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WO2020062562A1 - 偏光结构及显示装置 - Google Patents

偏光结构及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020062562A1
WO2020062562A1 PCT/CN2018/119265 CN2018119265W WO2020062562A1 WO 2020062562 A1 WO2020062562 A1 WO 2020062562A1 CN 2018119265 W CN2018119265 W CN 2018119265W WO 2020062562 A1 WO2020062562 A1 WO 2020062562A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compensation film
polarizing
film
optical compensation
refractive index
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/119265
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
康志聪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HKC Co Ltd
Chongqing HKC Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
HKC Co Ltd
Chongqing HKC Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HKC Co Ltd, Chongqing HKC Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd filed Critical HKC Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020062562A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020062562A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
    • G02B5/305—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks including organic materials, e.g. polymeric layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display, and in particular to a polarizing structure and a display device.
  • the display device is generally composed of a backlight module and a display panel placed on the backlight module.
  • the backlight module provides incident light for the display panel.
  • the incident light is usually concentrated and incident on the display panel. Therefore, when viewing the display screen in the frontal direction, It can obtain better display image quality, but when viewing the display screen in the side view direction, the image quality is poor and the color cast is more serious, which makes the viewing angle of normal display smaller.
  • a polarizing structure is provided according to various embodiments of the present application.
  • a polarizing structure includes:
  • a polarizing film having a light incident surface and a light emitting surface opposite to the light incident surface
  • a first optical compensation film is provided on the light emitting surface of the polarizing film, the first optical compensation film has a first refractive index, and the first optical compensation film faces away from the light emitting surface of the polarizing film.
  • a convex structure is formed on one side, and an angle formed by at least a part of the surface of the convex structure and the light incident surface is an acute angle;
  • a second optical compensation film is attached to a side of the first optical compensation film having the convex structure, the second optical compensation film has a second refractive index, and the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index. Refractive index.
  • the display device most of the light generated by the backlight module is incident on the display panel vertically. If the surface of each layer of the polarizing structure in the display panel is flat and perpendicular to the direction of the normal incident light, most of the incident light is incident on the display panel vertically. It still shoots vertically at the time, which results in a better front panel view quality and a lower side view image quality.
  • the first optical compensation film and the second optical compensation film are provided, and the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index, that is, when light penetrates the first optical compensation film and is incident on the second optical compensation film, It is a process from light dense to light dense.
  • a convex structure is formed on the side of the first optical compensation film that is in contact with the second optical compensation film, and at least part of the surface of the convex structure is formed between the light incident surface and the light incident surface.
  • the angle is an acute angle. After the normal incident light enters the first optical compensation film, the incident angle formed on the surface of the convex structure is less than 90 °. Therefore, for refraction, the normal incident light is deflected, so that the positive viewing angle energy is distributed to the side viewing angle. To improve the quality of the side view.
  • the convex structure is an elongated convex structure and has a circular arc surface
  • the first optical compensation film is formed with a plurality of the convex structures and each of the elongated protrusions. Structures are set side by side.
  • the convex structure has a spherical curved surface
  • the first optical compensation film is formed with a plurality of the convex structures
  • each of the convex structures is arranged in a two-dimensional matrix array.
  • the radius of the curved surface is less than or equal to twice the height of the raised structure.
  • the radius of the curved surface is less than or equal to twice the height of the raised structure.
  • the first optical compensation film is formed with a plurality of the convex structures and a center-to-center distance between the adjacent convex structures is less than or equal to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the polarizing film has a transmission axis
  • the first optical compensation film is a first single optical axis A-compensation film
  • the optical axis of the first single optical axis A-compensation film is The transmission axis is parallel
  • the first refractive index is an abnormal refractive index of the first A-compensation film
  • the second optical compensation film is a single optical axis C-compensation film
  • the single optical axis C-compensation The optical axis of the film is perpendicular to the transmission axis
  • the second refractive index is the normal refractive index of the C-compensation film.
  • the polarizing film has a transmission axis
  • the first optical compensation film is a first single optical axis A-compensation film
  • the second optical compensation film is a second single optical axis A-compensation film
  • An optical axis of the first single optical axis A-compensation film is parallel to the transmission axis
  • the first refractive index is an abnormal refractive index of the first single optical axis A-compensation film
  • the second The optical axis of the single optical axis A-compensation film is perpendicular to the transmission axis
  • the second refractive index is a normal refractive index of the second single optical axis A-compensation film.
  • the second optical compensation film is doped with resin particles having anti-glare function.
  • it further includes:
  • a first support film is provided between the first optical compensation film and the polarizing film.
  • the first support film includes a polyethylene terephthalate support film.
  • the first support film includes a polymethyl methacrylate support film.
  • the first support film includes a triacetyl cellulose support film.
  • the first refractive index is greater than 1.0 and less than 2.5.
  • another polarizing structure is provided.
  • a polarizing structure includes:
  • a polarizing film having a light incident surface and a light emitting surface opposite to the light incident surface
  • a first optical compensation film is provided on the light emitting surface of the polarizing film, the first optical compensation film has a first refractive index, and the first optical compensation film faces away from the light emitting surface of the polarizing film.
  • a convex structure is formed on one side, and a spherical curved surface is formed on the top of the convex structure, the radius of the curved surface is less than or equal to twice the height of the convex structure, and the convex structures are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix array; and
  • a second optical compensation film is attached to a side of the first optical compensation film having the convex structure, the second optical compensation film has a second refractive index, and the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index. Refractive index.
  • the polarizing structure is provided with a first optical compensation film and a second optical compensation film, and the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index, that is, when light penetrates the first optical compensation film and is incident on the second optical compensation film, it is The process from light dense to light phosgene is combined with a convex structure formed on the side of the first optical compensation film that is in contact with the second optical compensation film.
  • the top of the convex structure includes a curved surface, and the vertically incident light enters the first optical After the compensation film, the incident angle formed on the curved surface is less than 90 °, so for refraction, the vertical incident light is deflected, so that the energy of the positive viewing angle is distributed to the side viewing angle, and the image quality of the side viewing angle is improved.
  • a display device is provided according to various embodiments of the present application.
  • a display device includes:
  • a backlight module configured to provide a light source
  • a display panel is placed on one side of the backlight module and is set as a display screen
  • the display panel includes a polarizing structure, and the polarizing structure includes:
  • a polarizing film having a light incident surface and a light emitting surface opposite to the light incident surface
  • a first optical compensation film is provided on the light emitting surface of the polarizing film, the first optical compensation film has a first refractive index, and a surface of the first optical compensation film facing away from the light emitting surface of the polarizing film is formed
  • a convex structure wherein an angle formed by at least a part of the surface of the convex structure and the light incident surface is an acute angle
  • a second optical compensation film is attached to a side of the first optical compensation film having the convex structure, the second optical compensation film has a second refractive index, and the first refractive index is greater than the second refractive index. Refractive index.
  • the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the display panel includes:
  • a first substrate having a light incident side and a light outgoing side
  • a second substrate which is located on the light emitting side of the first substrate and is opposite to the first substrate;
  • a first polarizing plate formed on a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate, the first polarizing plate including the polarizing structure;
  • a second polarizing plate is formed on a side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate.
  • the display panel includes:
  • a first substrate having a light incident side and a light outgoing side
  • a second substrate which is located on the light emitting side of the first substrate and is opposite to the first substrate;
  • a first polarizing plate formed on a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate;
  • a second polarizing plate is formed on a side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate, and the second polarizing plate includes the polarizing structure.
  • the display panel includes:
  • a first substrate having a light incident side and a light outgoing side
  • a second substrate which is located on the light emitting side of the first substrate and is opposite to the first substrate;
  • a first polarizing plate formed on a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate, the first polarizing plate including the polarizing structure;
  • a second polarizing plate is formed on a side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate, and the second polarizing plate includes the polarizing structure.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of a polarized structure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of refraction of incident light by a polarizing structure
  • 3A is a perspective structural view of a first optical compensation film in an embodiment
  • 3B is a schematic perspective view of a first optical compensation film in another embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the dimensions of a raised structure in an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a polarizing structure in an embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of a polarizing structure in another embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a polarizing plate structure in still another embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a first polarizing plate in an embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a second polarizing plate in another embodiment.
  • the polarizing structure includes a polarizing film 100, a first optical compensation film 200, and a second optical compensation film 300 stacked in this order.
  • the polarizing film 100 has a light incident surface 100A and a light emitting surface. 100B, the light incident surface 100A is a side that receives incident light, and the light enters the polarizing film 100 from the light incident surface 100A to perform polarization treatment of the light to form polarized light and exit from the light emitting surface.
  • the polarizing film 100 is a polyvinyl alcohol film.
  • the polyvinyl alcohol film has high transparency, high elongation performance, and has a polarizing effect on light.
  • the first optical compensation film 200 is formed with a plurality of convex structures 201 on a side facing away from the light exit surface 100B of the polarizing film 100.
  • An angle ⁇ formed by at least a part of the surface of each convex structure 201 and the light incident surface 100A is an acute angle, and satisfies 0 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 °.
  • the second optical compensation film 300 is attached to the first optical compensation film 200, that is, the second optical compensation film 300 is completely attached to the first optical compensation film 200. It can be understood that the first optical compensation film 200 is provided with a protrusion. In the structure 201, a groove capable of accommodating the protruding structure 201 must be formed on the second optical compensation film 300.
  • the first optical compensation film 200 has a first refractive index n1
  • the second optical compensation film 300 has a second refractive index n2
  • the first refractive index n1 is larger than the second refractive index n2.
  • the display device since most of the light is perpendicularly incident into the polarized structure, that is, most of the light is perpendicular to the light incident surface 100A. If the layers of the polarized structure are flat and free of protrusions, the vertically incident light still passes through the polarized structure. For vertical emission, most of the light energy is concentrated in the front viewing angle of the panel, which makes the picture quality of the front viewing angle better, while the side viewing angle has poor light quality due to less light energy.
  • a first optical compensation film 200 and a second optical compensation film 300 having different refractive indexes are provided, and a convex structure 201 is formed on a side of the first optical compensation film 200 that is in contact with the second compensation film 300, and the vertically incident light from the first
  • an optical compensation film 200 is incident on the second optical compensation film 300, it will be refracted at the convex structure 201, change the propagation path of the vertically incident light, deflect the light, and distribute the light energy of the normal viewing angle to the large viewing angle.
  • Improve the quality of the side view improve the quality of the side view.
  • the incident angle of the vertically incident light at the surface of the convex structure 201 is ⁇ , 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 °, so the light will be refracted, and the refraction angle is ⁇ . Since the light enters from the dense to the light, ⁇ is greater than ⁇ , that is, the light propagation path changes, the light deviates from the original perpendicular incidence direction, and diverges to the side. , So more light will enter the side, improving the quality of the side view angle.
  • the value range of the first refractive index n1 is 1.0 ⁇ n1 ⁇ 2.5
  • the value range of the second refractive index n2 is 1.0 ⁇ n2 ⁇ 2.5.
  • the value range of m is 0.01 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.5.
  • the first optical compensation film 200 is formed with a plurality of convex structures 201.
  • Each convex structure 201 is an elongated structure and has an arc-shaped curved surface.
  • the curved surface may be an arc-shaped curved surface.
  • Each convex structure 201 can be arranged side by side.
  • the included angle between the curved surface and the light incident surface 100A of the polarizing film 100 is the angle between the cut surface of the curved surface and the light incident surface 100A.
  • the included angle is an acute angle.
  • the convex structures 201 may also have spherical curved surfaces.
  • Each convex structure 201 is arranged in a two-dimensional matrix array.
  • the included angle between the spherical curved surface and the light-incident surface 100A of the polarizing film 100 is a tangent surface of the spherical curved surface and incident light.
  • the included angle of the surface 100A is an acute angle. Because in the display device, most of the light generated by the backlight module is incident on the display panel vertically, that is, most of the light incident on the optical compensation film is perpendicular to the light incident surface 100A of the polarizing film 100.
  • each optical film in the polarizing structure is flat without bumps and perpendicular to the normal incident light, the normal incident light does not change its propagation direction when it penetrates the polarizing structure, that is, the light is still emitted perpendicularly when it is incident vertically, causing the light to be concentrated in the front view.
  • the angle makes the display quality of the front view better, but the side view angle is poor due to the weak light.
  • the curved convex structure 201 since the curved convex structure 201 is provided, it can refract perpendicularly incident light, and the light deviates from the original normal incident direction and diverges to the side. Therefore, more light enters the side and improves the side view. The quality of the angle.
  • each of the protruding structures 201 may also have a beveled surface or other shapes of surfaces, so as to refract the light incident perpendicularly.
  • the radius of the curved surface is R
  • the height of the convex structure 201 is D
  • the relationship between the radius R and the height D may be R ⁇ 2D, so that the curvature radius of the curved surface is reduced when the film layer is thin.
  • a gap exists between two adjacent protruding structures 201, and there may be no gap.
  • the protruding structures 201 are left-right symmetrical structures, the width of the protruding structures 201 is 2r, and the center distance between adjacent protruding structures 201 is P, P ⁇ 2r.
  • the center-to-center distance between adjacent convex structures 201 is less than or equal to 10 ⁇ m, that is, smaller than the opening width of a general pixel, that is, each pixel opening corresponds to at least one convex structure 201 that deflects the pixel light.
  • the gap width is G, and G is smaller than or close to the wavelength of the incident light.
  • the light transmitted to the convex structure 201 of the optical compensation film may be refracted to deflect the light to the side viewing angle, and the light transmitted to the gap between adjacent convex structures 201 may be diffracted or
  • the refraction effect combined with the diffractive effect can make more perpendicular incident light deflect to the side viewing angle to enhance the image quality of the side viewing angle.
  • the value range of G is specifically 300 nm ⁇ X ⁇ 1000 nm.
  • the polarizing film 100 has an absorption axis and a transmission axis, and polarized light having an electric field direction parallel to the transmission axis can pass through the polarizing film 100.
  • the first optical compensation film and the second optical compensation film should be made of a transparent or translucent material that can transmit light and have the function of optical compensation.
  • the optical compensation may specifically be phase compensation.
  • the first optical compensation film and the second optical compensation film are filled with liquid crystal.
  • the liquid crystal is a birefringent material. When the light enters the liquid crystal, the light is refracted into two kinds of normal light and abnormal light. Among them, the normal light is refracted.
  • the normal refractive index is the normal refractive index
  • the abnormal refractive index is the abnormal refractive index
  • the abnormal refractive direction is the direction of the optical electric field parallel to the liquid crystal optical axis
  • the normal refractive direction is the direction of the optical electric field perpendicular to the liquid crystal optical axis
  • the abnormal refractive direction is normal
  • the direction of refraction is vertical.
  • the first optical compensation film 200 is a first single optical axis A-compensation film
  • the first single optical axis A-compensation film may be filled with the first nematic liquid crystal 202.
  • the nematic liquid crystal 202 is a bar-shaped liquid crystal.
  • the optical axis of the first nematic liquid crystal 202 is parallel to the light incident surface 100A and parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing film 100.
  • the abnormal refraction of the first nematic liquid crystal 202 The direction is the direction in which the direction of the optical electric field is parallel to the optical axis of the first nematic liquid crystal 202, that is, the direction of the abnormally refracted optical field of the first nematic liquid crystal 202 is parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing film 100, and the corresponding abnormal refractive index is n1 e ;
  • the second optical compensation film 300 is a single optical axis C-compensating film, and the single optical axis C-compensating film can be filled with a disc-shaped liquid crystal 301, and the optical axis of the disc-shaped liquid crystal 301 is perpendicular to the light incident surface 100A.
  • the normal refraction directions of 301 are the directions in which the direction of the optical electric field is perpendicular to the optical axis of the dish-shaped liquid crystal 301, that is, the directions of the normal electric fields of refraction of the dish-shaped liquid crystal 301 can be in the directions parallel to the light incident surface 100A, and the corresponding normal refractive indices N2 O is, in the present embodiment, the refractive index of the first compensation film refractive abnormalities A- n1 e, a refractive index of the second compensation film C- normal refractive index n2 o. After the polarization of the polarizing film 100, the light becomes linearly polarized light.
  • the direction of the electric field of the linearly polarized light is parallel to the transmission axis. After passing through the first optical compensation film 200, the direction of the electric field of the linearly polarized light is the same as that of the first optical compensation film 200.
  • the optical axis is parallel, so only anomalous refraction occurs in the first optical compensation film 200.
  • the first refractive index is selected from the abnormal refractive index of the first optical compensation film 200, and then passes through the second optical compensation film 300.
  • the electric field direction of the linearly polarized light behind the film 200 is still parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing film 100 and perpendicular to the optical axis of the second optical compensation film 300, so only normal refraction occurs in the second optical compensation film 300, and the second refraction occurs
  • the normal refractive index of the second optical compensation film 300 is selected.
  • the axis A-compensation film and the single-optical axis C-compensation film also constitute a dual-optical axis phase compensation film, which can phase compensate light and avoid the effect of phase delay on the image quality.
  • the first optical compensation film 200 is a first single optical axis A-compensation film, and the first single optical axis A-compensation film may be filled with a first nematic liquid crystal 202,
  • the optical axis of the first nematic liquid crystal 202 is parallel to the light incident surface 100A and parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing film 100.
  • the abnormal refraction direction of the first nematic liquid crystal 202 is the direction of the optical electric field and the first nematic liquid crystal liquid crystal. parallel to the optical axis 202, i.e.
  • a first phase of a nematic liquid crystal and the polarizing film 202 of the optical field direction of the transmission axis 100 is parallel to refracted anomalous, anomalous corresponding to a refractive index of n1 e;
  • a second optical compensation film 300 for the first Two single optical axis A-compensating films, the second single optical axis A-compensating film can be filled with a second nematic liquid crystal 302, and the optical axis of the second nematic liquid crystal 302 is perpendicular to the transmission axis, and the second nematic
  • the normal refraction direction of the phase liquid crystal 302 is a direction in which the direction of the optical electric field is perpendicular to the optical axis of the second nematic liquid crystal 302, that is, the direction of the optical field normally refracted by the second nematic liquid crystal 302 is parallel to the transmission axis of the polarizing film 100.
  • the corresponding normal refractive index is n1 o .
  • the abnormal refractive index of the first single optical axis A-compensation film is larger than the normal refractive index of the first single optical axis A-compensation film, that is, n1 e > n1 o .
  • the process of light passing from the first single optical axis compensation film into the second single optical axis compensation film is a process in which the light dense substance enters the light phosgene.
  • a first supporting film 800 is further provided between the first optical compensation film 200 and the polarizing film 100.
  • the first supporting film 800 may be a triacetate cellulose (TAC) supporting film. It can also be a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) support film, or a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) support film.
  • TAC triacetate cellulose
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • a polarizing structure uses polyvinyl alcohol as the polarizing film 100, and the polyvinyl alcohol has extremely strong hydrophilicity.
  • a first supporting film is provided to protect the physical characteristics of the polarizing film 100.
  • the first optical compensation film 200 is directly attached to the light-emitting surface of the polarizing film 100, that is, a first supporting film is not provided between the first optical compensation film 200 and the polarizing film 100.
  • a first optical compensation film 200 and a second optical compensation film 300 are provided on one side, and the first optical compensation film 200 and the second optical compensation film 300 can both deflect light and serve as a protective layer to protect the polarizing film 100. Therefore, the support film on the light-emitting side of the polarizing film 100 can be omitted in the polarizing structure, which is beneficial to the thin design of the product.
  • the first optical compensation film 200 and the second optical compensation film 300 need to have appropriate thicknesses to achieve the protective effect on the polarizing film 100.
  • the polarizing structure is specifically located in the polarizing plate and is the core component of the polarizing plate.
  • the polarizing plate specifically polarizes the light through the polarizing structure.
  • the polarizing plate is integrated in the display panel.
  • the polarizing plate located on the display screen side of the display panel is the second polarizing plate, and the polarizing plate located on the other side of the display panel facing away from the display screen is the first polarizing plate.
  • Light is incident on the display.
  • the polarizing treatment of the first polarizing plate is performed first, and then the second polarizing plate is passed through and emitted.
  • the above-mentioned polarizing structure may be located in the first polarizing plate, and the second optical compensation film 300 may be doped with resin particles 303 having anti-glare function without increasing polarized light.
  • the thickness of the panel can reduce the light reflection phenomenon of the display panel and improve the user experience.
  • the polarizing structure includes a polarizing film 100, a first optical compensation film 200, and a second optical compensation film 300 stacked in this order.
  • the polarizing film 100 has The light surface 100A and the light exit surface 100B, the light incident surface 100A is the side that receives the incident light, the light enters the polarizing film 100 from the light incident surface 100A, and polarizes the light to form polarized light and exit from the light exit surface 100B.
  • the first optical compensation film 200 is formed with a plurality of convex structures 201 on a side facing away from the light-emitting surface 100B of the polarizing film 100.
  • Each convex structure 201 has a spherical curved surface on the top, and the radius R of the curved surface is less than or equal to the height D of the convex structure 201. Twice, each convex structure 201 is arranged in a two-dimensional matrix array.
  • the second optical compensation film 300 is attached to the first optical compensation film 200, that is, the second optical compensation film 300 and the first optical compensation film 200 are completely attached.
  • the first optical compensation film 200 has a first refractive index n1
  • the second optical compensation film 300 has a second refractive index n2
  • the first refractive index n1 is larger than the second refractive index n2.
  • the convex structure 201 has a spherical curved surface and the convex structure 201 is arranged in a two-dimensional rectangular array, refraction occurs in a two-dimensional plane, so that the light is diffused to various angles of the two-dimensional plane, so that each angle of view can present a better Picture quality.
  • the present application also discloses a display device.
  • the display device includes a backlight module 2 and a display panel 1 disposed on one side of the backlight module 2.
  • the display panel 1 includes the above-mentioned polarizing structure.
  • the backlight module 2 is configured to provide a light source, and the light source plate generates incident light, which is incident on the display panel 1 in a concentrated manner.
  • the divergence angle of the incident light is at a small angle with the direction perpendicular to the display panel 1.
  • the small angle ⁇ may be less than 30 °.
  • Most of the light received by the display panel 1 is normal incident light.
  • the first optical compensation film 200 and the second optical compensation film 300 exist in the display panel 1 and the first optical compensation film 200 is formed with a convex structure 201,
  • the surface of the structure 201 can deflect perpendicularly incident light through refraction, thereby allocating the energy of the positive viewing angle to the side viewing angle and improving the image quality of the side viewing angle.
  • the structure of the polarizing plate in the display panel has been described above, and is not repeated here.
  • the light source in the backlight module 20 includes a side-type light source 2A and a light guide plate 2B opposite to the side-type light source.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the light guide plate are provided with long V-shaped grooves. Parallel to the side-entry light source, the length direction of the V-shaped groove on the upper surface of the light guide plate and the length direction of the V-shaped groove on the lower surface are perpendicular to each other.
  • the display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a first polarizing plate, and a second polarizing plate, wherein the first substrate has a light incident side and a light emitting side, and the second substrate is located on the light emitting side of the first substrate. And disposed opposite to the first substrate, a first polarizing plate is formed on a side of the first substrate facing away from the second substrate, a second polarizing plate is formed on a side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate, and the first polarizing plate includes The polarizing structure, or the second polarizing plate includes a polarizing structure, or both the first polarizing plate and the second polarizing plate include a polarizing structure.
  • the polarizing structure has been described in detail above, and is not repeated here.
  • the polarizing plate contains a polarizing structure, at the polarizing structure, the light will be refracted, which deflects the normal incident light to the side viewing angle, distributes the energy of the positive viewing angle to the side viewing angle, and improves the image quality of the side viewing angle.
  • the display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the liquid crystal display panel includes a second polarizing plate 10, a first polarizing plate 30, a second substrate 22 supporting the second polarizing plate 30, and a support.
  • the liquid crystal 23 in the middle of the substrate 22 constitutes a liquid crystal layer 20.
  • the incident light passes through the first polarizing plate 30 and becomes linearly polarized light.
  • the liquid crystal layer 20 can reverse the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light, and allow the linearly polarized light to pass through the second polarizing plate 10 to display a picture on the display panel.
  • the above-mentioned polarizing structure may be located in the first polarizing plate 30 or in the second polarizing plate 10.
  • the first polarizing plate when the polarizing structure is located on the first polarizing plate 30, the first polarizing plate includes the above-mentioned polarizing structure, and also includes a second support attached to the light incident surface 100A of the polarizing film 100.
  • the first polarizing plate 30 can be pasted on the first substrate 21 through the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 400.
  • the first optical compensation film 200 It may be a first single optical axis A-compensation film
  • the second optical compensation film 300 may be a second single optical axis A-compensation film or a single optical axis C-compensation film. While the refractive index of the compensation film 300 is different and deflects the normal incident light, the first optical compensation film 200 and the second optical compensation film 300 also constitute a dual optical axis phase compensation film, which can perform phase compensation on the light and avoid phase delay. Effect of picture quality.
  • the second polarizing plate 10 when the polarizing structure is located in the second polarizing plate 10, the second polarizing plate 10 includes the polarizing film 100 facing away from the first optical compensation film in addition to the polarizing structure described above.
  • the phase compensation film 600 and the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 700 are stacked on one side of 200.
  • the phase compensation film 600 is located between the second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 700 and the polarizing film 100.
  • the display panel may also be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) display panel, or a curved display panel, and the above-mentioned polarized light panel is included. Structure of other display panels.
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • QLED quantum dot light emitting diode

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Abstract

一种偏光结构和显示装置，包括具有入光面（100A）和出光面（100B）的偏光膜（100）以及依次叠设在偏光膜（100）出光面（100B）上的第一光学补偿膜（200）和第二光学补偿膜（300），其中，在第一光学补偿膜（200）上与第二光学补偿膜（300）接触的一面形成有凸起结构（201），凸起结构（201）至少部分表面与入光面（100A）所形成的角度为锐角，第二光学补偿膜（300）贴合于第一光学补偿膜（200）上，且第一光学补偿膜（200）的折射率大于第二光学补偿膜（300）的折射率。

Description

偏光结构及显示装置
相关申请
本申请要求于2018年9月30日提交中国专利局的，申请号为201811161577.5、申请名称为“偏光结构、显示面板及显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及显示领域，特别是涉及一种偏光结构及显示装置。
背景技术
这里的陈述仅提供与本申请有关的背景信息，而不必然地构成现有技术。
随着显示技术的发展，显示装置因具有高画质、省电、机身薄等优点被广泛应用于这种电子产品中，其中，画质的好坏是影响消费者体验的最主要的因素。显示装置一般由背光模组和置于背光模组上的显示面板构成，背光模组为显示面板提供入射光，该入射光通常是集中垂直入射至显示面板，因此在正视方向观看显示屏时，能获取较好的显示画质，但是在侧视方向观看显示屏时，画质较差，色偏比较严重，使得正常显示的视角较小。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例提供一种偏光结构。
一种偏光结构，包括：
偏光膜，所述偏光膜具有入光面和与所述入光面相对的出光面；
第一光学补偿膜，设于所述偏光膜的所述出光面上，所述第一光学补偿膜具有第一折射率，所述第一光学补偿膜背离所述偏光膜的所述出光面的一 面形成有凸起结构，所述凸起结构至少部分表面与所述入光面所形成的角度为锐角；
第二光学补偿膜，贴合于所述第一光学补偿膜上具有所述凸起结构的一面，所述第二光学补偿膜具有第二折射率，所述第一折射率大于所述第二折射率。
由于在显示装置中，背光模组产生的大部分光线是垂直入射至显示面板，若显示面板中的偏光结构各层膜表面平整且与垂直入射光方向垂直，大部分入射光垂直入射至显示面板时仍然垂直射出，导致显示面板正视角画质较好而侧视角画质较差。在本方案中，由于设有第一光学补偿膜和第二光学补偿膜，且第一折射率大于第二折射率，即光穿透第一光学补偿膜并入射至第二光学补偿膜时，是从光密质进入光疏质的过程，结合第一光学补偿膜上与第二光学补偿膜相贴合的一面形成有凸起结构，该凸起结构至少部分表面与入光面形成的夹角为锐角，垂直入射光进入第一光学补偿膜后，在凸起结构的表面形成的入射角小于90°，因此为发生折射，使垂直入射光发生偏转，从而使正视角能量分配到侧视角，提高侧视角的画质。
在其中一个实施例中，所述凸起结构为长条形凸起结构且具有圆弧曲面，所述第一光学补偿膜形成有多个所述凸起结构且各所述长条形凸起结构并排设置。
在其中一个实施例中，所述凸起结构具有球型曲面，所述第一光学补偿膜形成有多个所述凸起结构且各所述凸起结构呈二维矩阵阵列排列。
在其中一个实施例中，所述曲面的半径小于或等于所述凸起结构高度的两倍。
在其中一个实施例中，所述曲面的半径小于或等于所述凸起结构高度的两倍。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一光学补偿膜形成有多个所述凸起结构且相邻所述凸起结构的中心间距小于或等于10μm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述偏光膜具有穿透轴，所述第一光学补偿膜为第一单光轴A-补偿膜，所述第一单光轴A-补偿膜的光轴与所述穿透轴平行，所述第一折射率为所述第一A-补偿膜的反常折射率，所述第二光学补偿膜为单光轴C-补偿膜，所述单光轴C-补偿膜的光轴与所述穿透轴垂直，所述第二折射率为所述C-补偿膜的正常折射率。
在其中一个实施例中，所述偏光膜具有穿透轴，所述第一光学补偿膜为 第一单光轴A-补偿膜，所第二光学补偿膜为第二单光轴A-补偿膜，所述第一单光轴A-补偿膜的光轴与所述穿透轴平行，所述第一折射率为所述第一单光轴A-补偿膜的反常折射率，所述第二单光轴A-补偿膜的光轴与所述穿透轴垂直，所述第二折射率为所述第二单光轴A-补偿膜的正常折射率。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二光学补偿膜内掺杂有抗炫功能的树酯颗粒。
在其中一个实施例中，还包括：
第一支撑膜，设于所述第一光学补偿膜与所述偏光膜之间。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一支撑膜包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯支撑膜。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一支撑膜包括聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯支撑膜。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一支撑膜包括三醋酸纤维素支撑膜。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一折射率大于1.0且小于2.5。
根据本申请的各种实施例提供另一种偏光结构。
一种偏光结构，包括：
偏光膜，所述偏光膜具有入光面和与所述入光面相对的出光面；
第一光学补偿膜，设于所述偏光膜的所述出光面上，所述第一光学补偿膜具有第一折射率，所述第一光学补偿膜背离所述偏光膜的所述出光面的一面形成有凸起结构，所述凸起结构顶部具有球型曲面，所述曲面的半径小于或等于所述凸起结构高度的两倍，所述凸起结构呈二维矩阵阵列排列；以及
第二光学补偿膜，贴合于所述第一光学补偿膜上具有所述凸起结构的一面，所述第二光学补偿膜具有第二折射率，所述第一折射率大于所述第二折射率。
上述偏光结构，由于设有第一光学补偿膜和第二光学补偿膜，且第一折射率大于第二折射率，即光穿透第一光学补偿膜并入射至第二光学补偿膜时，是从光密质进入光疏质的过程，结合第一光学补偿膜上与第二光学补偿膜相贴合的一面形成有凸起结构，该凸起结构顶部包含曲面，垂直入射光进入第一光学补偿膜后，在曲面形成的入射角小于90°，因此为发生折射，使垂直入射光发生偏转，从而使正视角能量分配到侧视角，提高侧视角的画质。
根据本申请的各种实施例提供一种显示装置。
一种显示装置，包括：
背光模组，设置为提供光源；以及
显示面板，置于所述背光模组一侧，设置为显示画面；
其中，所述显示面板包括偏光结构，所述偏光结构包括：
偏光膜，所述偏光膜具有入光面和与所述入光面相对的出光面；
第一光学补偿膜，设于所述偏光膜的所述出光面上，所述第一光学补偿膜具有第一折射率，所述第一光学补偿膜背离所述偏光膜出光面的一面形成有凸起结构，所述凸起结构至少部分表面与所述入光面所形成的角度为锐角；以及
第二光学补偿膜，贴合于所述第一光学补偿膜上具有所述凸起结构的一面，所述第二光学补偿膜具有第二折射率，所述第一折射率大于所述第二折射率。
在其中一个实施例中，述显示面板为液晶显示面板。
在其中一个实施例中，所述显示面板包括：
第一基板，所述第一基板具有入光侧和出光侧；
第二基板，位于所述第一基板的出光侧且与所述第一基板相对设置；
第一偏光板，形成于所述第一基板上背离所述第二基板的一侧，所述第一偏光板包含所述偏光结构；以及
第二偏光板，形成于所述第二基板上背离所述第一基板的一侧。
在其中一个实施例中，所述显示面板包括：
第一基板，所述第一基板具有入光侧和出光侧；
第二基板，位于所述第一基板的出光侧且与所述第一基板相对设置；
第一偏光板，形成于所述第一基板上背离所述第二基板的一侧；以及
第二偏光板，形成于所述第二基板上背离所述第一基板的一侧，所述第二偏光板包含所述偏光结构。
在其中一个实施例中，所述显示面板包括：
第一基板，所述第一基板具有入光侧和出光侧；
第二基板，位于所述第一基板的出光侧且与所述第一基板相对设置；
第一偏光板，形成于所述第一基板上背离所述第二基板的一侧，所述第一偏光板包含所述偏光结构；以及
第二偏光板，形成于所述第二基板上背离所述第一基板的一侧，所述第二偏光板包含所述偏光结构。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其他特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一副或多副附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1为偏光结构爆炸图；
图2为偏光结构对入射光的折射示意图；
图3A为一实施例中第一光学补偿膜的立体结构图；
图3B为另一实施例中第一光学补偿膜的立体示意图；
图4为对一实施例中凸起结构的尺寸说明图；
图5为一实施例中偏光结构局部剖视图；
图6为另一实施例中偏光结构局部剖视图；
图7为又一实施例中偏光板结构的结构示意图；
图8为一实施例中显示装置结构示意图；
图9为一实施例中显示面板结构示意图；
图10为一实施例中第一偏光板结构示意图；
图11为另一实施例中第二偏光板结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本申请，下面将参照相关附图对本申请进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本申请的首选实施例。但是，本申请可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本申请的公开内容更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技 术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
为了彻底理解本申请，将在下列的描述中提出详细步骤以及结构，以便阐释本申请提出的技术方案。本申请的较佳实施例详细描述如下，然而除了这些详细描述外，本申请还可以具有其他实施方式。
在一实施例中，如图1所示，偏光结构包括依次叠设的偏光膜100、第一光学补偿膜200和第二光学补偿膜300，其中，偏光膜100具有入光面100A和出光面100B，入光面100A为接收入射光的一面，光线从入光面100A进入偏光膜100进行光线的偏振处理以形成偏振光并从出光面射出。在一实施例中，偏光膜100为聚乙烯醇膜，聚乙烯醇膜具有高透明、高延展性能并且对光线具有偏振作用。第一光学补偿膜200在背离偏光膜100出光面100B的一面形成有多个凸起结构201，各凸起结构201至少部分表面与入光面100A所形成的角度α为锐角，满足0°＜α＜90°。第二光学补偿膜300贴合于第一光学补偿膜200上，即第二光学补偿膜300与第一光学补偿膜200完全贴合，可以理解的，第一光学补偿膜200上设有凸起结构201，则第二光学补偿膜300上必定形成有可容纳凸起结构201的凹槽。第一光学补偿膜200具有第一折射率n1，第二光学补偿膜300具有第二折射率n2，第一折射率n1大于第二折射率n2。当光穿透第一光学补偿膜200进入第二光学补偿膜300时，是从光密质进入光疏质的过程，又由于凸起结构201至少部分表面与入光面100A的夹角α为锐角，当光线垂直入射至该偏光结构时，即垂直入射至入光面100A时，会发生折射现象，垂直入射光朝侧视角偏转。
在显示装置中，由于绝大部分光线是垂直入射至偏光结构中，即绝大部分光线垂直于入光面100A，若偏光结构各膜层平整无凸起，则垂直入射光经过偏光结构后仍然垂直射出，大部分光能量集中在面板正视角，使得正视角的画质较好，而侧视角由于光能量较少，导致侧视角的画质较差。本方案通 过设置不同折射率的第一光学补偿膜200和第二光学补偿膜300并在第一光学补偿膜200上与第二补偿膜300接触的一面形成凸起结构201，垂直入射光从第一光学补偿膜200入射至第二光学补偿膜300时，会在凸起结构201处发生折射，改变垂直入射光的传播路径，使光线发生偏转，从而使正视角光型能量分配到大视角，提高侧视角的画质。
结合图2所示，当光线1或光线2垂直入射并穿透第一光学补偿膜200进入第二光学补偿膜300时，垂直入射光在凸起结构201表面处的入射角为β，0＜β＜90°，因此光线会发生折射，折射角为γ，由于光线是从光密质进入光疏质，γ大于β，即光线传播路径发生改变，光线偏离原来垂直入射方向，向侧边发散，因此会有更多的光线射入侧边，提高侧视角度的画质。可以理解的，第一折射率n1与第二折射率n2的差异越大，发生折射时的折射角度越大，越容易将正视光型能量分配到大视角。在一实施例中，第一折射率n1的取值范围为1.0＜n1＜2.5，第二折射率n2的取值范围为1.0＜n2＜2.5。在一实施例中，若m＝n1-n2，m的取值范围为0.01＜m＜1.5。
如图3A所示，第一光学补偿膜200形成有多个凸起结构201，各凸起结构201为长条形结构且具有弧形曲面，该曲面可为圆弧曲面。各凸起结构201可并排设置，当凸起结构201具有弧形曲面时，弧形曲面与偏光膜100入光面100A的夹角为弧形曲面的切面与入光面100A的夹角，该夹角为锐角。如图3B所示，凸起结构201也可具有球型曲面，各凸起结构201呈二维矩阵阵列排列，球形曲面与偏光膜100入光面100A的夹角为球形曲面的切面与入光面100A的夹角，该夹角为锐角。由于在显示装置中，背光模组生成的光线大部分是集中垂直入射至显示面板，即入射至光学补偿膜的光线大部分垂直于偏光膜100的入光面100A。若偏光结构中各光学薄膜的表面平整无凸起且与垂直入射光相互垂直，则垂直入射光穿透偏光结构时未改变其传播方向，即光线垂直入射时仍然垂直射出，造成光线集中在正视角度，使得正视方向的显示画质较好，而侧视角度由于光线较弱，侧视角度的画质较差。在本实施例中，由于设有曲面凸起结构201，可以对垂直入射光线进行折射，光线 偏离原来垂直入射方向，向侧边发散，因此会有更多的光线射入侧边，提高侧视角度的画质。当凸起结构201具有弧形曲面且凸起结构201并排排列时，仅在一维方向发生折射，使光线发散到弧形曲面的两侧；当凸起结构201具有球形曲面且凸起结构201呈二维矩形阵列排列时，会在二维平面内发生折射，使光线发散至二维平面的各个角度，从而使各个视角都能呈现较好的画质。在其他的实施例中，各凸起结构201也可具有斜面及其他形态的表面，能使垂直入射的光线发生折射即可。
在一实施例中，如图4所示，上述曲面为圆弧曲面或圆球曲面时，曲面的半径为R，凸起结构201的高度为D，半径R和高度D之间的关系可为R≤2D，使得在膜层较薄时减小曲面的曲率半径，曲率半径越小，折射效果越明显，可以分配到大视角的能量范围就越多。
在一实施例中，相邻两凸起结构201之间存在间隙，也可不存在间隙。如图4所示，在一实施例中，凸起结构201为左右对称结构，凸起结构201的宽度为2r，相邻凸起结构201的中心间距为P，P≥2r。在一实施例中，相邻凸起结构201的中心间距小于或等于10μm，即小于一般像素的开口宽度，即满足每个像素开口对应有至少一个凸起结构201对该像素光线进行偏转。
在一实施例中，相邻两凸起结构201之间存在间隙，如图4所示，间隙宽度为G，G小于或接近入射光的波长。光线入射至光学补偿膜时，传播至光学补偿膜凸起结构201处的光线可发生折射，使光线向侧视角偏转，同时传播至相邻凸起结构201间隙处的光线可发生衍射，也可使光线向侧视角偏转，折射作用结合衍射作用，可使得更多垂直入射光向侧视角偏转以增强侧视角的画质。在一实施例中，G的取值范围具体为300nm≤X≤1000nm。
偏光膜100具有吸收轴和穿透轴，电场方向与穿透轴平行的偏振光能通过偏光膜100。在本方案中，第一光学补偿膜和第二光学补偿膜应为可透光的透明或半透明材料制成且具有光学补偿的功能，光学补偿具体可为相位补偿。在一实施例中，第一光学补偿膜和第二光学补偿膜内填充有液晶，液晶为双折射材料，光线进入液晶时会折射成正常光和反常光两条光线，其中， 正常光的折射率为正常折射率，反常光的折射率为反常折射率，反常折射方向为光电场方向与液晶光轴平行的方向，正常折射方向为光电场与液晶光轴垂直的方向，反常折射方向与正常折射方向垂直。在本实施例中，如图5所示，第一光学补偿膜200为第一单光轴A-补偿膜，第一单光轴A-补偿膜内部可填充第一向列相液晶202，第一向列相液晶202为长条棒状型液晶，第一向列相液晶202的光轴与入光面100A平行且与偏光膜100的穿透轴平行，第一向列相液晶202的反常折射方向为光电场方向与第一向列相液晶202的光轴平行的方向，即第一向列相液晶202反常折射的光电场方向与偏光膜100的穿透轴平行，对应的反常折射率为n1 e；第二光学补偿膜300为单光轴C-补偿膜，单光轴C-补偿膜内可填充碟状液晶301，碟状液晶301的光轴垂直于入光面100A，碟状液晶301的正常折射方向为光电场方向与碟状液晶301光轴垂直的各个方向，即碟状液晶301的正常折射的光电场方向可为与入光面100A平行的各个方向，对应的正常折射率为n2 o，在本实施例中，第一折射率为A-补偿膜的反常折射率n1 e，第二折射率为C-补偿膜正常折射率n2 o。光线经过偏光膜100的偏振处理后变为线偏振光，该线偏振光的电场方向与穿透轴平行，经过第一光学补偿膜200，由于线偏振光的电场方向与第一光学补偿膜200的光轴平行，因此在第一光学补偿膜200内只发生反常折射，第一折射率选取第一光学补偿膜200的反常折射率，然后经过第二光学补偿膜300，由于经过第一光学补偿膜200后的线偏振光的电场方向仍然与偏光膜100的穿透轴平行，与第二光学补偿膜300的光轴垂直，因此在第二光学补偿膜300内只发生正常折射，第二折射率选取第二光学补偿膜300的正常折射率。由于光线经过液晶后会出现相位延迟的现象，在本方案中，在利用单光轴A-补偿膜与单光轴C-补偿膜的折射率不同而使垂直入射光线发生偏转的同时，单光轴A-补偿膜与单光轴C-补偿膜也构成双光轴相位补偿膜，可以对光线进行相位补偿，避免相位延迟对画质的影响。
在另一实施例中，如图6所示，第一光学补偿膜200为第一单光轴A-补偿膜，第一单光轴A-补偿膜内部可填充第一向列相液晶202，第一向列相液 晶202的光轴与入光面100A平行且与偏光膜100的穿透轴平行，第一向列相液晶202的反常折射方向为光电场方向与第一向列相液晶液晶202的光轴平行的方向，即第一向列相液晶液晶202反常折射的光电场方向与偏光膜100的穿透轴平行，对应的反常折射率为n1 e；第二光学补偿膜300为第二单光轴A-补偿膜，第二单光轴A-补偿膜内部可填充第二向列相液晶302，且第二向列相液晶302的光轴与穿透轴垂直，第二向列相液晶302的正常折射方向为光电场方向与第二向列相液晶302的光轴垂直的方向，即第二向列相液晶302正常折射的光电场方向与偏光膜100的穿透轴平行，对应的正常折射率为n1 o。而第一单光轴A-补偿膜的反常折射率大于第一单光轴A-补偿膜的正常折射率，即n1 e>n1 o。光线从第一单光轴补偿膜进入第二单光轴补偿膜的过程，是光密质进入光疏质的过程。
在一实施例中，如图7所示，在第一光学补偿膜200与偏光膜100之间还设有第一支撑膜800，第一支撑膜800可为三醋酸纤维素(TAC)支撑膜，也可为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)支撑膜，还可为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)支撑膜。通常，偏光结构中使用聚乙烯醇作为偏光膜100，而聚乙烯醇具有极强的亲水性，设置第一支撑膜，能保护偏光膜100的物理特性。在另一实施例中，第一光学补偿膜200直接贴合于偏光膜100的出光面上，即第一光学补偿膜200与偏光膜100之间不设置第一支撑膜，由于在偏光膜100的一侧设有第一光学补偿膜200和第二光学补偿膜300，第一光学补偿膜200和第二光学补偿膜300既能对光线进行偏转，也可以充当保护层来保护偏光膜100，因此在偏光结构中可以省略偏光膜100出光侧的支撑膜，有利于产品的薄型化设计。需要说明的是，第一光学补偿膜200和第二光学补偿膜300需具有合适的厚度以实现对偏光膜100的保护作用。
偏光结构具体位于偏光板中，是偏光板的核心部件，偏光板具体通过偏光结构对光线进行偏振处理。而偏光板集成于显示面板中，位于显示面板显示画面一侧的偏光板为第二偏光板，位于显示面板背离显示画面一侧的另一侧的偏光板为第一偏光板，光线入射至显示面板时，先经过第一偏光板的偏 振处理后再经过第二偏光板并射出。在一实施例中，如图5所示，上述偏光结构可位于该第一偏光板中，其中的第二光学补偿膜300内可掺杂具有抗炫功能的树酯颗粒303，在不增加偏光板厚度的情况下可减小显示面板光反射现象，提升用户体验。
本申请还涉及一种偏光结构，结合图1和图4所示，偏光结构包括依次叠设的偏光膜100、第一光学补偿膜200和第二光学补偿膜300，其中，偏光膜100具有入光面100A和出光面100B，入光面100A为接收入射光的一面，光线从入光面100A进入偏光膜100进行光线的偏振处理后形成偏振光并从出光面100B射出。第一光学补偿膜200在背离偏光膜100出光面100B的一面形成有多个凸起结构201，各凸起结构201顶部具有球形曲面，曲面的半径R小于或等于所述凸起结构201高度D的两倍，各凸起结构201呈二维矩阵阵列排列。第二光学补偿膜300贴合于第一光学补偿膜200上，即第二光学补偿膜300与第一光学补偿膜200完全贴合。第一光学补偿膜200具有第一折射率n1，第二光学补偿膜300具有第二折射率n2，第一折射率n1大于第二折射率n2。当光穿透第一光学补偿膜200进入第二光学补偿膜300时，是从光密质进入光疏质的过程，又由于凸起结构201顶部具有曲面，当光线垂直入射至该偏光结构时，即垂直入射至入光面100A时，在曲面处会发生折射现象，且曲面的半径小于或等于所述凸起结构201高度的两倍，使得在膜层较薄时减小曲面的曲率半径，曲率半径越小，折射效果越明显，可以分配到大视角的能量范围就越多，从而提高侧视角的画质。当凸起结构201具有球形曲面且凸起结构201呈二维矩形阵列排列时，会在二维平面内发生折射，使光线发散至二维平面的各个角度，使各个视角都能呈现较好的画质。
本申请还公开一种显示装置，如图8所示，包括背光模组2以及置于背光模组2一侧的显示面板1，其中，显示面板1包含上述偏光结构。背光模组2设置为提供光源，光源板产生入射光，该入射光集中入射至显示面板1，入射光的发散角度与与垂直于显示面板1的方向呈小角度，该小角度θ可小于30°。显示面板1接收到的大部分光为垂直入射光，由于显示面板1内存 在第一光学补偿膜200和第二光学补偿膜300且第一光学补偿膜200形成有凸起结构201，在凸起结构201表面通过折射可以将垂直入射光进行偏转，从而将将正视角能量分配到侧视角，提高侧视角的画质。显示面板中的偏光板的结构已在上文介绍，此处不再赘述。其中，背光模组20中光源包括侧入式光源2A和与侧入式光源相对的导光板2B，导光板的上下表面均设有长条V型槽，导光板下表面V型槽的侧壁与侧入式光源平行，导光板上表面的V型槽的长度方向与下表面的V型槽的长度方向相互垂直。
在一实施例中，显示面板包括第一基板、第二基板、第一偏光板和第二偏光板，其中，第一基板具有入光侧和出光侧，第二基板位于第一基板的出光侧且与第一基板相对设置，第一偏光板形成于第一基板上背离第二基板的一侧，第二偏光板形成于第二基板上背离第一基板的一侧，，第一偏光板包含偏光结构，或者第二偏光板包含偏光结构，或者第一偏光板和第二偏光板均包含偏光结构，偏光结构已在上文详细介绍，在此不再赘述。
上述显示面板，光线依次经过第一偏光板、第一基板、第二基板和第二偏光板，最后显示画面。由于偏光板中包含偏光结构，在偏光结构处，光线会发生折射现象，使垂直入射光向侧视角偏转，将正视角能量分配到侧视角，提高侧视角的画质。
在一实施例中，如图9所示，显示面板可为液晶显示面板，该液晶显示面板包含第二偏光板10、第一偏光板30、支撑第二偏光板30的第二基板22、支撑第一偏光板10的第一基板21以及夹设在第一基板21和第二基板22中间的液晶23，其中，第一基板21、第二基板22和夹设在第一基板21和第二基板22中间的液晶23构成液晶层20。入射光经过第一偏光板30后变为线偏振光，液晶层20可扭转线偏振光的偏振方向，使线偏振光从第二偏光板10中通过，从而在显示面板上显示画面。
上述偏光结构可位于第一偏光板30中，也可位于第二偏光板10中。在一实施例中，如图10所示，当偏光结构位于第一偏光板30时，第一偏光板除包含上述偏光结构外，还包含贴合于偏光膜100入光面100A的第二支撑 膜500以及叠设于第二补偿膜上的第一压敏胶层400，第一偏光板30可通过第一压敏胶层400粘贴于第一基板21上，其中，第一光学补偿膜200可为第一单光轴A-补偿膜，第二光学补偿膜300可为第二单光轴A-补偿膜或单光轴C-补偿膜，在利用第一光学补偿膜200与第二光学补偿膜300的折射率不同而使垂直入射光线发生偏转的同时，第一光学补偿膜200与第二光学补偿膜300也构成双光轴相位补偿膜，可以对光线进行相位补偿，避免相位延迟对画质的影响。在另一实施例中，如图11所示，当偏光结构位于第二偏光板10中时，第二偏光板10除包含上述偏光结构外，还包含有在偏光膜100背离第一光学补偿膜200的一面叠设的相位补偿膜600与第二压敏胶层700，其中，相位补偿膜600位于第二压敏胶层700与偏光膜100之间。
在其他实施例中，显示面板也可以为有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode,OLED)显示面板、量子点发光二极管(Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes，QLED)显示面板或者曲面显示面板，以及包含上述偏光结构的其他显示面板。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种偏光结构，包括：
    偏光膜，所述偏光膜具有入光面和与所述入光面相对的出光面；
    第一光学补偿膜，设于所述偏光膜的所述出光面上，所述第一光学补偿膜具有第一折射率，所述第一光学补偿膜背离所述偏光膜的所述出光面的一面形成有凸起结构，所述凸起结构至少部分表面与所述入光面所形成的角度为锐角；
    第二光学补偿膜，贴合于所述第一光学补偿膜上具有所述凸起结构的一面，所述第二光学补偿膜具有第二折射率，所述第一折射率大于所述第二折射率。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的偏光结构，其中，所述凸起结构为长条形凸起结构且具有圆弧曲面，所述第一光学补偿膜形成有多个所述凸起结构且各所述长条形凸起结构并排设置。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的偏光结构，其中，所述凸起结构具有球型曲面，所述第一光学补偿膜形成有多个所述凸起结构且各所述凸起结构呈二维矩阵阵列排列。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的偏光结构，其中，所述曲面的半径小于或等于所述凸起结构高度的两倍。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的偏光结构，其中，所述曲面的半径小于或等于所述凸起结构高度的两倍。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的偏光结构，其中，所述第一光学补偿膜形成有多个所述凸起结构且相邻所述凸起结构的中心间距小于或等于10μm。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的偏光结构，其中，所述偏光膜具有穿透轴，所述第一光学补偿膜为第一单光轴A-补偿膜，所述第一单光轴A-补偿膜的光轴与所述穿透轴平行，所述第一折射率为所述第一A-补偿膜的反常折射率，所述第二光学补偿膜为单光轴C-补偿膜，所述单光轴C-补偿膜的光轴与所述穿透轴垂直，所述第二折射率为所述C-补偿膜的正常折射率。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的偏光结构，其中，所述偏光膜具有穿透轴，所述第一光学补偿膜为第一单光轴A-补偿膜，所第二光学补偿膜为第二单光轴A-补偿膜，所述第一单光轴A-补偿膜的光轴与所述穿透轴平行，所述第一折射率为所述第一单光轴A-补偿膜的反常折射率，所述第二单光轴A-补偿膜的光轴与所述穿透轴垂直，所述第二折射率为所述第二单光轴A-补偿膜的正常折射率。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的偏光结构，其中，所述第二光学补偿膜内掺杂有抗 炫功能的树酯颗粒。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的偏光结构，还包括：
    第一支撑膜，设于所述第一光学补偿膜与所述偏光膜之间。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的偏光结构，其中，所述第一支撑膜包括聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯支撑膜。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的偏光结构，其中，所述第一支撑膜包括聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯支撑膜。
  13. 如权利要求10所述的偏光结构，其中，所述第一支撑膜包括三醋酸纤维素支撑膜。
  14. 如权利要求1所述的偏光结构，其中，所述第一折射率大于1.0且小于2.5。
  15. 一种偏光结构，包括：
    偏光膜，所述偏光膜具有入光面和与所述入光面相对的出光面；
    第一光学补偿膜，设于所述偏光膜的所述出光面上，所述第一光学补偿膜具有第一折射率，所述第一光学补偿膜背离所述偏光膜的所述出光面的一面形成有凸起结构，所述凸起结构顶部具有球型曲面，所述曲面的半径小于或等于所述凸起结构高度的两倍，所述凸起结构呈二维矩阵阵列排列；以及
    第二光学补偿膜，贴合于所述第一光学补偿膜上具有所述凸起结构的一面，所述第二光学补偿膜具有第二折射率，所述第一折射率大于所述第二折射率。
  16. 一种显示装置，包括：
    背光模组，设置为提供光源；以及
    显示面板，置于所述背光模组一侧，设置为显示画面；
    其中，所述显示面板包括偏光结构，所述偏光结构包括：
    偏光膜，所述偏光膜具有入光面和与所述入光面相对的出光面；
    第一光学补偿膜，设于所述偏光膜的所述出光面上，所述第一光学补偿膜具有第一折射率，所述第一光学补偿膜背离所述偏光膜出光面的一面形成有凸起结构，所述凸起结构至少部分表面与所述入光面所形成的角度为锐角；以及
    第二光学补偿膜，贴合于所述第一光学补偿膜上具有所述凸起结构的一面，所述第二光学补偿膜具有第二折射率，所述第一折射率大于所述第二折射率。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示面板为液晶显示面板。
  18. 如权利要求16所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示面板包括：
    第一基板，所述第一基板具有入光侧和出光侧；
    第二基板，位于所述第一基板的出光侧且与所述第一基板相对设置；
    第一偏光板，形成于所述第一基板上背离所述第二基板的一侧，所述第一偏光板包含所述偏光结构；以及
    第二偏光板，形成于所述第二基板上背离所述第一基板的一侧。
  19. 如权利要求16所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示面板包括：
    第一基板，所述第一基板具有入光侧和出光侧；
    第二基板，位于所述第一基板的出光侧且与所述第一基板相对设置；
    第一偏光板，形成于所述第一基板上背离所述第二基板的一侧；以及
    第二偏光板，形成于所述第二基板上背离所述第一基板的一侧，所述第二偏光板包含所述偏光结构。
  20. 如权利要求16所述的显示装置，其中，所述显示面板包括：
    第一基板，所述第一基板具有入光侧和出光侧；
    第二基板，位于所述第一基板的出光侧且与所述第一基板相对设置；
    第一偏光板，形成于所述第一基板上背离所述第二基板的一侧，所述第一偏光板包含所述偏光结构；以及
    第二偏光板，形成于所述第二基板上背离所述第一基板的一侧，所述第二偏光板包含所述偏光结构。
PCT/CN2018/119265 2018-09-30 2018-12-05 偏光结构及显示装置 Ceased WO2020062562A1 (zh)

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