CN104404817A - Aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
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- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
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- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
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- YCGKJPVUGMBDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]hepta-1(7),2,4-triene-6-carbonyl)benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)N2C=3C=C2C=CC=3)=C1 YCGKJPVUGMBDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WRDNCFQZLUCIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-1,3,5-triene-7-carbonyl)benzamide Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)N)=CC=C1C(=O)N1C2=CC=C1C=C2 WRDNCFQZLUCIRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
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- XQSBLCWFZRTIEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-amine;hydrobromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+] XQSBLCWFZRTIEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材及其制备方法。该芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材包括玻璃毡基体和结合在所述玻璃毡基体表面的复合芳纶层,所述复合芳纶层包括互相混合的芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕的质量比为1:(0.2-3)。其制备方法包括配制含芳纶纤维和芳纶浆粕的芳纶浆料、利用芳纶浆料制备芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸和芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸进行热压成型的步骤。本发明芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材拉伸强度和弯曲强度等机械性能和牢固性能高,其表面相对光滑;其制备方法得芳纶纤维芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕与玻璃纤维相互粘合和贯穿,避免芳纶纤维和玻璃纤维复合时需要加入其他粘结剂,简化了制造工艺,显著降低了其生产成本,产品性能稳定,合格率高。The invention discloses an aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet and a preparation method thereof. The aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet comprises a glass mat substrate and a composite aramid layer bonded to the surface of the glass mat substrate, the composite aramid layer includes mutually mixed aramid fibers, and the mass ratio of the aramid pulp is 1: (0.2-3). The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing aramid pulp containing aramid fiber and aramid pulp, preparing aramid-glass fiber composite rough paper and aramid-glass fiber composite rough paper by using the aramid pulp, and performing hot-press molding. The aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet of the present invention has high mechanical properties such as tensile strength and bending strength and firm performance, and its surface is relatively smooth; the preparation method obtains aramid fibers, aramid fibers, aramid pulp and glass fibers bonded to each other And penetration, avoiding the need to add other binders when combining aramid fiber and glass fiber, simplifying the manufacturing process, significantly reducing its production cost, stable product performance, and high pass rate.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于纤维复合材料技术领域,特别涉及一种芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of fiber composite materials, and in particular relates to an aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
玻璃毡为无任何粘结剂和其他缝编材料,以一定线密度的连续玻璃纤维,无定向成圈状分布成一定厚度的基材,经针刺机针刺后,靠纤维之间相互勾接在一起而成的制品。与不同基体树脂有良好的相容性,适用于模压、等多种成型工艺应用于增强改性聚丙烯、环氧和不饱和聚酯树脂。但是该玻璃毡强度、柔性等性能有待提高,表面分布较多毛丝,在某些场景中应用受到限制。Glass felt is a base material without any binder or other stitching materials. Continuous glass fibers with a certain linear density are randomly distributed in a circle to form a substrate with a certain thickness. Products that are joined together. It has good compatibility with different matrix resins, and is suitable for various molding processes such as molding and compression, and is applied to reinforced modified polypropylene, epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins. However, the strength and flexibility of the glass mat need to be improved, and there are many hairs on the surface, which limits its application in some scenarios.
芳纶的全称是芳香族聚酰胺纤维,是一种高强度、高模量、低密度和高耐磨的有机合成纤维。芳纶于20世纪60年代初,由美国杜邦公司开发出优异性能的间位聚芳酰胺纤维,商品名为NOMEX,我国称1313纤维;杜邦公司又开发出对位聚芳酰胺纤维,商品名为Kevlar,我国称1414纤维。The full name of aramid fiber is aromatic polyamide fiber, which is an organic synthetic fiber with high strength, high modulus, low density and high wear resistance. In the early 1960s, aramid fiber was developed by DuPont of the United States as a meta-polyaramid fiber with excellent performance. The product name is NOMEX, and it is called 1313 fiber in my country; Kevlar, our country calls it 1414 fiber.
因此,针对玻璃毡存在的缺陷,目前出现了利用芳纶针对玻璃毡进行改性的研究及相关产品。例如市场上出现了一种含芳杂环的高阻燃性芳纶纤维层压板,其是将杂环芳纶丝排列一起,与热塑性树脂复合热压而成片材,因为纤维的方向性使得此板材性能呈现各项异性。市场上还出现了一种玻璃纤维和芳纶纤维复合布,其是将玻璃纤维和芳纶纤维通过经纬编织而成布,克服了玻璃钢制品只有刚性没有柔性不耐冲击的问题。Therefore, in view of the defects of glass mat, there are currently researches and related products on the modification of glass mat by using aramid fibers. For example, a highly flame-retardant aramid fiber laminate containing aromatic heterocycles has appeared on the market. It is made of heterocyclic aramid filaments arranged together and composited with thermoplastic resins to form a sheet. Because the directionality of the fibers makes The properties of this sheet are anisotropic. There is also a glass fiber and aramid fiber composite cloth on the market, which is made by weaving glass fiber and aramid fiber through warp and weft, which overcomes the problem that glass fiber reinforced plastic products have only rigidity but no flexibility and are not impact resistant.
通过对上述现有复合材料分析发现,现有该相关复合材料一般均是将芳纶先制成芳纶纸或芳纶布后,再与其它材料复合,加热和加压后制成,其工艺复杂,对设备要求高,导致其生产成本高。另外由于工艺的复杂,所生产的复合材料性能稳定性差,合格率相对较低。Through the analysis of the above-mentioned existing composite materials, it is found that the existing related composite materials are generally made of aramid fiber into aramid paper or aramid cloth, and then compounded with other materials, heated and pressurized. It is complex and requires high equipment, resulting in high production costs. In addition, due to the complexity of the process, the performance stability of the produced composite material is poor, and the qualified rate is relatively low.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的上述不足,提供一种芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材及其制备方法,以解决现有玻璃纤维与芳纶复合材料生产成本高、其制备工艺复杂导致的产品性能不稳定的技术问题。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet and its preparation method, to solve the existing glass fiber and aramid fiber composite material high production cost, its preparation process is complicated. Technical problems with unstable product performance.
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明的技术方案如下:In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
一种芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材,其包括玻璃毡基体和结合在所述玻璃毡基体表面的复合芳纶层,所述复合芳纶层包括互相混合的芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕的质量比为1:(0.2-3)。An aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet, which comprises a glass mat base and a composite aramid layer bonded to the surface of the glass mat base, the composite aramid layer comprising mutually mixed aramid fiber, aramid pulp The mass ratio is 1:(0.2-3).
以及,一种芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材的制备方法,包括如下步骤:And, a kind of preparation method of aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet, comprises the following steps:
将芳纶纤维浆料与芳纶浆粕浆料与分散剂混合,形成芳纶浆料;其中,在所述芳纶浆料中,所述芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕的质量比为1:(0.2-3);Aramid fiber slurry and aramid pulp slurry are mixed with a dispersant to form aramid slurry; wherein, in the aramid slurry, the mass ratio of the aramid fiber to the aramid pulp is 1 :(0.2-3);
将所述芳纶浆料在玻璃毡上形成一复合芳纶涂层,经压轧、烘干和收卷处理得到芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸;Form a composite aramid coating on the glass mat with the aramid slurry, and obtain an aramid-glass fiber composite blank paper through rolling, drying and winding treatment;
将所述芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸于220-300℃下加压成型。The aramid fiber-glass fiber composite base paper is press-molded at 220-300°C.
与现有技术相比,上述芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材将芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕的复合物层直接与玻璃毡复合,由于玻璃毡的自身的特点,该芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕会贯穿玻璃毡,使得芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕、玻璃纤维相互粘合和贯穿,使得复合芳纶层与玻璃毡基体结合牢固,有效避免两者剥离分离现象出现,同时赋予该芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材优异的拉伸强度和弯曲强度等机械性能。另外,该复合芳纶层结合在玻璃毡基体表面,使得该芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材表面相对光滑,克服了玻璃毡表面分布较多毛丝的缺陷。Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet directly composites the composite layer of aramid fiber and aramid pulp with the glass mat. Due to the own characteristics of the glass mat, the aramid fiber, aramid fiber The pulp will penetrate the glass mat, so that the aramid fiber, aramid pulp, and glass fiber are bonded and penetrated each other, so that the composite aramid layer and the glass mat matrix are firmly bonded, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of peeling and separation of the two, and at the same time giving the aramid Excellent mechanical properties such as tensile strength and bending strength of the fiberglass composite sheet. In addition, the composite aramid fiber layer is combined on the surface of the glass mat substrate, so that the surface of the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet is relatively smooth, which overcomes the defect that there are many hairs distributed on the surface of the glass mat.
上述芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材制备方法将芳纶纤维与芳纶浆粕的混合浆料涂覆在玻璃毡表面上,利用玻璃纤维毡空隙多的特点,随着芳纶纤维与浆粕均匀的复合在玻璃纤维毡上,芳纶会贯穿玻璃纤维毡,在加压成型时随着芳纶纤维的软化和融化,使得芳纶纤维之间,芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕与玻璃纤维之间,以及玻璃纤维之间相互粘合和贯穿,避免芳纶纤维和玻璃纤维复合时需要加入其他粘结剂,也简化了制造工艺,显著降低了其生产成本,也使得产品性能稳定,合格率高。In the preparation method of the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet described above, the mixed slurry of aramid fiber and aramid pulp is coated on the surface of the glass mat, and the characteristics of the glass fiber mat having many voids are utilized, as the aramid fiber and the pulp are evenly distributed. The aramid fiber will penetrate the glass fiber mat, and as the aramid fiber softens and melts during press molding, the aramid fiber, the aramid fiber, the aramid pulp and the glass fiber Between, as well as the mutual bonding and penetration of glass fibers, avoiding the need to add other binders when aramid fibers and glass fibers are combined, it also simplifies the manufacturing process, significantly reduces its production cost, and also makes the product performance stable and the pass rate high.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
本发明实施例提供一种机械性能好,表面相对光滑的芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材。该芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材包括玻璃毡基体和结合在所述玻璃毡基体表面的复合芳纶层,所述复合芳纶层包括互相混合的芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕的质量比为1:(0.2-3)。这样,该芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材将芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕的复合物层直接与玻璃毡复合,由于玻璃毡的自身的特点,该芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕会贯穿玻璃毡,使得芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕、玻璃纤维相互粘合和贯穿,使得复合芳纶层与玻璃毡基体结合牢固,有效避免两者剥离分离现象出现,同时赋予该芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材优异的拉伸强度和弯曲强度等机械性能。另外,该复合芳纶层结合在玻璃毡基体表面,使得该芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材表面相对光滑,克服了玻璃毡表面分布较多毛丝的缺陷。The embodiment of the present invention provides an aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet with good mechanical properties and a relatively smooth surface. The aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet comprises a glass mat substrate and a composite aramid layer bonded to the surface of the glass mat substrate, the composite aramid layer includes mutually mixed aramid fibers, and the mass ratio of the aramid pulp is 1: (0.2-3). In this way, the composite layer of aramid fiber and aramid pulp is directly compounded with the glass mat in the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet. Due to the characteristics of the glass mat, the aramid fiber and aramid pulp will penetrate the glass mat. felt, making aramid fiber, aramid pulp, and glass fiber bond and penetrate each other, making the composite aramid layer and glass mat matrix firmly bonded, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of peeling and separation between the two, and at the same time endowing the aramid-glass fiber composite The sheet has excellent mechanical properties such as tensile strength and flexural strength. In addition, the composite aramid fiber layer is combined on the surface of the glass mat substrate, so that the surface of the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet is relatively smooth, which overcomes the defect that there are many hairs distributed on the surface of the glass mat.
另外,上述芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材中,复合芳纶层的厚度会影响该芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材的拉伸强度和弯曲强度等性能,因此,在一些实施例中,该复合芳纶层的厚度为0.1-1mm。将复合芳纶层的厚度的控制在厚度范围,能使得该复芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材的拉伸强度和弯曲强度等性能进一步提高,同时使得复合芳纶层与玻璃毡基体结合更加牢固。In addition, in the above-mentioned aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet, the thickness of the composite aramid fiber layer will affect the tensile strength and bending strength of the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet. Therefore, in some embodiments, the composite The thickness of the aramid fiber layer is 0.1-1mm. Controlling the thickness of the composite aramid fiber layer within the thickness range can further improve the tensile strength and bending strength of the composite aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet, and at the same time make the combination of the composite aramid fiber layer and the glass mat matrix more firm .
其中,在一实施例中,上述芳纶纤维选用聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺纤维、聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维、杂环类芳香族聚酰胺纤维中的一种或两种以上的混合物。其中,该芳纶纤维可以选用6-8mm的芳纶短纤维。在另一实施例中,该芳纶浆粕选用聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺纤维浆粕、聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维浆粕、杂环类芳香族聚酰胺纤维浆粕中的一种或两种以上的混合物。当然,在又一实施例中,该芳纶纤维选用聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺纤维、聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维、杂环类芳香族聚酰胺纤维中的一种或两种以上的混合物;同时,该芳纶浆粕选用聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺纤维浆粕、聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维浆粕、杂环类芳香族聚酰胺纤维浆粕中的一种或两种以上的混合物。其中,杂环类芳香族聚酰胺纤维可以选用芳纶Ⅲ和/或芳纶Ⅳ。Wherein, in one embodiment, the above-mentioned aramid fiber is selected from one of poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber, heterocyclic aromatic polyamide fiber or A mixture of two or more. Wherein, the aramid fiber can be selected from 6-8mm short aramid fiber. In another embodiment, the aramid pulp is selected from poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber pulp, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber pulp, heterocyclic aromatic polyamide fiber pulp One or a mixture of two or more types of meal. Of course, in yet another embodiment, the aramid fiber is selected from one of poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber, and heterocyclic aromatic polyamide fiber. or a mixture of two or more; at the same time, the aramid pulp is selected from poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber pulp, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber pulp, heterocyclic aromatic polyamide One or a mixture of two or more types of fiber pulp. Among them, the heterocyclic aromatic polyamide fiber can be selected from aramid III and/or aramid IV.
在上述芳纶所选用材料的实施例基础上,在一实施例中,上述芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材中的玻璃毡基体选用玻璃纤维毡。On the basis of the above examples of the materials selected for the aramid fiber, in one embodiment, the glass mat matrix in the above aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet is made of glass fiber mat.
通过对芳纶材料和玻璃毡的选用,能进一步提高复合芳纶层与玻璃毡基体之间的结合强度,同时进一步提高芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材的如拉伸强度和弯曲强度等机械强度。Through the selection of aramid fiber material and glass mat, the bonding strength between the composite aramid fiber layer and the glass mat matrix can be further improved, and at the same time, the mechanical strength such as tensile strength and bending strength of the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet can be further improved .
由上述可知,上述实施例提供的芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材如拉伸强度、弯曲强度等机械强度和复合芳纶层与玻璃毡基体之间的结合强度高。通过对复合芳纶层的厚度,以及芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕的含量调节控制,能进一步提高芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材的相关机械性能。It can be seen from the above that the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet provided by the above examples has high mechanical strength such as tensile strength and bending strength and the bonding strength between the composite aramid fiber layer and the glass mat matrix. By adjusting and controlling the thickness of the composite aramid fiber layer and the content of the aramid fibers and aramid pulp, the relevant mechanical properties of the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet can be further improved.
相应地,本发明实施例还提供了上述芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材的一种制备方法。该方法包括如下步骤:Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet. The method comprises the steps of:
S01.配制含芳纶纤维和芳纶浆粕的芳纶浆料:将芳纶纤维浆料与芳纶浆粕浆料与分散剂混合,形成芳纶浆料;S01. Prepare aramid slurry containing aramid fiber and aramid pulp: mix aramid fiber slurry with aramid pulp slurry and dispersant to form aramid slurry;
S02.利用芳纶浆料制备芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸:将步骤S01中配制的芳纶浆料在玻璃毡上形成一复合芳纶涂层,经压轧、烘干和收卷处理得到芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸;S02. Utilize aramid fiber slurry to prepare aramid fiber-glass fiber composite rough paper: form a composite aramid fiber coating on the glass mat with the aramid fiber slurry prepared in step S01, and obtain through rolling, drying and winding treatment Aramid-glass fiber composite rough paper;
S03.芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸进行热压成型:将步骤S02制备的芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸于220-300℃下加压成型。S03. The aramid-glass fiber composite blank paper is subjected to hot-press molding: the aramid-glass fiber composite blank paper prepared in step S02 is press-molded at 220-300°C.
具体地,上述步骤S01中,芳纶浆料可以按照如下方法制备:将芳纶纤维配成分散液后,经高速分散制成芳纶纤维浆料。其中,该芳纶纤维可以选用聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺纤维、聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维、杂环类芳香族聚酰胺纤维中的一种或两种以上的混合物。其中,芳纶纤维可以是长为6-8mm的芳纶短纤维。Specifically, in the above step S01, the aramid fiber slurry can be prepared according to the following method: after the aramid fiber is formulated into a dispersion liquid, the aramid fiber slurry is prepared by high-speed dispersion. Among them, the aramid fiber can be selected from one or more mixtures of poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber, and heterocyclic aromatic polyamide fiber. . Wherein, the aramid fibers may be short aramid fibers with a length of 6-8mm.
芳纶浆粕浆料可以按照如下方法制备:将芳纶浆粕通过研磨处理,将制备成芳纶浆粕浆料。其中,芳纶浆粕可以选用聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺纤维浆粕、聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺纤维浆粕、杂环类芳香族聚酰胺纤维浆粕中的一种或两种以上的混合物。在一实施例中,该芳纶浆粕研磨处理后,使得芳纶浆粕的叩解度达到60-75°。该研磨处理可以采用盘磨机等工具,研磨的次数可以是多次,如1-3次,直至芳纶浆粕的叩解度达到60-75°。The aramid pulp slurry can be prepared according to the following method: the aramid pulp is processed by grinding to prepare the aramid pulp slurry. Among them, aramid pulp can be selected from one of poly-m-phenylene isophthalamide fiber pulp, poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide fiber pulp, and heterocyclic aromatic polyamide fiber pulp. or a mixture of two or more. In one embodiment, after the aramid pulp is ground, the beating degree of the aramid pulp reaches 60-75°. The grinding process can use tools such as disc mills, and the number of times of grinding can be multiple times, such as 1-3 times, until the beating degree of the aramid pulp reaches 60-75°.
另外,上述芳纶纤维浆料、芳纶浆粕浆料的配制过程中,其溶剂可以采用水。当然也可能根据需要,采用其他溶剂。只要是将其芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕配制成浆料的溶剂均在本发明实施例公开的范围。In addition, in the preparation process of the above-mentioned aramid fiber slurry and aramid pulp slurry, water can be used as the solvent. Of course, other solvents may also be used as required. As long as the aramid fiber and aramid pulp are prepared into the solvent of the slurry, they all fall within the scope disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.
在一实施例中,将芳纶纤维浆料与芳纶浆粕浆料与分散剂混合所形成的芳纶浆料浓度可以通过芳纶纤维浆料与芳纶浆粕浆料的浓度加以控制,如在一实施例中,该芳纶纤维浆料的质量浓度可以控制在1.5%-2%,具体的如1.5%、1.6%、1.7%、1.8%、1.9%、2.0%等。在另一实施例中,该芳纶浆粕浆料的质量浓度可以控制在1%-1.5%,具体的如1%、1.1%、1.2%、1.3%、1.4%、1.5%等。In one embodiment, the concentration of the aramid fiber slurry formed by mixing the aramid fiber slurry with the aramid pulp slurry and the dispersant can be controlled by the concentration of the aramid fiber slurry and the aramid pulp slurry, As in one embodiment, the mass concentration of the aramid fiber slurry can be controlled at 1.5%-2%, specifically 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2.0% and so on. In another embodiment, the mass concentration of the aramid pulp slurry can be controlled at 1%-1.5%, specifically 1%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5% and so on.
通过控制上述芳纶纤维浆料和芳纶浆粕浆料的添加量,可以实现最终芳纶浆料的浓度。在最终的芳纶浆料中,芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕的质量比控制在1:(0.2-3)。该质量比的芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕浆料,一方面能将芳纶浆料的浓度控制在最佳适于涂层工艺的浓度,以提高涂层的质量,并能使得芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕与玻璃毡基体互相渗透,另一方面能够提高复合片材的物理性能。The concentration of the final aramid pulp can be realized by controlling the addition amount of the above-mentioned aramid fiber pulp and aramid pulp pulp. In the final aramid pulp, the mass ratio of aramid fiber to aramid pulp is controlled at 1: (0.2-3). The mass ratio of aramid fiber and aramid pulp slurry can control the concentration of aramid slurry at the concentration that is most suitable for the coating process on the one hand, so as to improve the quality of the coating and make the aramid fiber , Aramid pulp and glass mat matrix interpenetrate, on the other hand, it can improve the physical properties of the composite sheet.
在配制芳纶浆料的过程中,为了使得芳纶纤维和芳纶浆粕能够均匀分散,还添加有分散剂,在一实施例中,该分散剂的添加量可以控制在0.001-0.1%。其中,该分散剂可以选用聚氧化乙烯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十六烷基溴化铵等。In the process of preparing the aramid pulp, in order to uniformly disperse the aramid fiber and aramid pulp, a dispersant is added. In one embodiment, the amount of the dispersant can be controlled at 0.001-0.1%. Wherein, the dispersant can be selected from polyethylene oxide, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, cetyl ammonium bromide and the like.
上述步骤S02中,在一实施例中,将所述芳纶浆料在玻璃毡上形成一复合芳纶涂层的方法为:利用抄纸机将所述芳纶浆料涂覆在所述玻璃毡表面上,以在所述玻璃毡表面上形成一复合芳纶涂层。其中,在一实施例中,该玻璃毡表面上形成的芳纶涂层的量满足:在最终成品中,所述复合芳纶层的厚度为0.1-1mm。通过控制芳纶浆料在玻璃毡表面上涂覆量,以实现控制最终成品芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材中复合芳纶层的量,从而使得芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材相应机械性能和结构牢固性能的提高。In the above step S02, in one embodiment, the method of forming a composite aramid coating on the glass mat with the aramid slurry is: using a paper machine to coat the aramid slurry on the glass mat on the surface of the glass mat to form a composite aramid coating on the surface of the glass mat. Wherein, in one embodiment, the amount of the aramid fiber coating formed on the surface of the glass mat satisfies: in the final product, the thickness of the composite aramid fiber layer is 0.1-1 mm. By controlling the amount of aramid slurry coated on the surface of the glass mat, the amount of the composite aramid layer in the final finished aramid-glass fiber composite sheet can be controlled, so that the corresponding mechanical properties and Improvement of structural firmness.
上述步骤S02中压轧、收卷处理可以采用常规的压轧、收卷处理工艺处理。为了使得芳纶浆料与玻璃毡的充分贯穿渗透,在一实施例中,该烘干处理包括一烘和二烘处理的过程中,其中,一烘处理的温度控制在60-80℃,二烘处理的温度控制在80-100℃。在进一步实施例中,通过一烘和二烘处理的时间控制,使得芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸中的溶剂如水含量控制在90-98°。The rolling and coiling treatment in the above step S02 can be processed by conventional rolling and coiling process. In order to fully penetrate the aramid pulp and the glass mat, in one embodiment, the drying treatment includes the process of first drying and second drying treatment, wherein the temperature of the first drying treatment is controlled at 60-80°C, and the second drying treatment is controlled at 60-80°C. The temperature of the drying treatment is controlled at 80-100°C. In a further embodiment, the solvent such as water content in the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite blank paper is controlled at 90-98° by controlling the time of the first drying and the second drying treatment.
上述步骤S03中,在对芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸进行加压成型处理之前,还包括放卷、导向辊、预热处理等步骤,该前期的放卷、导向辊、预热处理等步骤均可以按照本领域常规的处理即可。In the above step S03, before the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite rough paper is subjected to pressure molding treatment, steps such as unwinding, guide rollers, and preheating are also included. The steps of unwinding, guide rollers, and preheating in the early stage All can be processed according to the routine in this field.
芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸在加压成型处理过程中,经过加压热轧,形成与玻璃毡表面的芳纶层中的芳纶纤维和芳纶浆粕软化和融化,使得芳纶纤维之间,芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕与玻璃纤维之间,以及玻璃纤维之间相互粘合和贯穿,实现三者之间的互相作用,最终实现芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材优异相应机械性能和牢固特定的目的。因此,在一实施例中,芳纶-玻璃纤维复合毛坯纸于220-300℃下加压的压力控制在1MPa-50MPa。在一些具体实施例中,该加压成型的温度可以是230±5℃、250±5℃、280±5℃、290±5℃等。During the pressure forming process, the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite rough paper is pressed and hot-rolled to form the aramid fiber and aramid pulp in the aramid layer on the surface of the glass mat to soften and melt, so that the aramid fiber Between, aramid fibers, aramid pulp and glass fibers, and between glass fibers are bonded and penetrated to realize the interaction between the three, and finally achieve the excellent corresponding mechanical properties of aramid-glass fiber composite sheets and firm specific purpose. Therefore, in one embodiment, the pressure of the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite rough paper at 220-300° C. is controlled at 1 MPa-50 MPa. In some specific embodiments, the pressure forming temperature may be 230±5°C, 250±5°C, 280±5°C, 290±5°C, etc.
理所当然地,步骤S03经过加压成型后,还包括冷却辊冷却,切边、整形和收卷处理等步骤。Of course, step S03 also includes steps such as cooling of the cooling roll, edge trimming, shaping and winding after the press forming.
上述芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材制备方法将芳纶纤维与芳纶浆粕的混合浆料涂覆在玻璃毡表面上,随着芳纶纤维与浆粕均匀的复合在玻璃纤维毡上,芳纶会贯穿玻璃纤维毡,在加压成型时随着芳纶纤维的软化和融化,使得芳纶纤维之间,芳纶纤维、芳纶浆粕与玻璃纤维之间,以及玻璃纤维之间相互粘合和贯穿,避免芳纶纤维和玻璃纤维复合时需要加入其他粘结剂,也简化了制造工艺,显著降低了其生产成本,也使得产品性能稳定,合格率高。并使得最终成品的拉伸强度和弯曲强度等机械性能和牢固性能高,其表面相对光滑。In the preparation method of the above-mentioned aramid-glass fiber composite sheet, the mixed slurry of aramid fiber and aramid pulp is coated on the surface of the glass mat. Aramid will run through the glass fiber mat. When the aramid fiber is softened and melted during press molding, the aramid fiber, the aramid fiber, the aramid pulp and the glass fiber, and the glass fiber will stick to each other. Hehe penetration avoids the need to add other binders when aramid fiber and glass fiber are combined, simplifies the manufacturing process, significantly reduces its production cost, and also makes the product performance stable and high pass rate. And make the final product have high mechanical properties such as tensile strength and bending strength and strong performance, and its surface is relatively smooth.
现以具体芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材及其制备方法为例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。Now, the present invention will be further described in detail by taking specific aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet and its preparation method as an example.
实施例1Example 1
一种芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材及其制备方法。该芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材制备方法步骤如下:An aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method steps of the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet are as follows:
S11.将长为6mm的1313芳纶短纤维配成1.5%的分散液,高速分散制成1313芳纶纤维浆料;S11. 1313 aramid staple fibers with a length of 6 mm are made into 1.5% dispersion liquid, and dispersed at high speed to make 1313 aramid fiber slurry;
将原始叩解度为45°的1313芳纶浆粕配成1.5%的分散液,通过盘磨机盘磨2次后,叩解度达到65°,制备成1313芳纶浆粕浆料;The 1313 aramid pulp with an original knocking degree of 45° was formulated into a 1.5% dispersion liquid, and after being disc-grinded twice by a disc refiner, the knocking degree reached 65°, and a 1313 aramid pulp slurry was prepared;
将所述1313芳纶纤维浆料和所述1313芳纶浆粕浆料混合后加入分散液调配成芳纶浆料。其中,芳纶浆料中,1313芳纶纤维与1313芳纶浆粕的质量比为1:0.2;分散剂的添加量为0.001%,分散剂选用聚氧化乙烯;After mixing the 1313 aramid fiber slurry and the 1313 aramid pulp slurry, adding a dispersion liquid to prepare the aramid slurry. Among them, in the aramid pulp, the mass ratio of 1313 aramid fiber to 1313 aramid pulp is 1:0.2; the amount of dispersant added is 0.001%, and the dispersant is polyethylene oxide;
S12.将步骤S11配制的芳纶浆料通过玻璃纤维毡,经过滤、压轧、一烘、二烘和收卷即可得到芳纶-玻璃纤维毛坯纸。一烘温度控制在65℃,二烘温度控制在95℃,毛坯纸的水含量控制在96°;S12. Pass the aramid fiber slurry prepared in step S11 through a glass fiber mat, and then filter, press, first bake, second bake and wind up to obtain an aramid-glass fiber rough paper. The first drying temperature is controlled at 65°C, the second drying temperature is controlled at 95°C, and the water content of the rough paper is controlled at 96°C;
S13.将芳纶纤维毛坯纸通过放卷、导向辊、预热、加压热轧、冷却、切边、整形和收卷即可得到芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材。其中,在加压热轧处理过程中,温度为280℃,热轧速度为15米/分钟,热轧压力为20MPa;芳纶浆料所形成的复合芳纶层的厚度是0.3mm。S13. The aramid fiber blank paper is unwound, guided by rolls, preheated, pressurized and hot rolled, cooled, edge trimmed, shaped and rolled to obtain an aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet. Wherein, during the pressurized hot rolling process, the temperature is 280° C., the hot rolling speed is 15 m/min, and the hot rolling pressure is 20 MPa; the thickness of the composite aramid fiber layer formed by the aramid fiber slurry is 0.3 mm.
将本实施例1制备的芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材按照相应标准进行拉伸强度和弯曲强度测试。测试结果为:此复合片材的拉伸强度为250MPa,弯曲强度为340MPa。而且表面无毛丝,断面过度层厚,纤维结合紧密,无明显分离现象,芳纶层与玻璃层不能剥离。The aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet prepared in Example 1 was tested for tensile strength and bending strength according to corresponding standards. The test results are: the tensile strength of the composite sheet is 250MPa, and the bending strength is 340MPa. Moreover, there is no hair on the surface, the cross-section is excessively thick, the fibers are closely combined, and there is no obvious separation phenomenon. The aramid fiber layer and the glass layer cannot be peeled off.
实施例2Example 2
一种芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材及其制备方法。该芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材制备方法步骤如下:An aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method steps of the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet are as follows:
S21.将长为6mm的1414芳纶短纤维配成1.5%的分散液,高速分散制成1414芳纶纤维浆料;S21. 1414 aramid staple fibers with a length of 6 mm are made into 1.5% dispersion liquid, and dispersed at high speed to make 1414 aramid fiber slurry;
将原始叩解度为45°的1414芳纶浆粕配成1.5%的分散液,通过盘磨机盘磨2次后,叩解度达到65°,制备成1414芳纶浆粕浆料;The 1414 aramid pulp with an original beating degree of 45° was made into a 1.5% dispersion liquid, and after being disc-grinded twice by a disc refiner, the beating degree reached 65°, and the 1414 aramid pulp slurry was prepared;
将所述1414芳纶纤维浆料和所述1414芳纶浆粕浆料混合后加入分散液调配成芳纶浆料。其中,芳纶浆料中,1414芳纶纤维与1414芳纶浆粕的质量比为1:3;分散剂的添加量为0.01%,分散剂选用十二烷基苯磺酸钠;After mixing the 1414 aramid fiber slurry and the 1414 aramid pulp slurry, adding a dispersion liquid to prepare the aramid slurry. Among them, in the aramid pulp, the mass ratio of 1414 aramid fiber to 1414 aramid pulp is 1:3; the amount of dispersant added is 0.01%, and the dispersant is sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate;
S22.将步骤S21配制的芳纶浆料通过玻璃纤维毡,经过滤、压轧、一烘、二烘和收卷即可得到芳纶-玻璃纤维毛坯纸。一烘温度控制在65℃,二烘温度控制在95℃,毛坯纸的水含量控制在96°;S22. Pass the aramid fiber slurry prepared in step S21 through a glass fiber mat, and then filter, press, first bake, second bake and wind up to obtain an aramid-glass fiber rough paper. The first drying temperature is controlled at 65°C, the second drying temperature is controlled at 95°C, and the water content of the rough paper is controlled at 96°C;
S13.将芳纶纤维毛坯纸通过放卷、导向辊、预热、加压热轧、冷却、切边、整形和收卷即可得到芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材。其中,在加压热轧处理过程中,温度为280℃,热轧速度为15米/分钟,热轧压力为50MPa;芳纶浆料所形成的复合芳纶层的厚度是0.1mm。或者该复合芳纶层与玻璃毡基体的重量比是多少。S13. The aramid fiber blank paper is unwound, guided by rolls, preheated, pressurized and hot rolled, cooled, edge trimmed, shaped and rolled to obtain an aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet. Wherein, during the pressurized hot rolling process, the temperature is 280° C., the hot rolling speed is 15 m/min, and the hot rolling pressure is 50 MPa; the thickness of the composite aramid fiber layer formed by the aramid fiber slurry is 0.1 mm. Or what is the weight ratio of the composite aramid layer to the glass mat matrix.
将本实施例2制备的芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材按照相应标准进行拉伸强度和弯曲强度测试。测试结果为:此复合片材的拉伸强度为220MPa,弯曲强度为280MPa。而且表面无毛丝,断面过度层厚,纤维结合紧密,无明显分离现象,芳纶层与玻璃层不能剥离。The aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet prepared in Example 2 was tested for tensile strength and bending strength according to corresponding standards. The test results are: the tensile strength of the composite sheet is 220MPa, and the bending strength is 280MPa. Moreover, there is no hair on the surface, the cross-section is excessively thick, the fibers are closely combined, and there is no obvious separation phenomenon. The aramid fiber layer and the glass layer cannot be peeled off.
实施例3Example 3
一种芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材及其制备方法。该芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材制备方法步骤如下:An aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method steps of the aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet are as follows:
S31.将长为6mm的1313芳纶短纤维配成1.5%的分散液,高速分散制成1414芳纶纤维浆料;S31. 1313 aramid staple fibers with a length of 6 mm are made into 1.5% dispersion liquid, and dispersed at high speed to make 1414 aramid fiber slurry;
将原始叩解度为45°的1313芳纶浆粕配成1.5%的分散液,通过盘磨机盘磨2次后,叩解度达到65°,制备成1313芳纶浆粕浆料;The 1313 aramid pulp with an original knocking degree of 45° was formulated into a 1.5% dispersion liquid, and after being disc-grinded twice by a disc refiner, the knocking degree reached 65°, and a 1313 aramid pulp slurry was prepared;
将所述1313芳纶纤维浆料和所述1313芳纶浆粕浆料混合后加入分散液调配成芳纶浆料。其中,芳纶浆料中,1313芳纶纤维与1313芳纶浆粕的质量比为1:1;分散剂的添加量为0.1%,分散剂选用十六烷基溴化铵;After mixing the 1313 aramid fiber slurry and the 1313 aramid pulp slurry, adding a dispersion liquid to prepare the aramid slurry. Among them, in the aramid pulp, the mass ratio of 1313 aramid fiber to 1313 aramid pulp is 1:1; the amount of dispersant added is 0.1%, and the dispersant is cetyl ammonium bromide;
S32.将步骤S31配制的芳纶浆料通过玻璃纤维毡,经过滤、压轧、一烘、二烘和收卷即可得到芳纶-玻璃纤维毛坯纸。一烘温度控制在65℃,二烘温度控制在95℃,毛坯纸的水含量控制在96°;S32. Pass the aramid fiber slurry prepared in step S31 through a glass fiber mat, and then filter, press, first bake, second bake and wind up to obtain an aramid-glass fiber rough paper. The first drying temperature is controlled at 65°C, the second drying temperature is controlled at 95°C, and the water content of the rough paper is controlled at 96°C;
将本实施例3制备的芳纶-玻璃纤维复合片材按照相应标准进行拉伸强度和弯曲强度测试。测试结果为:此复合片材的拉伸强度为140MPa,弯曲强度为230MPa。而且表面有明显玻璃毛丝,断面过度层很薄,两种纤维间有明显的分界面,芳纶层与玻璃层能剥离。The aramid fiber-glass fiber composite sheet prepared in Example 3 was tested for tensile strength and bending strength according to corresponding standards. The test results are: the tensile strength of the composite sheet is 140MPa, and the bending strength is 230MPa. Moreover, there are obvious glass wool on the surface, the cross-section layer is very thin, and there is an obvious interface between the two fibers, and the aramid fiber layer and the glass layer can be peeled off.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.
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