A kind of renovation process of waste and old co surfer-resistant shift catalyst
The present invention relates to a kind of renovation process of waste and old sulfur-resistant transformation catalyst, specifically, the present invention relates to that a kind of to make waste and old Co-Mo be that the CO sulfur-resistant transformation catalyst recovers intensity and active method again.
At present, the waste and old Co-Mo of ton is the CO sulfur-resistant transformation catalyst surplus the annual approximately replacing 500 of China's fertilizer industry.These spent catalyst major parts are fallen as rubbish is processed.Like this, not only polluted environment, and, also caused the significant wastage of resource owing to bullion content height in the spent catalyst.
Be that the processing method of spent catalyst generally is cobalt and the molybdenum that reclaims wherein abroad to Co-Mo, as U.S. Pat 5,066,469 and US5, the method described in 013,533.China recycling Co-Mo is that the method for spent catalyst has following several: (1) reclaims cobalt and molybdenum wherein; (2) spent catalyst is sieved, remove particle and caking, continue in the stove of packing into then to use (seeing " Henan chemical industry " the 12nd phase in 1992); (3) regeneration of spent catalyst, as disclosed method among the open CN1128689A of Chinese patent, this method is carrier with the spent catalyst, soaks altogether with the solution of solubility cobalt salt, molybdenum salt and alkali metal compound, makes the product after the regeneration.The advantage of this method is to recover the activity of spent catalyst, but the insufficient strength ideal of regeneration rear catalyst is difficult to reach the requirement that industry is used.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method that waste and old Co-Mo is the CO sulfur-resistant transformation catalyst of handling, make the activity and the intensity of the spent catalyst after the regeneration all can reach and satisfy industrial requirement.
In the method for the invention, the first step is that spent catalyst is pulverized.The granularity of pulverizing the back spent catalyst can be in 80 orders~400 purpose scopes, and better particle size range is 100 orders~180 orders.Can earlier spent catalyst be carried out roasting before pulverizing, main purpose is to burn in original use or to make it dry attached to the pollutant on the spent catalyst; Certainly, carry out roasting after also can pulverizing.The advantage of pulverizing the back roasting is easier burn off pollutant, and shortcoming is than baking operation trouble before pulverizing.
Second step of the inventive method is to add the solid gum solvent in the spent catalyst after pulverizing to mix.The solid gum solvent can be selected aluminium hydroxide, iron hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide or boehmite for use, also can select in the above-claimed cpd two or more mixture for use, but boehmite or contain the said mixture of boehmite preferably.The solid gum solvent that adds is 0~10: 1 with the mass ratio of pulverizing back spent catalyst material, this means in the present invention and also can not add the solid peptizing agent, but add the intensity that the solid gum solvent can increase the regeneration rear catalyst, so preferably add the solid gum solvent.
The 3rd step of the inventive method is to add nitric acid in the mixture of gained to make the liquid glue solvent in second step, perhaps add the nitrate of alkali metal, alkaline-earth metal or transition metal or the aqueous solution of sulfate and make the liquid glue solvent, the aqueous solution that also can add two or more mixture in the sulfate of the nitrate of sulfate, transition metal of nitrate, the alkaline-earth metal of nitric acid, alkali-metal nitrate, alkali-metal sulfate, alkaline-earth metal or transition metal is made the liquid glue solvent.Add after the liquid glue solvent, mediate, moulding, then 400 ℃~700 ℃ following roastings.
The main purpose that adds the liquid glue solvent is further to improve the intensity of regeneration rear catalyst.
The better scope of sintering temperature is 450 ℃~650 ℃ after kneading, the moulding.
The 4th step of the inventive method is an activation processing, promptly with alkaline substance solution, Co-Mo active constituent solution or Co-Mo active constituent-alkali metal compound solution the material of the 3rd step gained is handled, then oven dry or roasting.
Used alkaline matter in the inventive method the 4th goes on foot, can be a kind of in the following material, also can be two or more mixture wherein: the hydroxide of ammonia, alkali-metal hydroxide, alkali-metal carbonate, alkaline-earth metal, the soluble carbon hydrochlorate of alkaline-earth metal.Used alkaline matter is two or more mixture of potassium hydroxide, NaOH, potash or sodium carbonate or its preferably.
Used Co-Mo active constituent is meant the soluble-salt of cobalt and molybdenum in the 4th step, as nitrate or acetate; Used Co-Mo active constituent-alkali metal compound is meant the soluble-salt and the alkali metal compound of cobalt and molybdenum, wherein alkali metal compound can be the compound of potassium and sodium, preferably two or more mixture of potassium hydroxide, NaOH, potash or sodium carbonate or its.
According to the present invention, the activation processing in the 4th step can only use a kind of method wherein to get final product, and promptly with a kind of solution in alkaline substance solution, Co-Mo active constituent solution or the Co-Mo active constituent-alkali metal compound solution material of the 3rd step gained is handled getting final product.But also can handle with Co-Mo active constituent solution after handling with alkaline substance solution, the purpose of doing like this is to improve the content of cobalt, molybdenum active constituent in the regeneration rear catalyst, with further increase activity of such catalysts again.In fact, only with alkaline substance solution the material of the 3rd step gained is handled, catalyst has just recovered activity.Soak with Co-Mo active constituent solution again, improved the active constituent content in the catalyst, activity also can increase certainly.
If handle with Co-Mo active constituent solution or Co-Mo active constituent-alkali metal compound solution in the 4th step, then cobalt that is added and molybdenum shared quality percentage composition in the regeneration rear catalyst is: CoO 0.1%~3%, MoO
31%~15%; The height of concrete content will be according to the situation decision of spent catalyst.
After the 4th step activation processing, the quality percentage composition of alkali in the regeneration rear catalyst is with M
2O (M is K or Na) counts 2%~15%, and better scope is 6%~12%.
Adopt method of the present invention, not only utilized waste and old sulfur-resistant transformation catalyst resource, reduced the pollution to environment, and the Catalyst Production after the regeneration is with low cost, properties of product are good, and its activity and intensity all are better than industrial catalyst C
25-02(see Table 1 and table 2).
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
With waste and old Co-Mo series catalysts roasting, be crushed to 180 orders, get material 400 grams after the pulverizing, add that 10% nitric acid is mediated, moulding, extrusion, and in 550 ℃ of roastings.Ammoniacal liquor with 18% and potassium hydroxide solution activation processing, the addition of potassium is with K
2O counts 8%, dries then, makes catalyst HSC-1.
Embodiment 2
With waste and old Co-Mo series catalysts roasting, be crushed to 120 orders, get material 200 grams after the pulverizing, add boehmite 40 grams, with 10% nitric acid mediate, moulding, extrusion, and in 500 ℃ of roastings.Ammoniacal liquor with 18% and potassium hydroxide solution activation processing, the addition of potassium is with K
2O counts 10%.Dry and/or roasting, make catalyst HSC-2.
Embodiment 3
With waste and old Co-Mo series catalysts roasting, be crushed to 120 orders, get material 200 grams after the pulverizing, add boehmite 20 grams, with 10% nitric acid mediate, moulding, extrusion and roasting.With Co-Mo active constituent-potassium hydroxide maceration extract dipping, oven dry or roasting make catalyst HSC-3, and its active constituent and alkali-metal addition (quality percentage composition) are respectively: CoO 0.2%, MoO
33%, K
2O 8%.
Embodiment 4
With waste and old Co-Mo series catalysts roasting, be crushed to 120 orders, get material 20 grams after the pulverizing, add boehmite 180 grams, with 10% nitric acid mediate, moulding, extrusion and roasting.With Co-Mo active constituent-potassium hydroxide maceration extract dipping, oven dry or roasting make catalyst HSC-4, and its active constituent and alkali-metal addition (quality percentage composition) are respectively: CoO 1.0%, MoO
35.5%, K
2O10%.The valence test of catalyst
Get 20 samples at random, on QCY-602 type strength tester, measure the radially crushing strength of catalyst, represent catalyst strength, the results are shown in Table 1 with unit length mean value.The poach experiment
Take by weighing a certain amount of catalyst and in boiling water, boiled 4 hours, measure the variation of intensity after the oven dry, investigate the catalyst intensity after hot-water soak and stability thereof under normal pressure, the results are shown in Table 2.The hydrothermal treatment consists experiment
On former granularity pressurization evaluating apparatus, be medium with nitrogen and water vapour, be that 5.0Mpa, temperature are that 500 ℃, air speed are 2000h at pressure
-1And water/gas is to handle 10 hours under 1.4 the condition.Measure the variation of oven dry back sample strength, relatively intensity and the stability thereof of catalyst after high pressure-temperature is handled the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 gained catalyst of the present invention and industrial catalyst C
25-02Intensity and stability
As can be seen from Table 1, utilizing the regenerating waste used Co-Mo of method of the present invention is sulfur-resistant transformation catalyst, and the intensity of gained catalyst and stability all are better than industrial catalyst C
25-02Activity rating
The condition of estimating is: catalyst loading amount 0.3 gram
Air speed 10000h
-1
Water/gas 1.0
265 ℃, 350 ℃, 450 ℃ of reaction temperatures
Unstripped gas is formed CO 45% (V/V)
CO
2 5%(V/V)
H
2S 2000 ppm
All the other are H
2
The catalyst of table 2 gained of the present invention and industrial catalyst C
25-02The active contrast of normal pressure intrinsic
| The title of catalyst | CO interconversion rate (%) |
| 265℃ | 350℃ | 450℃ |
| HSC-1 | 8.9 | 41.4 | 30.8 |
| HSC-2 | 8.4 | 38.6 | 32.6 |
| HSC-3 | 9.6 | 36.8 | 35.8 |
| HSC-4 | 8.8 | 41.5 | 31.4 |
| Industrial catalyst C
25-02 | 8.6 | 38.9 | 26.2 |