CN108203584B - 一种化合物及其液晶组合物和应用 - Google Patents
一种化合物及其液晶组合物和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108203584B CN108203584B CN201611169064.XA CN201611169064A CN108203584B CN 108203584 B CN108203584 B CN 108203584B CN 201611169064 A CN201611169064 A CN 201611169064A CN 108203584 B CN108203584 B CN 108203584B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- SQBRBRGNIQLEGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohexyl-3-propylphenol Chemical compound C(CC)C=1C(=C(C=CC1)O)C1CCCCC1 SQBRBRGNIQLEGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- DFLRARJQZRCCKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-methoxybutane Chemical compound COCCCCCl DFLRARJQZRCCKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCCC2=C1 CXWXQJXEFPUFDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 2, 3-difluoro-4- (4-methoxy-butoxy) -4 '- (4-propyl-cyclohexyl) -1, 1' -biphenyl Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 description 2
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydropyran Chemical compound C1CCOCC1 DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 2
- ZRKYSPHHOCYAFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 1-methylcyclohexane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC1(CCCCC1)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 ZRKYSPHHOCYAFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NKOJPXDBBLNBOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-cyclohexyl-3-propylphenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC(B(O)O)=C1C1CCCCC1 NKOJPXDBBLNBOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FCLSYAXUOPORKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-chloroethoxy)hexane Chemical compound CCCCCCOCCCl FCLSYAXUOPORKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LNPYGLMSXHRGEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorobutoxy)hexane Chemical compound CCCCCCOCCCCCl LNPYGLMSXHRGEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMANNJALMIGASX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-3-(3-chloropropoxy)propane Chemical compound ClCCCOCCCCl SMANNJALMIGASX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSTSPCRSYYOZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-6-methoxyhexane Chemical compound COCCCCCCCl DSTSPCRSYYOZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXJVMKIJWFFXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-difluoro-4-iodophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(I)C(F)=C1F IXJVMKIJWFFXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005449 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([*:2])C([H])=C(F)C([*:1])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZLUONXWQTFVCIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-difluoro-5-hexoxy-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)phenol Chemical compound C(CCCCC)OC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1)O)C=1C(=CC=CC=1)O)F)F ZLUONXWQTFVCIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWVXMYRZDOLLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-cyclohexyl-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-pentylphenol Chemical compound C(CCCC)C=1C(=C(C(=CC=1)O)C=1C(=CC=CC=1)O)C1CCCCC1 LWVXMYRZDOLLSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSMDINRNYYEDRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-iodophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(I)C=C1 VSMDINRNYYEDRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDPQTKNXRHMOIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-butyl-4-cyclohexyl-2,3-difluorophenol Chemical compound C(CCC)C=1C(=C(C(=C(C=1)O)F)F)C1CCCCC1 GDPQTKNXRHMOIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNSMNVMLTJELDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether Chemical compound ClCCOCCCl ZNSMNVMLTJELDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclobutane Chemical compound C1CCC1 PMPVIKIVABFJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopropane Chemical compound C1CC1 LVZWSLJZHVFIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003098 cholesteric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXCKCCRKGXHOBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptane Chemical compound [CH]1CCCCCC1 HXCKCCRKGXHOBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003454 indenyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005268 rod-like liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
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- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3066—Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers
- C09K19/3068—Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/34—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring
- C09K19/3402—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom
- C09K19/3405—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least one heterocyclic ring having oxygen as hetero atom the heterocyclic ring being a five-membered ring
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
- C09K2019/121—Compounds containing phenylene-1,4-diyl (-Ph-)
- C09K2019/122—Ph-Ph
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- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
- C09K19/12—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls
- C09K2019/121—Compounds containing phenylene-1,4-diyl (-Ph-)
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- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
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- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
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- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
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- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3003—Compounds containing at least two rings in which the different rings are directly linked (covalent bond)
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- C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
- C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
- C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
- C09K19/3066—Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers
- C09K19/3068—Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
- C09K2019/308—Cy-Cy-COO-Ph-Ph
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种化合物,包含至少一个环状结构以及通式Ⅰ所示的基团键接。本发明还公开了包括本发明的化合物的液晶组合物,以及包含所述液晶组合物的的光电显示器件。本发明提供的化合物化学性、物理性均稳定,具有较好的低温存储性,同时具有适当大小的介电各向异性和折射率各向异性。将其应用于液晶产品中时,可以明显提高产品的透过率,并且在此基础上响应速度也有明显提升。此外,本发明提供的化合物与其他液晶化合物的相容性良好,具有广泛应用性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于液晶材料领域,具体涉及到一种化合物及其液晶组合物和应用。
背景技术
使用液晶组合物的液晶显示元件被广泛用于钟表、计算器、文字处理器等的显示器中。这些液晶显示元件是利用液晶化合物的折射率各向异性、介电各向异性等。液晶显示元件中的运作模式已知的主要分为PC(phase change,相变)、TN(twist nematic,扭曲向列)、STN(super twisted nematic,超扭曲向列)、ECB(electrically controlledbirefringence,电控双折射)、OCB(optically compensated bend,光学补偿弯曲)、IPS(in-plane switching,共面转变)、VA(vertical alignment,垂直配向)等类型。近年来,亦盛行研究对光学各向同性液晶相施加电场而使其表现出电致双折射的模式。
基于元件的驱动方式的分类主要分为被动矩阵(passive matrix,PM)和主动矩阵(active matrix,AM)。被动矩阵又分类为静态(static)与多工(multiplex)等,主动矩阵分类为薄膜电晶体(thin filmtransistor,TFT)、金属-绝缘体-金属(metal insulatormetal,MIM)等。
这些液晶显示元件包含具有适当物性的液晶组合物。作为液晶组合物的成分的液晶化合物所必须的一般物性如下所述。
(1)化学性稳定以及物理性稳定;
(2)具有高透明点(液晶相-各向同性相的相转移温度);
(3)液晶相(向列相、胆固醇相、层列相、蓝相等光学各向同性液晶相等)的下限温度低;
(4)与其他液晶化合物的相容性优异;
(5)具有适当大小的介电各向异性;
(6)具有适当大小的折射率各向异性。
包含如(1)所述化学性、物理性稳定的液晶化合物的液晶组合物用于液晶显示元件,则可提高电压保持率。另外,若为包含如(2)和(3)所述具有高透明点或液晶相的低下限温度的液晶化合物的液晶组合物,则可扩大向列相或光学各向同性液晶相的温度范围,可在广泛的温度范围内用作显示元件。液晶化合物为了表现出单一的化合物所难以发挥的特性,通常作为与其他很多液晶化合物混合而制备的液晶组合物来使用。因此,液晶显示元件所使用的液晶化合物最好如(4)所述与其他液晶化合物等的相容性良好。近年来,尤其要求显示性能,例如对比度、显示容量、响应时间特性等更高的液晶显示元件。进而对所使用的液晶材料要求驱动电压低的液晶组合物。另外,为了以低电压来驱动以光学各向同性液晶相所驱动的光元件,最好使用介电各向异性及折射率各向异性大的液晶化合物。
在液晶产品上显示图像时,通过施加不同的电压,可以控制液晶分子旋转的角度,进而改变光线的穿透量来获得不同的灰阶。如,常白模式的液晶面板,在液晶上没有施加电压时,棒状液晶分子会以近似于平躺的姿态排列,此时光线穿过上下偏振片最多,液晶面板呈现出亮态;在液晶上施加到一定电压使得液晶垂直站立时,光线几乎不能通过,此时液晶面板呈现为暗态。而当需要显示每个中间灰阶时,只需在液晶上施加对应电压即可。
在上述向液晶施加电压的过程中,如果所施加的电压固定不变,液晶分子的特性会受到破坏,即使将电压取消,液晶也无法再随电场的变化而转动,从而也无法呈现出不同的灰阶。因而,液晶面板的显示电压会有正负极性,从而改变施加在液晶上的电压。如,当液晶面板的显示电压高于公共电极电压时,显示电压为正极性;反之,当液晶面板的显示电压低于公共电极电压时,显示电压为负极性。不管显示电压为正极性还是负极性,当所述显示电压与公共电极电压的压差绝对值相同时,所呈现出的灰阶也是一样的。
从上述液晶面板的显示过程可以看出,显示灰阶与光线的透过率是相关的。因而,通过测量液晶面板的透过率曲线,可以进行液晶面板进行电压设定,从而控制各个灰阶的显示,得出符合人的感官的影像图形。
传统的液晶显示器常常会由于驱动方式以及液晶分子特性的差异,而出现透过率低、阈值电压大(~2.92V),响应时间慢等问题,进而会造成驱动困难和图像拖影等现象,因而急需提供一种透过率高且响应迅速的液晶材料。
发明内容
发明目的:针对现有技术的缺陷,本发明的目的在于提供一种具有高的透过率并响应迅速的化合物及其液晶组合物,以及包含所述液晶组合物的液晶显示元件。
本发明的技术方案:
本发明一方面提供一种化合物,包含至少一个环状结构以及通式Ⅰ所示的基团,
其中,
R表示碳原子数为1-12的烷基或卤代烷基,其中所述烷基或卤代烷基中的一个或多个-CH2-可以以氧原子不直接相连的方式各自独立地被-O-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代;
n表示1-12的整数。
优选地,所述至少一个环状结构与所述通式Ⅰ所示的基团以“C-O”单键的形式相连,
其中,R表示碳原子数为1-12的直链烷基或卤代直链烷基,其中所述直链烷基或卤代直链烷基中的一个或多个不相邻的-CH2-可以以氧原子不直接相连的方式被-O-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代。
再优选地,所述环状结构的环骨架中原子个数为3-12。
进一步优选地,本发明的化合物具有通式Ⅱ的结构,
其中,
A1,A2,A3和A4各自独立地表示环骨架中原子个数为3-12的环状结构,且所述环状结构上的一个或多个H可被卤素或烷基取代;
R’表示H、卤素、氰基、碳原子数为1-15的卤代或未被卤代的烷基,所述碳原子数为1-15的卤代或未被卤代的烷基中的一个或多个不相邻的-CH2-可以各自独立地被-O-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代;
Z1、Z2和Z3各自独立地表示单键、-CH2CH2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF=CF-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CF2CH2-、-CH2CF2-、-(CH2)4-、-CF2CF2-、-OCH2CH2CH2-、-CH2OCH2CH2-、-CH2CH2OCH2-、-CH2CH2CH2O-、-OCH2CH2O-、-CH2OCH2O-或-OCH2OCH2-;
a,b和c各自独立地表示0、1、2、3或4。
进一步优选地,n表示4-10的整数。
进一步优选地,所述A1,A2,A3和A4各自独立地选自由苯环、环己烷、萘环、茚环、四氢化萘、十氢化萘、氧杂环己烷、环丙烷、环丁烷、环戊烷、环庚烷、双环[2,2,2]辛烷组成的组;
其中,
上述环状结构还可以符合以下条件a和b中的至少一个:
a、所述环状结构中的一个或多个H可以被卤素或烷基取代;
b、所述环状结构中的一个或多个-CH2-可以以氧原子不直接相连的方式被-O-、-CO-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代。
进一步优选地,所述A1,A2,A3和A4各自独立地选自由苯环、环己烷、萘环、四氢化萘、氧杂环己烷组成的组,且上述环状结构还可以符合条件a和b中的至少一个。
进一步优选地,本发明的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
其中,
R1表示H、卤素、氰基、碳原子数为1-15的卤代或未被卤代的烷基,所述碳原子数为1-15的卤代或未被卤代的烷基中的一个或多个不相邻的-CH2-可以各自独立地被-O-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、-CO-O-或-O-CO-替代;
Za1、Za2和Za3各自独立地表示单键、-CH2CH2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF2CF2-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-COO-、-OCO-或-CH=CH-;
通式Ⅱa和Ⅱb中,n表示2-10的整数;
通式Ⅱc中,n表示4-10的整数。
进一步优选地,本发明的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
其中,
Zb1、Zb2和Zb3各自独立地表示单键、-CH2CH2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-;
L1和L2各自独立的表示H或F。
进一步优选地,所述通式Ⅱaa的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
所述通式Ⅱbb的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
所述通式Ⅱcc的化合物选自由如下化合物组成的组:
进一步优选地,n为4、6、8或10。
进一步优选地,所述R1和R各自独立地表示卤代或未被卤代的碳原子数为1~12的烷基或烷氧基。
需要说明的是,仅对上述化合物作简单的链的长短的改变也属于本发明化合物保护的范围。
本发明的另一方面还提供了一种液晶组合物,所述液晶组合物包含至少一种上述化合物。
本发明再一方面还提供一种包含上述液晶组合物的光电显示器件。
有益效果:
本发明提供的化合物化学性、物理性均稳定,具有较好的低温存储性,同时具有适当大小的介电各向异性和折射率各向异性。将其应用于液晶产品中时,可以明显提高产品的透过率,并且在此基础上响应速度也有明显提升。此外,本发明提供的化合物与其他液晶化合物的相容性良好,具有广泛应用性。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施方案来说明本发明。需要说明的是,下面的实施例为本发明的示例,仅用来说明本发明,而不用来限制本发明。在不偏离本发明主旨或范围的情况下,可进行本发明构思内的其他组合和各种改良。
为便于表达,以下各实施例中,液晶组合物的基团结构用表1所列的代码表示:
表1液晶化合物的基团结构代码
以如下结构式的化合物为例:
该结构式如用表1所列代码表示,则可表达为:nCCGF,代码中的n表示左端烷基的C原子数,例如n为“3”,即表示该烷基为-C3H7;代码中的C代表环己烷基,G代表2-氟-1,4-亚苯基,F代表氟。
以下实施例中测试项目的简写代号如下:
Cp(℃) 清亮点(向列-各向同性相转变温度)
Δn 折射率各向异性(589nm,25℃)
Δε 介电各向异性(1KHz,25℃)
T(%) 透过率(DMS-505,盒厚5.2μm)
t(ms) 响应时间(DMS-505,25±0.5℃)
其中,折射率各向异性使用阿贝折光仪在钠光灯(589nm)光源下、25℃测试得;
Δε=ε‖-ε⊥,其中,ε‖为平行于分子轴的介电常数,ε⊥为垂直于分子轴的介电常数,测试条件:25℃、1KHz、测试盒为TN90型,盒厚7μm。
透过率的测试条件:利用DMS 505测试调光器件的透过率,所述调光器件盒厚5.2μm。
响应时间,测试条件为:25±0.5℃,测试盒5.2μm IPS测试盒,测试仪器为DMS-505。
以下实施例中,所使用的化合物单体及相关试剂均可从市场购得。
实施例1
化合物1-(4-甲氧基-丁氧基)-4-(4-丙基-环己基)苯基(No.2(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3),注:编号见下表2,下同)的合成路线如下:
其具体制备过程如下:
500ml三口瓶中,加入2.18g丙基环己基苯酚,100ml无水二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),2.76g无水碳酸钾,0.15g碘化钾,1.4g 4-氯丁基甲醚,90℃搅拌6h,反应完毕后,后处理,经柱层析提纯,得到2.5g白色固体,化合物No.2(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3),GC>99%,收率:91%。
MS:55(11%)87(100%)107(8.9%)120(10%)133(7.8%)。
实施例2
化合物2,3-二氟-4-(4-甲氧基-丁氧基)-4’-(4-丙基-环己基)-1,1’-联苯基(No.66(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3))的合成路线如下:
其具体制备过程如下:
1、化合物M4的合成
500ml三口瓶中,加入5.1g 4-碘-2,3-二氟苯酚,150ml无水二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),5.5g无水碳酸钾,0.3g碘化钾,2.8g 4-氯丁基甲醚,90℃搅拌6h,反应完毕后,后处理,经柱层析提纯,得到6.6g白色固体,化合物M4,GC>97%,收率:97%。
2、化合物No.66(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3)的合成
500ml三口瓶中,加入3.4g化合物M4,2.5g丙基环己基苯硼酸,80ml甲苯,40ml乙醇,40ml水,4.2g无水碳酸钠,氮气保护下,加入0.1g四(三苯基膦)钯,加热搅拌回流6h,反应完毕后,后处理,柱层析提纯,得到3.1g白色固体,化合物No.66(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3),GC>99%,收率:75%。
MS:55(11%)87(100%)219(4.4%)232(5.6%)245(3.3%)416(1.7%)。
实施例3
化合物2’,3’-二氟-4-(4-甲氧基-丁氧基)-4”-丙基-1,1’,4’,1”-三联苯基(No.76(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3))的合成路线如下:
其具体制备过程如下:
1、化合物M7的合成
500ml三口瓶中,加入4.4g 4-碘苯酚,150ml无水二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),5.5g无水碳酸钾,0.3g碘化钾,2.8g 4-氯丁基甲醚,90℃搅拌6h,反应完毕后,后处理,经柱层析提纯,得到5.7g白色固体,化合物M7,GC>97%,收率:93%。
2、化合物No.76(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3)的合成
500ml三口瓶中,加入3.1g化合物M7,2.8g丙基二氟联苯硼酸,80ml甲苯,40ml乙醇,40ml水,4.2g无水碳酸钠,氮气保护下,加入0.1g四(三苯基膦)钯,加热搅拌回流6h,反应完毕后,后处理,柱层析提纯,得到3.4g白色固体,化合物No.76(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3),GC>99%,收率:83%。
MS:55(7.8%)87(100%)302(7.8%)331(23.4%)359(4.7%)446(3.1%)。
实施例4
化合物4’-[(己氧基)丁氧基]-(1,1-联苯基)-4-基-4-甲基-[1,1-二(环己基)]-4-羧酸(No.116(R1=-CH3,R=-C6H13))的合成路线如下:
其具体制备过程如下:
1、化合物M11的合成
500ml三口瓶中,加入3.7g对苯二酚,150ml无水二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),5.5g无水碳酸钾,0.3g碘化钾,3.8g 4-氯丁基己醚,90℃搅拌6h,反应完毕后,后处理,经柱层析提纯,得到1.3g白色固体,化合物M11,GC>97%,收率:19%。
2、化合物No.116(R1=-CH3,R=-C6H13)的合成
250ml三口瓶中,加入1.3g化合物M11,0.85g甲基双环己基甲酸,5mg 4-二甲氨基吡啶,100ml二氯甲烷,降温至0℃,滴加1.5g N,N'-二环己基碳酰亚胺(DCC)和10ml二氯甲烷组成的溶液,滴加完毕后,室温搅拌12h,后处理,经柱层析提纯,得到1.7g白色固体,化合物No.116(R1=-CH3,R=-C6H13),GC>99%,收率:82%。
MS:55(11%)87(100%)186(31.6%)307(16.3%)。
实施例5
参考实施例1~4的化合物的合成方法,在上述反应中简单替换化合物M1~M12,可以分别制备如下表2所示的化合物No.1至No.119。
例如:
将丙基环己基苯酚M1替换成乙基连苯酚,同时将4-氯丁基甲醚M2替换成2-氯乙基己醚,即可制备得到化合物No.6(R1=-C2H5,R=-C6H13);
将丙基环己基苯酚M1替换成丙基连苯酚,即可制备得到化合物No.7(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3);
将丙基环己基苯酚M1替换成乙氧基联苯酚,同时将4-氯丁基甲醚M2替换成6-氯己基甲醚,即可制备得到化合物No.8(R1=-OC2H5,R=-CH3);
将丙基环己基苯酚M1替换成丁基环己基二氟苯酚,即可制备得到化合物No.12(R1=-C4H9,R=-CH3);
将丙基环己基苯酚M1替换成己氧基二氟联苯酚,即可制备得到化合物No.17(R1=-OC6H13,R=-CH3);
将丙基环己基苯酚M1替换成丙基环己基亚甲氧基二氟苯酚,即可制备得到化合物No.27(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3);
将丙基环己基苯酚M1替换成乙基双环环己基苯酚,同时将4-氯丁基甲醚M2替换成2-氯乙基乙醚,即可制备得到化合物No.36(R1=-C2H5,R=-C2H5);
将丙基环己基苯酚M1替换成戊基环己基联苯酚,同时将4-氯丁基甲醚M2替换成3-氯丙基乙醚,即可制备得到化合物No.43(R1=-C5H11,R=-C2H5);
将丙基环己基苯酚M1替换成甲基双环己基亚甲氧基二氟苯酚,即可制备得到化合物No.81(R1=-CH3,R=-CH3)。
表2.化合物No.1至No.119结构式
应用对比例1
按表3中所列的各化合物及重量百分数配制成混合物M,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表3所示:
表3.液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
应用实施例1
以化合物No.2(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3)替代混合物M中的3CPO2,各组分含量不变,得到混合物M1,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表4所示:
表4.液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
应用实施例2
以化合物No.12(R1=-C4H9,R=-CH3)替代混合物M中的3CWO4,各组分含量不变,得到混合物M2,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表5所示:
表5.液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
应用实施例3
以化合物No.66(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3)替代混合物M中的3CPWO2,各组分含量不变,得到混合物M3,其填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表6所示:
表6.液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
应用实施例4
以混合物M为母体液晶(host),分别将化合物No.7(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3)、No.8(R1=-OC2H5,R=-CH3)、No.17(R1=-OC6H13,R=-CH3)、No.76(R1=-C3H7,R=-CH3)与host按重量比10%:90%的比例混合,得到混合物M4、M5、M6及M7,分别填充于液晶显示器两基板之间进行性能测试,测试数据如下表7所示:
表7.液晶组合物配方及其测试性能
| 混合物 | T(%) | t(ms) |
| M4 | 13.7 | 44 |
| M5 | 14.3 | 45.2 |
| M6 | 13.7 | 45.7 |
| M7 | 14.1 | 48.6 |
将上述应用对比例1与应用实施例1~4对比可知,本发明提供的化合物应用于液晶组合物中时,可以明显提高产品的透过率,并且在此基础上响应速度也有明显提升。此外,本发明提供的化合物与其他液晶化合物的相容性良好,具有广泛应用性。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上,然而并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (6)
4.根据权利要求3所述的化合物,其特征在于,n为4、6、8或10。
5.一种包含权利要求1~4中任一项所述化合物的液晶组合物。
6.一种包含权利要求5所述液晶组合物的光电显示器件。
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