CN106519932A - 一种水性醇酸树脂涂料添加剂及其制备方法、使用方法 - Google Patents
一种水性醇酸树脂涂料添加剂及其制备方法、使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水性醇酸树脂涂料添加剂，其组分包括三羟基甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、乙二醇单丁醚、山梨酸、松香酸溶液、焦磷酸钠、防沉降剂、浸润分散剂。本发明考虑到水性醇酸树脂在使用中出现的问题，提供了一种适合应用水性醇酸树脂涂料的添加剂，用于解决水性醇酸树脂涂料在使用过程中的易沉降和影响金属防腐防锈功能的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于涂料添加剂领域，具体涉及一种水溶性醇酸树脂涂料的添加剂及该添加剂的制备方法、使用方法。
背景技术
随着人们环保意识的增强，涂料工业逐渐走向水性化、高固体份化以及UV固化，用以降低溶剂的使用量，尤其是树脂水性化技术的提升，近年来水性涂料已经逐渐应用于工业生产的多个领域中。水性醇酸树脂是水性涂料家族的重要成员之一，醇酸树脂的单体易得、价格低廉、品种多，而且醇酸树脂综合性能好、性价比高，是市场上首选的涂料之一。水性醇酸树脂涂料是醇酸树脂涂料发展的未来方向。
水性醇酸树脂涂料尽管具有许多应用上的优点，但是在实际使用的过程中还存在以下问题：
（1）水性醇酸树脂涂料存在不耐存储的缺点，长时间存储后涂料内固体份易产生沉降。
（2）醇酸树脂涂料多应用于金属表面，用于金属防腐防锈，水性醇酸树脂由于采用的是水作为溶剂，易造成对金属防腐防锈功能的影响。
发明内容
本发明考虑到上述使用中的问题，提供了一种适合应用水性醇酸树脂涂料的添加剂，用于解决水性醇酸树脂涂料在使用过程中的易沉降和影响金属防腐防锈功能的问题。考虑到水性涂料中添加剂的特点，在制备水性涂料用添加剂过程中需注意以下问题：
（1）水性涂料是使用水作为分散介质，水性涂料中使用的添加剂必须能够均匀分散在水中或者溶解于水中，同时需考虑到对涂料粘度和涂装过程的影响，如是否会影响导致涂料中颜料沉降分离、涂料的干燥性能、涂料的流平性、流挂性等问题。
（2）水性涂料中一旦添加某些特定成分后，需采用其他与之配伍的添加剂成分，否则易引起涂料内固体颗粒团聚沉淀，引起涂料变质。
本发明所要解决的技术问题通过以下步骤予以实现：
本发明中提供的水性醇酸树脂涂料添加剂组分及质量份如下：
三羟基甲基丙烷 20-35份
季戊四醇 10-15份
乙二醇单丁醚 5-8份
山梨酸 2-4份
松香酸溶液 0.5-1.2份
焦磷酸钠 0.5-1份
防沉降剂 9-15份
浸润分散剂 0.1-0.5份。
三羟基甲基丙烷（TMP）是白色片状结晶，是一种与醇酸树脂融合性非常好的材料，常用于作为醇酸树脂涂料的助剂，故本发明中选用三羟基甲基丙烷作为添加剂组分中的主成分，与之相适配的，选用与之融合性能好的季戊四醇作为溶剂，同时添加乙二醇单丁醚进一步促进三羟基甲基丙烷以及其他添加剂的溶解。
本发明中发现松香酸与焦磷酸钠的混合物添加至醇酸树脂涂料中，应用于金属表面时，对金属表面有非常好的防护作用，而且两者的混合物还能够有效提升添加剂体系的稳定性，进而提升醇酸树脂涂料的稳定性。松香酸在水中的溶解度非常低，所以不适合直接进行添加，故在本发明中，松香酸以松香酸溶液的形式进行添加，进一步地，本发明中添加的松香酸溶液为15-20wt%的松香酸乙醇溶液，或者，本发明中添加的松香酸溶液为15-20wt%的松香酸碱溶液，其中碱溶液浓度为5-20wt%，所述碱溶液为氢氧化钠溶液、氢氧化钾溶液、碳酸氢钠溶液中的一种。
本发明中使用的防沉降剂需与其他成分相适配，优选地，选择防沉降剂为二氧化硅气凝胶粉、纳米膨润土粉、纳米碳酸钙粉、纳米二氧化钛粉中的一种或者多种。
二氧化硅气凝胶密度小、比表面积和孔隙率大，具有非常好的分散性，而且触变补强作用非常好，当选择防沉降剂为二氧化硅气凝胶粉时，氧化硅气凝胶粉原料中气凝胶比表面积为350-450m2/g，密度为42-60kg/m3。当选择防沉降剂为纳米膨润土粉、纳米碳酸钙粉、纳米二氧化钛粉时，纳米膨润土粉、纳米碳酸钙粉、纳米二氧化钛粉粒径为20-100nm。
本发明中还提供制备上述添加剂的方法：按配方将三羟基甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、乙二醇单丁醚在容器中搅拌均匀，再加入山梨酸和松香酸溶液，在1500-3000r/min条件下进行分散15-30min，调控分散速度使温度不高于80℃，分散完毕后加入焦磷酸钠、防沉降剂和浸润分散剂，在600-1000 r/min条件下进行分散30-60min，分散完毕后冷却即得所需添加剂。
本发明中添加剂的使用方法：将所述涂料添加剂以质量百分比8-22%添加至水溶性醇酸树脂涂料中，优选地，将所述涂料添加剂以质量百分比14-16%添加至聚氨酯改性水性醇酸树脂涂料中。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
1、本发明中提供了一种新型的应用于水性醇酸树脂涂料中的添加剂。
2、本发明中提供的添加剂有助于提升水性醇酸树脂的防沉降性，提升其耐存储性能。
3、本发明中提供的添加剂在水性醇酸树脂应用于金属表面时，有助于提升对金属表面的防腐防锈性能。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明的内容进行进一步的描述。
按照以下组分及质量分数进行涂料添加剂的制备：
上述原料皆选用纯度大于99.9wt%的产品，其中实施例1-10中松香酸溶液采用的是18wt%的松香酸乙醇溶液，实施例11-20中松香酸溶液采用的是20wt%的松香酸碱溶液，该碱溶液为浓度为10wt%的氢氧化钾溶液。
防沉降剂的选择如下：实施例1-5选用的是比表面积为425m2/g，密度为55kg/m3的二氧化硅气凝胶粉，粉体粒度为5μm；实施例6-10选用的是纳米膨润土，粉体粒度为40nm；实施例11-15选用的是纳米碳酸钙粉，粉体粒度为50nm；实施例16-20选用的是金红石型的纳米二氧化钛粉，粉体粒度为80nm。
浸润分散剂选用市售的适用于水性醇酸树脂涂料体系的分散剂产品（本实施例中选用浸润分散剂为BYK生产的分散剂DISPERBYK-194），在实际使用过程中并不限定所使用产品厂家。进一步优选，可根据所添加的属性醇酸树脂涂料的配方，选择与涂料中浸润分散剂相同的原料。
添加剂制备方法为：按配方将三羟基甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、乙二醇单丁醚在容器中搅拌均匀，再加入山梨酸和松香酸溶液，在1500-2500r/min条件下进行分散30min，调控分散速度使温度不高于80℃，分散完毕后加入焦磷酸钠、防沉降剂和浸润分散剂，在800 r/min条件下进行分散60min，分散完毕后冷却即得所需添加剂。
将实施例中制得的添加剂以质量比14%添加至水性醇酸树脂涂料中，将涂料与添加剂搅拌混合均匀后涂装于碳钢试片表面（试片尺寸为10×10×0.8cm，试片牌号为Q345b）。采用未添加实施例中添加剂的水性醇酸树脂涂料作为对比例，对比例同样对碳钢试片表面进行涂装。对制得的水性醇酸树脂涂料进行沉降性试验，对制得的碳钢试片进行中性盐雾试验，记录结果如下：
如上述实验结果可以看出，添加了本发明中添加剂的水性醇酸树脂防沉降性和应用于金属表面时的防锈能力都有较大的提升。其中实施例编号为8-17的添加剂效果最佳。
取实施例编号为14的添加剂，将其以质量百分比分别为6%、8%、10%、14%、16%、20%、22%、25%添加至相同的水性醇酸树脂中，制成新的水性醇酸树脂，记录其沉降性，同样将上述水性醇酸树脂应用于上述碳钢试片上进行涂布，记录该试片盐雾试验结果如下：
由上述结果可以看出，实施例中添加剂含量质量百分比为14-22%时效果最佳。
最后需要说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明实施例的技术方案而非对其进行限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明实施例进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解依然可以对本发明实施例的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而这些修改或者等同替换亦不能使修改后的技术方案脱离本发明实施例技术方案的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种水性醇酸树脂涂料添加剂，其特征在于组分及质量份如下：
三羟基甲基丙烷 20-35份
季戊四醇 10-15份
乙二醇单丁醚 5-8份
山梨酸 2-4份
松香酸溶液 0.5-1.2份
焦磷酸钠 0.5-1份
防沉降剂 9-15份
浸润分散剂 0.1-0.5份。
2.如权利要求1所述水性醇酸树脂涂料添加剂，其特征在于：所述松香酸溶液为15-20wt%的松香酸乙醇溶液。
3.如权利要求1所述水性醇酸树脂涂料添加剂，其特征在于：所述松香酸溶液为15-20wt%的松香酸碱溶液，其中碱溶液浓度为5-20wt%。
4.如权利要求3所述水性醇酸树脂涂料添加剂，其特征在于：所述碱溶液为氢氧化钠溶液、氢氧化钾溶液、碳酸氢钠溶液中的一种。
5.如权利要求1所述水性醇酸树脂涂料添加剂，其特征在于：所述防沉降剂为二氧化硅气凝胶粉、纳米膨润土粉、纳米碳酸钙粉、纳米二氧化钛粉中的一种或者多种。
6.如权利要求5所述水性醇酸树脂涂料添加剂，其特征在于：所述二氧化硅气凝胶粉原料中气凝胶比表面积为350-450m2/g，密度为42-60kg/m3。
7.如权利要求5所述水溶性醇酸树脂涂料添加剂，其特征在于：所述纳米膨润土粉、纳米碳酸钙粉、纳米二氧化钛粉粒径为20-100nm。
8.一种制备如权利要求1-7任一所述涂料添加剂的方法，其特征在于：按配方将三羟基甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、乙二醇单丁醚在容器中搅拌均匀，再加入山梨酸和松香酸溶液，在1500-3000r/min条件下进行分散15-30min，调控分散速度使温度不高于80℃，分散完毕后加入焦磷酸钠、防沉降剂和浸润分散剂，在600-1000 r/min条件下进行分散30-60min，分散完毕后冷却即得所需添加剂。
9.一种如权利要求1-7任一所述涂料添加剂的使用方法，其特征在于：将所述涂料添加剂以质量百分比8-22%添加至水溶性醇酸树脂涂料中。
10.一种如权利要求9所述涂料添加剂的使用方法，其特征在于：将所述涂料添加剂以质量百分比14-16%添加至聚氨酯改性水性醇酸树脂涂料中。
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