CN1058804A - 可流动和可泵抽取的液态表面活性剂浓缩物 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
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Abstract
此浓缩液主要由50-80％(重量)的水、5-30％
(重量)的式R1-O(G)n表示的烷基苷(式中R1代表
8-22个碳原子的烷基，G为葡糖单元，n为1-10)；
3-20％(重量)的式R2-O-SO3X表示的表面活性的
硫酸长链烷基酯(式中R2代表12-22个碳原子的烷
基，X为碱金属离子或铵离子)和1-15％(重量)的式
R3-OSO3Y表示的硫酸短链烷基酯(式中R3代表
6-10个碳原子，Y代表碱金属离子或铵离子)组成。
该表面活性剂混合物作为贮存稳定的、可流动和可泵
抽取的预混合物，最好用于制备洗涤剂或去垢剂。
Description
本发明涉及由烷基苷、硫酸长链烷基酯、硫酸短链烷基和必要时还由脂肪醇乙氧基化物组成的、作为可流动和可泵抽的、稳定的液体表面活性剂浓缩混合物，以及涉及将其用作制备液体的洗涤剂和去垢剂的预混合物。
具有长链烷基的烷基苷属于早已被人知的非离子型表面活性剂，专家内行也知道（例如A.M.Schwartz，J.W.Perry在“表面活性剂”一书Vol.I，Interscience出版社，1949，第372页所述），表面活性剂混合物通常有增效作用，其去垢性能比单个成分的作用要好。
欧洲专利EP070074叙述了一些洗涤剂，这些洗涤剂含有至少与一种常规用的阴离子型表面活性剂混合的烷基苷。在欧洲专利EP092877中也已知含有烷基苷和阴离子表面活性剂的洗涤剂。在欧洲专利EP105556中还已知有液体洗涤剂，它含有烷基苷、其它某些非离子型表面活性剂和阴离子型表面活性剂。由国际专利WO86/02943中已知含有常规的阴离子表面活性剂和烷基苷的液体洗涤剂。
在制备液体洗涤剂和去垢剂时，通常把各个组分作为可流动的溶液加入，该溶液各含有一种物质或者作为预混合物，即所谓复合 物，由多种在现成制剂中的普通物质组成。为了混合成现成制剂所规定的成分应有尽可能高的有效物质含量，同时应易于处理，即应尽可能是能流动的，易于泵抽的，并有尽可能高的贮存稳定性。正常情况下烷基苷为高粘度的糊状物。
本发明的基本任务是从烷基苷糊状物研制出一种贮存稳定的、液态的、可流动和可泵抽的表面活性剂混合物。
此任务是通过由一定量的烷基苷、硫酸长链烷基酯形式的合成阴离子型表面活性剂和硫酸短链烷基酯组成的水混合物来解决的。
本发明范围的“长链”化合物是指含12个或更多的碳原子的脂族化合物，可以是直链的或有一个或多个支链的，因此最长的碳原子链也可能比12个碳短些。本发明范围内的“短链”化合物是指最多为10个碳原子的化合物，而与分支程度无关。
本发明混合物是水混合物，主要由以下成分组成：
50-80%（重量）水，最好是55-70%（重量）水;
5-30%（重量）的式Ⅰ烷基苷，最好是10-25%（重量）的烷基苷
式中R1为8-22个碳原子的烷基，G为葡糖单元，n为1-10;
3-20%（重量）式Ⅱ的表面活性硫酸长链烷基酯，最好是含有5-15%（重量），
式中R2为12-22个碳原子的烷基，X代表碱金属离子或铵离 子，和
1-15%（重量）的式Ⅲ的硫酸短链烷基酯，最好是2-10%（重量），
式中R3为6-10个碳原子的烷基，Y代表碱金属离子或铵离子。
本发明的表面活性剂混合物最好还含有10-20%（重量）、特别是12-18%（重量）的式Ⅳ的乙氧基化的醇。
式中R代表10-22个碳原子的烷基，p为1-20，特别是3-10。
适合于本发明的表面活性剂混合物的烷基苷及其制法例如在欧洲专利EP92355，EP301298，EP357969和EP362671或美国专利US3547828中作了说明。这种烷基苷的苷组分（式Ⅰ中（G）n）涉及由天然存在的醛糖单体或酮糖单体构成的低聚物或聚合物，属于这些醛糖单体或酮糖单体尤其有葡萄糖，甘露糖，果糖，半乳糖，塔罗糖，古罗糖，阿卓糖，阿洛糖，艾杜糖，核糖，阿拉伯糖，木糖和来苏糖。由这样的苷连结的单体所组成的低聚物的特征除被其所含糖的种类所决定外，还由其数目即所谓的低聚度所决定。低聚度（式Ⅰ的n）作为分析确定的大小一般采用分数值，范围为1-10，加入的烷基苷n值较好为1.5以下，特别是1.2-1.4。葡萄糖因为容易得到是最好的单体。
在本发明的表面活性剂混合物中含有的烷基苷的烷基部分（式Ⅰ中的R1）最好也是来自容易得到的生长出的原料的衍生物，特别是来自脂肪醇类，即使是它们的支链异构体，特别是所谓的羰基合成醇，也可用来制备可利用的烷基苷。因此，特别有用的是具有直链的辛基、癸基、十二烷基、十四烷基、十六烷基或十八烷基的伯醇及其混合物。特别适宜的烷基苷含有椰子油烷基，也就是说，主要是R1＝十二烷基和R1＝十四烷基的混合物。
烷基苷可含有在制备条件下少量例如1-2%未反应的游离长链醇，这对制备出的表面活性剂混合物的性质没有不利影响。
适合于加在本发明的表面活性剂混合物中的硫酸长链烷基酯，可考虑直链醇或支链醇的硫酸化产物。特别适宜的是有12-22个碳原子的脂肪醇衍生物，尤其是12-16个碳原子的脂肪醇衍生物。这样的硫酸烷基很久以来就知道是很有效的阴离子型表面活性剂。
适宜的硫酸短链烷基酯是含有6-10个碳原子的直链醇或支链醇的硫酸化产物，最好是有8-10碳原子的直链醇的衍生物。众所周知，这样的硫酸烷基酯不具有或只有微弱的表面活性剂作用。
硫酸烷基酯可用已知的方法制备，即将相应的长链或短链的醇与常规的硫酸化试剂反应、特别是与三氧化硫或氯磺酸反应，然后进行中和，最好是用碱金属碱、铵碱或烷基或羟烷基取代的胺碱进行中和。
适合加入到本发明混合物中的乙氧基化合物是具有10-22个碳原子的直链或支链醇的衍生物，最好是具有12至16个碳原子的直链或支链醇衍生物。醇的乙氧基化度（式Ⅳ中的p）在1-20之间，最好是3-10。它们可用已知的方法将相应的醇与环氧乙烷反应来制取。
制备本发明的表面活性剂混合物毫无困难。可毫无问题地通过简单混合各个成份而得到，各个成分可作为本身或最好是在水溶液中存在。
本发明混合物具有低粘度、易流动和可泵抽性以及贮存稳定性高的特征。本发明的混合物的粘度一般在20-7000mpa.s之间。一般在碱性PH值，大约是9.8-10.5，不过可以加入常规酸，尤其是加入柠檬酸，进行充分的中和，直到弱酸性的PH值而不会失去其优越的性能。本发明混合物在温度大约1℃-45℃间存放较长时间（至少30日）质量稳定。
被看作本发明混合物另一未料到的优点是通过加入一些化合物改善了表面活性的硫酸烷基酯-烷基苷糊的流变性能，这些化合物尽管它们的表面活性很小，但加入到最终产物中对烷基苷糊状物的重要性质，如去垢能力和起泡沫能力均无不利影响。
本发明混合物可直接应用或用水稀释后用于工业生产，例如作浮选助剂或钻孔冲洗剂。然而最好是用作制备液态洗涤剂和去垢剂的预混合物。属于液态洗涤剂和去垢剂的，尤其有轻效洗涤剂、洗毛剂和器皿冲洗剂，还有香波。这些制剂可用简便方法将本混合物用水稀释到所希望的有效成分的浓度制得。这些制剂中可加入其它的常用成分，特别是增效剂，如沸石，层状硅酸盐（Schichtsilikate），抗腐蚀剂，漂白剂，漂白活化剂，荧光增白剂，酶，防再污染剂，抗菌有效物质，可与水相混的溶剂，磨蚀剂，泡沫稳定剂，防腐剂。PH调节剂，着色剂，香料以及别的表面活性剂。
实施例
实施例1
通过作为水溶液存在的成分的简单混合，制成下表1中以其组成表征的本发明表面活性剂混合物M1至M7和对照试验中所使用的制剂V1和V2。
A：C12/14-烷基葡糖苷，低聚合度1.4
B：Na-C12/14-烷基硫酸酯（Texapon 
LS35，Henkel制造厂）
C：Na-C8-烷基硫酸酯（Texapon 
842，Henkel制造厂）
D：C1-18-醇，7倍乙氧基化（Eumulgin 
W07，Henker制造厂）
本发明的表面活性剂混合物M1-M7具有PH值为9.8-10.5，在10%（重量）水溶液中其PH为8.5-9.9。
表2：粘度（20℃，按Hoppler落球粘度计测定）
粘度（20℃） 光学现象 光学现象
（mpa.s） （室温） （1℃）
M1 465 澄清液体 澄清液体
M2 190 ″″ ″″
M3 1370 ″″ ″″
M4 570 ″″ ″″
M5 6380 ″″ ″″
M6 35 ″″ ″″
M7 880 ″″ ″″
V1 161325 ″″ 固体物质
V2 169925 ″″ ″″
将本发明混合物M1-M7的试样于1℃或10℃下各存放30天，测定其稠度不变。于40℃存放30天以上，多数情况出现轻度混浊，冷却到室温时混浊又消失。若加入少量柠檬酸将本发明混合物调节到PH值为6.0-8.8，其粘度无明显改变，则能于高达45℃的温度下存放而无稠度变化。
Claims (8)
1、含有烷基苷和合成的阴离子型表面活性剂的可流动和可泵抽的表面活性剂水混合物，其特征是，主要由以下成分组成：
50%-80%(重量)水，
5-30%(重量)的式I的烷基苷
式中R1为8-22个碳原子的烷基，G为葡糖单元，n为1-10，
3-20%(重量)的式II表示的表面活性的硫酸长链烷基酯
式中R2为12-22个碳原子的烷基，X为碱金属离子或铵离子，和
1-15%(重量)的式Ⅲ表示的硫酸短链烷基酯
式中R3代表6-10个碳原子的烷基，Y代表碱金属离子或铵离子。
2、按权利要求1的表面活性剂混合物，其特征是，含有55-70%（重量）的水，10-25%（重量）的式Ⅰ所示的烷基苷，5-15%（重量）的式Ⅱ所示的硫酸长链烷基酯和2-10%（重量）的式Ⅲ所示的硫酸短链烷基酯;
3、按权利要求1或2的表面活性剂混合物，其特征是，还含有10-20%（重量），特别是12-18%（重量）的式Ⅳ所示的乙氧基化的醇
式中R4为10-22个碳原子的烷基，特别是12-16个碳原子的烷基，P代表1-20，特别是3-10;
4、按权利要求1-3中的一项所述的表面活性剂混合物，其特征是，式Ⅰ的烷基苷的低聚合度n低于1.5，最好是1.2-1.4;
5、按权利要求1-4中的一项所述的表面活性剂混合物，其特征是，式Ⅰ的烷基苷是烷基葡糖苷;
6、按权利要求1-5中的一项所述的表面活性剂混合物，其特征是，式Ⅱ表示的硫酸长链烷基酯的烷基R2具有12-18个碳原子;
7、按权利要求1-6中的一项所述的表面活性剂混合物，其特征是，式Ⅲ表示的硫酸短链烷基酯的烷基R3具有8-10个碳原子;
8、将按权利要求1-7中的一项所述的表面活性剂混合物用作制备液态洗涤剂和去垢剂的、贮有稳定的、可流动和可泵抽取的预混合物。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4025065A DE4025065A1 (de) | 1990-08-08 | 1990-08-08 | Fluessiges, giess- und pumpfaehiges tensidkonzentrat |
| DEP4025065.2 | 1990-08-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1058804A true CN1058804A (zh) | 1992-02-19 |
Family
ID=6411812
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN91105417A Pending CN1058804A (zh) | 1990-08-08 | 1991-08-07 | 可流动和可泵抽取的液态表面活性剂浓缩物 |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0542801B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH05509347A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1058804A (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE107956T1 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9106754A (zh) |
| DE (2) | DE4025065A1 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2055994T3 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX9100568A (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2056458C1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1992002604A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105062705A (zh) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江赞宇科技股份有限公司 | 一种无水乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐浓缩物及其制备方法与装置 |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2667865B1 (fr) * | 1990-10-12 | 1992-12-11 | Saint Gobain Isover | Resine phenolique, procede de preparation de la resine et composition d'encollage de fibres minerales la contenant. |
| DE4117689A1 (de) * | 1991-05-29 | 1992-12-03 | Henkel Kgaa | Fluessige, giess- und pumpfaehige tensidzubereitung |
| TW211595B (zh) * | 1991-12-07 | 1993-08-21 | Hoechst Ag | |
| CA2127255A1 (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1993-10-28 | Gerhard Wolf | Method for the preparation of alkyl glycosides and their use |
| NZ247676A (en) * | 1992-06-08 | 1995-04-27 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Anionic surfactant compositions containing alkyl sulphates as viscosity modifiers; hair shampoo |
| DE4236506A1 (de) * | 1992-10-29 | 1994-05-05 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung wäßriger Lösungen anionischer Tenside mit verbesserter Kältestabilität |
| EP0916719A3 (en) * | 1992-11-03 | 1999-07-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleaning with short-chain surfactants |
| EP0616026A1 (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1994-09-21 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated cleaning compositions |
| EP0616027A1 (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1994-09-21 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated cleaning compositions |
| JPH09503012A (ja) * | 1993-09-20 | 1997-03-25 | ザ、プロクター、エンド、ギャンブル、カンパニー | 改善されたクリーニング性能を有する増粘水性洗剤組成物 |
| DE4344991A1 (de) * | 1993-12-30 | 1995-07-06 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Verfahren zur Umwandlung hexagonal flüssig-kristalliner wäßriger Tensidphasen |
| DE69429256T2 (de) * | 1994-07-18 | 2002-08-08 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY, CINCINNATI | Eine stabile konzentrierte Vormischung und ihre Verwendung zur Herstellung von wässrigen Waschmittelzusammensetzungen |
| DE69629725T2 (de) * | 1995-05-19 | 2004-06-17 | Bridgestone Corp. | Lichtwellenleiterrohr |
| US5866530A (en) * | 1995-11-25 | 1999-02-02 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Non-aqueous liquid mixtures of alkyl polyglycoside and alkyl polyalkylene glycol ether useful in various detergent applications |
| EP0916718A1 (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 1999-05-19 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleaning and disinfecting compositions |
| DE19908563C2 (de) * | 1999-02-27 | 2002-11-14 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Reinigungsmittel für harte Oberflächen |
| BR112015032776B1 (pt) * | 2013-07-03 | 2020-08-18 | Basf Se | Misturas de compostos e de álcoois, processos para a preparação de uma mistura de compostos e para a limpeza de superfícies duras ou fibras, uso de misturas de compostos, e, formulação aquosa |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU556758B2 (en) * | 1981-07-13 | 1986-11-20 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Foaming compositions based on alkylpolysaccharide |
| US4483787A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1984-11-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated aqueous detergent compositions |
| DE3838808A1 (de) * | 1988-11-17 | 1990-05-23 | Henkel Kgaa | Wasch- und reinigungsmittel, enthaltend ein tensidgemisch aus alkylglykosiden und aniontensiden |
-
1990
- 1990-08-08 DE DE4025065A patent/DE4025065A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-07-31 EP EP91913983A patent/EP0542801B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-07-31 RU RU9193004849A patent/RU2056458C1/ru active
- 1991-07-31 JP JP3513139A patent/JPH05509347A/ja active Pending
- 1991-07-31 BR BR919106754A patent/BR9106754A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-07-31 WO PCT/EP1991/001436 patent/WO1992002604A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1991-07-31 ES ES91913983T patent/ES2055994T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-07-31 DE DE59102082T patent/DE59102082D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-07-31 AT AT91913983T patent/ATE107956T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-08-07 MX MX9100568A patent/MX9100568A/es unknown
- 1991-08-07 CN CN91105417A patent/CN1058804A/zh active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105062705A (zh) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江赞宇科技股份有限公司 | 一种无水乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐浓缩物及其制备方法与装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2055994T3 (es) | 1994-09-01 |
| EP0542801A1 (de) | 1993-05-26 |
| EP0542801B1 (de) | 1994-06-29 |
| DE59102082D1 (de) | 1994-08-04 |
| MX9100568A (es) | 1992-04-01 |
| BR9106754A (pt) | 1993-06-29 |
| JPH05509347A (ja) | 1993-12-22 |
| WO1992002604A1 (de) | 1992-02-20 |
| DE4025065A1 (de) | 1992-02-13 |
| RU2056458C1 (ru) | 1996-03-20 |
| ATE107956T1 (de) | 1994-07-15 |
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