CN105900803A - Transplanted plant water requirement self-circulation supply device and method - Google Patents
Transplanted plant water requirement self-circulation supply device and method Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 22
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000422846 Sequoiadendron giganteum Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
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Abstract
本发明提供一种移栽植物需水量自循环供应装置及方法，包括吸水纤维棒和导流纤维棒，吸水纤维棒的上部通过导流纤维棒互相连接。确定移栽植物基坑开挖直径和开挖深度；将导流纤维棒和吸水纤维棒置入基坑后连接成整体，导流纤维棒与吸水纤维棒连接处用纤维材料填充连接；回填种植土部分掩埋吸水纤维棒；五、将移栽植物放置基坑内，继续回填种植土后捣实；通过以上步骤，实现移栽植物需水量自循环供应。在干旱季节，通过吸水纤维棒的毛细作用把深部土壤的水分迁移到移栽植物的根系周边，不需要每天进行人工浇灌，减少了维护的人力成本。在暴雨季节，利用吸水纤维棒内的排水管将多余雨水导入深部土壤，减少雨水过多导致的烂根现象。
The invention provides a self-circulating supply device and method for water demand of transplanted plants, comprising water-absorbing fiber rods and flow-guiding fiber rods, and the upper parts of the water-absorbing fiber rods are connected to each other through the flow-guiding fiber rods. Determine the excavation diameter and depth of the foundation pit for transplanting plants; place the diversion fiber rods and water-absorbing fiber rods into the foundation pit and connect them as a whole, and fill the connection between the diversion fiber rods and the water-absorbing fiber rods with fiber materials; backfill planting Partially bury the water-absorbing fiber rods in the soil; 5. Place the transplanted plants in the foundation pit, continue to backfill the planting soil and compact them; through the above steps, the self-circulating supply of water demanded by the transplanted plants can be realized. In the dry season, through the capillary action of the water-absorbing fiber sticks, the water in the deep soil is transferred to the surroundings of the root system of the transplanted plants, and manual watering is not required every day, which reduces the labor cost of maintenance. In the rainy season, use the drainage pipe in the water-absorbing fiber rod to guide excess rainwater into the deep soil to reduce root rot caused by excessive rain.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及土木工程的淤泥处理领域，特别是一种移栽植物需水量自循环供应装置及方法。 The invention relates to the field of sludge treatment in civil engineering, in particular to a self-circulating supply device and method for water demand of transplanted plants.
背景技术 Background technique
树木特别是大规模的乔木，具有能在短期内提高绿地景观的价值，在城市绿化中起着举足轻重的作用，是城市绿化的主打产品，直接关系到城市的绿化成效。树木生成大树都需要几十年龄期，用正确的方法移栽大树，可以缩短绿地建设周期。现有的技术已能初步满足大树移栽，但因后期护理方法和经验不尽相同，存活率还亟待大幅提升。其中，后期浇灌护理是十分关键的环节，它是大树移栽成败的控制性因素。众所周知，植物蒸腾作用需经由根系吸收大量水分，对于大树尤其显著。当前，主要通过人工引水在树根周围从上往下浇灌，该方法不仅增加维护成本，还不能实时掌握根系的动态需水信息。实际上，植物生长的需水量随季节而动态变化，若浇灌不及时会影响植物生长，甚至引起植物凋零枯萎；若浇水过量或者降雨量过大而不能及时下渗则会导致烂根现象。现有技术中尚无较好的解决方案。 Trees, especially large-scale arbors, have the value of improving the green landscape in a short period of time, and play a pivotal role in urban greening. They are the main products of urban greening and are directly related to the effectiveness of urban greening. It takes dozens of years for trees to grow into big trees. Using the correct method to transplant big trees can shorten the green space construction period. The existing technology can initially meet the needs of large tree transplanting, but due to the different post-care methods and experience, the survival rate still needs to be greatly improved. Among them, post-watering care is a very critical link, and it is a controlling factor for the success or failure of tree transplanting. It is well known that plant transpiration needs to absorb a large amount of water through the root system, especially for large trees. At present, water is mainly poured from top to bottom around the roots by artificial water diversion. This method not only increases maintenance costs, but also cannot grasp the dynamic water demand information of the root system in real time. In fact, the water demand for plant growth changes dynamically with the seasons. If the watering is not timely, it will affect the growth of the plants, and even cause the plants to wither and wither; if the watering is excessive or the rainfall is too large and cannot infiltrate in time, it will cause root rot. There is still no better solution in the prior art.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种移栽植物需水量自循环供应装置及方法，能够实现水分均匀湿润根系周围土壤，按照大气蒸发蒸腾规律而动态地给移栽植物供给水分。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a self-circulating water supply device and method for transplanted plants, which can evenly moisten the soil around the root system with water, and dynamically supply water to transplanted plants according to the law of atmospheric evaporation and transpiration.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种移栽植物需水量自循环供应装置，包括吸水纤维棒和导流纤维棒，吸水纤维棒的上部通过导流纤维棒互相连接。 In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a self-circulating supply device for water demand of transplanted plants, including water-absorbing fiber rods and flow-guiding fiber rods, the upper parts of the water-absorbing fiber rods are connected to each other through the flow-guiding fiber rods.
所述的吸水纤维棒内设有至少一根排水管。 At least one drainage pipe is arranged inside the water-absorbing fiber rod.
所述的排水管内径为0.5~1.5cm。 The internal diameter of the drain pipe is 0.5-1.5 cm.
吸水纤维棒和导流纤维棒之外包覆有透水抗压网。 Water-absorbing fiber rods and flow-guiding fiber rods are covered with water-permeable and pressure-resistant nets.
所述的透水抗压网为网孔直径小于0.5cm的不锈钢网。 The permeable and pressure-resistant net is a stainless steel net with a mesh diameter less than 0.5 cm.
所述的吸水纤维棒顶端或底端设有防堵网片。 The top or bottom of the water-absorbing fiber rod is provided with an anti-blocking mesh.
所述的防堵网为钢丝网或陶瓷微孔板。 The anti-blocking net is steel wire net or ceramic microporous plate.
防堵网的孔径小于0.002mm。 The aperture of the anti-blocking net is less than 0.002mm.
吸水纤维棒或导流纤维棒由吸水性纤维布卷绕而成； Water-absorbing fiber rods or flow-guiding fiber rods are wound from water-absorbing fiber cloth;
或者吸水纤维棒或导流纤维棒由吸水性纤维集束而成。 Or the water-absorbing fiber rod or the flow-guiding fiber rod is bundled by water-absorbing fibers.
一种采用上述的装置使移栽植物需水量自循环供应的方法，包括以下步骤： A method for adopting the above-mentioned device to make the water demand of transplanted plants self-circulating supply, comprising the following steps:
一、确定移栽植物基坑开挖直径和开挖深度； 1. Determine the excavation diameter and excavation depth of the foundation pit for transplanting plants;
二、根据开挖直径和开挖深度制备导流纤维棒和吸水纤维棒； 2. Prepare diversion fiber rods and water-absorbing fiber rods according to the excavation diameter and depth of excavation;
三、将导流纤维棒和吸水纤维棒置入基坑后连接成整体，导流纤维棒与吸水纤维棒连接处用纤维材料填充连接； 3. Put the diversion fiber rods and water-absorbing fiber rods into the foundation pit and connect them as a whole, and fill the connection between the diversion fiber rods and the water-absorbing fiber rods with fiber materials;
四、回填种植土部分掩埋吸水纤维棒； 4. Backfill the planting soil and partially bury the water-absorbing fiber rods;
五、将移栽植物放置基坑内，继续回填种植土后捣实； 5. Place the transplanted plants in the foundation pit, continue to backfill the planting soil and compact it;
通过以上步骤，实现移栽植物需水量自循环供应。 Through the above steps, the self-circulating supply of water demanded by transplanted plants is realized.
本发明通过采用以上的结构和方法，具有以下的有益效果： The present invention has the following beneficial effects by adopting the above structure and method:
1、在干旱季节，通过吸水纤维棒的毛细作用把深部土壤的水分迁移到移栽植物的根系周边，不需要每天进行人工浇灌，减少了维护的人力成本。 1. In the dry season, through the capillary action of the water-absorbing fiber rod, the moisture in the deep soil is transferred to the surroundings of the root system of the transplanted plant, and manual watering is not required every day, which reduces the labor cost of maintenance.
2、在暴雨季节，利用吸水纤维棒内的排水管将多余雨水导入深部土壤，减少雨水过多导致的烂根现象。 2. In the rainy season, use the drainage pipe in the water-absorbing fiber rod to guide excess rainwater into the deep soil to reduce root rot caused by excessive rain.
3、使根系周围水分均匀赋存，确保水分大体处于适宜生长的范围内。 3. Make the water around the root system evenly store, and ensure that the water is generally in the range suitable for growth.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施方式对本发明作进一步说明： The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:
图1为本发明装置的施工示意图。 Fig. 1 is the construction schematic diagram of device of the present invention.
图2为本发明装置的俯视示意图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the device of the present invention.
图3为图1的A-A剖视示意图。 FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view along line A-A of FIG. 1 .
图中：导流纤维棒1，防堵网2，吸水纤维棒3，透水抗压网31，吸水纤维层32，排水管33，移栽植物4。 In the figure: guide fiber rod 1, anti-blocking net 2, water-absorbing fiber rod 3, water-permeable pressure-resistant net 31, water-absorbing fiber layer 32, drainage pipe 33, and transplanted plants 4.
具体实施方式 detailed description
实施例1： Example 1:
如图1~3中，一种移栽植物需水量自循环供应装置，包括吸水纤维棒3和导流纤维棒1，吸水纤维棒3的上部通过导流纤维棒1互相连接。由此结构，导流纤维棒1能够通过毛细作用将地下水迁移至移栽植物4的根系附近。设置的导流纤维棒1有利于使水分绕着移栽植物4的根系均匀分布。所述吸水纤维棒的直径及分布密度根据移栽植物蒸腾所需水量确定，且不应阻挡植物根系的正常生长。 As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a self-circulating water supply device for transplanted plants includes water-absorbing fiber rods 3 and flow-guiding fiber rods 1, and the upper parts of the water-absorbing fiber rods 3 are connected to each other through the flow-guiding fiber rods 1. With this structure, the water-guiding fiber rod 1 can migrate groundwater to the vicinity of the root system of the transplanted plant 4 through capillary action. The set guide fiber rod 1 is beneficial to evenly distribute the water around the root system of the transplanted plant 4 . The diameter and distribution density of the water-absorbing fiber rods are determined according to the amount of water required for transpiration of transplanted plants, and should not block the normal growth of plant roots.
如图3中，所述的吸水纤维棒3内设有至少一根排水管33。优选的，所述的排水管33内径为0.5~1.5cm。进一步优选的，排水管33采用PVC管，PVC管的孔径及密度根据当地气象水文情况确定，若当地经常有暴雨则孔径和分布密度应适当增大。 As shown in FIG. 3 , at least one drain pipe 33 is provided inside the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 . Preferably, the inner diameter of the drain pipe 33 is 0.5-1.5 cm. Further preferably, the drainage pipe 33 is made of a PVC pipe, and the aperture and density of the PVC pipe are determined according to the local meteorological and hydrological conditions. If there is often heavy rain in the local area, the aperture and distribution density should be appropriately increased.
如图3中，吸水纤维棒3和导流纤维棒1之外包覆有透水抗压网31。所述的透水抗压网31为网孔直径小于0.5cm的不锈钢网。设置的透水抗压网31能够保护吸水纤维棒3和导流纤维棒1，避免应受到土壤压力而变形，影响吸水的效率。 As shown in FIG. 3 , the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 and the flow-guiding fiber rod 1 are covered with a water-permeable pressure-resistant net 31 . The water-permeable and pressure-resistant net 31 is a stainless steel net with a mesh diameter less than 0.5 cm. The water-permeable and pressure-resistant net 31 provided can protect the water-absorbing fiber rods 3 and the flow-guiding fiber rods 1, avoiding deformation due to soil pressure and affecting the water-absorbing efficiency.
如图1中，所述的吸水纤维棒3顶端或底端设有防堵网片2。所述的防堵网2为钢丝网或陶瓷微孔板。优选的，防堵网2的孔径小于0.002mm。所述防堵钢丝网孔径根据上覆土体粒径确定。应保证水分能通过而土颗粒不能通过。 As shown in FIG. 1 , the top or bottom of the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 is provided with an anti-blocking mesh 2 . The anti-blocking net 2 is a steel wire net or a ceramic microporous plate. Preferably, the pore diameter of the anti-blocking net 2 is less than 0.002mm. The pore size of the anti-blocking steel mesh is determined according to the particle size of the overlying soil. It should be ensured that water can pass through and soil particles cannot pass through.
优选的方案中，吸水纤维棒3或导流纤维棒1由吸水性纤维布卷绕而成； In a preferred solution, the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 or the flow-guiding fiber rod 1 is formed by winding water-absorbing fiber cloth;
或者吸水纤维棒3或导流纤维棒1由吸水性纤维集束而成。进一步优选的方案中，吸水纤维棒3由吸水性纤维布卷绕而成，PVC的排水管被卷绕在吸水性纤维布内；导流纤维棒1采用吸水性纤维集束而成。吸水纤维棒和导流纤维棒内填充的纤维需孔隙分布适中，毛细作用能力强。 Alternatively, the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 or the flow-guiding fiber rod 1 is bundled by water-absorbing fibers. In a further preferred solution, the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 is formed by winding water-absorbing fiber cloth, and the PVC drainage pipe is wound in the water-absorbing fiber cloth; the flow-guiding fiber rod 1 is formed by bundling water-absorbing fiber. The fibers filled in the water-absorbing fiber rods and flow-guiding fiber rods must have moderate pore distribution and strong capillary action.
实施例2： Example 2:
一种采用上述的装置使移栽植物需水量自循环供应的方法，包括以下步骤： A method for adopting the above-mentioned device to make the water demand of transplanted plants self-circulating supply, comprising the following steps:
一、根据移栽地工程和气象水文条件，结合土壤含水量及地下水埋藏深度，确定移栽植物4基坑开挖直径和开挖深度；优选的方案中，所述的吸水纤维棒3下端位于地下水上部1m±0.1m的包气带水中。 1. According to the transplanting site engineering and meteorological and hydrological conditions, combined with soil water content and groundwater burial depth, determine the excavation diameter and excavation depth of the transplanted plant 4 foundation pit; in the preferred scheme, the lower end of the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 is located at Water in the vadose zone 1m±0.1m above the groundwater.
二、根据开挖直径和开挖深度制备导流纤维棒1和吸水纤维棒3； 2. Prepare the diversion fiber rod 1 and the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 according to the excavation diameter and excavation depth;
将底部的防堵网2，优选钢丝网和吸水纤维棒3表层的不锈钢材质的透水抗压网31以及导流纤维棒1的不锈钢材质的透水抗压网31焊接，焊接处涂抹防锈漆；或者将陶瓷微孔板镶嵌固定在吸水纤维棒3表层的透水抗压网31底部。 The anti-blocking net 2 at the bottom, the permeable pressure-resistant net 31 of the stainless steel material of the preferred steel wire mesh and the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 surface layer and the permeable pressure-resistant net 31 of the stainless steel material of the flow-guiding fiber rod 1 are welded, and the welding place is smeared with anti-rust paint; Or the ceramic microporous plate is embedded and fixed on the bottom of the water-permeable pressure-resistant net 31 on the surface of the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 .
用高吸水性纤维布按照设计尺寸卷成圆柱状纤维棒，并将3根PVC材质的排水管33包裹其中；外部用透水抗压网31包裹固定；排水管33用防堵网2固定密封； Use high water-absorbent fiber cloth to roll into a cylindrical fiber rod according to the designed size, and wrap three PVC drainage pipes 33 in it; the outside is wrapped and fixed with a water-permeable anti-pressure net 31; the drainage pipe 33 is fixed and sealed with an anti-blocking net 2;
吸水纤维棒3和导流纤维棒1连接处用纤维材料填充连接。 The connection between the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 and the flow-guiding fiber rod 1 is filled with fiber material.
三、将导流纤维棒1和吸水纤维棒3置入基坑后连接成整体，导流纤维棒1与吸水纤维棒3连接处用纤维材料填充连接； 3. Put the diversion fiber rod 1 and the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 into the foundation pit and connect them as a whole, and fill the connection between the diversion fiber rod 1 and the water-absorbing fiber rod 3 with fiber materials;
四、回填种植土部分掩埋吸水纤维棒3；优选的整个装置附近的空间尽量用松散的砂性土回填，便于水分入渗以免堵塞；掩埋高度位于靠近吸水纤维棒3顶部的1/3处。 Four, backfill the planting soil and partially bury the water-absorbing fiber rod 3; the space near the preferred whole device is backfilled with loose sandy soil as far as possible, so as to facilitate water infiltration and avoid blockage; the buried height is located at 1/3 of the top of the water-absorbing fiber rod 3.
五、将移栽植物4放置基坑内，继续回填种植土后捣实； 5. Place the transplanted plant 4 in the foundation pit, continue to backfill the planting soil and compact it;
通过以上步骤，实现移栽植物需水量自循环供应。 Through the above steps, the self-circulating supply of water demanded by transplanted plants is realized.
本发明在移栽树木时同时埋置吸水纤维棒及导流纤维棒。根系周围水分不足时，吸水纤维棒在毛细作用下能从地下水附近的包气带水中吸取水分供植物蒸腾需要；根系周边水分富余时，为避免烂根，多余的水能通过防堵网2沿着PVC材质的排水管33导入底部土壤存储。导流纤维棒能保证根系四周的水分均匀，使植物生长具有依据季节动态调控蓄水量的自循环功能。 The invention embeds water-absorbing fiber rods and flow-guiding fiber rods at the same time when trees are transplanted. When the water around the root system is insufficient, the water-absorbing fiber rod can absorb water from the aerated zone water near the groundwater under the capillary action for plant transpiration; when the water around the root system is surplus, in order to avoid root rot, the excess water can pass through the anti-blocking net The drainage pipe 33 of PVC material is imported into the bottom soil for storage. The diversion fiber rod can ensure uniform water around the root system, so that plant growth has the self-circulation function of dynamically regulating the water storage according to the season.
上述的实施例仅为本发明的优选技术方案，而不应视为对于本发明的限制，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征在不冲突的情况下，可以相互任意组合。本发明的保护范围应以权利要求记载的技术方案，包括权利要求记载的技术方案中技术特征的等同替换方案为保护范围。即在此范围内的等同替换改进，也在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined arbitrarily with each other if there is no conflict. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solution described in the claims, including equivalent replacements for the technical features in the technical solution described in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement and improvement within this range are also within the protection scope of the present invention.
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