CN1087250C - Sub-truss for cranes installed on ships - Google Patents

Abstract

The sub-truss (21) has a support truss (31) for restricting the inclination of a jib crane (33) on the vessel. The jib crane (33) is arranged on a gantry (22) between two portal frames (39, 40), which portal frames (39, 40) are movable on the deck of the vessel. The platform (22) is articulated with an articulation axis (59) substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel and in the region of a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the vessel, while at least one adjustable leg (28) extends from said platform, which leg, in the deployed condition, is supported on the quay on which the vessel is moored. Adjustment means are provided for moving the moored vessel relative to the quay.

Description

Sub-truss for cranes installed on ships

The invention relates to an auxiliary truss for a crane installed on a ship, which includes a sliding frame and a wheel set that can move longitudinally above the ship, and the sliding frame and the wheel set are arranged on two opposite sides of the ship. The sides are connected by at least two beams, between which a connecting structure for the crane is arranged. A sub-truss of this type is described in British Patent 1,027,343, in which a stretchable gantry structure is described for providing an extension supported on a quay. In this document, the gantry structure in one embodiment is of hinged design, and the hinged part extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship in the sailing state can be placed laterally on the quay through hinges. This requires a long guide rail set on the gantry and extending beyond the dock. This structure is especially suitable for cranes that reciprocate on the gantry perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ship. This type of structure is relatively complex.

Especially on relatively small vessels, such as inland vessels, there is a problem of "back and forth" of the vessel when loading and unloading relatively large loads, such as containers. On the other hand, it is desirable to be able to load and unload ships of this type in places that do not have large port facilities. That said, find a way to provide the ship with its own lifting structure.

The object of the present invention is to provide a loading and unloading facility for a vessel, more particularly a sub-truss for a jib crane, which is designed so that the vessel, when moving cargo, is rotated relative to the With little or no tipping for heavier loads, the crane can move relatively heavy loads and can be easily mounted to ships.

This object is achieved by means of the sub-truss for a crane as described above, wherein said fixed structure comprises a gantry supporting the crane and connected to said beam in an articulated manner about an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel, at least There is a leg, one end of which is only connected to the platform, while the other end is provided with means for supporting on the quay.

The structure according to the invention makes it possible to use a jib crane which, unlike the structure described in British Patent 1,027,343, is only articulated about a substantially vertical axis. Naturally, the length of its arms can be varied. Therefore, it is no longer necessary to provide an intricate structure for the movable crane on the gantry.

The invention is based on the idea that the forces generated when rotating the crane overboard are transmitted partly directly to the shore through the outriggers according to the invention, in contrast to the structure described in British Patent 1,027,343 In , if the jib crane is above the ship and its jib is outside the ship area, a force is applied to the ship through the gantry structure. In this case, the gantry structure is subjected to heavy loads and requires special design dimensions.

By extending the one or more legs to disengage the two supports from the carrier, the invention supports the supporting structure by means of the supports and the carrier on the beam of the gantry truss when the crane is not turned overboard , and when the auxiliary truss is turned overboard, the present invention supports the support structure by the legs on the hard surface behind the quay or the quay.

The obvious beneficial effect of the present invention is that, if the support stays on the load-carrying parts on the gantry truss, in rotation, only the vertical force is actually transmitted to the shore wall through the elongated outriggers, and through the rocker beams. Into the area of the ship or a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the ship, so that it causes no, or little, leaning. Just because there is very limited tilting due to changes in the distribution of the total mass of the vessel when moving or lowering the hoisted cargo.

According to an efficient embodiment of the invention, the axis of articulation of the gantry lies substantially in the vertical central longitudinal plane of the vessel, that is to say, during the tilting movement, this axis coincides with the "axis of articulation" of the vessel.

The above at least one leg connected to the frame on which the jib crane is mounted may be either rigidly connected to the frame or hinged to the frame. Where the legs are hinged to the platform, it is necessary to provide positioning means between the platform and the legs so that the legs can be seen as being fixedly attached to the platform when carrying goods.

In the storage position, as well as in a certain operating position in which the above-mentioned legs are out of action, it is necessary to fix the table with respect to the gantry. For this purpose, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, locking means are provided to fix the position of the stand relative to the beam of the gantry.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, during loading/unloading, the movement of the moored vessel and the crane relative to the quay can be corrected in a simple way. As observed in practice, this movement is due to the current and wave motion of the water and the movement of the ship away from and towards the shore, and thus the movement of the gantry away from and towards the shore. In order to be able to regulate these movements, for example wheels or the like can be provided under the legs so that they can be moved on the shore in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vessel. However, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the platform is not only articulated relative to the beam, but also movable relative to the beam in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vessel. In this case, adjustment means can be provided so that a stable articulated mounting of the stand relative to the beam can be withstood.

In addition, measures can be taken to park the sub-truss with the crane in a position such that the specified required handling level is not exceeded. The first measure is to make the beam of the gantry vertically adjustable relative to the wheel set. As a result, it is possible on the one hand to move the beams above containers, which are placed on board as cargo, for example, and, on the other hand, they can be brought together with the crane into a lower position in the storage or parking position. It also means that the crane's gantry can remain in one position without interfering with any other structural components on board.

According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one beam can be detached from the associated wheel set or other part of the gantry. As a result, at least one beam, together with the gantry to which it is connected and the crane mounted thereon, can be stowed in a storage or parking space specially designed for it, so that the crane does not need to be moved in the sailing state. Will protrude above the cargo loaded in the ship.

The invention will be described in detail below with reference to two exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 diagrammatically represents an exploded view of a first embodiment of a crane according to the present invention;

Figure 2 diagrammatically represents a second embodiment of the crane according to the invention during loading/unloading;

Figure 3 shows the design according to Figure 2, in a storage position in the ship;

Figure 4 shows the fixation of the stand relative to the beam.

Fig. 1 represents a ship that is provided with the crane structure of the present invention, wherein, 1 represents platform, and 2 represents the base of the jib crane fixed on the platform, and 3 represents the rocker beam that becomes an integral body with platform , 4 indicates the rotation point of the rocker arm, 5 indicates the support on the platform, 6 indicates the bearing for the platform support located on the gantry truss or beam, 7 is the freely retractable arm, and 8 is the telescopic Leg, 9 is the bottom end of the leg, 10 is the support rail on the quay wall; this figure also shows some parts of the ship and quay wall that are very important to the invention but do not form a part of the invention, such as 11 Represent the gantry moving longitudinally along the ship, on which beam 16 and wheel set 17 are housed, 12 represents the gantry guide rail, 14 represents the quay wall, and 15 represents the jib crane.

The invention is illustrated by the following description of operations during side unloading of cargo. If the vessel 13 is moored, all extendable legs 8 are placed at a short distance apart on support rails 10 by means of freely telescoping arms 7 . The lifting point of the jib crane is then placed above the cargo by means of the moving gantry 11 . After lifting, the gantry 11 moves together with the jib crane 15 already in the lifting position to the unloading position, where the extendable legs 8 are placed with the aid of the extendable arm 7 In the correct position on the support rail, the legs 8 are then extended so that the platform support 5 is sufficiently away from the carrier 6 on the gantry truss. The crane is now in a position where it should turn its load overboard from the side. During operation, with further outward rotation, a vertical pull is exerted on the gantry 11 as the load passes the point of rotation 4 along the A-A axis of the rocker beam 3 . The gantry is then held in place by means of counter wheels (not shown) under the rails. In this way, the vessel acts as a counterweight to the crane. Since the joint of the pivot point of the rocker arm is arranged in a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the ship or in the region of a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the ship, no or hardly any tilting occurs.

The operation in the loading process can be explained as follows. When the vessel is moored, the outriggers 8 are placed in the correct position on the support rails and stretched so that the gantry support is sufficiently clear of the load bearing on the gantry truss. The jib crane moves its lifting point over the cargo and lifts the cargo on board. At this point, the crane turns to where it needs to place the cargo on the ship. The outriggers 8 are then retracted and the crane is moved by the gantry towards the unloading position where the load can be lowered. Although only one set of telescoping arms and associated components are shown in this embodiment, it will be appreciated that such structures can be provided on both sides of the gantry so that loading and unloading can be performed on both sides of the vessel.

2-4 show another embodiment of the structure according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a jib crane 35 fitted with an extendable arm 47 is positioned on a jib crane base 22 forming part of the platform 21 . The extendable arm 47 comprises two arms 48, each arm 48 being extendable. Between them there is a distribution beam 49 adjustable in the region of the free end, which is shown schematically and which is connected to a container 52 .

By adopting a double-arm structure, the torsional load of each arm can be minimized. This torque typically occurs if the weight is not evenly distributed over the length of the container. Furthermore, at least a part of the lifting device can be arranged between the arms, which further reduces the weight of the structure. It should be understood that said advantages do not depend on the articulated suspension of the stand with respect to the rest of the structure, but can be effectively used in any other design known from the prior art.

3 and 4 illustrate the articulation between the platform 21 and the beams 39,40. The rocker shaft 64 is integral with the stand 21 . Each rocker shaft is rotatably mounted on a suspension structure 59 which in turn is articulated in or in the region of the top center 60 of the beam 39 , 40 top. The locking jack 63 is hinged to the platform 21 on the one hand, and connected to the crossbeam 39 or the crossbeam 40 on the other hand.

As shown, when the jacks 63 are able to move freely in and out, not only the precise articulation of the platform 21 is possible, but when the legs 28 are supported on the shore, the beam can be moved relative to the platform, and thus relative to the crane. Move backwards and forwards a certain distance.

When the locking jack 63 is locked, the position of the platform is fixed relative to the beam.

The beams 39 , 40 are arranged on the wheel set 46 so that they can be adjusted vertically by means of jacks 45 . Furthermore, the beams 39, 40 are fixed to the rest of the gantry 31 by means of locking structures. This locking structure always consists of a central pin 53 which is arranged on the beam 39 or beam 40 and which, when moved upwards, penetrates into a corresponding hole 54 in the gantry 31 . Furthermore, a transverse locking pin 55 is provided in each gantry 31 , which pin can be inserted into a hole 56 in the transverse beam 39 or the transverse beam 40 .

In the embodiment shown in Figures 2-4, the wheel sets 46 are connected longitudinally of the vessel. In order to fix the position of the wheel sets arranged on both sides of the vehicle relative to each other when the cross member 39 , 40 is not locked, a connecting beam 23 is provided behind the cross member 39 at the position of the wheel sets. In the area of the part 22, a platform 21 is arranged on both sides of the vessel together with two extendable legs 28, one of which is fully represented. This leg is hinged, the hinge being indicated at 57 . In the quayside position, adjustment cylinder 37 and legs 28 undergo an angular rotation from their point of rotation relative to the longitudinal axis of the vessel, as the moored vessel may move slightly along the quay. By means of the adjustment cylinder 37 the position of the leg 28 can be fixed relative to the stand 21 . In addition, a hydraulic piston/cylinder assembly 58 is provided which is used to determine the length of the slide leg 28 . On its underside, a carrier plate 36 is mounted on the sliding leg 28 . It should be understood that all other designs known in the art may be used in place of the carrier plate. First of all it should be mentioned that, according to the design of Fig. 1, a second consideration is a wheel set or similar design.

In the position shown in FIG. 2, two beams are connected to the leg 44 and the wheel set 46, respectively. By operating the jacks 45 , the legs 44 can be brought into an upper position so that the gantry formed by them can be moved over the cargo 29 in the vessel 33 . It also has the advantage that the track of the guide rail remains intact when the crane is stopped. In addition, there is an option to place the crane in a higher position than the standard one. If the crane is moved to a specific loading/unloading position, the extendable legs 28 are placed at the desired location on the quay and the associated loading and unloading operations to and from the quay are performed.

Figure 3 shows the structure shown in Figure 2 in a parked position. In order to reach this storage or parking position, the following measures must be taken:

The locking device 63 provided on the beams 39 and 40 is actuated so that the position of the stand 21 is no longer dependent on the extendable legs 28 . Of course, a safety device is provided to prevent retraction of the extendable legs 28 when the locking jack 63 is not in action.

From the locked position, the extendable leg 28 is retracted and moved so that it is located within the compartment 50 of the vessel 33 . Due to the operation of the jack 45 , the gantry 31 moves downward, and the gantry 31 abuts against the guide 51 . The two sliding legs 28 are then moved so that the carrier plate 36 rests on the bottom and/or side walls of the vessel. The beams 39 and 40 are then removed from the legs 44 . The platform 21 can be lowered into the cabin 50 by actuating the jack 58 from this position. In this case, the extendable jib 47 of the jib crane is naturally retracted. The beams 39 and 40 are then moved into the guide 51 . When all parts are fully retracted, the state shown in Figure 3 is reached. In this state, the crane does not protrude above the other cargo of the ship.

While the invention has been described with reference to two exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that, after reading the foregoing description, various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. The scope of the appended claims. For example, a different configuration could be used to place the crane within the compartment 50.

Claims (10)

1. An auxiliary truss for a crane (15, 35) arranged on a ship (13, 33), comprising a carriage (11, 13) movable in the longitudinal direction of said ship, and comprising wheel sets ( 17, 46), these wheel sets are arranged on opposite sides of the ship and are connected by at least two beams, and a connecting structure for the crane is arranged between the beams, wherein the connecting structure includes a gantry (1, 21), and the gantry (1, 21) is hingedly connected to said beam about an axis (A-A; B-B) substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship, and is arranged There is at least one leg (7, 8, 28), the one end of which is only connected to said platform and the other end of which is equipped with means (9, 36) for supporting on the quay. 2. Sub-truss according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis (A-A; B-B) lies substantially in the vertical central longitudinal plane of the vessel. 3. Sub-truss according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said legs (7, 8) are rigidly connected to said platform while their dimensions are variable. 4. The auxiliary truss according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the legs (28) are hingedly connected to the stand, while a Position limiting means (37). 5. The auxiliary truss according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a locking device (63) is provided for fixing the position of the stand relative to the beam. 6. Auxiliary truss according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there are means to allow said parts to be between said platform and said beam (39, 40), substantially along the longitudinal axis of said beam Direction of means (59-60) moving relative to each other. 7. Auxiliary truss according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said beam is vertically adjustable relative to said wheel set (46). 8. The sub-truss as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one cross member (39, 40) is detachable from the corresponding wheel set. 9. A jib crane rotatably connected to the ship by means of a sub-truss (15, 35) comprising a carriage (11, 13) movable in the longitudinal direction of said ship and comprising wheels groups (17, 46), these wheel sets are arranged on opposite sides of the ship and are connected by at least two beams, and a connecting structure for the crane is arranged between the beams, characterized in that the connecting structure comprises a bearing the gantry (1, 21) of the crane, and the gantry (1, 21) is connected to the beam in an articulated manner about an axis (A-A; B-B) substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship, and At least one leg (7, 8, 28) is provided, the one end of which is only connected to said platform and the other end of which is equipped with means (9, 36) for supporting on the quay. 10. Ship equipped with a jib crane according to claim 9, comprising a storage or parking space (50) for said crane, characterized in that the storage or parking space is equipped with at least one depth guide (51 ) for at least one crossbeam designed according to claim 8.

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