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CN107921859A - 评估用于确定混合动力车辆驱动系中的混合分离离合器的接触点的扭矩曲线的可信度的方法 - Google Patents

评估用于确定混合动力车辆驱动系中的混合分离离合器的接触点的扭矩曲线的可信度的方法 Download PDF

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CN107921859A
CN107921859A CN201680049152.8A CN201680049152A CN107921859A CN 107921859 A CN107921859 A CN 107921859A CN 201680049152 A CN201680049152 A CN 201680049152A CN 107921859 A CN107921859 A CN 107921859A
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torque
starter generator
electric motor
belt starter
torque curve
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CN107921859B (zh
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埃哈德·侯德路思
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D48/00—External control of clutches
    • F16D48/06—Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
    • B60W2050/0062—Adapting control system settings
    • B60W2050/0075—Automatic parameter input, automatic initialising or calibrating means
    • B60W2050/0083—Setting, resetting, calibration
    • B60W2050/0088—Adaptive recalibration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/10—System to be controlled
    • F16D2500/104—Clutch
    • F16D2500/10406—Clutch position
    • F16D2500/10412—Transmission line of a vehicle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/10—System to be controlled
    • F16D2500/106—Engine
    • F16D2500/1066—Hybrid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/30—Signal inputs
    • F16D2500/304—Signal inputs from the clutch
    • F16D2500/3042—Signal inputs from the clutch from the output shaft
    • F16D2500/30421—Torque of the output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/30—Signal inputs
    • F16D2500/306—Signal inputs from the engine
    • F16D2500/3065—Torque of the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/30—Signal inputs
    • F16D2500/306—Signal inputs from the engine
    • F16D2500/3067—Speed of the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/50—Problem to be solved by the control system
    • F16D2500/501—Relating the actuator
    • F16D2500/5018—Calibration or recalibration of the actuator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/50—Problem to be solved by the control system
    • F16D2500/502—Relating the clutch
    • F16D2500/50236—Adaptations of the clutch characteristics, e.g. curve clutch capacity torque - clutch actuator displacement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/50—Problem to be solved by the control system
    • F16D2500/502—Relating the clutch
    • F16D2500/50245—Calibration or recalibration of the clutch touch-point
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/50—Problem to be solved by the control system
    • F16D2500/502—Relating the clutch
    • F16D2500/50245—Calibration or recalibration of the clutch touch-point
    • F16D2500/50266—Way of detection
    • F16D2500/50281—Transmitted torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2500/00—External control of clutches by electric or electronic means
    • F16D2500/70—Details about the implementation of the control system
    • F16D2500/706—Strategy of control
    • F16D2500/70605—Adaptive correction; Modifying control system parameters, e.g. gains, constants, look-up tables
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于评估用于确定混合动力车辆的驱动系中的混合分离离合器的接触点的扭矩曲线的可信度的方法，其中，电动机(3)在驱动系(1)中借助混合分离离合器(4)与内燃机(2)能够连接，并且当混合分离离合器(4)从断开状态到接合状态以便适配接触点时，评估用于牵引停止的内燃机(2)的皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩曲线的可信度。在一种能特别准确地评估皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩曲线的可信度的方法中，借助电动机(3)的扭矩曲线评估皮带起动发电机的用于接触点适配的扭矩曲线的可信度。

Description

评估用于确定混合动力车辆驱动系中的混合分离离合器的接 触点的扭矩曲线的可信度的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于评估用于确定混合动力车辆的驱动系中的混合分离离合器的接触点的扭矩曲线的可信度的方法，其中，电驱动装置在驱动系中借助混合分离离合器与内燃机能够连接，并且当混合分离离合器从断开状态移动到接合状态以便适配接触点时，评估用于拖动停止的内燃机的皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线的可信度。
背景技术
由DE 10 2008 030 473 A1已知一种用于在混合动力驱动系中的自动离合器的确定接触点的方法，其中，是在内燃机停止时进行确定离合器的接触点，其方法是，缓慢地接合离合器并且评估接合离合器对以预定转速转动的电机的影响。
因此，确定接触点的策略包括在观察扭矩信号的情况下缓慢接合离合器。起动内燃机的皮带起动发电机的特别的动力总成配置和包括电机的混合动力离合器还使得皮带起动发电机能够用作用于适配接触点的力矩源，电机用于推进在混合分离离合器的从动侧以及在后面的变速器，例如由DE 10 2014 207 720 A1已知。在这种情况下，在接合分离离合器时，内燃机的起动通过皮带起动发电机执行。
然而不利的是，皮带起动发电机的皮带传动装置具有一定的弹性，这使得在相关部件间的振动形成的波动中断皮带起动发电机的扭矩。皮带起动发电机的系统性的由于较高的转速而更精确的扭矩由此能够因为根据驾驶情况偶尔地并且以不同形式产生的振动被误定。误定的扭矩能够导致有误的接触点适配。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种用于评估皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线的可信度的方法，其中，振动在皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线中的影响能够在适配接触点期间被检测到。
根据本发明，该技术问题通过借助电动机的扭矩曲线评估皮带起动发电机的用于适配接触点的扭矩曲线的可信度来解决。因为电动机与混合分离离合器相连接，所以在接合离合器时电动机同样会获知力矩变化。因此，能够用电动机的扭矩曲线来补偿皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线，由此通过皮带起动发电机来保证接触点适配。为了进一步观察，将力矩信号通过皮带传动比转换成分离离合器上的力矩。
有利地，在混合动力车辆的纯电行驶期间进行可信度评估，其中，当皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线和电动机的扭矩曲线大致同步延伸时，得到正确的接触点适配。如果是这种情况，那么能够假定皮带起动发电机完全不产生振动，因此不存在影响接触点适配的力矩波动。
在一种设计方案中，当电动机转速受控地转动并且皮带起动发电机被动地转速受控地牵引内燃机时，通过电动机的扭矩曲线对皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线进行可信度评估。由于电动机和皮带起动发电机均以预定转速运转，因此能够容易地检测达到混合分离离合器的接触点时的力矩变化。但是，必须注意的是，当内燃机被皮带起动发电机牵引时，内燃机仍然是被动的，并且没有自己进行点火。
在一种改进方案中，为进行接触点适配，将离合器理论力矩施加到混合分离离合器，并且在扭矩变化方面对转动的皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线和转动的电动机的扭矩曲线进行比较。只有当皮带起动发电机和电动机大致同时在其扭矩曲线上出现扭矩变化时，才能够假定混合分离离合器已经达到接触点并且开始传递的离合器力矩。如果仅在皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线中出现显着的扭矩变化，则能够得出皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线由于振动而已经失真的结论。
在一种变形方案种中，皮带起动发电机和电动机的偏移量被相互独立地确定，其中通过所确定的相应的偏移量来校正各扭矩曲线。在这种修正之后，能够假定皮带起动发电机和电动机的扭矩曲线的绝对值具有相似的分布。
为了能够充分比较皮带起动发电机的扭矩和电动机的扭矩，在偏移量修正后皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线与电动机的扭矩曲线相匹配。
在一种实施方式中，当皮带起动发电机的扭矩的绝对值小于电动机的扭矩的绝对值时，皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线与电动机的扭矩曲线相匹配。通过这种动态的补偿，从皮带起动发电机的扭矩中减去了偏移量。
在一种备选方案中，当皮带起动发电机的扭矩的绝对值大于电动机的扭矩的绝对值时，皮带起动发电机的扭矩曲线与电动机的扭矩曲线相匹配。在这种情况下，将特定的偏移量动态地施加到皮带起动发电机的扭矩上。
在一种改进方案中，当混合分离离合器下游的驱动系被断开时，进行可信度评估。由此确保通过混合动力车辆的下游的驱动系的扭矩效果不会反向作用到混合分离离合器，因此能够在皮带起动发电机和电动机的扭转曲线之间足够准确地评估可信度。
在一种设计方案中，当可信度评估有误，接触点适配通过线性加权完成，优选通过皮带起动发电机的扭矩和电动机的扭矩的平均值完成。由此，还能在这种情况下确定混合分离离合器的开始传递离合器力矩的位置。这个位置另外被称为接触点。
附图说明
本发明具有大量的实施方式。结合在附图中所示的图示详细阐述其中一个实施方式。
附图是：
图1是具有皮带起动发电机的混合动力驱动的原理图。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出了混合动力车辆的驱动系1的原理图。驱动系1包括内燃机2和电动机3。在内燃机2和电动机3之间将混合分离离合器4直接或紧邻地安置在内燃机2后面。内燃机2和混合分离离合器4通过曲轴5彼此相连。电动机3具有能够转动的转子6和固定的定子7。混合分离离合器4的从动轴8与变速器9连接，该变速器包括未进一步示出的、被安置在电动机3和变速器9之间连接件，例如，第二离合器或扭矩转换器。变速器9将由内燃机2和/或电动机3产生的扭矩传递到混合动力车辆的驱动轮10。
接合在内燃机2和电动机3之间安置的混合分离离合器4，以便在混合动力车辆行驶时借助由电动机3产生的扭矩起动内燃机2，或者在助力操作时借助驱动的内燃机2和电动机3行驶。在目前的情况下，内燃机2通过定位在内燃机上的皮带起动发电机11起动。
为了确保在起动内燃机2时提供充足的扭矩，该扭矩在不损失舒适性的情况下通过驱动轮10使机动车运动，并且同时还实际上起动内燃机2，所以需要准确了解混合分离离合器4的离合器特性曲线。该离合器特性曲线由支撑点调整，混合分离式离合器4的接触点在该支撑点上是至关重要的。为了驱动系的运行确定一次接触点，并且接触点在操作期间适应于变化的离合器特性，离合器特性由于诸如磨损、混合分离离合器4的再调整以及温度和老化过程的不同因素不是恒定的。接触点此外应指混合分离离合器4的位置，其中，混合分离离合器4的输入部分和/或输出部分的摩擦面产生摩擦式接触。
为适配接触点，在驱动系1的电气行驶模式中将混合分离离合器4从断开的状态缓慢移动到闭合的状态。同时，皮带起动发电机11以预定的恒定转速牵引被动的内燃机2。为了确定接触点，通过接合混合分离离合器4使得在混合分离离合器4上施加的离合器理论力矩急剧增加，直至在皮带起动发电机11上能检测到对应于离合器理论力矩的扭矩。在这种情况下，皮带起动发电机11处于转速受控的运行状态，即处于稳定的转速的情况中。为确定接触点，因此将混合分离离合器4接合，直到混合分离离合器4的输入部分和输出部分的摩擦接合面形成摩擦式接触并且将最小扭矩传递到皮带起动发电机11上，由皮带起动发电机11的相应的反应来检测该扭矩。该相应的反应是指，在皮带起动发电机11的扭矩曲线中出现限定的扭矩增量。
由于皮带起动发电机11具有被设计为弹性的皮带传动装置，因此能够产生扭矩波动，这是因为由于弹性地设计皮带传动装置能够在驱动系1的相关部件中产生振动。该振动导致扭矩变化的程度类似于通过适配接触点产生的扭矩变化。为了能够可靠地将扭矩变化对应到接触点适配，平行于皮带起动发电机11的扭矩曲线地观察在运行中的电动机3的扭矩曲线，以便评估可信度。此外，当通过混合分离离合器4到达接触点时，在电动机3的扭矩曲线中观察到扭矩增量。通过比较皮带起动发电机11和电动机3的扭矩曲线，使得通过皮带起动发电机11进行的接触点适配的可信度有所提升，其中该比较是在电动机3转速受控地转动并且皮带起动发电机11同样转速受控地被动地牵引内燃机2时进行。在这个比较中，必须考虑到内燃机2比电动机3转动得更快。
然而，在比较皮带起动发电机11和电动机3的扭矩曲线之前必须确保皮带起动发电机11的扭矩曲线和电动机3的扭矩曲线均经过偏移量校正。因此，分别针对皮带起动发电机11和电动机3确定相应的偏移量，并且皮带起动发电机11的扭矩曲线和电动机3的扭矩曲线由相应的偏移量修正。修正后的扭矩曲线则应该具有相似的分布。
有两种情况，其中皮带起动发电机11的扭矩曲线能够与电动机3的扭矩曲线相匹配。在第一种情况下，皮带起动发电机11的扭矩的绝对值小于电动机3的扭矩的绝对值。那么皮带起动发电机11的扭矩能够随着电动机3的扭矩有所增大，其方法是将皮带起动发电机11的偏移量增加在皮带起动发电机11的扭矩中。
然而，如果皮带起动发电机11的扭矩的绝对值大于电动机3的扭矩的绝对值，那么皮带起动发电机11的扭矩能随着电动机3的扭矩有所减小，其方法是将皮带起动发电机11的偏移量从皮带起动发电机11的扭矩中减去。皮带起动发电机11的扭矩的调整仅缓慢地进行，并且仅在多次操作之后进行。也就是说，多次确定皮带起动发电机11的较小的扭矩。之后才能对皮带起动发电机11的扭矩进行控制。
然而在一种备选方案中，如果通过电动机3的扭矩曲线评估的皮带起动发电机11的扭矩曲线的可信度有误，则能够放弃接触点适配。
在一种另外的变形方案中，还能够对皮带起动发电机11的和电动机3的观察到的扭矩曲线进行线性加权，以便于进行接触点适配。在最简单的情况下，由两个扭矩的信号形成一个平均值，然后用这个平均值确定接触点。
只有当邻接在混合分离离合器4后面的驱动系1断开时才进行对用于接触点适配的扭矩曲线的可信度评估，从而混合分离离合器不会受到从下游驱动系传递来的影响。作为断开的驱动系1的备选方案，可信度评估还能在电动机3的滑动模式或牵引模式中进行。在这种情况下，必须确保力矩的增加或减少确实反映了经由混合分离离合器4的力矩流，而不是在驱动系1中的力矩流。这使得车辆在道路上缓速行驶时能够不需要增加燃料，在缓速行驶时，在具有低扭矩的恒定速度时适配接触点。
附图标记列表
1 驱动系
2 内燃机
3 电动机
4 混合分离离合器
5 曲轴
6 转子
7 定子
8 从动轴
9 变速器
10 驱动轮
11 皮带起动发电机

Claims (10)

1.一种用于评估扭矩曲线的可信度的方法，所述扭矩曲线用于确定在混合动力车辆的驱动系中的混合分离离合器的接触点，其中，电动机(3)在所述驱动系(1)中借助所述混合分离离合器(4)能够与内燃机(2)连接，并且当所述混合分离离合器(4)为了适配所述接触点从断开状态朝向接合状态运动时，评估用于牵引停止的内燃机(2)的皮带起动发电机(11)的用于适配所述接触点的扭矩曲线，其特征在于，借助所述电动机(3)的扭矩曲线评估所述皮带起动发电机(11)的用于适配所述接触点的扭矩曲线的可信度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述混合动力车辆的纯电行驶期间进行可信度评估，其中，当所述皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩曲线和所述电动机(3)的扭矩曲线大致同步延伸时，推断所述接触点的适配是正确的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述电动机(3)转速受控地转动并且所述皮带起动发电机(11)被动地转速受控地牵引所述内燃机(2)时，通过所述电动机(3)的扭矩曲线对所述皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩曲线进行可信度评估。
4.根据权利要求1，2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，为适配所述接触点，将离合器理论力矩施加到所述混合分离离合器(4)上，并且在扭矩变化方面对转动的皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩曲线和转动的电动机(3)的扭矩曲线进行比较。
5.根据上述权利要求中至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，相互独立地确定所述皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩的偏移量和所述电动机(3)的偏移量，其中，分别通过所确定的相应的偏移量修正相应的扭矩曲线。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩曲线在偏移量修正后与所述电动机(3)的扭矩曲线相匹配。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩的绝对值小于所述电动机(3)的扭矩的绝对值时，所述皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩曲线与所述电动机(11)的扭矩曲线相匹配。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩的绝对值大于所述电动机(3)的扭矩的绝对值时，所述皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩与所述电动机(11)的扭矩相匹配。
9.根据上述权利要求中至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当邻接所述混合分离离合器(4)后面的驱动系断开时，进行所述可信度评估。
10.根据上述权利要求中至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当可信度评估有误，所述接触点适配通过线性加权完成，优选通过所述皮带起动发电机(11)的扭矩和所述电动机(3)的扭矩的平均值完成。
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