CN107289903A - Straight line bridge cantilever method Arched Bridge Construction Linear continuously measures monitoring system and monitoring method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a continuous measurement and monitoring system for the construction line shape of a straight bridge cantilever method, which includes a reflection target, an installation column and a laser distance measuring device; the invention also discloses a continuous monitoring method using the above monitoring system. The positions of the first reflective target and the third reflective target; the second step is to use the first laser rangefinder to measure the actual offset of the second reflective target, and the third step is to use the actual position of the second reflective target as a reference Check the horizontality and rotation angle of a laser distance measuring device; then use the second laser distance measuring device to measure the actual offset of the first reflective target and the third reflective target; stop during the walking process of the hanging basket and when it is in place , continuously monitor the offset of the hanging basket through the above steps. The invention has simple structure, is convenient for measurement and can realize continuous monitoring during the walking process of the hanging basket, and is suitable for cantilevered construction of most linear bridges.

Description

Continuous measurement and monitoring system and monitoring method for linear bridge cantilever method construction

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to a monitoring system and a monitoring method in the cantilever construction of straight-line bridges.

Background technique

The main work contents of cantilever construction with hanging basket include: pouring the starting beam section (block 0#) on the top of the pier, assembling the hanging basket on the starting beam section and segmenting the hanging beam section in turn; closing the side span and middle span. The bottom of the 0# block is supported by the pier column, which is the pier column of the 0# block.

When the cantilever pouring method is used for construction, the No. 0 block beam section at the top of the pier is cast in-situ by vertical formwork on the bracket. The construction bracket can be supported by the pier body, cap or the ground respectively according to the height of the pier body, the form of the cap and the terrain conditions, and a support bracket can be set up. The beam section on the top of the pier (the so-called zero block) or the beam section near the top of the pier is poured on the bracket. The construction hanging basket is assembled on the poured beam section.

The hanging basket is a load-bearing frame that can slide or roll along the top of the beam. It is anchored and suspended on the constructed beam section. On the hanging basket, the formwork, steel bars, and prestressed pipes of the next beam section can be installed, concrete pouring and Prestressed tensioning, grouting and other operations.

After completing a stage of circulation, the hanging basket can be moved forward and fixed to perform the next stage of cantilever perfusion, and so on until the cantilever perfusion is completed.

The hanging basket includes a plurality of uprights, tie rods, bottom longitudinal girders, guide rails and beams connected between the uprights along the transverse bridge direction (perpendicular to the bridge centerline). When pouring the concrete beam section, the hanging basket and the beam must be anchored at the end of the hanging basket. When the hanging basket is walking, due to factors such as self-weight, small deformation, anchoring, etc., the hanging basket will have a slight position shift in the up and down and left and right directions.

Since the alignment monitoring of the hanging basket construction includes the elevation and coordinate measurement of multiple steps such as the installation and removal of the hanging basket, concrete pouring of the cantilever section, and prestressed tendon tensioning, the measurement frequency is high, the data volume is large, and the measurement points are many; Some surveys require professionals, professional equipment, and surveys at a certain time point in a good construction environment. Due to the particularity of the survey, the labor intensity is heavy and the tasks are heavy, and it is impossible to do all-weather and full-time surveys. monitor. Construction experience shows that the higher the measurement frequency and the tighter the time period, the better the engineering quality and safety of the cantilever segment. The invention meets the requirement of all-weather and full-time measurement of the three-dimensional coordinates of the hanging basket and the cantilever construction section, and does not require professional personnel to measure. The equipment can automatically measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the reference control point, and construction personnel can move the first and third active reflection The target is to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the point to be measured to help the construction.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a straight line bridge cantilever method construction linear continuous measurement and monitoring system with simple structure, which is convenient for measurement and can realize continuous monitoring during the walking process of the hanging basket.

In order to achieve the above object, the linear bridge cantilever method construction linear continuous measurement and monitoring system of the present invention comprises a reflection target and an installation column fixedly connected on the 0# block, and the installation column is located at the side of the 0# block pier column in the bridge direction along the bridge Above: There are two installation columns at intervals along the transverse bridge direction, which are the first installation column and the second installation column, and the distance between the first installation column and the center line of the bridge is smaller than the second installation column;

The first installation column is provided with a first laser rangefinder, and the second installation column is provided with a second laser rangefinder; the first laser rangefinder and the second laser rangefinder are located on the same horizontal plane, and the second laser rangefinder The distance device is equipped with a rotating chassis;

There is at least one set of reflective targets, and a set of reflective targets includes 3, which are the first reflective target, the second reflective target and the third reflective target; the first reflective target is hung on the side column of the hanging basket of the block to be constructed The second reflective target is fixedly connected to the crossbeam of the hanging basket of the block to be constructed, and the center of the second reflective target is located on the vertical plane where the centerline of the bridge is located; the third reflective target is hung on the other side column of the hanging basket of the block to be constructed ;

The first reflective target, the second reflective target and the third reflective target are arranged in a zigzag shape, with the direction away from block 0# along the bridge direction as the forward direction, and the second reflective target is located at the front 1/3 position of the construction section , the first reflective target and the third reflective target are respectively located at ±0.5 meters along the midline of the bridge side web;

Both the first laser distance measuring device and the second laser distance measuring device are connected with an electric control device, and the electric control device is connected with an audible and visual alarm and a power supply.

A protective cover is connected to the first installation column and the second installation column.

The electric control device is a PLC or a single-chip microcomputer.

There is a set of reflective targets on the side-span hanging baskets and mid-span hanging baskets on both sides of block 0#.

The present invention also discloses a continuous monitoring method using the above-mentioned linear bridge cantilever method to construct the linear continuous measurement and monitoring system, which is followed in turn by the following steps:

In the initial state, the first reflective target, the second reflective target and the third reflective target are at the same height as the first laser distance measuring device and the second laser distance measuring device; the first reflective target is calculated according to the walking distance of the hanging basket and the slope of the bridge deck , the theoretical offsets of the second reflective target and the third reflective target in the horizontal and vertical directions;

The first step is to adjust the position of the first reflective target and the third reflective target by the staff, so that the adjusted position of the first reflective target and the third reflective target just reaches the elevation and axis position required by the construction design;

The second step is that the staff turns on the first laser distance measuring device to make it emit laser light to the second reflective target, measure the distance between the second reflective target and the first laser distance measuring device, and measure the three-dimensional coordinate position of the second reflective target When the actual offset of the three-dimensional coordinate position of the second reflective target deviates from the position required by the construction design by more than 0.05 meters, the electronic control device controls the sound and light alarm to send out an audible and visual alarm to remind the staff to correct the hanging The offset of the basket; in the above process, the electronic control device records the actual position of the second reflective target;

The third step is that the staff rotate the second laser distance measuring device to the position facing the second reflective target, operate the second laser distance measuring device to emit laser light to the second reflective target, and measure the distance between the second reflective target and the second laser The distance and horizontal elevation between the distance measuring devices, and the levelness and rotation angle of the first laser distance measuring device are checked based on the actual position of the second reflective target;

Then the staff rotates the second laser distance measuring device to the position facing the first reflective target, operates the second laser distance measuring device to emit laser light to the first reflective target, and measures the distance between the first reflective target and the second laser distance measuring device. and measure the actual offset of the first reflective target; when the first reflective target is placed near the point to be measured and the measured three-dimensional coordinate deviation is greater than 5 cm, the electronic control device controls the sound and light alarm Sound and light alarm to remind the staff to correct the offset of the hanging basket;

Finally, the staff rotates the second laser distance measuring device to the position facing the third reflective target, operates the third laser distance measuring device to emit laser light to the third reflective target, and measures the distance between the third reflective target and the second laser distance measuring device. and measure the actual offset of the third reflective target; when the third reflective target is placed near the point to be measured and the measured three-dimensional coordinate deviation is greater than 5 cm, the electronic control device controls the sound and light alarm to send out Sound and light alarm to remind the staff to correct the offset of the hanging basket;

During the walking process of the hanging basket and when the walking is in place and stops, the offset of the hanging basket is continuously monitored through the above steps.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a continuous monitoring method using the above monitoring system.

The present invention has following advantage:

The invention is simple in structure and easy to use, and overcomes the problem that in the past, professionals need to cooperate with professional equipment to carry out fixed-point measurement and cannot measure at any time. The offset of any position needs to be measured, and the first reflection target or the third reflection target can be measured. Where the target is set, the laser emitting device can automatically convert the three-dimensional coordinates of the construction requirements of the reflective target position according to the measurement distance, without manual measurement, and the measurement results are more accurate. In the past, the offset can only be detected when the hanging basket is stopped, and cannot be detected during the walking of the hanging basket. Using the monitoring system and method of the present invention, continuous detection can be carried out during the walking of the hanging basket. As long as the offset of one of the three reflection targets exceeds the range allowed by the design, the electronic control device can control the sound and light alarm. The device sends out an alarm to remind the staff to correct the deviation of the hanging basket in time.

Using the present invention can continuously measure the three-dimensional coordinates of any point of the construction position all-weather and all the time, and general technicians can operate after a little training; and can analyze and design according to the measurement data stored in the built-in data storage system Data and construction data are compared to provide experience for future construction.

Using the linear bridge cantilever method construction linear continuous measurement monitoring system and monitoring method of the present invention, after comparing the actual offset of the first reflective target, the second reflective target and the third reflective target with the theoretical offset, it can be used to control The height of the concrete bridge deck constructed by the cantilever pouring method at the corresponding reflection target. The main function of the actual offset of the second reflective target is to control the elevation of the central point of the hanging basket and the offset of the hanging basket from the center line, and serve as a reference for the first laser distance measuring device to adjust its own state.

Using the present invention, the actual position of the second reflective target fixed on the crossbeam of the hanging basket is determined by using the first laser distance measuring device that is always fixed, so that the second laser distance measuring device can be measured with the second reflective target as a reference Proofread the horizontality and rotation angle of the instrument to prevent inaccurate measurement results caused by small deviations caused by multiple rotations during use.

Using the present invention, the offset of the front and rear two hanging baskets can be monitored by emitting laser light in the direction of the front side span hanging basket and the middle span hanging basket. The effective measurement distance of the laser distance measuring device is 150 meters. Therefore, using the present invention, measurements can be made in the two directions of front and back, totaling 300 meters, so that the maximum applicable range of the present invention is a straight bridge with a single span of less than 300 meters. Of course, in order to ensure the measurement accuracy of the present invention, when the present invention is actually applied, the length of a single span (the distance between two adjacent piers along the direction of the bridge) is preferably less than or equal to 200 meters. Since the single-span length of 80% of straight-line bridges does not exceed 200 meters, the present invention is applicable to the cantilevered construction of most straight-line bridges, preventing the position of hanging baskets and cast-in-place bridges from deviating from the predetermined position during the construction process. beyond design requirements.

The invention meets the requirement of all-weather and full-time measurement of the three-dimensional coordinates of the hanging basket and the cantilever construction section, and does not require professional personnel to measure. The equipment can automatically measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the reference control point, and construction personnel can move the first and third active reflection The target is to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the point to be measured to help the construction.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation that installation column is arranged on 0# block;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the position of the bridge section at the first to third reflective targets relative to the reflective targets;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the laser ranging device emitting laser light to the two hanging baskets at the front and rear.

detailed description

The direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 4 is the laser emitting direction.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the linear bridge cantilever method construction linear continuous measurement and monitoring system of the present invention includes a reflection target and an installation column fixedly connected to the 0# block, and the installation column is located at the 0# block 3 in the upward direction of the bridge above the pier column; there are two installation columns at intervals along the transverse bridge direction, namely the first installation column 1 and the second installation column 2, the distance between the first installation column 1 and the center line of the bridge is smaller than the second installation column 2, And not more than 1.0m;

The first installation column 1 is provided with a first laser distance measuring device 4, and the second installation column 2 is provided with a second laser distance measurement device 5; the first laser distance measurement device 4 and the second laser distance measurement device 5 are located on the same horizontal plane Above, the second laser distance measuring device 5 is provided with a rotating chassis 6; the rotating chassis 6 is an existing conventional structure, and the specific structure will not be described in detail.

There is at least one set of reflective targets, and a set of reflective targets includes 3, respectively the first reflective target 7, the second reflective target 8 and the third reflective target 9; the first reflective target 7 is hung on the hanging basket 14 of the block to be constructed The second reflective target 8 is fixedly connected to the crossbeam of the hanging basket of the block to be constructed, and the center of the second reflective target 8 is located on the vertical plane where the centerline of the bridge is located; the third reflective target 9 is hung on the block to be constructed On the other side column of hanging basket 14;

The first reflective target, the second reflective target and the third reflective target are arranged in a zigzag shape, with the direction away from block 0# along the bridge direction as the forward direction, and the second reflective target is located at the front 1/3 position of the construction section , the first reflective target and the third reflective target are respectively located at ±0.5 meters along the midline of the bridge side web;

Both the first laser distance measuring device 4 and the second laser distance measuring device 5 are connected with an electric control device 10 , and the electric control device 10 is connected with an audible and visual alarm 11 , a memory 16 and a power supply 12 . The memory 16 is used to store the input parameters and the data output by the electronic control device, and the electronic control device calculates the three-dimensional coordinates of each reflection target according to the parameters input by the operator and the actual measurement data of the laser distance measuring device.

Both the first installation column 1 and the second installation column 2 are connected with protective covers 13 .

The electric control device 10 is a PLC or a single chip microcomputer.

Among them, the installation column is a cast-in-place concrete column, and its specification is 0.5*0.5*1.0 (meter).

There is a set of reflective targets on the side-span hanging baskets and mid-span hanging baskets on both sides of block 0#. The reflective targets of the side-span hanging baskets and the reflective targets of the mid-span hanging baskets are set at the same positions on their respective hanging baskets. The first laser distance measuring device and the second laser distance measuring device monitor the offset of the side-span hanging basket and the middle-span hanging basket by emitting laser light along the bridge direction away from block 0#. That is, the laser emitted by the first laser distance measuring device and the second laser distance measuring device to the direction of the side span hanging basket is used to monitor the offset of the side span hanging basket, and the laser emitted to the middle span hanging basket is used to monitor the middle span hanging basket offset.

The above-mentioned full set of linear bridge continuous measurement and monitoring systems for cantilever method construction are respectively installed at the top positions of the two main pier box girders corresponding to block 0# of the bridge.

The present invention also discloses a continuous monitoring method using the above-mentioned linear bridge cantilever method to construct the linear continuous measurement and monitoring system, which is followed in turn by the following steps:

In the initial state, the first reflective target 7, the second reflective target 8 and the third reflective target 9 are at the same height as the first laser distance measuring device 4 and the second laser distance measuring device 5; according to the walking distance of the hanging basket 14 and the slope of the bridge deck Calculate the theoretical offsets of the first reflective target 7, the second reflective target 8 and the third reflective target 9 in the horizontal and vertical directions;

The first step is that the staff adjust the positions of the first reflective target 7 and the third reflective target 9 up and down or left and right according to the measured elevation data posted on the column of the hanging basket, so that the first reflective target 7 and the third reflective target 9 are adjusted. The location just meets the elevation and axis position required by the construction design, helping the construction personnel to conveniently determine the installation of the hanging basket and the elevation axis of the structural concrete surface;

The second step is that the staff turns on the first laser distance measuring device 4 to make it emit laser light 15 to the second reflective target 8, measure the distance between the second reflective target 8 and the first laser distance measuring device 4, and measure the second reflection The actual offset of the three-dimensional coordinate position of the target 8 (the three-dimensional coordinates refer to the bridge direction, the horizontal bridge direction and the vertical direction), when the three-dimensional coordinate position of the second reflection target 8 deviates from the actual position required by the construction design When the offset is greater than 0.05 meters (that is, when the center of the second reflective target 8 deviates to the left or right from the center line of the bridge by more than 0.05 meters), the electronic control device 10 controls the sound and light alarm 11 to issue a sound and light alarm to remind the staff to correct The offset of the hanging basket 14; in the above process, the electric control device 10 records the actual position of the second reflective target 8;

The third step is that the staff rotates the second laser distance measuring device 5 to the position facing the second reflective target 8, operates the second laser distance measuring device 5 to emit laser light 15 to the second reflective target 8, and measures the second reflection The distance and the horizontal elevation between the target 8 and the second laser distance measuring device 5, and check the horizontality and the rotation angle of the first laser distance measuring device 4 with the actual position of the second reflective target 8 as a benchmark;

Because the first laser distance measuring device 4 remains fixed during work, its position does not need to be checked; the second laser distance measuring device 5 needs to be rotated during work to align with different reflection targets, its level and rotation Minor deviations in angles may cause inaccurate measurements and require calibration.

Then the staff rotates the second laser distance measuring device 5 to the position facing the first reflective target 7 by rotating the chassis 6, operates the second laser distance measuring device 5 to emit laser light 15 to the first reflective target 7, and measures the first reflective target 7. The distance between the reflective target 7 and the second laser distance measuring device 5, and measure the actual offset of the first reflective target 7; When the actual offset is greater than 10 centimeters, the electronic control device 10 controls the sound and light alarm 11 to issue an audible and visual alarm to remind the staff to correct the offset of the hanging basket 14;

Finally, the second laser distance measuring device 5 of the staff rotates to the position facing the third reflective target 9, operates the third laser distance measuring device to emit laser light 15 to the third reflective target 9, and measures the distance between the third reflective target 9 and the second reflective target 9. The distance between the laser distance measuring devices 5, and measure the actual offset of the third reflective target 9; Control sound and light alarm 11 to send out sound and light alarm, remind the staff to correct the offset of hanging basket 14;

During the walking process of the hanging basket 14 and when the walking is in place and stops, the offset of the hanging basket 14 is continuously monitored through the above steps.

This patent is not only applied to daily construction measurement in the construction process, but also can be used for construction monitoring.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from it. Any modifications or partial replacements within the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. straight line bridge cantilever method Arched Bridge Construction Linear continuously measures monitoring system, it is characterised in that：Including reflection target and fixed company Be connected on the installation column on 0# blocks, install column bridge suitable bridge on direction positioned at the top of 0# block pier studs；Column is installed Two are interval with along direction across bridge, respectively first installs column and the second installation column, and first installs column and bridge center The distance of line is less than second and installs column；

First, which installs column, is provided with first laser range unit, and second, which installs column, is provided with second laser range unit；The One laser ranging system and second laser range unit are located in same level, and second laser range unit is provided with rotation bottom Disk；

Reflect target and be provided with least a set of, a set of reflection target includes 3, the respectively first reflection target, the second reflection target With the 3rd reflection target；First reflection target is hung on a heel post of to be onstructed piece of section Hanging Basket；Second reflection target, which is fixed, to be connected It is connected on to be onstructed piece of section Hanging Basket crossbeam, the second reflecting target target is centrally located at vertical plane where bridge center line；3rd reflection Target is hung on another heel post of to be onstructed piece of section Hanging Basket；

First reflection target, the second reflection target and the 3rd reflection target are arranged in isosceles triangle, with along suitable bridge to away from 0# blocks Direction is to be preceding to the second reflection target position is in the position of front end 1/3 of residing construction section, the first reflection target and the 3rd reflecting target Mark locates ± 0.5 meter to the midline positioned at the suitable bridge of bridge side web respectively；

The first laser range unit and second laser range unit are connected with an electric control gear, and electric control gear is connected with Audible-visual annunciator and power supply.

The line examining system 2. straight line bridge cantilever method according to claim 1 is constructed, it is characterised in that：Described first installs vertical Protective cover is respectively connected with post and the second installation column.

3. straight line bridge cantilever method Arched Bridge Construction Linear according to claim 1 continuously measures monitoring system, it is characterised in that：Institute Electric control gear is stated for PLC or single-chip microcomputer.

4. straight line bridge cantilever method Arched Bridge Construction Linear according to claim 1 continuously measures monitoring system, it is characterised in that：0# The end bay Hanging Basket of block both sides and in across being respectively provided with a set of reflection target on Hanging Basket.

5. straight line bridge cantilever method Arched Bridge Construction Linear continuously measures the continuous monitoring side of monitoring system described in usage right requirement 4 Method, it is characterised in that carry out according to the following steps successively：

First reflection target, the second reflection target and the 3rd reflection target and first laser range unit and second under original state Laser ranging system is with high；First reflection target, the second reflecting target are calculated according to the travel distance of Hanging Basket and the bridge floor gradient Mark and the 3rd reflecting target are marked on the theoretical offset of direction across bridge and vertical direction；

First step is that target and the 3rd reflecting target target position are reflected in staff's regulation first, makes the first reflection target and the Position after three reflection target regulations is right up to the absolute altitude and axial location of detail design requirement；

Second step is that staff opens first laser range unit, makes it to the second reflection target transmitting laser, measurement the The distance between two reflection targets and first laser range unit, the reality of the second reflecting target target three-dimensional coordinate position of measurement is partially Shifting amount, when the real offset that the second reflecting target target three-dimensional coordinate position deviates the position of detail design requirement is more than 0.05 Meter Shi, electric control gear control audible-visual annunciator sends audible and visible alarm, reminds staff to correct the offset of Hanging Basket；Said process In, electric control gear records the second reflecting target target physical location；

Third step is that staff rotates second laser range unit to just to the second reflecting target target position, operation second Laser ranging system makes it to the second reflection target transmitting laser, and measurement second is reflected between target and second laser range unit Distance and horizontal absolute altitude, and levelness on the basis of the second reflecting target target physical location to first laser range unit and The anglec of rotation is checked；

Then staff rotates second laser range unit to just to the first reflecting target target position, operation second laser is surveyed Make it to the first reflection target transmitting laser away from device, measurement first reflect between target and second laser range unit away from From, and measure the first reflecting target target real offset；When the first reflection target is placed near tested point position, it is measured three-dimensional When grid deviation value is more than 5 centimetres, electric control gear control audible-visual annunciator sends audible and visible alarm, reminds staff's amendment Hanging Basket Offset；

Last staff's second laser range unit is rotated to just to the 3rd reflecting target target position, the 3rd laser ranging of operation Device makes it to the 3rd reflection target transmitting laser, and the distance between target and second laser range unit are reflected in measurement the 3rd, And measure the 3rd reflecting target target real offset；When the 3rd reflection target is placed near tested point position, measures its three-dimensional and sit When marking deviation more than 5 centimetres, electric control gear control audible-visual annunciator sends audible and visible alarm, reminds staff's amendment Hanging Basket Offset；

In the walking process of Hanging Basket and when walking stops in place, Hanging Basket offset is continuously supervised by above-mentioned steps Survey.