CN105638009A - Movable operation device for farmlands - Google Patents

Abstract

A movable operation device for farmlands comprises a movable car (111), a bearing track (101), a wheel arm length guide rod (102) and a movable operation trolley (108) on the movable car. The movable car (111) is arranged on the bearing track (101) and can move on the bearing track (101); the movable car (111) comprises wheels (105), length-adjustable wheel arms (106), wheel-arm length adjustment buttons (104), an operation platform (103), a length-adjustable movable car span adjustment rod (112) and a single/double-track drive clutch (109); the tread of the wheels (105) has a gear structure, is lower than wheel edges on two sides, and can be turned within 360 DEG; and the movable car can adopt a single-track drive state on an irregular track. According to the principle that a mobile function and an operation function are separated, the device separates an agricultural machine from an operation field, so that the device is not influenced by factors such as landforms and geology, and efficiency is increased.

Description

A kind of farmland mobile operating device

Technical field

The present invention provides a kind of farmland operation managing device relating to agriculture field.

Background technology

China's agricultural just develops towards scale agricultural, agricultural modernization and mechanized agriculture direction, and this is also inexorable trend. The many agricultural productions of China all just stride forward towards tool, such as replace domestic animal to plough with tractor. Use rice transplanter rice transplanting for another example, by aerial spray, gather in Oryza sativa L. with harvester. These mechanical efficiency ratio is artificial or domestic animal efficiency is high a lot. But these machineries still have very big deficiency and defect.

Concrete defect has following several respects:

One, machinery is limited by landform. Although mechanization of agriculture has been made significant headway, mechanization degree also slowly improves. These machineries are often relatively cumbersome, and underaction can only can be put to good use in the smooth open farmland of physical features and be come. But, the many areas of China are mountain region or hills, and the farmland in these areas is often uneven, some or even terraced fields. And the road between farmland is often narrower, what have can only allow single walking. Tractor, the traditional mechanical such as harvester can not conversion process place easily in this landform, it is impossible to play the feature that efficiency is high.

Two, limited by geology. Northern China mostly is nonirrigated farmland, mostly is again Plain, and mechanization is easier to, and south is wet soft paddy field mostly, and some is deep foot paddy field. Such geological conditions makes Mechanical Moving comparatively difficult. Although having the much machinery suitable in paddy field at present, such as rice transplanter or harvester. These machineries at shallower paddy-field-working, once run into deep foot field, will can only get deeply stuck in wherein mostly, it is impossible to mobile, more can not operation.

Three, function singleness and repetition, traditional agricultural machinery function is generally single, and a kind of machinery can be only done a kind of function mostly. Such as rice transplanter can only rice transplanting, harvester can only gather in, and two kinds of mechanical functions are diverse, can not share. But each machine in these machines has locomotive function, say, that there is a degree of function waste and repetition.

Four, soil or crops are affected during operation. Tradition farm machine directly contacts soil, farmland on field during operation, therefore when these machines move on soil, often soil and crop are impacted.Such as in the ranks pass through from crop during pesticide spray truck operation, the steady and sure soil of meeting, be likely to the crop that fractures simultaneously. For another example during rice transplanter operation, twice wheel being stayed to print on paddy field, make the place that wheel presses through get deeply stuck in and periphery height arch, these are just not suitable for rice transplanting.

Five, operation is dumb. Traditional agriculture machine is relatively suitable for straight line operation, but common farm machine is cumbersome thing by tune of turning. Time such as some harvester turns to, often staying next hole on soil, some machinery requirements manually help to turn to.

Six, energy dissipation is serious, especially Rice Cropping. Unlike the dry crop such as Semen Maydis, Semen Tritici aestivi, Oryza sativa L. is generally grown in wet soft paddy field, and existing farm machinery is often trapped in mud. Therefore, farm machinery is mobile in such paddy field needs to consume a lot of energy.

Seven, not reproducible movement. Such as seeder, especially rice transplanter can only do disposable movement to a direction, and can not reverse movement. If reverse movement will destroy original operation achievement, the rice shoot namely sowed.

The existence of these defects seriously hinders agricultural scale, also seriously limits farm efficiency, and the existing agriculture that has its source in of these problems has machinery without departing from soil, but directly contact farmland.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, find out question classification place, and provide a kind of farmland mobile operating device not limited by landform and geology. By setting up track on farmland, to carry farmland mobile operation vehicle, farm machinery is made to depart from soil, it is to avoid crop and soil are produced impact during mobile operating by Work machine on soil, thus avoiding many defects of traditional mechanical, substantially increase agricultural production efficiency.

The present invention's is real by following technical solution, and the present invention includes: the bearing track 101 of repeatable dismounting and installation, takes turns arm lengths guide post 102, locomotive 111 and operating trolley 108 movable on locomotive 111. Locomotive 111 is erected on bearing track 101; Locomotive includes wheel 105, telescopic wheel arm 106 and wheel arm length adjustment button 104, the locomotive span adjusting rod 112 of adjustable in length, job platform 103, single bilateral track driving clutch 109. Operating trolley 108 is movable on job platform 103.

Described bearing track is laid on the roadbed of hardening, these roadbed every layings separated by a distance on operation field of hardening. Roadbed is also equipped with wheel arm lengths guide post 102, the wheel arm lengths guide post 102 height preset height according to bearing track 101, corresponding wheel arm 106 length is regulated, thus adjusting the height that locomotive 111 is required somewhere by acting on respective wheel arm lengths adjusting knob 104.

Described locomotive 111 is on two bearing tracks 101, locomotive has at least three wheels (105), at least two of which wheel (105) is stepped on same bearing track (101), having at least a wheel to step on another bearing track, locomotive 111 101 can move freely on bearing track.

Described wheel arm, it is characterised in that the length of every wheel arm 106 is telescopic, the height of wheel arm 106 both can be regulated by wheel arm length adjustment button 104, it is also possible to by manually freely reconciling according to the highly desirable of crops or other needs. When such as planting harvesting corn, required height will than rice transplanting or dig Rhizoma Nelumbinis and need to heighten.

Described taking turns arm lengths guide post 102, the wheel arm 106 of adjustable in length, wheel arm length adjustment button 104, is one-to-one relationship between three.Every wheel arm 106 has the wheel arm length adjustment button 104 of correspondence, and each wheel arm length adjustment button 104 is led by corresponding wheel arm lengths guide post 102. Wheel arm length adjustment button 104 can be regulated its position by wheel arm lengths guide post 102, thus changing the length of every corresponding wheel arm 106. The adjustment wheel arm lengths guide post 102 that passes budgets just so that on the uneven soil such as mountain region or hills, job platform 103 is still comparatively steady, can not only make operation more smooth, also protect bearing track 101 not by the damage of flank force.

The wheel 105 of described locomotive, its tread 202 is lower than wheel both sides wheel rim 201 and 203, and depression is in the middle of the wheel rim of both sides. Such wheel 105 just can be stepped on bearing track 101 all the time, not easily derail, according to the width of the width adjusting locomotive 111 of bearing track, can also have the effect of guiding simultaneously, making locomotive span change with the change of track width, the ability of adaptation to the ground is greatly improved.

Described wheel, its tread 202 has gear structure, and described bearing track 101 and platform track 107 also all have the toothing being engaged with wheel. Which increase the active force between wheel 105 and bearing track 101, be conducive to locomotive in the steeper farmland of the gradient or terraced fields operation.

Described locomotive, it is characterised in that job platform 103 is provided with platform track 107, operating trolley 108 depends on platform track 107, it is possible to move on platform track 107. When different work dolly 108 changed by needs, or when converting the scope of operation, operating trolley can move on platform track 107. And when operating trolley 108 is just when operation, it is possible to it is fixed on platform track 107, becomes a part for locomotive 111. Platform track 107 is open simultaneously, can directly dock with platform outside track, it is simple to change different work dolly 108. The different needs such as such as basis plows, level land, rice transplanting, spray medicine, fertilising, harvesting, excavation, laying plastic, it is possible to directly push the operating trolley suited the requirements easily from platform outside track and enter job platform track 107.

The Main Function of described list bilateral track driving clutch 109 is in that to make car body change between bilateral track drive pattern and single-track drive pattern. When running into irregular track, two tracks are asynchronous, such as a wherein smooth straight way of track, and another track is to go up a slope or bending. So, in same segment distance, the length of these two tracks is different, and it is also different for stepping on the linear distance that the wheel on two tracks crosses. If at this moment bilateral track drives, owing on the bilateral track of very difficult adjustment, wheel linear velocity cooperates, car body or bearing track distortion will be made to damage. At this moment the driving force of wheel on a single bilateral track driving clutch 109 drop wherein track should be made, car body is made to be in the state that single-track drives. so wherein all wheels on a bearing track become driven pulley, and at least one wheel on another bearing track becomes drivewheel (generally all maintaining like linear velocity due to the wheel on same track, so all wheels on this track can also be made all to become drivewheel). So, the locomotive that single-track drives could move smoothly on irregular track.

But when single-track drives, its track stepped on can be produced a flank force by driving wheel, and this track failure is relatively big, builds and build this track cost just higher, so to avoid the state that single-track drives as far as possible. Therefore, in regular tracks, it should adopt bilateral track to drive. At this moment the linear velocity of the wheel on two tracks is the same, it should close single bilateral track driving clutch, makes locomotive be in the state that bilateral track drives. Locomotive under bilateral track driving condition to the active force of track (pressure produced because of gravity and driving wheel are to orbital direction thrust backward) all on perpendicular, it does not have the power of side, track failure is little.

Described operating trolley 108, it is possible to move freely on platform track 107, it is also possible to be fixed on platform track 107. During operating trolley 108 operation, it is fixed on platform track, makes dolly along with the movement of locomotive relative to operation field ground moving. Operating trolley 108 can also move to another position on platform track 107 and continue operation. During the end of job, operating trolley can roll platform track 107 away from, enters the platform outside track docked with platform track 107 and leaves job platform 103.

Described bearing track 101 be not permanent locking on track bed, bearing track is can be movable, is fixed on roadbed by movable button. When operation starts, it should bearing track 101 is first installed, is fixed on roadbed by movable button. Then locomotive 111 can on bearing track 101 mobile operating. So during the end of job, bearing track 101 can conveniently be dismantled and regain, then repave and be set to operation on other operation field, so repeat. So it is possible not only to make track to reuse, and can better protect bearing track corroding and the destruction of the social environment such as artificial pilferage from natural environment such as rainwater.

Described wheel 105 can 360 degree turn to, therefore, locomotive is possible not only to sidle, it is also possible to endways walk. So, then locomotive 111 is unlikely to clumsy, it is possible to complete the right-angle steering of 90 degree.

Farmland management machinery is all made up of two functions in fact, and a part is the function of movement, and another part is exactly operation function. Operation function is easier to solve, and the maximum problem perplexing now agricultural is exactly the problem how making agricultural machinery move freely on farmland and not injuring crops. It can be said that the question essence of agricultural planting efficiency is the problem that moves freely on farmland of agricultural tools. Only make the place that agricultural tools can arrive wanted operation more easily not affect again soil and crop, the efficiency of competence exertion machinery simultaneously.

Farmland provided by the invention mobile operating device, peels off with operation function mutually by the locomotive function of agricultural machinery. Most problem of the prior art can be overcome. Such as on deep foot field, easily mobile low energy consumption is moved, and repeatable moves freely, it is possible to easily move on the uneven soil such as hills, mountain region.

It is also possible to solve the problem in flower arrangement field, flower arrangement field is a big problem of the scale of restriction agricultural now. Flower arrangement field becomes a nail in tract about, limits mechanized agricultural operation. And farmland provided by the invention mobile operating device can solve this problem, as long as bearing track gets around flower arrangement, field is laid, and is not laid within the scope of flower arrangement field. When simultaneously locomotive is crossed above flower arrangement field, as long as making the height of car sufficiently high, just can cross flower arrangement field and it is not damaged when exceeding the crops on flower arrangement field or other object.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structure chart of farmland mobile operating device;

Fig. 2 is the car wheel structure figure of locomotive.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.

With reference first to accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 1 labelling 101 represents the bearing track being laid on operation field. Building a plurality of hardening roadbed on operation field at a certain distance, then lay bearing track 101 on every roadbed, simultaneous wheels arm lengths guide post 102 is also attached on hardening roadbed. These bearing tracks are arranged with operation field shape, the smooth broad part in operation field, it is possible to lay the bearing track of straight rule, can lay irregular bearing track according to landform in uneven part such as mountain region, hills.

Accompanying drawing 1 labelling 111 represents whole locomotive, and locomotive is by three wheel support, because three points are all the time in approximately the same plane.If locomotive has four or more wheel, then on irregular track, particularly on rugged track, often have some wheel hangings, make travelling car unstable. When these unsettled wheels drop back into ground again, it is possible to just return to come less than on correct path, thus causing locomotive 111 to derail. The locomotive of three wheels also only has a span adjusting rod simultaneously, makes the span of locomotive regulate and becomes simple.

Labelling 112 is locomotive span adjusting rod, and it can, according to the span of the width adjustment locomotive of two bearing tracks, to adapt to irregular bearing track, be simultaneously also beneficial to avoid barrier on farmland, such as telephone pole.

Labelling 109 represents single bilateral track driving clutch, for regulating the drive pattern of locomotive. On irregular bearing track, owing to two bearing tracks are not parallel, in specific range, the length of two bearing tracks is different, and such as one is straight track, and another is warp rail. It is out-of-date that locomotive 111 is walked, and the linear distance that the wheel on both sides is walked also is different. If now locomotive is that bilateral track drives, then the linear velocity of the wheel on both sides should also be different. Wheel on different tracks is difficult to the synchronization driving that cooperates, it is easy to car body and bearing track 101 to locomotive 111 form a torsion, thus destroying locomotive and bearing track. But wheel on the same track is usually same linear velocity, locomotive therefore can being allowed to adopt the pattern that single-track drives, make the wheel stepping on certain same track become driving wheel, the wheel stepped on another track becomes driven pulley. Such locomotive just can move smoothly on irregular track.

But when single-track drives, the track that driving wheel can be stepped on by locomotive 111 forms a flank force, and track firmness is required higher by this, and building cost is naturally also higher, and locomotive single-track will be avoided to drive as far as possible. So in regular tracks, this locomotive, by single bilateral track driving clutch, the pattern adopting bilateral track to drive, makes the wheel stepped on different tracks become driving wheel simultaneously. When the bilateral track of regular tracks drives, the force direction that bearing track 111 is subject to is always on the face of holding up, and bearing track 101 will not be formed flank force by locomotive 111, so requires to be substantially reduced to track.

Labelling 107 represents the track on locomotive platform, for the activity of operating trolley 108. Agricultural operation activity is different because of all kinds of difference of crop, and same crop management activity required for different phase is also different, is therefore accomplished by needing to change different operating trolleys 108 according to operation. If platform track 107 be close, cannot docking platform outside track, this give change operating trolley bring very big trouble. Therefore, the platform track 107 on locomotive opens, it is possible to the track outside docking platform, facilitates the operating trolley of difference in functionality to drive into and output on the job platform 103 of locomotive.

Platform track 107 adopts, with operating trolley 108 wheel, the gear structure being engaged simultaneously, makes can be fixed on platform track 107 during operating trolley 108 operation, prevents and rocks before and after operating trolley 108.

Labelling 101 represents bearing track, and these bearing tracks 101 are repeatable dismounting and laying. Owing to the agricultural management time is short-term, the most of the time is crops oneself growth times. So, if bearing track 101 is fixing dead on roadbed, the use time of bearing track and utilization ratio can be greatly reduced.Additionally, track is placed on field for a long time, it is easy to be corroded and be also easily stolen robber. The bearing track 101 that this programme provides is laid by movable button, when needs operation, buckles movable button, makes track fix; Dismantle track during the end of job, be then routed to other operation field and up or reclaim.

Accompanying drawing 2 is locomotive vehicle wheel structure figure, the wheel 105 of the locomotive of this preferred version adopts the tread 202 structure lower than two wheel rims 201 and 203, so can ensure that wheel 105 is stepped on all the time on bearing track 101, it is unlikely to derailing, also ensure that namely can extending of locomotive span adjusting rod, it is also possible to shorten simultaneously. Wheel 105 tread of locomotive 111 adopts gear structure, is so conducive to locomotive 111 advancing and parked compared with on sty, it is also possible to increase the active force between wheel 105 and acknowledgement of consignment track 101, high-power mobile time be unlikely to skid.

Described wheel 105 can 360 degree turn to, therefore, locomotive is possible not only to sidle, it is also possible to endways walk. So, then locomotive 111 can complete 90 degree of right-angle steerings.

Claims (13)

1. a farmland mobile operating device, including locomotive (111), bearing track (101), wheel arm lengths guide post (102), and operating trolley (108) movable on locomotive. Locomotive (111) frame is on bearing track (101), and above can move at bearing track (101). Locomotive (111) includes wheel (105), wheel arm (106), wheel arm length adjustment button (104), job platform (103), locomotive span adjusting rod (112), single bilateral track driving clutch (109).

2. locomotive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: locomotive (111) is on two bearing tracks (101), locomotive has at least three wheels (105), at least two of which wheel (105) is stepped on same bearing track (101), has at least a wheel to step on another bearing track.

3. wheel arm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the length of every wheel arm (106) is telescopic, the length of every wheel arm (106) is all subject to corresponding wheel arm length adjustment button (104) with it to regulate, it is also possible to manual adjustment.

4. according to claim 1 take turns arm lengths guide post, it is characterized in that: the height of arm lengths guide post (102) each point and walking trend are default according to relative altitude between acknowledgement of consignment track, and it changes corresponding wheel arm (106) length by acting on wheel arm length adjustment button (104) of correspondence.

5. wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: wheel tread (202) is lower than wheel revolver edge (201) and right wheel edge (203).

6. wheel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: wheel tread (202) is to have toothing.

7. locomotive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the job platform (103) of locomotive (111) is provided with platform track (107), and operating trolley (108) depends on platform track (107).

8. platform track described in bearing track and claim 7 according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: its loading end has the toothing can being engaged with wheel.

9. platform track according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: platform track (107) is open, directly docking with platform outside track, different operating trolleys (108) can conveniently drive into and roll away from job platform (103).

10. locomotive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: by single bilateral track driving clutch (109), the wheel (105) stepping on different bearer track (101) can be made to become driving wheel simultaneously, becoming driving wheel when also can make to be positioned at the wheel difference on different bearer track (101), switching locomotive (111) is at bilateral track drive pattern and single-track drive pattern.

11. operating trolley according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: operating trolley (108) can move freely on platform track (107), it is also possible to is fixed on platform track (107).

12. bearing track according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: bearing track (101) is repeatable to be torn open and fills, and is not that permanent locking is on roadbed.

13. wheel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: wheel (105) energy 360 degree turns to.