的聚硫醇化合物76重量%、由上述化学式6表示的聚硫醇化合物2重量%、除了上述化学式4及6以外的其他低聚物化合物(oligomer compound)22重量%。
合成例2:聚硫醇化合物的制备
除了使用巯基乙酸147.3g(1.60摩尔)、季戊四醇66.0g(0.48摩尔)及甲苯491.3g以外,用和上述合成例1相同的方法进行。上述反应过程中除去的水量是理论量的98.5%。
上述反应结果,得到200.6g的聚硫醇组合物,该聚硫醇组合物的主成分是由上述化学式6表示的聚硫醇化合物。通过绝对校准曲线法对上述所得的组合物进行分析的结果,包含由上述化学式6表示的聚硫醇化合物79重量%、由上述化学式4表示的聚硫醇化合物20重量%、除了上述化学式4及6以外的其他低聚物化合物1重量%。
合成例3:聚硫醇化合物的制备
除了将3-巯基丙酸(3-mercaptopropionic acid)193.5g(1.82摩尔)、季戊四醇56.4g(0.41mol)、对甲苯磺酸(p-toluenesulfonic acid)0.7g及甲苯420.0g投入到反应器中之外,用和上述合成例1相同的方法进行。上述反应过程中除去的水量是理论量的99.0%。
上述反应结果,得到202.2g的聚硫醇组合物,该聚硫醇组合物的主成分是由上述化学式5表示的聚硫醇化合物。通过绝对校准曲线法对上述所得的组合物进行分析的结果,包含由上述化学式5表示的聚硫醇化合物78重量%、由上述化学式7表示的聚硫醇化合物2重量%、除了上述化学式5及7以外的其他低聚物化合物20重量%。
合成例4:聚硫醇化合物的制备
除了使用3-巯基丙酸149.2g(1.41摩尔)、季戊四醇58.0g(0.43mol)及甲苯432.0g以外,用和上述合成例3相同的方法进行。上述反应过程中除去的水量是理论量的98.1%。
上述反应结果,得到200.9g的聚硫醇组合物,该聚硫醇组合物的主成分是由上述化学式7表示的聚硫醇化合物。通过绝对校准曲线法对上述所得的组合物进行分析的结果,包含由上述化学式7表示的聚硫醇化合物79重量%、由上述化学式5表示的聚硫醇化合物20重量%、除了上述化学式5及7以外的其他低聚物化合物1重量%。
实施例:塑料光学镜片的制备
实施例1.
均匀混合间苯二甲基二异氰酸酯(m-xylylene diisocyanate)102.1g及2-(2-羟基-5-叔辛基苯基)苯并三唑(2-(2-hydroxy-5-tert-octylphenyl)benzotriazole)1.8g。向其中混合作为内部脱模剂的UN(酸性磷酸烷基酯(phosphoric alkyl ester)脱模剂,Stepan公司)0.22g及作为聚合催化剂的二氯化二丁基锡(dibutyltin dichloride)0.03g。在15℃的温度下添加混合112.0重量部的上述合成例1的聚硫醇组合物及5.3重量部的上述合成例2的聚硫醇组合物而成的聚硫醇组合物117.3g并均匀混合,从而制造出聚合性组合物。此时,通过调整上述合成例1及2的含量,使上述聚硫醇组合物包含由上述化学式4表示的聚硫醇化合物73.5重量%、由上述化学式6表示的聚硫醇化合物4.2重量%、除了上述化学式4及6以外的低聚物化合物22.3重量%。
将上述聚合性组合物在10℃、2torr下进行1小时的脱气(degassing)后,用3μm的聚四氟乙烯过滤器(teflon filter)进行过滤。将过滤后的聚合性组合物注入到用胶带组装的玻璃铸模中,然后将上述铸模从10℃升温至120℃,并进行20小时的聚合。接着,将玻璃铸模中的固化树脂在125℃下进一步固化4小时之后,使成形体从玻璃铸模中脱模。上述成型体是中心厚度为1.2mm(偏差:-5.00),-4.00D及直径为75mm的圆形镜片(光学镜片)。用ST11TN-8H硬涂层溶液(FINE COAT株式会社)浸渍镜片并热固化以涂覆镜片。
实施例2及3,比较例1及2.
如下表1所记载,除了使用含有不同种类及含量的聚硫醇化合物的聚硫醇组合物之外,用和实施例1相同的方法进行。
实施例4.
除了使用2-(2-羟基-5-叔辛基苯基)苯并三唑2.4g及混合上述合成例3的聚硫醇组合物125.8重量部、上述合成例4的聚硫醇组合物6.6重量部而成的聚硫醇组合物之外,用和实施例1相同的方法进行。此时,通过调整上述合成例3及4的含量,使上述聚硫醇组合物包含由上述化学式5表示的聚硫醇化合物82.7重量%、由上述化学式7表示的聚硫醇化合物5.1重量%、除了上述化学式5及7以外的低聚物化合物12.2重量%。
实施例5及6,比较例3及4.
如下表1所记载,除了使用含有不同种类及含量的聚硫醇化合物的聚硫醇组合物之外,用和实施例4相同的方法进行。
评价示例:确认物理性质
将上述实施例1~6及比较例1~4中制备的塑料光学镜片作为对象,如下述那样测量物理性质,测量结果如下面表1所示。
评价示例1:粘度
将上述实施例1~6及比较例1~4的聚合性组合物脱气并过滤后,在10℃下利用非接触式粘度计(EMS-1000,日本京都电子公司)测量初期及5小时后的粘度(cps)。
评价示例2:折射率
在20℃下使用Atago Co.制造的DR-M4折射仪测量上述实施例1~6及比较例1~4中制备的镜片的折射率。
评价示例3:脉理发生率
对于上述实施例1~6及比较例1~4中制备的100枚镜片,使用汞灯作为光源,使光透过镜片,并将透射光投影至白板上,用肉眼确认有无明暗差,由此判断是否发生脉理,并通过(发生脉理的镜片数/用于测量的镜片数(100枚))*100来评价脉理发生率。
评价示例4:耐热性
对于上述实施例1~6及比较例1~4中制备的镜片,利用TA公司的TMA Q400,使用热机械分析法(50g负载,针线0.5mmΦ,升温速度10℃/min)测量玻璃化转变温度(Tg,℃)。
【表1】
如上述表1所示,查看实施例及比较例的聚硫醇组合物,具有氢结合性官能团的第二聚硫醇化合物(化学式6和7)的含量越多,初期及5小时后的粘度越会上升,并证实脉理发生率随着粘度上升而增加。然而,在比较例1~4中,上述第二聚硫醇化合物的含量在适当水平,特别是,相比含量在3乃至15重量%的实施例,使用量少于或多于上述含量范围时,发现耐热性变差。由此可见,随着具有氢结合性官能团的第二聚硫醇化合物的含量增加,可多少减少脉理发生率,但是脱离适当水平时,还可以证实耐热性等其他物理性能会变差。
Claims (12)
1.一种聚硫醇组合物,其特征在于,
包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,
上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基的氢结合性官能团,
上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。
2.如权利要求1所述的聚硫醇组合物,其特征在于,
在上述聚硫醇组合物中,相对于100重量份的上述第一聚硫醇化合物,上述第二聚硫醇化合物的含量是2乃至30重量份。
3.如权利要求2所述的聚硫醇组合物,其特征在于,
上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有四个巯基,
上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有三个巯基及一个羟基。
4.如权利要求1所述的聚硫醇组合物,其特征在于,
以上述第一聚硫醇化合物的总摩尔数为基准,上述第一聚硫醇化合物包含24乃至34mol%的氧原子;
以上述第二聚硫醇化合物的总摩尔数为基准,上述第二聚硫醇化合物包含25乃至34mol%的氧原子。
5.如权利要求2所述的聚硫醇组合物,其特征在于,
以上述聚硫醇组合物的总重量为基准,上述聚硫醇组合物包含55乃至90重量%的上述第一聚硫醇化合物,1乃至40重量%的上述第二聚硫醇化合物。
6.如权利要求1所述的聚硫醇组合物,其特征在于,
上述聚硫醇组合物是由以下化学式1表示的化合物、以及由以下化学式2表示的化合物、或者由以下化学式3表示的化合物进行非加水缩合反应后所得的:
7.如权利要求1所述的聚硫醇组合物,其特征在于,
上述第一聚硫醇化合物是由以下化学式4或5表示的化合物,
上述第二聚硫醇化合物是由以下化学式6或7表示的化合物:
8.如权利要求6所述的聚硫醇组合物,其特征在于,
上述聚硫醇组合物是1摩尔的由上述化学式1表示的化合物与3.7乃至5摩尔的由上述化学式2表示的化合物或者由上述化学式3表示的化合物反应后所得。
9.如权利要求6所述的聚硫醇组合物,其特征在于,
上述聚硫醇组合物是1摩尔的由上述化学式1表示的化合物与3.0乃至3.6摩尔的由上述化学式2表示的化合物或者由上述化学式3表示的化合物反应后所得。
10.一种聚硫醇组合物,其特征在于,
包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,
上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有只含四个巯基的氢结合性官能团,
上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有含有三个巯基及一个羟基的氢结合性官能团。
11.一种聚合性组合物,其特征在于,
包含聚硫醇组合物及聚异氰酸酯化合物,
上述聚硫醇组合物包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,
上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基的氢结合性官能团,
上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。
12.一种光学镜片,其特征在于,
包含通过固化聚合性组合物形成的聚硫氨酯类树脂,
上述聚合性组合物包含聚硫醇组合物及聚异氰酸酯化合物,上述聚硫醇组合物包含第一聚硫醇化合物及第二聚硫醇化合物,
上述第一聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及只含巯基的氢结合性官能团,
上述第二聚硫醇化合物具有酯基及巯基以外的氢结合性官能团。
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