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CN108628028A - 液晶显示装置和液晶显示装置用转向膜 - Google Patents

液晶显示装置和液晶显示装置用转向膜 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108628028A
CN108628028A CN201810224224.9A CN201810224224A CN108628028A CN 108628028 A CN108628028 A CN 108628028A CN 201810224224 A CN201810224224 A CN 201810224224A CN 108628028 A CN108628028 A CN 108628028A
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liquid crystal
display device
crystal display
light guide
turning film
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辻孝弘
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EWA Co Ltd
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EWA Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603Direct backlight with LEDs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528Polarisers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/04Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
    • G02B1/045Light guides
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0025Diffusing sheet or layer; Prismatic sheet or layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0051Diffusing sheet or layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0056Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553Reflecting elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G02F1/133507Films for enhancing the luminance
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528Polarisers
    • G02F1/133531Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的目的在于提供能抑制偏光导致的颜色不均和亮度不均的液晶显示装置和液晶显示装置用转向膜。所述液晶显示装置包括:液晶面板;重叠在所述液晶面板的背面侧,将从端面入射的光线向表面侧引导的导光板;沿所述导光板的所述端面配置的LED光源;以及重叠在所述液晶面板和所述导光板间的转向膜,所述转向膜具有透明树脂制的基材层和配置在所述基材层的背面侧的棱镜阵列,所述基材层的延迟值为0nm以上100nm以下,在俯视时,所述液晶面板的背面侧偏光板的透射轴与所述导光板的所述端面垂直,所述转向膜的棱镜阵列的棱线方向与所述导光板的所述端面平行,所述液晶面板的背面侧偏光板的透射轴与所述转向膜的棱镜阵列的棱线方向垂直。

Description

液晶显示装置和液晶显示装置用转向膜
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶显示装置和液晶显示装置用转向膜。
背景技术
以往,作为液晶显示装置用光学片,存在有各种各样的光学特性不同的光学片,将组合这些光学片得到的结构用于液晶显示装置用背光单元。例如,作为以提高亮度为目的的光学膜,公开有通过在将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯等聚酯作为材料的基膜上设置棱镜片层得到的聚酯膜(专利文献1)。
聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯制的膜,一般通过双轴延伸法制造。可是,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯为结晶性树脂,双折射大。因此,如果通过双轴延伸法将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯成形为膜状,则根据膜位置产生分子取向,膜的双折射的波动变大。因此,如果将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯制的膜用作液晶显示装置的光学片,则存在液晶显示装置发生因偏光导致的颜色不均和亮度不均的可能性。
现有技术文献
专利文献1:国际公开第2009/020194号
发明内容
本发明是鉴于所述的问题而做出的发明,本发明的目的是提供液晶显示装置和液晶显示装置用转向膜,能够抑制偏光导致的颜色不均和亮度不均。
用于解决所述的问题的本发明的液晶显示装置,其包括:液晶面板;导光板,重叠在所述液晶面板的背面侧,将从端面入射的光线向表面侧引导;一个或多个LED光源,沿所述导光板的所述端面配置;以及转向膜,重叠在所述液晶面板和所述导光板之间,所述转向膜具有:透明树脂制的基材层;以及棱镜阵列,配置在所述基材层的背面侧,所述液晶面板具有:液晶盒;以及背面侧偏光板,配置在所述液晶盒的背面侧,所述转向膜的所述基材层的延迟值为0nm以上100nm以下,在俯视时,所述液晶面板的所述背面侧偏光板的透射轴与所述导光板的所述端面垂直,所述转向膜的所述棱镜阵列的棱线方向与所述导光板的所述端面平行,所述液晶面板的所述背面侧偏光板的透射轴与所述转向膜的所述棱镜阵列的棱线方向垂直。
由于所述液晶显示装置具备转向膜,所述转向膜具有将延迟值控制为低延迟值的基材层以及棱镜阵列,所以能够控制从转向膜发出的光的振动方向。此外,所述液晶显示装置由于在俯视时,液晶面板的背面侧偏光板的透射轴与导光板的端面垂直,转向膜的棱镜阵列的棱线方向与导光板的端面平行,液晶面板的背面侧偏光板的透射轴与转向膜的棱镜阵列的棱线方向垂直,因此通过使从转向膜发出的光的振动方向与液晶面板的背面侧偏光板的透射轴一致,能够降低光的损失,并且能够抑制偏光导致的颜色不均和亮度不均。
优选的是,所述基材层的主成分为聚碳酸酯。由此,基材层的透明度和耐热性提高。
优选的是,所述转向膜具有配置在所述基材层的表面侧的扩散层、微透镜阵列和反射偏光板中的至少任意一方。由此,所述液晶显示装置能够提高转向膜的出光特性。
优选的是,构成所述棱镜阵列的棱镜在背面侧为锐角。由此,所述液晶显示装置可以根据导光板的出光特性,选择棱镜的斜面的形状。
优选的是,所述棱镜阵列的折射率为1.35以上1.70以下,所述棱镜阵列与所述基材层的折射率差为0.01以上0.25以下。由此,所述液晶显示装置能够适当地控制向基材层入射的光的特性。
优选的是,所述棱镜阵列具有弹性。由此,所述液晶显示装置能够防止棱镜阵列与导光板接触所导致的导光板的损伤。
优选的是,所述棱镜阵列为紫外线固化树脂成型品。由此,由于所述液晶显示装置在基材层上配置棱镜阵列时可以采用紫外线固化树脂,所以能够比较容易地制造转向膜。
优选的是,所述导光板具有配置在表面侧的棱镜阵列或柱状透镜阵列的任意一方,在俯视时,所述导光板的表面的棱线方向与所述转向膜的所述棱镜阵列的棱线方向垂直。由此,所述液晶显示装置能够提高视角等光学性能。
用于解决所述问题的另外的发明的液晶显示装置用转向膜,其重叠在液晶显示装置的液晶面板和导光板之间,所述液晶显示装置包括:所述液晶面板;所述导光板,重叠在所述液晶面板的背面侧,将从端面入射的光线向表面侧引导;以及一个或多个LED光源,沿所述导光板的所述端面配置,所述液晶显示装置用转向膜具有:基材层,以聚碳酸酯为主成分;棱镜阵列,配置在所述基材层的背面侧;以及扩散层,配置在所述基材层的表面侧,使透射光线扩散,所述基材层的延迟值为0nm以上100nm以下,并且面内延迟值的偏差(dispersion)为50nm以下。
由于所述转向膜具有将延迟值控制为低延迟值的、以聚碳酸酯为主成分的基材层和棱镜阵列,所以能够控制从转向膜发出的光的振动方向。因此,通过将所述转向膜用于液晶显示装置,由此通过使从所述转向膜发出的光的振动方向与液晶面板的背面侧偏光板的透射轴一致,能够降低光的损失,并且能够抑制偏光导致的颜色不均和亮度不均。
另外,在本发明中“表面侧”表示液晶显示装置的显示面侧,“背面侧”表示与表面侧相反的一侧。此外,“主成分”表示按质量基准计算最多的成分(例如50质量%以上)。此外,“棱镜为锐角”表示各棱镜的两个斜面的交角分别小于90度。此外,“偏差”表示JIS-Z8103(2000)规定的、作为测量用语的偏差,通常采用标准偏差。
如上所述,按照本发明的液晶显示装置和转向膜,能够抑制偏光导致的颜色不均和亮度不均。
附图说明
图1是本发明一个实施方式的液晶显示装置的断面示意图。
图2是与图1的液晶显示装置不同的实施方式的液晶显示装置的断面示意图。
附图标记说明
1 液晶显示装置
2 液晶面板
3 导光膜
4 转向膜
5 LED光源
6 接合层
11 液晶显示装置
21 液晶盒
22 背面侧偏光板
23 表面侧偏光板
41 基材层
42 棱镜阵列
43 扩散层
具体实施方式
以下,参照适当的附图,对本发明的实施方式进行具体说明。
[第一实施方式]
[液晶显示装置]
图1的液晶显示装置1具备:液晶面板2;导光板(导光膜3),重叠在所述液晶面板2的背面侧,将从端面入射的光线向表面侧引导;一个或多个LED光源5,沿所述导光膜3的端面配置;以及转向膜4,重叠在液晶面板2和导光膜3之间。另外,由于要使光线透过,因此导光膜3和转向膜4是透明的。此外,液晶显示装置1还具备反射板,所述反射板重叠在导光膜3的背面侧,将从表面侧入射的光线向表面侧反射(未图示)。
<液晶面板>
液晶面板2具有:液晶盒21;背面侧偏光板22,配置在液晶盒21的转向膜4侧的面(背面)上;表面侧偏光板23,配置在液晶盒21的与转向膜4一侧相反的面(表面)上。具体地说,液晶面板2整体呈厚度大致均匀的板状,并具有:背面侧偏光板22和表面侧偏光板23,大体平行且隔开规定间隔配置;以及液晶盒21,配置在所述背面侧偏光板22和表面侧偏光板23之间。
(液晶盒)
液晶盒21具有控制透过的光量的功能,采用公知的构成。液晶盒21通常是由基板、彩色滤色膜、对置电极、液晶层、像素电极、基板等构成的层叠结构件。所述像素电极采用ITO等透明导电膜。作为液晶盒的显示模式,例如可以采用TN(扭曲向列(TwistedNematic))、VA(垂直对齐(Virtical Alignment))、IPS(就地切换(In-Place Switching))、FLC(铁电液晶(Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal))、AFLC(反铁电液晶(Anti-ferroelectric Liquid Crystal))、OCB(光学补偿弯曲(Optically CompensatoryBend))、STN(超扭曲向列(Supper Twisted Nematic))、HAN(混合排列向列(HybridAligned Nematic))等。
(背面侧偏光板和表面侧偏光板)
背面侧偏光板22和表面侧偏光板23,例如由碘系偏振片、染料系偏振片、聚烯系偏振片等偏振片和配置在其两侧的一对透明保护膜构成。此外,背面侧偏光板22和表面侧偏光板23的透射轴垂直,俯视时,背面侧偏光板22的透射轴与导光膜3的配置有LED光源5侧的端面垂直,表面侧偏光板23的透射轴与导光膜3的配置有LED光源5侧的端面平行。
<导光膜>
导光膜3使从端面入射的光线从表面大体均匀射出。导光膜3在俯视时为大致方形,为厚度大体均匀的板状(非楔形)。虽然没有特别的限定,但是导光膜3在背面具有向表面侧凹陷的多个凹部(未图示)。多个凹部作为使入射光向表面侧散射的光散射部发挥作用。另外,光散射部不限于多个凹部,例如可以是多个凸部,也可以是凸型或凹型的棱镜阵列形状。
作为导光膜3的主成分,可以列举聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸树脂、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚苯乙烯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚烯烃、环烯烃聚合物、环烯烃共聚物、醋酸纤维素、耐候性氯乙烯、活性能量线固化型树脂等。其中,作为导光膜3的主成分,优选的是聚碳酸酯或丙烯酸树脂。由于聚碳酸酯透明度优异且折射率高,所以通过使导光膜3包含聚碳酸酯作为主成分,容易在导光膜3的表面和背面产生全反射,可以使光线有效地传播。此外,由于聚碳酸酯具有耐热性,因此不易因LED光源5的发热导致劣化等。此外,由于与丙烯酸树脂等相比,聚碳酸酯的吸水性小,所以尺寸稳定性高。因此,通过使导光膜3包含聚碳酸酯作为主成分,可以抑止老化。另一方面,由于丙烯酸树脂透明度高,因此可以减少导光膜3中的光损耗。
<转向膜>
转向膜4具有:透明树脂制的基材层41;棱镜阵列42,配置在所述基材层41的背面侧;以及扩散层43,配置在基材层41的表面侧,使透射光线扩散。转向膜4在俯视时为大致方形,使从背面侧入射的光线从表面侧射出。
(基材层)
从透明度和耐热性的观点出发,基材层41以聚碳酸酯为主成分。基材层41形成为厚度大体均匀的板状。基材层41的延迟值被调整为0nm以上100nm以下,并且面内延迟值的偏差为50nm以下。由于基材层41的延迟值被调整为低值,因此从棱镜阵列42进入的光的振动方向几乎不发生变化。即,将基材层41调整为低的延迟值,以使进入转向膜4的光的振动方向与背面侧偏光板22的透射轴一致。
(棱镜阵列)
棱镜阵列42配置在基材层41的背面侧,具有三角柱状的棱镜。在俯视时,棱镜阵列42的棱线方向与导光膜3的配置有LED光源5侧的端面平行。即,在俯视时,液晶面板2的背面侧偏光板22的透射轴与转向膜4的棱镜阵列42的棱线方向垂直。此外,棱镜阵列42为紫外线固化树脂成型品,例如使用高透射率的丙烯酸系的紫外线固化树脂成形。此外,棱镜阵列42的折射率为1.35以上1.70以下,棱镜阵列42与基材层41的折射率差按绝对值计算为0.01以上0.25以下。
构成棱镜阵列42的棱镜,形成为从转向膜4的一侧的端部到另一侧的端部连续的三角柱状,各棱镜的顶部形成有分别大体平行的棱线。所述棱镜的与棱线垂直的断面(图1所示的断面)为底边比斜边短的大体等腰三角形的形状,在底边与基材层41的背面侧连接。即,构成棱镜阵列42的棱镜在背面侧为锐角。为了防止对置重叠的导光膜3损伤,优选的是,棱镜阵列42具有弹性。此外,优选的是,所述棱镜的斜面配合导光膜3的出光特性,设计成凸圆弧或凹圆弧等形状。
另外,棱镜阵列42不限于棱镜与基材层41的背面侧直接连接的结构,也可以是下述结构:具有透明的棱镜基材层和配置在所述棱镜基材层上的棱镜,棱镜通过棱镜基材层与基材层41的背面侧连接。
(扩散层)
扩散层43配置在基材层41的表面侧,使透射光线扩散。通过在基材层41的表面侧形成凹凸形状来设置扩散层43。扩散层43利用凹凸形状使从背面侧向表面侧透射的光线大体均匀扩散,抑制出光的晃眼。例如通过压纹、扩散涂层、喷砂等形成扩散层43的凹凸形状。特别是,从防止与液晶面板2的像素间距的干涉的观点出发,优选的是,扩散层43由扩散涂层形成。
<LED光源>
沿导光膜3的端面配置有一个或多个LED光源5。LED光源5以各个光线射出面与导光膜3的端面相对(或抵接)的方式配置。
(优点)
按照所述的液晶显示装置1,由于具备转向膜4,所述转向膜4具有将延迟值控制为低延迟值的、以聚碳酸酯为主成分的基材层41以及棱镜阵列42,所以能够控制从转向膜4发出光的振动方向。此外,所述液晶显示装置1由于在俯视时液晶面板2的背面侧偏光板22的透射轴与导光膜3的端面垂直、转向膜4的棱镜阵列42的棱线方向与导光膜3的端面平行、液晶面板2的背面侧偏光板22的透射轴与转向膜4的棱镜阵列42的棱线方向垂直,所以通过使从转向膜4发出的光的振动方向与液晶面板2的背面侧偏光板22的透射轴一致,能够降低光的损失且能够抑制偏光导致的颜色不均和亮度不均。
此外,按照所述的液晶显示装置1,因为构成棱镜阵列42的棱镜在背面侧为锐角,所以能够根据导光膜3的出光特性选择棱镜的斜面的形状。
此外,按照所述的液晶显示装置1,因为棱镜阵列42的折射率为1.35以上1.70以下,棱镜阵列42与基材层41的折射率差为0.01以上0.25以下,所以能够适当地控制向基材层41入射的光的特性。
此外,按照所述的液晶显示装置1,因为棱镜阵列42具有弹性,所以能够防止棱镜阵列42与导光膜3接触所导致的导光膜3的损伤。
此外,按照所述的液晶显示装置1,因为棱镜阵列42为紫外线固化树脂成型品,所以通过在基材层41上配置棱镜阵列42时使用紫外线固化树脂,能够比较容易地制造转向膜4。
[第二实施方式]
[液晶显示装置]
图2的液晶显示装置11具备:液晶面板2;导光板(导光膜3),重叠在所述液晶面板2的背面侧,将从端面入射的光线向表面侧引导;一个或多个LED光源5,沿所述导光膜3的端面配置;以及转向膜4,重叠在液晶面板2和导光膜3之间。此外,所述液晶显示装置11具备配置在液晶面板2和转向膜4之间的接合层。所述液晶显示装置11除了具备接合层6以外,与图1的液晶显示装置1的构成相同。因此,以下仅对接合层6进行说明。
(接合层)
接合层6接合转向膜4和层叠在转向膜4的表面侧的其它构件。更具体地说,接合层6接合转向膜4和配置在液晶盒21的背面的背面侧偏光板22。接合层6是由接合剂构成的接合剂层或由粘合剂构成粘合剂层。
在接合层6是所述的接合剂层的情况下,作为构成所述接合剂层的接合剂,可以例举热固化型接合剂、热熔型接合剂、光固化型接合剂等。作为所述热固化型接合剂,可以例举丙烯酸系接合剂、环氧系接合剂、聚氨酯系接合剂等。作为所述热熔型接合剂,可以例举乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)系接合剂、聚酯系接合剂、聚酰胺系接合剂、热塑性聚氨酯系接合剂、聚烯烃系接合剂等。作为所述光固化型接合剂,可以例举丙烯酸系紫外线固化型接合剂、丙烯酸-聚氨酯系紫外线固化型接合剂、环氧系紫外线固化型接合剂等。其中,优选的是耐热性、耐湿性等优异的丙烯酸系接合剂或丙烯酸-聚氨酯系接合剂,特别优选的是透射率高的丙烯酸系接合剂。优选的是,将所述接合剂的折射率调整成能够降低因在接合层6与和接合层6接合的其它构件的界面的光散射和光反射导致的光损失。例如,在转向膜4的最表层的主成分是聚碳酸酯的情况下,作为所述接合剂的折射率,优选的是1.47以上1.55以下。
另一方面,在接合层6是所述的粘合剂层的情况下,所述接合层6具有粘性。在接合层6是所述的粘合剂层的情况下,作为构成所述粘合剂层的粘合剂,可以举出常温下具有粘合力的感压式粘合剂。作为构成所述粘合剂层的粘合剂,可以例举丙烯酸系粘合剂、聚氨酯系粘合剂、硅(silicone)系粘合剂、环氧系粘合剂等。
所述液晶显示装置11由于具备接合层6,所述接合层6接合转向膜4和层叠在该转向膜4的表面侧的其它构件(在本实施方式中为背面侧偏光板22),所以能够提高转向膜4和所述的其它构件的处理性。
[其它实施方式]
本次公开的实施方式在所有的方面都是例示性的,而不是限制性的。本发明的范围不限于所述实施方式的构成,而是由权利要求表示,并包含与权利要求的范围实质上相同的内容以及在范围内的所有变形。
在所述实施方式中说明了使用导光膜3作为导光板,但是导光板不限于膜状。例如,导光板也可以是板状。
此外,导光板可以具有配置在表面侧的棱镜阵列或柱状透镜阵列的任意一方。在该情况下,优选的是,液晶显示装置1在俯视时导光板的表面的棱线方向与转向膜4的棱镜阵列42的棱线方向垂直。如果导光板具有配置在表面侧的棱镜阵列或柱状透镜阵列的任意一方,则液晶显示装置1的视角等光学性能够得到提高。
在所述实施方式中说明了转向膜4具有配置在基材层41的表面侧的扩散层43,但是也可以没有扩散层43。此外,也可以代替扩散层43具有微透镜阵列和反射偏光板中的至少任意一方,或者除了具有扩散层43以外,转向膜4还具有微透镜阵列和反射偏光板中的至少任意一方。
在所述转向膜在基材层的表面侧具有反射偏光板的情况下,也可以采用下述方式:所述基材层和反射偏光板通过由所述的接合剂或粘合剂构成的接合层接合。此外,也可以采用下述方式:所述转向膜在所述基材层的表面侧具有接合层,在所述接合层的表面侧配置作为其它构件的反射偏光板。在所述转向膜在基材层的表面侧具有接合层的情况下,也可以采用下述方式:所述转向膜在所述接合层的表面具有脱模片。
工业实用性
本发明的液晶显示装置和转向膜,能够抑制偏光导致的颜色不均和亮度不均。

Claims (9)

1.一种液晶显示装置,其特征在于,
所述液晶显示装置包括:
液晶面板;
导光板,重叠在所述液晶面板的背面侧,将从端面入射的光线向表面侧引导;
一个或多个LED光源,沿所述导光板的所述端面配置;以及
转向膜,重叠在所述液晶面板和所述导光板之间,
所述转向膜具有:透明树脂制的基材层;以及棱镜阵列,配置在所述基材层的背面侧,
所述液晶面板具有:液晶盒;以及背面侧偏光板,配置在所述液晶盒的背面侧,
所述转向膜的所述基材层的延迟值为0nm以上100nm以下,
在俯视时,所述液晶面板的所述背面侧偏光板的透射轴与所述导光板的所述端面垂直,所述转向膜的所述棱镜阵列的棱线方向与所述导光板的所述端面平行,所述液晶面板的所述背面侧偏光板的透射轴与所述转向膜的所述棱镜阵列的棱线方向垂直。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,所述基材层的主成分为聚碳酸酯。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,所述转向膜具有配置在所述基材层的表面侧的扩散层、微透镜阵列和反射偏光板中的至少任意一方。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,构成所述棱镜阵列的棱镜在背面侧为锐角。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,
所述棱镜阵列的折射率为1.35以上1.70以下,
所述棱镜阵列与所述基材层的折射率差为0.01以上0.25以下。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,所述棱镜阵列具有弹性。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,所述棱镜阵列为紫外线固化树脂成型品。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶显示装置,其特征在于,
所述导光板具有配置在表面侧的棱镜阵列或柱状透镜阵列的任意一方,
在俯视时,所述导光板的表面的棱线方向与所述转向膜的所述棱镜阵列的棱线方向垂直。
9.一种液晶显示装置用转向膜,其特征在于,
所述液晶显示装置用转向膜重叠在液晶显示装置的液晶面板和导光板之间,所述液晶显示装置包括:所述液晶面板;所述导光板,重叠在所述液晶面板的背面侧,将从端面入射的光线向表面侧引导;以及一个或多个LED光源,沿所述导光板的所述端面配置,
所述液晶显示装置用转向膜具有:
基材层,以聚碳酸酯为主成分;
棱镜阵列,配置在所述基材层的背面侧;以及
扩散层,配置在所述基材层的表面侧,使透射光线扩散,
所述基材层的延迟值为0nm以上100nm以下,并且面内延迟值的偏差为50nm以下。
CN201810224224.9A 2017-03-21 2018-03-19 液晶显示装置和液晶显示装置用转向膜 Pending CN108628028A (zh)

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