CN1058424A - 可流动和可泵抽的液态表面活性剂浓缩物 - Google Patents
可流动和可泵抽的液态表面活性剂浓缩物 Download PDFInfo
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- 229950007031 palmidrol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HXYVTAGFYLMHSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitoyl ethanolamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCO HXYVTAGFYLMHSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/835—Mixtures of non-ionic with cationic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/86—Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
- C11D1/526—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 are polyalkoxylated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
此浓缩物主要由30—70％(重量)水，15—50％
(重量)式R1-O(G)n所示的烷基苷(式中R1为有8
至22碳原子的烷基，G为葡糖跑元和n为在1和10
之间的一个数)，3—25％(重量)式R2—CO—NH
(CH2CH2O)p-H所示的乙氧基化酰胺(式中R2为
有7至21个碳原子的烷基和P为在3和11之间的
一个数)和必要时，还由10—20％(重量)式R3—O—
SO3X所示的硫酸烷基酯(式中R3为有8至22个碳
原子的烷基和X为碱金属离子或铵离子)组成。此
表面活性剂混合物最好用作生产洗涤剂和去垢剂的、
能流动和可泵抽的、贮存稳定的预混合物。
Description
本发明涉及由烷基苷、乙氧基酰胺和必要时还由硫酸烷基脂组成的、作为可流动和可泵抽的、稳定的液体表面活性剂浓缩混合物，以及涉及将其用作制备液态洗涤剂和去垢剂的预混合物。
具有长链烷基的烷基苷属于非离子型表面活性剂，这是很久以来就为人所知的。专业人员同样知道（例如在A.M.Schwartz，J.W.Perry发表的“表面活性剂”第1卷，Interscience出版社，1949年，第372页中所述），表面活性剂混合物通常具有增效作用，其去垢性能比单组分表面活性剂的去垢性能好。
在欧洲专利申请EP070076中叙述了一些液体剂，这些液体制剂含有至少与一种普通阴离了型表面活性剂及一种链烷醇酰胺混合的烷基苷。从欧洲专利申请EP216301还知道一些液态去垢剂，它们含有烷基苷、阴离子型表面活性剂和脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺。
在制备液态洗涤剂和去垢剂时，通常把各个组分作为能流动的溶液投入，该溶液各含有一种物质或者作为预混合物，即所谓复合物，是由多种现成剂型的常规物质组成。为混合成现成剂型而预先规定的成分应具有尽可能高的有效物质含量，同时容易处理，也就是说，这些成分应该尽可能是能流动的和易于泵抽的，并具有尽可能高的贮存稳定性。正常情况下烷基苷为高粘度的糊状物。
本发明的基本任务是从烷基苷糊状物研制出一种贮存稳定的，可流动和可泵抽的液体表面活性剂混合物。
此任务是通过由一定量的烷基苷和乙氧化酰胺组成的水混合物来解决的。
本发明的混合物主要是由烷基苷和乙氧化酰胺形式的合成非离子型表面活性剂组成的水混合物。
其中：烷基苷用式Ⅰ表示
式中R1为8至22个碳原子的烷基，G为葡糖单元，n为在1和10之间的一个数;
乙氧化酰胺用式Ⅱ表示，
式中R2为7到21个碳原子的烷基，P为在3和11之间的一个数。
混合物含有30-70%（重量），最好是35-55%（重量）水，15-50%（重量），最好是25-45%（重量）烷基苷和3-25%（重量），最好是5-20%（重量）乙氧化酰胺。
本发明的表面活性剂混合物最好还含有10-20%（重量），尤其是12-18%（重量）式Ⅲ所示的硫酸烷基酯，
式中R3为8至22个碳原子的烷基，X为碱金属离子或铵离子。
适合于本发明的表面活性剂混合物的烷基苷及其制备方法例如在欧洲专利申请EP92355，EP301298，EP357969和EP362671或在美国专利说明书US3547828中作了说明。这种烷基苷的苷组分（式Ⅰ中的（G）n）涉及由天然存在的醛糖单体或酮糖单体构成的低聚物或聚合物。属于这些醛糖单体或酮糖单体尤其有葡萄糖、甘露糖、果糖、半乳糖、塔罗糖、古罗糖、阿卓糖、阿洛糖、艾杜糖、核糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖和来苏糖。由这样的苷连接的单体组成的低聚物除了被其中所含糖的种类表明特征外，还被糖的数量，即被所谓低聚度表明特征。低聚度（式Ⅰ中的n）作为分析确定的大小一般采用分数值;它处于1和10之间，所使用的烷基苷n值较好在1.5以下，最好是在1.2和1.4之间，葡萄糖由于容易得到是优先采用的单体。
在本发明的表面活性剂混合物中含有的烷基苷的烷基部分（式Ⅰ中的R1）最好也来自容易得到的、可重新生长出来的原料的衍生物，特别是来自脂肪醇类，也可以是它们的支链异构体，尤其是所谓羰基合成醇也可用来制备所用的烷基苷。因此，特别有用的是具有直链的辛基、癸基、十二烷基、十四烷基、十六烷基或十八烷基的伯醇及其混合物。特别合适的烷基苷含椰子油烷基，也就是说，主要是R1＝十二烷基和R1＝十四烷基的混合物。
烷基苷可含有在制备条件下少量例如1-2%未反应的游离脂肪醇，这对制成的表面活性剂混合物的性能没有不利的影响。
适合于加在本发明混合物中的酰胺乙氧基化物是有8至22个碳原子的，最好是有12至16个碳原子的链烷酸的乙醇酰胺衍生物。特别合适的化合物有月桂酸单乙醇酰胺的乙氧基化物、肉豆蔻酸单乙醇酰胺的乙氧基化物和棕榈酸单乙醇酰胺的乙氧基化物。酰胺的N-乙氧基化度（式Ⅱ中的P）在3和11之间，最好在5和9之间。这些酰胺乙氧基化物可用已知的方法通过相应的链烷酸单乙醇酰胺和环氧乙烷反应制成。
适合于加在本发明表面活性剂混合物中的硫酸烷基酯，可考虑上述醇类的硫酸酯化产品。特别合适的是带有8至22个碳原子的，尤其是带有12至16个碳原子的脂肪醇类衍生物。式Ⅲ所示的硫酸烷基酯可用已知的方法通过相应的醇组分和常规的硫酸化试剂，特别是和三氧化硫或氯磺酸反应，接着最好用碱金属碱、铵碱或烷基取代过的或羟烷基取代过的铵碱进行中和来制备。
制备本发明的表面活性剂混合物没有丝毫困难，毫无问题可以通过简单混合各成分而制成，各成分本身或最好在水溶液中存在。
本发明混合物的特点是：粘度低，容易流动，可以泵抽和贮存稳定性高。混合物的粘度一般为1.500m pa.s至15000m pa.s。
作为本发明混合物的其它优点，值得提出的是：通过加入一些化合物可以改善烷基苷糊状物的流变性能。这些化合物可被生物分解和可由天然生长出来的原料制成，而且这些化合物通过其表面活性也对加在最终产品中的烷基苷糊状物的重要性能，如去垢能力和起泡能力有积极影响。
本发明混合物可直接或用水稀释后用在工业上，例如用作浮选助剂或钻头冲洗剂。但最好是将它们用作生产液态洗涤剂和去垢剂的预混合物。属于这些洗涤剂和去垢剂尤其有高级洗涤剂、洗毛剂和餐具冲洗剂，还有香波。这样的一些制剂可用简单的方法通过用水将本发明混合物稀释到所需要的有效物质浓度而制成。在这样的一些制剂中还可加其它常规成分，尤其是增效物质，如沸石、地层硅酸盐（Schichtsilikate）、阻蚀剂、漂白剂、漂白活化剂、荧光增白剂、酶、防再污染剂、抗微生物有效物质、可与水混合的溶剂、研磨剂、泡沫稳定剂、防腐剂、pH调节剂、染料和香料以及还有表面活性剂。
实施例
实施例1
通过简单混合作为水溶液存在的各成分，制成以下表1中以其组成表征的本发明表面活性剂混合物M1至M5以及在对照试验中使用的制剂V1和V2。
表1.表面活性剂混合物（%重量）
M1M2M3M4M5V1V2
A 47.5 45.5 40.5 24.0 20.5 50.0 24.0
B 5.0 10.0 20.0 6.0 20.0
C 16.1 13.1 16.1
水 加到100
A：C12/14烷基葡糖苷，低聚度1.4
B：4倍乙氧基化的椰子油酸单乙醇酰胺
C：Na-C12/14烷基硫酸酯（Texapon（R）LS35，Henkel公司生产）
本发明表面活性剂混合物M1至M5的pH值（10%（重量）水溶液〕为9.2至10.0。
表2粘度（20℃，按H ppler落球粘度计测定）
M1M2M3M4M5V1V2
粘度（20℃）12750 5300 2530 13440 13910 28850 55540
〔mpa.s〕
光学现象 透明 透明 透明 透明 透明 透明 混浊
（室温） 液体 液体 液体 液体 液体 固体 固体
光学现象 混浊 透明 透明 透明 透明 固体 固体
（10℃） 液体 液体 液体 液体 液体 物质 物质
将本发明混合物M1至M5的试样在20℃或40℃下存放100天，测得其稠度无变化，可将此混合物冷却到10℃存放30天，加热到室温后，和新制成的混合物相比未见到粘度变化。
实施例2：去垢效率
通过水稀释法将混合物由M1至M5，V1和V2制成每升溶液各含有0.15克有效物质的溶液。为了表明去垢效率，进行了H.J.Lehmann在1972年第74卷发表的“脂肪，肥皂，涂料”一文中的第163页上所述的“圆盘试验”。用硬度为3°d（30毫克CaO/升）和16°d（160毫克CaO/升），温度为50℃的水和用牛脂（2克/圆盘）进行试验;将沾污的圆盘在室温下存放24小时后用一个旋转的洗涤刷进行涮洗。在此试验中本发明混合物的去垢效率在所有情况下都胜过对照混合物的去垢效率。
Claims (9)
1、含有一种烷基苷和一种合成的非离子型表面活性剂的、能流动和可泵抽的表面活性剂水混合物，其特征在于：它主要由以下的成分组成：
30-70%(重量)水，
15-50%(重量)式Ⅰ所示的烷基苷，
式中R1为有8至22个碳原子的烷基，G为葡糖单元和n为在1和10之间的一个数；
3-25%(重量)式Ⅱ所示的乙氧基化酰胺，
式中R2为有7至21个碳原子的烷基，P为在3和11之间的一个数。
2、按权利要求1所述的表面活性剂混合物，其特征在于：它含有35-55%（重量）水，25-45%（重量）式Ⅰ所示的烷基苷和5-20%（重量）式Ⅱ所示的乙氧基化酰胺。
3、按权利要求1或2所述的表面活性剂混合物，其特征在于：它还含有10-20%（重量），尤其是10-18%（重量）式Ⅲ所示的硫酸烷基酯，
式中R3为有8至22个碳原子的烷基，X为碱金属离子或铵离子。
4、按权利要求1至3之一项所述的表面活性混合物，其特征在于：式（Ⅰ）所示的烷基苷具有低聚度n在1.5以下，最好是1.2至1.4。
5、按权利要求1至4之一项所述的表面活性剂混合物，其特征在于：式（Ⅰ）所示的烷基苷为烷基葡糖苷。
6、按权利要求1至5之一项所述的表面活性剂混合物，其特征在于：式（Ⅱ）所示的乙氧基化酰胺有一个带有12至16个碳原子的烷基R2。
7、按权利要求1至6之一项所述的表面活性剂混合物，其特征在于：式（Ⅱ）所示的乙氧基化酰胺具有N-乙氧基化度P为5至9。
8、按权利要求3至7之一项所述的表面活性剂混合物，其特征在于：式（Ⅲ）所示的硫酸烷基酯有一个带有12至16个碳原子的烷基R2。
9、按权利要求1至8之一项所述的表面活性剂混合物用作生产液态洗涤剂和去垢剂的、能流动和可泵抽的、贮存稳定的预混合物。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19904023334 DE4023334A1 (de) | 1990-07-23 | 1990-07-23 | Fluessiges, giess- und pumpfaehiges tensidkonzentrat |
| DEP4023334.0 | 1990-07-23 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1058424A true CN1058424A (zh) | 1992-02-05 |
Family
ID=6410822
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91104962 Pending CN1058424A (zh) | 1990-07-23 | 1991-07-22 | 可流动和可泵抽的液态表面活性剂浓缩物 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0540568A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH05509117A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1058424A (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR9106664A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2088067A1 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE4023334A1 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX9100335A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO1992001772A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105062705A (zh) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江赞宇科技股份有限公司 | 一种无水乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐浓缩物及其制备方法与装置 |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4210912A1 (de) * | 1992-04-02 | 1993-10-07 | Henkel Kgaa | Schaumarme wäßrige Detergensgemische |
| DE4414815C2 (de) * | 1994-04-28 | 1997-03-06 | Henkel Kgaa | Verwendung von ausgewählten anionischen Tensiden als Kristallisationsinhibitoren für Zuckertensidpasten |
| GB9606913D0 (en) | 1996-04-02 | 1996-06-05 | Unilever Plc | Surfactant blends processes for preparing them and particulate detergent compositions containing them |
| US20150126429A1 (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2015-05-07 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Use Of An Ethoxylated Alkanolamide As A Hydrotrope For An Alkylene Oxide Adduct Of An Alcohol |
| WO2018206475A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | Basf Se | Concentrated surfactant and method of forming |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU757594A1 (ru) * | 1978-10-02 | 1980-08-23 | Mo I Inzh Selskokhozyajs | Моющая композиция для очистки металлической поверхности 1 |
| EP0070076B2 (en) * | 1981-07-13 | 1992-11-04 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Foaming dishwashing liquid compositions |
| GB2116579B (en) * | 1982-01-07 | 1985-08-29 | Albright & Wilson | Composition and method for cleaning hydrocarbon oil from hard surfaces |
| EP0189225A2 (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-07-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Built liquid detergent containing anionic, ethoxylated nonionic and amide surfactants |
| DE3534082A1 (de) * | 1985-09-25 | 1987-04-02 | Henkel Kgaa | Fluessiges reinigungsmittel |
| GB8810820D0 (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1988-06-08 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
| MY106599A (en) * | 1988-12-19 | 1995-06-30 | Kao Corp | Detergent composition |
-
1990
- 1990-07-23 DE DE19904023334 patent/DE4023334A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-07-15 CA CA 2088067 patent/CA2088067A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-07-15 EP EP19910912960 patent/EP0540568A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-07-15 JP JP3512174A patent/JPH05509117A/ja active Pending
- 1991-07-15 BR BR919106664A patent/BR9106664A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-07-15 WO PCT/EP1991/001325 patent/WO1992001772A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1991-07-22 CN CN 91104962 patent/CN1058424A/zh active Pending
- 1991-07-23 MX MX9100335A patent/MX9100335A/es unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105062705A (zh) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江赞宇科技股份有限公司 | 一种无水乙氧基化烷基硫酸盐浓缩物及其制备方法与装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2088067A1 (en) | 1992-01-24 |
| EP0540568A1 (de) | 1993-05-12 |
| MX9100335A (es) | 1992-02-28 |
| BR9106664A (pt) | 1993-06-08 |
| DE4023334A1 (de) | 1992-01-30 |
| WO1992001772A1 (de) | 1992-02-06 |
| JPH05509117A (ja) | 1993-12-16 |
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