CN107145035A - 光罩及其主动开关阵列基板的制造方法 - Google Patents
光罩及其主动开关阵列基板的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明是有关于一种光罩及其主动开关阵列基板的制造方法,所述光罩,包括:一透光区;一遮光区;以及一半透光区,设置于所述透光区和所述遮光区之间;其中,所述光罩的透光率依据一低反光材质的掺入及分布密度而调节,使所述半透光区的透光率低于所述透光区的透光率,且高于所述遮光区的透光率,可以实现白色光阻与光间隔物使用同一材料,并提高像素开口率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于主动开关阵列基板的光罩,特别涉及一种光罩及其主动开关阵列基板的制造方法。
背景技术
随着科技进步,具有省电、无幅射、体积小、低耗电量、平面直角、高分辨率、画质稳定等多项优势的液晶显示器,尤其是现今各种信息产品如:手机、笔记本电脑、数字相机、PDA、液晶屏幕等产品的普及,亦使得液晶显示器(LCD)的需求量大大提升。因此如何满足日益要求高分辨率的像素设计,且具有高画质、空间利用效率佳、低消耗功率、无辐射等优越特性的主动开关阵列液晶显示器(Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display,TFT-LCD)已逐渐成为市场的主流。其中,主动开关阵列基板为组立液晶显示器的重要构件之一。
液晶显示器由一彩色滤光基板、主动开关阵列基板及二基板间充满液晶所构成,在较大尺寸液晶显示器中,其为维持二基板的间隙,在液晶层内分布多个间隔物以维持间隙高度保持二基板平行,另在液晶注入法以液晶真空注入法为主,但注入时间耗时,目前逐渐以滴下注入法(One Drop Fill,ODF)取代,对于间隔物的结构需要更新设计。已知技术以球型间隔物分布在液晶层间,此种结构在基板受到压力时,因间隔物滚动而破坏基板,或因为任意分布而位于像素区内产生不均匀分布,更因为间隔物的散射问题而影响产品良率,近年以微影技术形成间隔物(Photo Spacer,PS),精确的控制间隔物的位置、大小及高度取代传统球型间隔物的构造。
而液晶显示器中间隙结构的功能在于控制显示器第一基板和第二基板的间隔。因为上下两片玻璃之间主要填入液晶材料。如果没有间隙结构的支撑,上下两片玻璃的间隔的均匀性无法很好地维持。然而,第一基板和第二基板间隔的均匀性对于维持液晶显示器的显示效果及其电讯质量有重要的影响。
而主动开关阵列基板,目前已为多家面板厂COA or COT(Color on Array orColor on TFT)开发的技术,但需在红绿蓝白彩色光阻工艺后再加上光间隔物(PhotoSpacer)工艺,故使用较多材料,管控困难,工艺流程繁复,设备投资较高,由于白色光阻与光间隔物皆属于透明材料,且白色光阻比光间隔物材料至少贵3成,故有多家厂商极力开发以光间隔物取代白色光阻材料,但实际上由于光间隔物感亮度不够高,通孔的形成较小,因此需将白色光阻通孔尺寸加大50μm以上以求曝出通孔的尺寸大于20μm,如此一来会大大牺牲开口率,造成设计上的难度或影响制程良率。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的在于,提供一种光罩及其主动开关阵列基板的制造方法,可以实现白色光阻与光间隔物使用同一材料,并提高像素开口率。
本发明的目的及解决其技术问题是采用以下技术方案来实现的。依据本发明提出的一种光罩,所述光罩包括:一透光区;一遮光区;以及一半透光区,设置于所述透光区和所述遮光区之间;其中,所述光罩的透光率依据一低反光材质的掺入及分布密度而调节,使所述半透光区的透光率低于所述透光区的透光率,且高于所述遮光区的透光率。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述半透光区的透光率介于30%到70%。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述低反光材质为铬及其化合物所组成的群组。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述光罩为一整面状光罩,所述光罩不存在镂空设计。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述光罩为一非整面状光罩,所述光罩存在镂空设计。
本发明的另一目的为一种主动开关阵列基板的制造方法,包括:提供一第一基板;设置一第一绝缘层于所述第一基板上;设置多个主动开关单元于所述第一绝缘层上;依序设置多个平行配置的光阻层于所述第一绝缘层上,以完成一彩色滤光层;同时设置多个光间隔物及多个通孔于所述彩色滤光层上,其包括:设置一遮光材料层于所述彩色滤光层上,以覆盖所述彩色滤光层;设置一光罩于所述遮光材料层上,所述光罩具有一透光区、一遮光区以及一半透光区;进行一曝光制造以及一显影制造,以图案化所述遮光材料层,而形成所述多个光间隔物及所述多个通孔;设置一透明电极层于所述彩色滤光层上;其中,通过调节低反光材质的掺入及分布密度,调节所述光罩的透光率。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述制造方法,所述半透光区的透光率介于30%到70%。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述制造方法,所述低反光材质为铬及其化合物所组成的群组。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述制造方法,通过所述半透光区的设计,使得所述多个光阻层之一所形成的通孔大于20μm。
本发明的有益效果在于,可以实现白色光阻与光间隔物使用同一材料,并提高像素开口率。
附图说明
图1为范例性的主动开关阵列基板的横截面示意图。
图2为范例性的光罩于主动开关阵列基板的横截面示意图。
图3为本发明一实施例的光罩于主动开关阵列基板的横截面示意图。
图4为本发明一实施例的主动开关阵列基板的横截面示意图。
图5为本发明一实施例的用于主动开关阵列基板的光罩横截面示意图。
具体实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式,用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语,例如「上」、「下」、「前」、「后」、「左」、「右」、「内」、「外」、「侧面」等,仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此,使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明,而非用以限制本发明。
附图和说明被认为在本质上是示出性的,而不是限制性的。在图中,结构相似的单元是以相同标号表示。另外,为了理解和便于描述,附图中示出的每个组件的尺寸和厚度是任意示出的,但是本发明不限于此。
在附图中,为了清晰起见,夸大了层、膜、面板、区域等的厚度。在附图中,为了理解和便于描述,夸大了一些层和区域的厚度。将理解的是,当例如层、膜、区域或基底的组件被称作“在”另一组件“上”时,所述组件可以直接在所述另一组件上,或者也可以存在中间组件。
另外,在说明书中,除非明确地描述为相反的,否则词语“包括”将被理解为意指包括所述组件,但是不排除任何其它组件。此外,在说明书中,“在......上”意指位于目标组件上方或者下方,而不意指必须位于基于重力方向的顶部上。
为更进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段及功效,以下结合附图及较佳实施例,对依据本发明提出的一种光罩及其主动开关阵列基板的制造方法,其具体实施方式、结构、特征及其功效,详细说明如后。
在一实施例中,本发明的主动开关(例如TFT)阵列及彩色滤光层(CF)可形成于同一基板上。
图1为范例性的主动开关阵列基板的横截面示意图及图2为范例性的光罩于主动开关阵列基板的横截面示意图。请参照图1及图2,一种主动开关阵列基板10,包括:一第一基板100;一第一绝缘层105,设置在所述第一基板100上;多个主动开关阵列单元130,设置在所述第一绝缘层105上;一彩色滤光层106,设置在所述第一绝缘层105上,并包括多个平行配置的第一光阻层110、第二光阻层111及第三光阻层112;多个光间隔物114,设置在所述彩色滤光层106上,所述第三光阻层112的材料相同于所述光间隔物114的材料;其中所述多个第三光阻层112具有至少一个通孔140且所述通孔140尺寸为d1;以及一像素电极层120,设置在所述彩色滤光层106上。
在一实施例中,一光罩200,包括:一遮光区230、一透光区220及一半透光区210。
在一实施例中,所述第三光阻层112可为白色光阻层,所述白色光阻层的材料相同于所述光间隔物114的材料,由于所述光间隔物114的感光度较低,在曝光显影的相关制程后,使得形成的所述通孔140的尺寸d1较小,不利于后续制程的进行。
图3为本发明一实施例的光罩于主动开关阵列基板的横截面示意图及图4为本发明一实施例的主动开关阵列基板的横截面示意图。请参考图3和图4,一种主动开关阵列基板11的制造方法,包括:提供一第一基板100;设置一第一绝缘层105于所述第一基板100上;设置多个主动开关单元130于所述第一绝缘层105上;依序设置多个平行配置的第一光阻层110、第二光阻层111、第三光阻层112于所述第一绝缘层105上,以完成一彩色滤光层106;同时设置多个光间隔物114及多个通孔150于所述彩色滤光层106上,其包括:设置一遮光材料层于所述彩色滤光层106上,以覆盖所述彩色滤光层106;设置一光罩201于所述遮光材料层上;进行一曝光制造以及一显影制造,以图案化所述遮光材料层,而形成所述多个光间隔物114及所述多个通孔150;设置一透明电极层120于所述彩色滤光层106上;其中,通过调节低反光材质的掺入量及分布密度,调节所述光罩201的透光率。
在一实施例中,所述光罩201具有一透光率98%的透光区220、一透光率为0%的遮光区230、一透光率介于1%~98%之间的半透光区210以及另一透光率介于30%~70%之间的半透光区212。
在一实施例中,所述低反光材料可例如为铬金属(Cr)及其化合物所组成的群组,通过调节所述铬及其化合物的掺入量及分布密度,进而调节所述光罩201的半透光区212、210的透光率,从而控制曝光后所形成的所述第一光阻层110、所述第二光阻层111、所述第三光阻层112、所述光间隔物114及所述通孔150的尺寸。
在一实施例中,所述第三光阻层112可为白色光阻层,所述白色光阻层的材料相同于所述光间隔物114的材料;即使所述光间隔物114的感光度较低,当所述半透光区212的尺寸d3约为40μm,通过所述半透光区212以及所述遮光区230的设计,可使得形成于所述白色光阻层上的所述通孔150的尺寸d2大于20μm,方便后续制程的进行,且提高成品良率。
图5为本发明一实施例的用于主动开关阵列基板的光罩横截面示意图。请参考图3、图4和图5,一种光罩201,用于制造主动开关阵列基板11,包括:一透光率为98%的透光区220、一透光率为0%的遮光区230、一半透光区210以及另一半透光区212,所述半透光区212、210设置于所述透光区220和所述遮光区230之间;其中,所述光罩的透光率依据一低反光材质的掺入量及分布密度而调节,使所述半透光区212、210的透光率低于所述透光区220的透光率,且高于所述遮光区230的透光率。
在一实施例中,所述低反光材质可例如为铬金属(Cr)及其化合物所组成的群组,通过调节所述铬及其化合物的掺入量及分布密度,进而调节所述光罩201的半透光区212、210的透光率。
在一实施例中,所述半透光区212形成有一部分可穿透曝光光(可例如:紫外光,黄光)的半透光膜,所述半透光区212的透光率介于30%到70%之间。
在一实施例中,所述光罩201为一整面状光罩,所述光罩201不存在镂空设计。所述半透光区210形成有一部分可穿透曝光光(可例如:紫外光,黄光)的半透光膜,所述半透光区210的透光率介于1%到98%之间;所述遮光区230形成有遮光、挡光或吸光性质的遮光膜;所述透光区220形成有可穿透曝光光(可例如:紫外光,黄光)的透光膜。
在一实施例中,所述光罩201为一非整面状光罩,所述光罩201存在镂空设计。所述半透光区210形成有一部分可穿透曝光光(可例如:紫外光,黄光)的半透光膜,所述半透光区210的透光率介于1%到98%之间;所述遮光区230形成有遮光、挡光或吸光性质的遮光膜;所述透光区220做镂空设计,曝光光(可例如:紫外光,黄光)直接穿透,并照射到曝光区。
在一实施例中,所述低反光材质(可例如:铬金属及其化合物)可通过物理气相沉积(PVD)的方式,设置于所述光罩201上;所述物理气相沉积方式可为磁控溅射、离子镀等。
在一实施例中,所述曝光光的举例,如:紫外光,黄光;其为对本发明的补充,而并非对本发明加以限制,所述曝光光亦可指其他光源。
在一实施例中,所述光罩,用以制造主动开关阵列基板,亦可用于制造其他类型的基板或面板,如:彩色滤光层基板,垂直配向型显示面板或边缘场开关型显示面板等,其依据设计人员的需求而定,本文不加以限制。
多灰阶光罩,可例如为灰色光罩(Gray-tone mask)和半色调光罩(Half tonemask),然不限于此。灰色光罩是制作出曝光机分辨率以下的微缝,再通过此微缝部位遮住一部份的光源,以达成半曝光的效果。另一方面,半色调光罩是利用「半透过」的膜,来进行半曝光。因为以上两种方式皆是在1次的曝光过程后即可呈现出「曝光部分」「半曝光部分」及「未曝光部分」3种的曝光层次,故在显影后能够形成2种厚度的光阻(通过利用这样的光阻厚度差异、便可以较一般少的片数下将图形转写至面板基板上,并达成面板生产効率的提升)。若为半色调光罩则光罩成本会略高于一般光罩。
本发明的有益效果在于,可以实现白色光阻与光间隔物使用同一材料,并提高像素开口率。
“在一些实施例中”及“在各种实施例中”等用语被重复地使用。所述用语通常不是指相同的实施例;但它也可以是指相同的实施例。“包含”、“具有”及“包括”等用词是同义词,除非其前后文意显示出其它意思。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上,然而并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内,当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例,但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种光罩,其特征在于,所述光罩包括:
一透光区;
一遮光区;以及
一半透光区,设置于所述透光区和所述遮光区之间;
其中,所述光罩的透光率依据一低反光材质的掺入及分布密度而调节,使所述半透光区的透光率低于所述透光区的透光率,且高于所述遮光区的透光率。
2.如权利要求1所述的光罩,其特征在于,所述半透光区的透光率介于30%到70%。
3.如权利要求1所述的光罩,其特征在于,所述低反光材质为铬及其化合物所组成的群组。
4.如权利要求1所述的光罩,其特征在于,所述光罩为一整面状光罩,所述光罩不存在镂空设计。
5.如权利要求1所述的光罩,其特征在于,所述光罩为一非整面状光罩,所述光罩存在镂空设计。
6.一种主动开关阵列基板的制作方法,其特征在于,包括:
提供一第一基板;
设置一第一绝缘层于所述第一基板上;
设置多个主动开关单元于所述第一绝缘层上;
依序设置多个平行配置的光阻层于所述第一绝缘层上,以完成一彩色滤光层;
同时设置多个光间隔物及多个通孔于所述彩色滤光层上,其包括:
设置一遮光材料层于所述彩色滤光层上,以覆盖所述彩色滤光层;
设置一光罩于所述遮光材料层上,所述光罩具有一透光区、一遮光区以及一半透光区;
进行一曝光制造以及一显影制造,以图案化所述遮光材料层,而形成所述多个光间隔物及所述多个通孔;
设置一透明电极层于所述彩色滤光层上;
其中,通过调节低反光材质的掺入及分布密度,调节所述光罩的透光率。
7.如权利要求6所述的主动开关阵列基板的制作方法,其特征在于,所述半透光区的透光率介于30%到70%。
8.如权利要求6所述的主动开关阵列基板的制作方法,其特征在于,所述低反光材质为铬及其化合物所组成的群组。
9.如权利要求6所述的主动开关阵列基板的制作方法,其特征在于,通过所述半透光区的设计,使得所述多个光阻层之一所形成的通孔大于20μm。
10.一种光罩,其特征在于,所述光罩包括:
一透光区;
一遮光区;以及
一半透光区,设置于所述透光区和所述遮光区之间;
所述光罩的透光率依据一低反光材质的掺入及分布密度而调节;
所述低反光材质为铬金属及其化合物所组成的群组,通过调节所述铬及其化合物的掺入量及分布密度,调节所述光罩的所述半透光区的透光率,其中所述半透光区的透光率介于30%到70%之间。
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| CN107544181A (zh) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-01-05 | 惠科股份有限公司 | 显示面板的制造方法及其制造装置 |
| CN107748459A (zh) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-03-02 | 惠科股份有限公司 | 一种显示面板的制造方法和制造装置 |
| WO2019057218A1 (zh) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-03-28 | 惠科股份有限公司 | 显示面板的制造方法及其制造装置 |
| CN107748459B (zh) * | 2017-09-25 | 2020-05-22 | 惠科股份有限公司 | 一种显示面板的制造方法和制造装置 |
| CN107544181B (zh) * | 2017-09-25 | 2020-06-16 | 惠科股份有限公司 | 显示面板的制造方法及其制造装置 |
| CN107705703A (zh) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-02-16 | 昆山国显光电有限公司 | 显示屏及集成显示屏的显示装置、盖板 |
| US11412623B2 (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2022-08-09 | Kunshan Go-Visionox Opto-Electronics Co., Ltd. | Display screens, display devices integrated with the same, and cover plates |
| CN109444086A (zh) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-03-08 | 歌尔股份有限公司 | 用于校准透光率检测设备的标准组件和方法 |
| WO2022000478A1 (zh) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-01-06 | 欧菲光集团股份有限公司 | 线路板制作方法及线路板 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20190384162A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 |
| WO2018176603A1 (zh) | 2018-10-04 |
| US10678128B2 (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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