CN106008911A - Base plate material for rail fastener, preparation method and application of base plate material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a backing plate material for rail fasteners, a preparation method and application thereof. The pad material of the present invention includes or is made of A component and B component, wherein, A component is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: A-1 chain extender, 100 parts, A-2 water, 0 ‑50 parts, A‑3 foam stabilizer, 10‑100 parts, A‑4 catalyst, 0.1‑2 parts, B component is made by reacting B‑1 polyether polyol and B‑2 isocyanate, wherein the B group The content of isocyanate in component B is 1%-10% (w/w); wherein, the ratio of the amount of isocyanate in component B to the amount of hydroxyl in component A is 1.05-1.15. The polyurethane material of the present invention has better wear resistance, fatigue properties and rebound properties. In addition, the novel small-radius curved backing plate prepared by the polyurethane material of the present invention adds a fiber reinforcement layer, which can greatly increase the backing plate’s ability to resist lateral deformation. ability, while also increasing the stiffness of the backing plate to reduce vertical deformation.

Description

Backing plate material for rail fastener and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of railway rail fasteners, and in particular relates to a backing plate material for rail fasteners, a preparation method and application thereof.

Background technique

The backing plate under the rail is an important part of the rail fastener, which mainly plays the role of vibration damping and buffering. The vibration generated by the wheel-rail impact is transmitted downward through the under-rail backing plate. A good-quality under-rail backing plate can attenuate the wheel-rail vibration and absorb energy while maintaining the elasticity of the track, and reduce the impact of the wheel-rail impact on the track structure. destroy. The small-radius curve backing plate is used in the small-radius curve area. In addition to bearing the vertical force generated by the normal vehicle weight, it also needs to bear the horizontal force caused by the centrifugal force of the turning. Therefore, its service conditions are very harsh.

At present, most of the existing backing plates under the rail adopt solid groove structure, and some of them adopt flat plate structure or nail structure. There is no interlayer inside. Under the simultaneous action of longitudinal force and transverse force, there is no supporting structure inside, which is very easy to be crushed. collapse, resulting in accidents such as cutting pillows.

In addition, the existing under-rail pads are mostly made of rubber materials, such as natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, etc., and a small amount of polyurethane is used, and the raw material isocyanate is mostly made of MDI. However, the material stiffness and fatigue resistance of existing backing plates under rails are not enough to adapt to the harsh conditions of small-radius curves, and the service life is often a fraction to one-tenth of the service life of backing plates in other general road sections.

In view of the harsh conditions of the small-radius curve section, the small-radius curve backing plate needs to bear the horizontal force caused by the turning centrifugal force in addition to the vertical force generated by the normal vehicle weight. However, due to the fact that the existing backing plate structure and materials cannot meet the requirements of field use, it is common for small-radius curved backing plates to collapse and fail in a short period of time. By improving the structure and material of the backing plate, the present invention enables the backing plate to meet the requirements of small-radius curves and prolongs its service life.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a backing plate material for rail fasteners, a preparation method and application thereof. The backing plate material for rail fasteners of the present invention is suitable for backing plates with small radius curves.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide backing material for rail fasteners which is suitable for backing plates with small radius curves.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned backing plate material for rail fasteners.

Another object of the present invention is to provide the application of the above-mentioned backing plate material for rail fasteners, that is, to prepare the backing plate material for rail fasteners into a backing plate, a reinforcing layer can be added inside the backing plate, and the backing plate Can be flat structure.

The technical scheme that realizes the object of the present invention is as follows:

In one aspect, the present invention provides a backing material for rail fasteners, the backing material includes or is made of component A and component B, wherein component A is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass:

B component is made by the reaction of B-1 polyether polyol and B-2 isocyanate, wherein the content of isocyanate in said B component is 1%-10% (w/w), the content of this isocyanate is Refers to the remaining isocyanate content in the system after the reaction of B-1 polyether polyol and B-2 isocyanate;

Wherein, the ratio of the amount of isocyanate in component B to the amount of hydroxyl in component A is 1.05-1.15;

Preferably, in the above pad material, the A component is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass:

More preferably, the A component is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass:

Most preferably, the A component is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass:

Preferably, the isocyanate content of the B component is 2%-8% (w/w);

More preferably, the isocyanate content of the B component is 5% (w/w);

Preferably, the ratio of the amount of isocyanate in component B to the amount of hydroxyl in component A is 1.05-1.10;

More preferably, the ratio of the amount of isocyanate in component B to the amount of hydroxyl in component A is 1.05;

Preferably, in the above pad material, the A-1 is selected from one or more of alcohols with a functionality of 2; more preferably, the A-1 is selected from 1,4-butanediol, ethylene One or more of diol, propylene glycol (such as 1,2-propanediol or 1,3-propanediol) and 1,4-cyclohexanediol; further preferably, the A-1 is selected from 1,4- One or more of butanediol, ethylene glycol and 1,3-propanediol; most preferably, the A-1 is 1,4-butanediol.

Preferably, in the above pad material, the A-3 is silicone oil.

Preferably, in the above pad material, the A-4 is selected from triethylenediamine, dimorpholine diethyl ether, N-methylimidazole, lead isooctanoate, diisobutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate and One or more of potassium acetate; more preferably, the A-4 is triethylenediamine.

Preferably, in the above pad material, the B-1 is selected from one or more polyether polyols with a molecular weight of 500-4000; more preferably, the B-1 is selected from polyether polyols with a molecular weight of 1000-2000 One or more of the polyether polyols; or the B-1 is selected from one or more of the polytetrahydrofuran diols with a molecular weight of 500-4000; more preferably, the B-1 is a molecular weight 2000 polytetrahydrofuran diol.

Preferably, in the above pad material, the B-2 is selected from one or more of toluene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate; more preferably, the Said B-2 is naphthalene diisocyanate.

On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned pad material, and this method comprises the following steps:

1) Heat component B-1 polyether polyol to 100-140°C, and vacuum dehydrate for 2-3 hours;

2) Keep the product obtained in step 1) at 100-140°C, add component B-2 isocyanate, the system cools down first and then heats up, and when the system temperature reaches 100-140°C, keep it for 20-60min;

3) After 20-60 minutes, the temperature of the system was lowered to 70°C to obtain component B;

4) Quickly mix component B obtained in step 3) with chain extender A-1, water A-2, foam stabilizer A-3 and catalyst A-4 to obtain the product.

In a specific embodiment, the preparation method of the pad material is as follows:

1) PTMG2000 (polytetrahydrofuran diol with a molecular weight of 2000) was heated to 130°C, and vacuum dehydrated for 2 hours;

2) Keep the product obtained in step 1) at 130°C, and directly add the measured NDI (naphthalene diisocyanate), the system will drop in temperature after adding, and then the system will heat up due to the exothermic reaction. When it reaches 130°C, keep it for 30 minutes;

3) After 30 minutes, the system starts to cool down, and when it drops to 70°C, it is used as component B for standby;

4) Quickly mix component B at a material temperature of 70°C with the measured 1,4-butanediol, water, silicone oil and catalyst, and the product is ready.

In yet another aspect, the present invention provides the use of the backing plate material for preparing a backing plate for rail fasteners; preferably, the backing plate is a small-radius curved backing plate; more preferably, the backing plate contains reinforced layer, the reinforcement layer is preferably a fiber reinforcement layer, more preferably a cloth.

In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a backing plate, which is prepared from the backing plate material; preferably, the backing plate is a small-radius curved backing plate; more preferably, the backing plate contains A reinforcement layer, the reinforcement layer is preferably a fiber reinforcement layer, more preferably a cloth.

Preferably, the reinforcing layer exists in the interior of the backing plate in a discontinuous or continuous manner in the transverse or longitudinal direction; more preferably, the reinforcing layer exists in the interior of the backing plate in a manner of continuous distribution in the transverse or longitudinal direction.

In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the backing plate, the method comprising: pouring the backing plate material into a backing plate with a reinforcing layer at a temperature of 70-120° C., preferably 100° C. Keep in the mold for 30 minutes, take out the mold, and cure at 70-120°C, preferably at 100°C, for 12-16h, preferably 15h, to obtain.

In a specific embodiment, the preparation method of the backing plate is as follows:

1) PTMG2000 (polytetrahydrofuran diol with a molecular weight of 2000) was heated to 100-140°C, and vacuum dehydrated for 2 hours;

2) Keep the product obtained in step 1) at 100-140°C, and directly add the measured NDI (naphthalene diisocyanate), the system will drop in temperature after adding, and then the system will heat up due to the exothermic reaction. When the system temperature reaches 100-140°C, count for 20-60 minutes;

3) After 20-60 minutes, the system starts to cool down, and when it drops to 60-80°C, it will be used as component B for standby;

4) Fix the cloth between the upper and lower molds, the two ends are longer than the size of the mold, and straighten the two ends of the cloth to keep the cloth straight in the mold.

5) Quickly mix component B obtained in step 3) with a material temperature of 60-80°C with the measured 1,4-butanediol, water, silicone oil and catalyst, and pour it into a backing mold at 70-120°C ;

6) After about 30 minutes in the mold, the backing plate can be ejected from the mold, and the curing condition after ejection is (70-120)°C×(12-16)h.

At present, the commonly used under-rail backing plate is made of rubber, which cannot meet the requirements of field use in terms of wear resistance, resilience performance and fatigue resistance. The polyurethane material of the invention has better wear resistance properties, fatigue properties and resilience properties.

In addition, a fiber-reinforced layer is added to the new small-radius curved backing plate prepared by the polyurethane material of the present invention, which can greatly increase the ability of the backing plate to resist lateral deformation, and at the same time increase the stiffness of the backing plate to reduce vertical deformation.

Description of drawings

Below, describe embodiment of the present invention in detail in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:

Figure 1 is a front sectional view of one embodiment of a backing plate of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of one embodiment of the backing plate of the present invention;

Figure 3 is the rendering of a common backing plate after one year of use on the existing line;

Fig. 4 is an effect diagram of the backing plate of the present invention after being used on an existing line for one year.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the given examples are only for clarifying the present invention, not for limiting the scope of the present invention. For the experimental methods without specific conditions indicated in the following examples, usually follow the conventional conditions or the conditions suggested by the manufacturer.

Unless otherwise defined, all professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described can be applied to the method of the present invention. The preferred implementation methods and materials described herein are for demonstration purposes only.

Embodiment 1 Backing plate material for rail fasteners of the present invention

A backing plate material for rail fasteners, the backing plate material is made of component A and component B, wherein component A is made of the raw materials of the following formula:

Component B is made by reacting 199g B-1PTMG2000 and 49.8g B-2 naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI), wherein the isocyanate content of component B is 5% (w/w);

The ratio of the amount of isocyanate in component B to the amount of hydroxyl in component A is 1.05;

The preparation method of above-mentioned pad material comprises the steps:

1) Heat 199g of PTMG2000 to 130°C and vacuum dehydrate for 2 hours;

2) Keep the product obtained in step 1) at 130°C, and directly add the NDI in the formulated amount. After adding, the system will drop in temperature, and then the system will heat up due to the exothermic reaction. When the system temperature reaches 130°C, time it for 30 minutes ;

3) After 30 minutes, the system starts to cool down, and when it drops to 70°C, it is used as component B for standby;

4) Quickly mix component B at a material temperature of 70°C with the formulated amount of 1,4-butanediol, water, silicone oil and triethylenediamine to obtain the product.

Embodiment 2 Backing plate of the present invention

The gasket material of Example 1 was used to prepare the gasket of the present invention. The specific preparation method is as follows:

1) Heat 199g of PTMG2000 to 130°C and vacuum dehydrate for 2 hours;

2) Keep the product obtained in step 1) at 130°C, and directly add the NDI in the formulated amount. After adding, the system will drop in temperature, and then the system will heat up due to the exothermic reaction. When the system temperature reaches 130°C, time it for 30 minutes ;

3) After 30 minutes, the system starts to cool down, and when it drops to 70°C, it is used as component B for standby;

4) Fix the cloth between the upper and lower molds, the two ends are longer than the size of the mold, and straighten the two ends of the cloth to keep the cloth straight in the mold.

5) Quickly mix the B component obtained in step 3) with a material temperature of 70°C and the formula amount of 1,4 butanediol, water, silicone oil and triethylenediamine, and pour it into step 4) at 100°C to fix the cloth In the base plate mold;

6) After about 30 minutes in the mold, the backing plate can be ejected from the mold, and the curing condition after ejection is 100°C×15h.

Fig. 1 is a front sectional view of the backing plate prepared in this embodiment; Fig. 2 is a top view of the backing plate prepared in this embodiment.

Example 3 A-1 Screening of chain extender types

Using the raw materials of the formula shown in Table 1, the backing plate material for the rail fastener was prepared by the method shown in Example 1, and then the material and the method described in Example 2 were used to prepare the backing plate for the rail fastener. Among them, when A-1 is 1,4-butanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol and diethylene glycol, the backing plates are numbered 1#, 2 #, 3#, 4# and 5#. Then measure the dynamic and static stiffness ratio, compression set, Akron wear, thickness change rate after fatigue, static stiffness change rate after fatigue, dynamic and static stiffness ratio, and fatigue performance test methods according to Keji (2007) No. 207 of the 5 groups of backing plates. Execution; Akron wear and compression set are implemented in accordance with TB/T 2626-1995, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

The screening of embodiment 4A-4 catalyst kind

Using the raw materials of the formula shown in Table 2, the method shown in Example 1 was used to prepare the backing plate material for the rail fastener. Wherein when A-4 is respectively triethylenediamine, dimorpholine diethyl ether, N-methylimidazole, lead isooctanoate, diisobutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate, potassium acetate and phenylmercury acetate, the The prepared pad materials are sequentially numbered as 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5#, 6#, 7# and 8#. Then respectively measure the rising time/s and finger-drying time/s of the backing plate material, the rising time refers to: start counting after A component and B component are stirred and mixed well, and the time until the mixture begins to expand; finger-drying time Determination method: put the mixed raw materials at a room temperature of 23°C and a humidity of 50% for a certain period of time, then wipe the tip of the finger with anhydrous ethanol, and gently touch the samples at three different parts of the test piece. Repeat the above operation every 5s until no sample sticks to the finger. The time elapsed from the time the specimen is molded to the time when the specimen does not adhere to the finger is recorded as the finger dry time. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2

The screening of embodiment 5 B-1 polyether polyol kind

Using the raw materials of the formula shown in Table 3, the backing plate material for the rail fastener was prepared by the method shown in Example 1, and then the material and the method described in Example 2 were used to prepare the backing plate for the rail fastener. Among them, when B-1 is polyether polyol DL-1000 (Shandong Bluestar Dongda Chemical Co., Ltd.), polyether polyol DL-2000 (Shandong Bluestar Dongda Chemical Co., Ltd.), polyether polyol DL-4000 (Shandong Bluestar Dongda Chemical Co., Ltd.), polytetrahydrofuran diol 1000 (BASF Company), polytetrahydrofuran diol 2000 (BASF Company), polyether 330N EP-330N (Shandong Bluestar Dongda Chemical Co., Ltd.) and polyether For 3050MN-3050N (Shandong Bluestar Dongda Chemical Co., Ltd.), the backing plates are numbered 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5#, 6# and 7#. Then according to the method described in Example 3, the dynamic and static stiffness ratio, compression set, Acron wear, thickness change rate after fatigue, and static stiffness change rate after fatigue were measured for the seven groups of backing plates. The results are shown in Table 3.

table 3

The screening of embodiment 6 B-2 isocyanates kind

Using the raw materials of the formula shown in Table 4, the backing plate material for the rail fastener was prepared by the method shown in Example 1, and then the material and the method described in Example 2 were used to prepare the backing plate for the rail fastener. When B-2 is toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and naphthalene diisocyanate respectively, the backing plates are numbered 1#, 2#, 3# and 4# in sequence. Then according to the method described in Example 3, the dynamic and static stiffness ratio, compression set, Acron wear, thickness change rate after fatigue, and static stiffness change rate after fatigue were measured for the four groups of backing plates. The results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4

The screening of embodiment 7 water content

Using the raw materials of the formula shown in Table 5, the backing plate material for the rail fastener was prepared by the method shown in Example 1, and then the material and the method described in Example 2 were used to prepare the backing plate for the rail fastener. And the prepared pads are numbered as 1#, 2#, 3# and 4#. Then according to the method described in Example 3, the dynamic and static stiffness ratio, compression set, Acron wear, thickness change rate after fatigue, and static stiffness change rate after fatigue were measured for the four groups of backing plates, and the results are shown in Table 5.

table 5

The screening of embodiment 8 foam stabilizer content

Using the raw materials in parts by mass shown in Table 6, the backing plate material for rail fasteners was prepared by the method shown in Example 1, and then the material and the method described in Example 2 were used to prepare backing plates for rail fasteners. And number the prepared pads as 1#, 2# and 3#. Then according to the method described in Example 3, the dynamic and static stiffness ratio, compression set, Acron wear, thickness change rate after fatigue, and static stiffness change rate after fatigue were measured for the three groups of backing plates, and the results are shown in Table 6.

Table 6

The screening of embodiment 9 catalyst content

Using the raw materials of the formula shown in Table 7, the backing plate material for the rail fastener was prepared by the method shown in Example 1, and then the material and the method described in Example 2 were used to prepare the backing plate for the rail fastener. And number the prepared pads as 1#, 2# and 3#. Then, according to the method described in Example 4, the rise time and finger-dry time of the three groups of pad materials were respectively measured, and the results are shown in Table 7.

Table 7

The screening of embodiment 10 isocyanate content

Using the raw materials of the formula shown in Table 8, the backing plate material for rail fasteners was prepared by the method shown in Example 1, and then the material and the method described in Example 2 were used to prepare backing plates for rail fasteners. And number the prepared pads as 1#, 2# and 3#. Then according to the method described in Example 3, the dynamic and static stiffness ratio, compression set, Acron wear, thickness change rate after fatigue, and static stiffness change rate after fatigue were measured for the three groups of backing plates. The results are shown in Table 8.

Table 8

Example 11

Place the common backing board commonly used at present and the backing board of the present invention on the existing line and take it out after one year of use, and then observe the effects of the two backing boards. Wherein the formula of the ordinary backing plate is shown in Table 9, and its preparation process adopts one-time vulcanization molding; the backing plate of the present invention adopts the formula shown in Table 10, and is prepared according to the method shown in Example 2.

Fig. 3 is the effect diagram of the ordinary backing plate after one year of use on the existing line; Fig. 4 is the effect diagram of the backing plate of the present invention after one year of use on the existing line.

Table 9

components Mass/g SBR 150 Zinc oxide 7.5 stearic acid 1.50 Antiaging agent RD 1.5 Antiaging agent 4010 1.5 Imported silica powder 120 Carbon black N330 45 Silicon 69 4.5 sulfur 1.5 TT 0.75 CZ 3

Table 10

Embodiment 12 B component reaction time exploration experiment

According to the formulation raw materials and reaction conditions shown in Table 11, heat the formulation amount of PTMG2000 to 130°C, and vacuum dehydrate for 2 hours; keep at 130°C, directly add the formulation amount of NDI (naphthalene diisocyanate), after the system temperature reaches 130°C Start timing, and when 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 minutes (corresponding numbers are 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5#, 6#) take out 50g products from the reaction system for viscosity and different The determination of cyanate NCO content and viscosity measurement are carried out according to the method specified in GB/T12008.7-2010, and the determination of NCO content is carried out according to the method specified in GB/T12009.4-1989.

Table 11

Example 13 Exploratory experiment on the ratio of the amount of isocyanate in component B to the amount of hydroxyl in component A

According to the raw materials and formulas in Table 12, the backing plate material for rail fasteners was prepared by the method shown in Example 1, and then the backing plate for rail fasteners was prepared using the material and the method described in Example 2. And number the prepared pads as 1#, 2# and 3#. Then according to the method described in Example 3, the dynamic and static stiffness ratio, compression set, Acron wear, thickness change rate after fatigue, and static stiffness change rate after fatigue were measured for the three groups of backing plates. The results are shown in Table 12.

Table 12

Claims (10)

1. A backing plate material for rail fasteners, the backing plate material comprises or is made of component A and component B, wherein component A is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: Component B is made by reacting B-1 polyether polyol and B-2 isocyanate, wherein the isocyanate content of the B component is 1%-10% (w/w), and the isocyanate content is Refers to the remaining isocyanate content in the system after the reaction of B-1 polyether polyol and B-2 isocyanate; Wherein, the ratio of the amount of isocyanate in component B to the amount of hydroxyl in component A is 1.05-1.15. 2. The backing plate material according to claim 1, wherein the A component is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: Preferably, the A component is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: More preferably, the A component is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3. The backing material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the isocyanate content of the B component is 2%-8% (w/w), preferably 5% (w/w); Wherein, the ratio of the amount of isocyanate in component B to the amount of hydroxyl in component A is 1.05-1.10, preferably 1.05. 4. The gasket material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said A-1 is selected from one or more of alcohols with a functionality of 2; preferably, said A-1 is selected from One or more of 1,4-butanediol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and 1,4-cyclohexanediol; more preferably, the A-1 is selected from 1,4-butanediol, One or more of ethylene glycol and 1,3-propanediol; most preferably, the A-1 is 1,4-butanediol; Preferably, the A-3 is silicone oil; Preferably, the A-4 is selected from one of triethylenediamine, dimorpholine diethyl ether, N-methylimidazole, lead isooctanoate, diisobutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate and potassium acetate or more; more preferably triethylenediamine. 5. The pad material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said B-1 is selected from one or more polyether polyols with a molecular weight of 500-4000; preferably a molecular weight of 1000 - one or more of polyether polyols of 2000; more preferably, said B-1 is selected from one or more of polytetrahydrofuran diols with a molecular weight of 500-4000; further preferably, said B-1 is the polytetrahydrofuran diol that molecular weight is 2000; Preferably, the B-2 is selected from one or more of toluene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and isophorone diisocyanate; more preferably, the B-2 is naphthalene diisocyanate. 6. A preparation method of the backing material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the method comprising the steps of: 1) Heat component B-1 polyether polyol to 100-140°C, and vacuum dehydrate for 2-3 hours; 2) Keep the product obtained in step 1) at 100-140°C, add component B-2 isocyanate, the system cools down first and then heats up, and when the system temperature reaches 100-140°C, keep it for 20-60min; 3) After 20-60 minutes, the temperature of the system was lowered to 70°C to obtain component B; 4) Quickly mix component B obtained in step 3) with chain extender A-1, water A-2, foam stabilizer A-3 and catalyst A-4 to obtain the product; Preferably, the method comprises the steps of: 1) PTMG2000 (polytetrahydrofuran diol with a molecular weight of 2000) was heated to 130°C, and vacuum dehydrated for 2 hours; 2) Keep the product obtained in step 1) at 130°C, and directly add the measured NDI (naphthalene diisocyanate), the system will drop in temperature after adding, and then the system will heat up due to the exothermic reaction. When it reaches 130°C, keep it for 30 minutes; 3) After 30 minutes, the system starts to cool down, and when it drops to 70°C, it is used as component B for standby; 4) Quickly mix component B at a material temperature of 70°C with the measured 1,4-butanediol, water, silicone oil and catalyst, and the product is ready. 7. The backing plate material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used to prepare the purpose of the backing plate for rail fasteners; preferably, the backing plate is a small-radius curved backing plate; more preferably, the backing plate The interior of the panel contains a reinforcement layer, preferably a fiber reinforcement layer, more preferably a cloth. 8. A backing plate, which is prepared from the backing plate material according to any one of claims 1 to 5; preferably, the backing plate is a small-radius curved backing plate; more preferably, the The backing plate internally contains a reinforcement layer, preferably a fiber reinforcement layer, more preferably a cloth. 9. The underlayment according to claim 8, wherein the reinforcing layer exists in the interior of the underlayment in a discontinuous or continuous manner in the transverse or longitudinal direction; preferably, the reinforcing layer exists in the transverse or longitudinal continuous distribution Inside the pad. 10. A method for preparing the backing plate according to claim 8 or 9, the method comprising: pouring the backing plate material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 into the temperature of 70-120 ℃, preferably 100 ℃ in the backing plate mold, keep 30min, out of the mold, at 70-120 ℃, preferably 100 ℃, curing 12-16h, preferably 15h, that is.