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CN108819641A - 用于机动车辆的悬挂系统的具有集成载荷传感器的弹性支撑件 - Google Patents

用于机动车辆的悬挂系统的具有集成载荷传感器的弹性支撑件 Download PDF

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CN108819641A
CN108819641A CN201810360653.9A CN201810360653A CN108819641A CN 108819641 A CN108819641 A CN 108819641A CN 201810360653 A CN201810360653 A CN 201810360653A CN 108819641 A CN108819641 A CN 108819641A
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motor vehicles
supporting
optical member
suspension
elastic
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CN108819641B (zh
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A.D.维卡
P.奇亚佩罗
F.达马斯索
V.G.拉姆芭蒂尼
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Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA
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Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/14—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having helical, spiral or coil springs only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/019—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the type of sensor or the arrangement thereof
    • B60G17/01941—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the type of sensor or the arrangement thereof characterised by the use of piezoelectric elements, e.g. sensors or actuators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/019—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by the type of sensor or the arrangement thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G17/00—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load
    • B60G17/015—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements
    • B60G17/016—Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting the spring or vibration-damper characteristics, for regulating the distance between a supporting surface and a sprung part of vehicle or for locking suspension during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load the regulating means comprising electric or electronic elements characterised by their responsiveness, when the vehicle is travelling, to specific motion, a specific condition, or driver input
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/58—Stroke limiting stops, e.g. arranged on the piston rod outside the cylinder
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/18—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02—Details
    • H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
    • H05K1/0313—Organic insulating material
    • H05K1/0353—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement
    • H05K1/0373—Organic insulating material consisting of two or more materials, e.g. two or more polymers, polymer + filler, + reinforcement containing additives, e.g. fillers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
    • H05K3/105—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern by conversion of non-conductive material on or in the support into conductive material, e.g. by using an energy beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/12—Wound spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/11—Mounting of sensors thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/11—Mounting of sensors thereon
    • B60G2204/112—Mounting of sensors thereon on dampers, e.g. fluid dampers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/11—Mounting of sensors thereon
    • B60G2204/116—Sensors coupled to the suspension arm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/41—Elastic mounts, e.g. bushings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/70—Materials used in suspensions
    • B60G2206/73—Rubber; Elastomers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2400/00—Indexing codes relating to detected, measured or calculated conditions or factors
    • B60G2400/60—Load
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2401/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of sensors based on the principle of their operation
    • B60G2401/10—Piezoelectric elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2401/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of sensors based on the principle of their operation
    • B60G2401/26—Resistance type, e.g. as level indicator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2600/00—Indexing codes relating to particular elements, systems or processes used on suspension systems or suspension control systems
    • B60G2600/02—Retarders, delaying means, dead zones, threshold values, cut-off frequency, timer interruption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2600/00—Indexing codes relating to particular elements, systems or processes used on suspension systems or suspension control systems
    • B60G2600/18—Automatic control means
    • B60G2600/182—Active control means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/08—Sensor arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/01—Dielectrics
    • H05K2201/0104—Properties and characteristics in general
    • H05K2201/0133—Elastomeric or compliant polymer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/02—Fillers; Particles; Fibers; Reinforcement materials
    • H05K2201/0203—Fillers and particles
    • H05K2201/0242—Shape of an individual particle
    • H05K2201/026—Nanotubes or nanowires
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/03—Conductive materials
    • H05K2201/032—Materials
    • H05K2201/0323—Carbon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/10—Using electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields; Using laser light
    • H05K2203/107—Using laser light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
    • H05K2203/11—Treatments characterised by their effect, e.g. heating, cooling, roughening
    • H05K2203/1136—Conversion of insulating material into conductive material, e.g. by pyrolysis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/0008—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits for aligning or positioning of tools relative to the circuit board

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明在此公开了一种用于机动车辆的车载悬挂系统（S）的弹性支撑件（1）。该支撑件包括由填充有碳基纳米填料的聚合物弹性材料形成的至少一个本体（C），其中，外表面设置有一个或多个压阻区域（3,4,5），其中，填充有碳基纳米填料的聚合物材料通过激光辐照（L）已经具有局部压阻性，以便限定被配置用于检测施加在弹性支撑件（1,2）上的载荷的一个或多个电形变传感器。

Description

用于机动车辆的悬挂系统的具有集成载荷传感器的弹性支 撑件
技术领域
本发明涉及用于机动车辆的车载悬挂系统的弹性支撑件。
背景技术
检测机动车辆的车载悬挂系统所经受的载荷水平以便操作适于改进机动车辆自身的舒适性和/或抓地力的驾驶辅助系统是该邻域中的公司所特别感受到的问题。市场上当前可用的解决方案包括使用联接至阻尼系统的离散的位移传感器，诸如，文献JP S60106807 U中所述的解决方案。
然而，这些解决方案并非是非常紧凑的并且也要求具有相对高的安装成本的非常复杂的组装步骤。
相同的申请人在文献WO 2012/055934 A1中已经提出了一种用于借助于激光辐照而在非导电聚合物衬底中制造导电和/或压阻迹线的方法，其中，所述衬底是复合聚合物材料，包括具有在热降解后不易受碳化影响的聚合物的基体，以及包括碳纳米管或碳氮化物或碳纳米纤维的分散步骤。
本发明构建在寻找该方法的有利应用的需求上，以便制造用于机动车辆的车载悬挂系统的具有集成载荷传感器的弹性支撑件，诸如，用于车辆悬挂的衬垫和衬套、或用于发动机悬挂的弹性插塞。
发明内容
本发明的目标因此在于制造一种用于机动车辆的车载悬挂系统的弹性支撑件，其以有利的方式利用了由本申请人在文献WO 2012/055934 A1中提出的方法所提供的可能性。
本发明的另一目标在于通过具有集成载荷传感器的弹性部件实现前述目标，而无需使用额外的传感器或者采用在逻辑电路上操作的系统，其在某些情形中是不可靠的。
本发明的另一目标在于制造一种构造上简单且经济、并且与此同时在执行其所提供的功能上极其可靠的部件。
为了实现前述目标，本发明旨在提供一种用于机动车辆的车载悬挂系统的弹性支撑件，其特征在于，该弹性支承件包括由填充有碳基纳米填料的聚合物弹性材料形成的至少一个本体，所述本体的外表面具有一个或多个压阻区域，其中，所述本体的填充有碳基纳米填料的聚合物材料通过激光辐照已经具有局部压阻性，以便限定能够检测施加在所述弹性支撑件上的载荷的一个或多个电形变传感器。
由于这些特征，根据本发明的弹性支撑件在该部件自身内集成载荷检测功能，而无需使用额外的传感器或采用易受错误信号影响的逻辑电路。
根据本发明的另一特征，由填充有碳基纳米填料的聚合物弹性材料形成的本体还包括一个或多个导电路径，其中，添加有碳基纳米填料的聚合物材料借助于激光辐照已经具有局部导电性，以便利用与本体相关联的电极限定所述压阻区域的一个或多个电连接线。
在本发明的第一实施例中，弹性支撑件是用于铰接机动车辆悬挂系统的枢转臂的弹性衬套。
在第二实施例中，弹性支撑件是机动车辆悬挂系统的冲击吸收器单元的衬垫。
本发明还涉及一种机动车辆，该机动车辆包括上面所示类型的多个弹性支撑件以及电子控制单元，该电子控制单元被配置用于监测包括所述压阻区域的一个或多个导电路径的电阻，并且被配置用于在测量的电阻偏离预定阈值的情形中操作能够提高机动车辆的驾驶员的舒适性和/或提高机动车辆的抓地力的机动车辆的车载系统。
从以下描述和附图中本发明的其他特征和优点将变得明显。
附图说明
仅通过非限制性示例的方式提供附图，其中：
- 图1是根据本发明的设置有多个弹性支撑件的机动车辆悬挂系统的透视图；
- 图2示出了根据本发明的弹性支撑件的第一实施例的横截面图；
- 图3示出了之前附图的弹性支撑件的透视图；
- 图4是示出了根据本发明的第二实施例的支撑件的制造方法的步骤的示意图；以及
- 图5示出了之前附图的弹性支撑件的另一透视图。
具体实施方式
在附图中，附图标记1和2表示用于机动车辆的车载悬挂系统的根据本发明的弹性支撑件的两个替代实施例。具体地，附图中所示的实施例是冲击吸收器单元A的衬垫1以及用于铰接枢转臂B的弹性衬套2，两者均设置在机动车辆悬挂系统S上。要仅以示例的方式考虑图1的透视图中所示的悬挂系统S的架构，因为其他悬挂系统类型能够与根据本发明的弹性支撑件相关联。此外，弹性支撑件（衬垫和衬套）的这些具体实施例不应以任何方式被视为限制性的，因为本发明例如也涉及用于机动车辆的发动机悬挂系统的弹性插塞。
根据本发明的必要特征，弹性支撑件1、2包括由聚合物弹性材料形成的至少一个本体C，根据本申请人的文献WO 2012/055934 A1的公开内容（图3、4），该至少一个本体C具有由填充有碳基纳米填料的聚合物材料构成的功能化部分。
在该文献的已知方法中，聚合物基材料以不足以使得该材料导电的量而填充有碳基纳米填料（诸如，碳纳米管或碳氮化物或碳纳米纤维）。在附图中所示的本发明的实施例中，并且特别地参照图2至图3以及图4至图5（其分别示出形式为冲击吸收器1和弹性衬套2的弹性支撑件），这些元件1、2的本体C的表面经受通过WO 2012/055934 A1已知的方法。该方法设想在弹性支撑件的聚合物材料上引导由激光头H发出的激光束L以便形成多个压阻区域3、4、5。
图4示意性示出了能够根据两个正交方向X、Y移动的激光头H，并且也装备有用于使激光束L在一个平面或两个正交平面中枢转的装置。图4中示意性示出的解决方案仅被提供作为指示，替代地能够设想的是，支撑件2相对于激光头H移动，或者摄像支撑件2与激光头H的组合移动。
根据本发明的另一特征，在弹性支撑件1、2的本体C的表面上执行激光辐照以便除了压阻区域3、4、5之外形成一个或多个导电路径6，在这里激光束L引起材料的碳化。为了简单和清楚起见，在此没有示出关于基底材料、纳米填料的类型、可用激光的类型、以及用于移动激光头H的装置的细节，因为这些细节自身没有落入本发明的范围内，并且其能够根据文献WO 2012/055934 A1中包含的公开内容以任何方式实现。
更具体地并且参照图2和图3，其分别示出了根据本发明的形式为冲击吸收器1的弹性支撑件的横截面图和透视图。根据已知的架构，衬垫1设置在冲击吸收器单元A的柄S1的上端部处以便与弹簧M同轴。在衬垫1的外表面上，多个压阻区域被形成，被制造成第一传感器化条带3和第二传感器化条带4的形状。两个条带3、4沿着衬垫1的整个圆周范围延伸，并且更特别地，第一传感器化条带3显著小于同样设置在衬垫1的外表面上的第二传感器化条带4。两个条带3、4形成在构成衬垫1的两个不同的聚合物材料的外表面上。
传感器化条带3、4在衬垫1的外表面上的设置可以相对于所示内容广泛的变化，而不因此破坏根据本发明的传感器化衬垫1的操作。电极7位于每个传感器化条带3、4的相邻端部处，电极7用作导电金属端子以使得其端部连接至设置在机动车辆上的电子控制单元E。在以下描述中将进一步描述电子控制单元E的功能。
参照图4和5中所示的实施例，根据本发明的弹性支撑件形式为弹性衬套2，例如，用于悬挂系统S的枢转臂B。根据自身已知的架构的弹性衬套包括具有弹性材料的内部本体C的金属外壳8，金属销9穿过该内部本体C。然而，能够根据本发明的公开内容制造用于悬挂系统的其他类型的弹性衬套，诸如，用于与机动车辆悬挂系统S相关联的稳定杆的支架的衬套20（图1）。
衬套2包括经受根据文献WO 2012/055934 A1的公开内容的方法的聚合物弹性材料的本体C，因此获得由导电路径6连接的多个压阻区域5。在附图中所示的具体形式中，导电路径6被设置成使得压阻区域5彼此串联连接，但是也可以设置并联连接的区域。在两个相邻的压阻区域5的端部处存在两个导电路径，该两个导电路径的端部连接至机动车辆的电子控制单元E（以完全类似于之前对于衬垫1描述的方式）。
参照构成衬垫1的实施例（图2和3）以及构成衬套2的实施例（图4和5），机动车辆的车载电子控制单元E被配置为监测包括压阻区域的一个或多个导电路径的电阻，以便在测量的电阻超出预定阈值的情况中操作辅助系统从而有利于机动车辆的驾驶。该辅助系统例如能够被设计用于提高机动车辆的舒适性和/或提高机动车辆的抓地力。
如上所述，本发明也能够被制造成形式为用于机动车辆的发动机悬挂系统的弹性支撑件，其中，对支撑件所经受的载荷检测功能集成至支撑件自身。
由于上述特征，借助于制造构造上简单且经济、但是与此同时在检测触发机动车辆的车载系统激活的载荷的情形中极其可靠的物体，根据本发明的支撑件有利地利用了由本申请人在文献WO 2012/055934 A1中提出的方法所提供的可能性，从而能够提高机动车辆的驾驶员的舒适性和/或提高机动车辆自身的抓地力。
当然，在不妨碍本发明的原理的情况下，构造和实施例的细节可以相对于仅通过示例的方式描述和图示的那些细节而广泛地变化，而不脱离如由所附权利要求中限定的本发明的范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于机动车辆的车载悬挂系统（S）的弹性支撑件（1,2），其特征在于，所述弹性支撑件（1,2）包括由填充有碳基纳米填料的聚合物弹性材料形成的至少一个本体（C），所述本体的外表面具有一个或多个压阻区域（3,4,5），其中，所述本体的填充有碳基纳米填料的聚合物材料通过激光辐照已经具有局部压阻性，以便限定能够检测施加在所述弹性支撑件（1,2）上的载荷的一个或多个电形变传感器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的弹性支撑件，其特征在于，所述本体（C）包括一个或多个导电路径（6），其中，填充有碳基纳米填料的所述聚合物材料通过激光辐照已经具有局部导电性，以便利用与所述本体（C）相关联的电极（7）限定所述压阻区域（3,4,5）的一个或多个电连接线。
3.根据权利要求1所述的弹性支撑件，其特征在于，所述支撑件是机动车辆的悬挂系统（S）的冲击吸收器单元（A）的衬垫（1）。
4.根据权利要求1所述的弹性支撑件，其特征在于，所述支撑件是用于铰接机动车辆的悬挂系统（S）的枢转臂（B）的弹性衬套（2）。
5.根据权利要求1所述的弹性支撑件，其特征在于，所述支撑件是机动车辆的发动机悬挂系统的插塞。
6.根据权利要求3所述的弹性支撑件，其特征在于，所述压阻区域（3,4,5）形式为均沿着所述支撑件（1）的圆周范围延伸的第一传感器化条带和第二传感器化条带（3,4），其中，所述第一条带（3）显著小于所述第二条带（4）。
7.根据权利要求2所述的弹性支撑件，其特征在于，所述支撑件（1,2）包括通过所述导电路径（6）而彼此串联电连接的多个所述压阻区域（3,4,5）。
8.一种机动车辆悬挂系统（S），其特征在于，所述机动车辆悬挂系统（S）包括至少一对根据前述权利要求的任一项所述的支撑件（1,2）。
9.一种机动车辆，其特征在于，所述机动车辆包括根据前述权利要求的任一项所述的多个支撑件以及电子控制单元（E），所述电子控制单元（E）被配置用于监测包括所述压阻区域（3,4,5）的一个或多个导电路径的电阻，并且在测量的电阻偏离预定阈值的情形中致动适于提高机动车辆的驾驶员的舒适性和/或提高机动车辆的抓地力的所述机动车辆的车载系统。
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