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CN106273826B - 一种复合无纺布及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种复合无纺布及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106273826B
CN106273826B CN201610639886.3A CN201610639886A CN106273826B CN 106273826 B CN106273826 B CN 106273826B CN 201610639886 A CN201610639886 A CN 201610639886A CN 106273826 B CN106273826 B CN 106273826B
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China
Prior art keywords
woven fabric
nonwoven cloth
compound
layer
nonwoven layer
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CN201610639886.3A
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CN106273826A (zh
Inventor
陈高明
高华平
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Hubei Yikangyuan Medical Supplies Co ltd
Original Assignee
Hubei Jin Kang Protective Equipment Co
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Priority to CN201610639886.3A priority Critical patent/CN106273826B/zh
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种复合无纺布，依次包括第一、第二和第三无纺布层，所述第一无纺布层由碳纤维树脂与生物质纤维按照15‑35：5‑10的重量比进行混合，然后通过静电纺丝生产工艺制得；所述第二无纺布层由聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和A2B2A型嵌段共聚物按照质量比35‑50：10‑15：15‑20进行混合挤出纤维，然后采用熔喷法生产工艺制得；所述第三无纺布层由脂肪醇与聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯按照重量比25‑45：10‑15进行混合，然后通过纺粘法工艺生产制得；本发明采用三层不同的无纺布进行复合而成，综合了三层不同无纺布的特性，所得到的复合无纺布具有十分优异的拉伸强度、弹性、质感、耐高温、保温、防渗以及抗菌防辐射性能。

Description

一种复合无纺布及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于无纺布领域，特别是涉及一种复合无纺布及其制备方法。
背景技术
无纺布(非织造布)是一种不需要纺纱织布而形成的织物，只是将纺织短纤维或者长丝进行定向或随机撑列，形成纤网结构，然后采用机械、热粘或化学等方法加固而成。简单的讲就是：它不是由一根一根的纱线交织、编结在一起的，而是将纤维直接通过物理的方法粘合在一起的，所以，当你拿到你衣服里的粘称时，就会发现，是抽不出一根根的线头的。非织造布突破了传统的纺织原理，并具有工艺流程短、生产速度快，产量高、成本低、用途广、原料来源多等特点，在日常生产和生活中有着广泛的应用。但是，随着人们健康意识的提高和对生活质量的重视，如何赋予己经广泛应用的无纺布材料的优良的性能，成为当前一个热门的课题。中国专利CN1970865A公开了一种将表面镀银的纤维添加进无纺布纤维中的技术，具有杀灭常见细菌的能力。中国专利CN201109221Y公开了一种抗菌复合无纺布材料，它由三层材料复合而成，外层为吸水无纺布制作的吸水层，中间层为PE，PU膜或防水透气膜制作的防水层，里层为抗菌无纺布制作的抗菌层，使之同时具备了吸水、防水、抗菌的功能。中国专利CN 104695137A公开了一种抗静电无纺布，该无纺布由聚酯，聚酰胺类聚合物，抗静电剂制备得到，该发明制备的无纺布纤维直径较细，得到无纺布具有比表面积大、孔隙率高、过滤效率优、柔软性好、舒适感强等优点，可广泛应用于医用和工业用口罩、保暖材料、过滤材料、医疗卫生材料、吸油材料、擦拭布、电池隔板以及隔音材料等领域。中国专利CN204076983U公开了一种用于制作医用口罩的无纺布复合材料，包括亲肤层、吸水层、第一PE层、除菌层、第二PE层和亲水PP无纺布层，所述亲肤层上粘结有一层吸水层，所述吸水层上粘结有第一PE层，第一PE层上粘结有除菌层，所述除菌层的上部粘结有第二PE层，第二PE层上粘结有亲水PP无纺布层。
无纺布用途广泛，其中医用无纺布方面，包括一次性口罩、防护服、手术衣、隔离衣、实验服，护士帽、手术帽、医生帽、手术包、产妇包、急救包、尿布、枕套、床单、被套、鞋套等一次性医用耗材系列。无纺布的单层构造，以致纤维不够致密，过滤效果不是很好，而且加工的产品风格单一，无法满足客户不同需求。此外，由于现有无纺布仅仅只有一层自粘合纤维，囚此强度低，不耐磨且不具有防水性能，在需要防水的防护和包装领域的使用也受到限制；而且，随着人民生活水平的提高，市场对具有抗酒精、防静电、抗菌等功能性无纺布的需求越来越大，普通的无纺布难以满足客户的实际需求。因此，研制功能多样、性能优异的复合无纺布是市场的必然要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术的不足，提供一种多层多功能复合无纺布，该无纺布既有抗菌性，又具有防辐射性能以及优异的拉伸强度、弹性、质感、耐高温、保温以及防渗性能。
为解决上述问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种复合无纺布，依次包括第一、第二和第三无纺布层，
所述第一无纺布层由碳纤维树脂与生物质纤维按照15-35：5-10的重量比进行混合，然后通过静电纺丝生产工艺制得；
所述第二无纺布层由聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和A2B2A型嵌段共聚物按照质量比35-50：10-15：15-20进行混合挤出纤维，然后采用熔喷法生产工艺制得；
所述第三无纺布层由脂肪醇与聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯按照重量比25-45：10-15进行混合，然后通过纺粘法工艺生产制得；
其中，所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗辐射后整理，加入抗辐射剂；所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗菌后整理，加入抗菌剂。
其中，所述抗辐射剂为勃姆石和沸石粉的混合物，抗辐射剂的重量含量为0.3％-0.6％。
所述勃姆石和沸石粉的质量比为1：3-5。
所述抗菌剂为载银纳米二氧化钛或生物多肽类抗菌剂，其重量含量为0.2％-0.4％。
所述生物多肽类抗菌剂选自硫酸鱼精蛋白、ε-聚赖氨酸、硫酸多粘菌素或纳他霉素中的一种或多种组合。
所述的脂肪醇是C原子数为12-24个的脂肪醇。
所述生物质纤维为竹浆纤维、PTT纤维或PHA纤维中的一种或多种。
所述的A2B2A型嵌段共聚物中A组份是聚苯乙烯类，B组份是聚乙2丁烯。
所述的复合无纺布生产方法包括：第一无纺布、第二无纺布、第三无纺布生产步骤和复合步骤：
所述第一无纺布层由碳纤维树脂与生物质纤维按照15-35：5-10的重量比进行混合，然后通过静电纺丝生产工艺制得；所述第二无纺布层由聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和A2B2A型嵌段共聚物按照质量比35-50：10-15：15-20进行混合挤出纤维，然后采用熔喷法生产工艺制得；所述第三无纺布层由脂肪醇与聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯按照重量比25-45：10-15进行混合，然后通过纺粘法工艺生产制得；
复合步骤：第一无纺布、第二无纺布、第三无纺布的顺序复合。
其中，生产方法还包括后整理步骤：进行功能性整理，使复合无纺布带有抗辐射剂和抗菌剂。
本发明的技术效果为：
(1)本发明采用三层不同的无纺布进行复合而成，综合了三层不同无纺布的特性，所得到的复合无纺布具有十分优异的拉伸强度、弹性、质感、耐高温、保温以及防渗性能；
(2)本发明得到的无纺布具有很好的广谱抗菌性，对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌4小时检测，抗菌率均达到99.9％，另外，其具有十分持久的防辐射效果；
(3)本发明设备简单、工艺流程短、能耗低，具有十分广阔的前景。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的阐述：
实施例1
一种复合无纺布，依次包括第一、第二和第三无纺布层，所述第一无纺布层由碳纤维树脂与竹浆纤维按照15：5的重量比进行混合，然后通过静电纺丝生产工艺制得；
所述第二无纺布层由聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和A2B2A型嵌段共聚物按照质量比35：10：15进行混合挤出纤维，然后采用熔喷法生产工艺制得；
所述第三无纺布层由C12脂肪醇与聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯按照重量比25：10进行混合，然后通过纺粘法工艺生产制得；
其中，所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗辐射后整理，加入抗辐射剂勃姆石和沸石粉；所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗菌后整理，加入抗菌剂载银纳米二氧化钛。
实施例2
一种复合无纺布，依次包括第一、第二和第三无纺布层，所述第一无纺布层由碳纤维树脂与PHA纤维按照35：10的重量比进行混合，然后通过静电纺丝生产工艺制得；
所述第二无纺布层由聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和A2B2A型嵌段共聚物按照质量比50：15：20进行混合挤出纤维，然后采用熔喷法生产工艺制得；
所述第三无纺布层由C15脂肪醇与聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯按照重量比45：15进行混合，然后通过纺粘法工艺生产制得；
其中，所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗辐射后整理，加入抗辐射剂勃姆石和沸石粉；所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗菌后整理，加入生物多肽类抗菌剂硫酸鱼精蛋白。
实施例3
一种复合无纺布，依次包括第一、第二和第三无纺布层，所述第一无纺布层由碳纤维树脂与PTT纤维按照25：8的重量比进行混合，然后通过静电纺丝生产工艺制得；
所述第二无纺布层由聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和A2B2A型嵌段共聚物按照质量比40：15：18进行混合挤出纤维，然后采用熔喷法生产工艺制得；
所述第三无纺布层由C18脂肪醇与聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯按照重量比35：12进行混合，然后通过纺粘法工艺生产制得；
其中，所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗辐射后整理，加入抗辐射剂勃姆石和沸石粉；所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗菌后整理，加入生物多肽类抗菌剂ε-聚赖氨酸。
实施例4
一种复合无纺布，依次包括第一、第二和第三无纺布层，所述第一无纺布层由碳纤维树脂与竹浆纤维按照30：10的重量比进行混合，然后通过静电纺丝生产工艺制得；
所述第二无纺布层由聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和A2B2A型嵌段共聚物按照质量比50：12：18进行混合挤出纤维，然后采用熔喷法生产工艺制得；
所述第三无纺布层由C20脂肪醇与聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯按照重量比40：12进行混合，然后通过纺粘法工艺生产制得；
其中，所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗辐射后整理，加入抗辐射剂勃姆石和沸石粉；所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗菌后整理，加入生物多肽类抗菌剂硫酸多粘菌素。
实施例5
一种复合无纺布，依次包括第一、第二和第三无纺布层，所述第一无纺布层由碳纤维树脂与PTT纤维按照25：5的重量比进行混合，然后通过静电纺丝生产工艺制得；
所述第二无纺布层由聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和A2B2A型嵌段共聚物按照质量比45：15：15进行混合挤出纤维，然后采用熔喷法生产工艺制得；
所述第三无纺布层由C24脂肪醇与聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯按照重量比35：13进行混合，然后通过纺粘法工艺生产制得；
其中，所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗辐射后整理，加入抗辐射剂勃姆石和沸石粉；所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗菌后整理，加入生物多肽类抗菌剂纳他霉素。
性能测试
对本发明实施例1-5所得产品所得产品的性能进行测试，抗菌性：将产品碎片浸渍于菌液中，检测其表面受污染状况；防辐射：用辐射检测仪检测使用该产品后辐射剂量率的减少量，单位μSv/h；阻燃性：试样火焰蔓延性测定法GB/T 5456-1997垂直法，测试结果见下表。
从上表可知，实施例1-5的无纺布产品具有十分优异的抗菌、防辐射以及阻燃的性能。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

1.一种复合无纺布，依次包括第一、第二和第三无纺布层，其特征在于，
所述第一无纺布层由碳纤维树脂与生物质纤维按照15-35：5-10的重量比进行混合，然后通过静电纺丝生产工艺制得；
所述第二无纺布层由聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和A2B2A型嵌段共聚物按照质量比35-50：10-15：15-20进行混合挤出纤维，然后采用熔喷法生产工艺制得；
所述第三无纺布层由脂肪醇与聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯按照重量比25-45：10-15进行混合，然后通过纺粘法工艺生产制得；
其中，所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗辐射后整理，加入抗辐射剂；所述第一无纺布层经过功能性抗菌后整理，加入抗菌剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述抗辐射剂为勃姆石和沸石粉的混合物，抗辐射剂的重量含量为0.3％-0.6％。
3.根据权利要求2所述的复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述勃姆石和沸石粉的质量比为1：3-5。
4.根据权利要求1所述的复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述抗菌剂为载银纳米二氧化钛或生物多肽类抗菌剂，其重量含量为0.2％-0.4％。
5.根据权利要求4所述的复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述生物多肽类抗菌剂选自硫酸鱼精蛋白、ε-聚赖氨酸、硫酸多粘菌素或纳他霉素中的一种或多种组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述的脂肪醇是C原子数为12-24个的脂肪醇。
7.根据权利要求1所述的复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述生物质纤维为竹浆纤维、PTT纤维或PHA纤维中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的复合无纺布，其特征在于，生产方法包括：第一无纺布、第二无纺布、第三无纺布生产步骤和复合步骤：
所述第一无纺布层由碳纤维树脂与生物质纤维按照15-35：5-10的重量比进行混合，然后通过静电纺丝生产工艺制得；所述第二无纺布层由聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和A2B2A型嵌段共聚物按照质量比35-50：10-15：15-20进行混合挤出纤维，然后采用熔喷法生产工艺制得；所述第三无纺布层由脂肪醇与聚己二酸/对苯二甲酸丁二酯按照重量比25-45：10-15进行混合，然后通过纺粘法工艺生产制得；
复合步骤：按照第一无纺布、第二无纺布、第三无纺布的顺序复合。
9.根据权利要求8所述的复合无纺布，其特征在于，生产方法还包括后整理步骤：进行功能性整理，使复合无纺布带有抗辐射剂和抗菌剂。
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