CN104108116A - 接装纸的等离子打孔的方法和装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种接装纸(4)等离子打孔的工艺和装置,该工艺,混合气体在点状能量源的作用下,在接装纸(4)的表面被电离,即时产生低温等离子(3),在这过程中,混合气体只在接装纸(4)表面极小的、限定范围内被电离。该装置,其能量源以90°角正对接装纸(4),而该能量源有一尖头,能量光正是从这一正对接装纸(4)的能量源尖头发出,能量源置于一空心管中(1),其正对接装纸(4)一端安装有一喷嘴(1.1),作为受压力作用的混合气体的出口,能量源的尖端置于喷嘴(1.1)内,并与喷嘴同心共轴。本发明相对于激光打孔和机械打孔,等离子打孔能产生非常小的孔径,与静电打孔相比,能得到非常精确的孔径及位置,可避免孔边的燃烧痕迹可见。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及接装纸的等离子打孔的方法和装置。
背景技术
一根普通的过滤嘴香烟的五个基本部分是烟叶段,包裹烟叶段的卷烟纸,过滤嘴,成型纸和接装纸(水松纸)。
水松纸,也称为“接装纸”,包裹着过滤嘴和成型纸。它是人在吸烟时嘴唇接触到过滤嘴香烟的那个部分。一般情况下接装纸在过滤嘴香烟的纵向会伸出,往烟叶段的纵向区域稍微伸出,包裹住卷烟纸并通过胶水与卷烟纸粘合。通过粘合的产生,过滤嘴部分和烟叶段部分在烟机上以机械方式连接到一起。接装纸大多实际上是纸张,它可以是薄膜或箔片。在接装纸作为薄膜或箔片形成的情况下,它可能含有纤维素水合物。
通常接装纸的印刷在视觉上应该要吸引人。此类印刷经常会用到通用花纹。在接近烟叶段的一端,接装纸通常是部分打孔的,这样在抽烟时可使周围空气进入过滤嘴,与烟叶段产生的烟气混合,使吸入量减少。
接装纸一般在印刷后打孔,这是为了避免如果先打孔再印刷,孔会重新被堵住。
纸张、纸幅或其他材料的打孔,根据现有技术可运用三种打孔方式:
—机械打孔;
—激光打孔;
—静电打孔。
机械打孔使用尖锐的针头或针垫刺穿接装纸。这种方法在EP0222973A1有关成型纸打孔中有描述。用这种方法通风孔的直径(孔的尺寸)大约是0.05到0.4mm。其缺点是,针受到机械磨损,孔的尺寸会有波动,因此需要经常更换针以保证孔的大小一致。
激光打孔时纸张被一束光束打穿。这种方法在DE2751522A1和DE102004001327A1中有描述。孔的尺寸与机械打孔时大小相当,孔的直径最小可以是0.05mm。与机械打孔相比好的地方在于,装置不会有磨损,孔的直径和位置可以非常准确地控制。其缺点是,不能打出直径小于0.05mm的孔。
静电打孔是通过电火花放电燃烧纸张进行打孔的。使用针形电极,放在纸幅的一侧。在另一侧放置平的反电极,或再次放置多个针形电极。针形电极和反电极是用纸幅和狭窄的空气间隙分开的。在电极上施加高电压,通过空气间隙和纸幅放电。由于电弧放电产生高热能,纸幅小面积燃烧形成孔。有利的是,可以产生直径为0.01mm很小的孔。缺点是由于燃烧,孔边会出现可见的痕迹(燃烧边缘),由于很难控制放电,孔的大小分布不均,并且由于放电会出现火花飞溅,导致想要的孔旁又产生极小的孔。静电打孔在DE3016622(A1),US4094324(A)和DE2934045(A1)中都有举例。
发明内容
本发明的任务是发明一种能产生孔径小到0.01mm,且能避免静电打孔的缺点的打孔方法。
为完成这项任务,建议通过产生具有特殊性能的低温等离子体对接装纸进行打孔。
本发明所面临的挑战是产生一种可控制、可复制的低温等离子体,如此方可在接装纸上达到精确的孔大小和位置。等离子体是经气体或气体混合物的离子化产生。对于离子化程度和等离子体温度,除了供给的能源和压力外,特别是气体和离子化的气体混合物的成分也至关重要。
如果固体接触到低温等离子体,它的表面会发生两种反应,即升华和氧化。升华是物质从固态直接过渡到气态。氧化是化学物质的电子释放所形成的化学反应。化学物质接触到氧气后的氧化可以在火焰形成即燃烧时观察到。初始材料通过氧化被改变,产生新的化学成分。
如果混合气中的低温等离子体在临近接装纸的表面形成,通过上述提到的两种效果,在低温等离子体区域会形成一个孔。升华的效果优于氧化(燃烧)效果,因为氧化可能导致不良的燃烧产物,这些产物取决于初始原料的成分,也可能产生毒性。燃烧产物可能是以燃烧残余物的形式可见,从而影响视觉效果,并且在某些情况下改变香烟的味道。升华时接装纸的固态物质蒸发,不留剩余物。因此在本发明中产生低温等离子体,并控制它的属性,使之几乎只发生升华反应。
技术上来讲,这种转换是指在接装纸的局部表面区域施加定义好的混合气或特定气体,该气体通过限定时间的、供应的一束能量被离子化。因此混合气与供应的能量只能在一个很有限的区域内相遇,也就是说,低温等离子体只能在很小的区域内产生,并与接装纸表面的相当小的部分接触到。这将造成孔径很小,孔的定位精度很高。
本发明优于现有的技术,因为相对于激光打孔和机械打孔,等离子打孔能产生非常小的孔径,与静电打孔相比,又能得到非常精确的孔径及位置。与静电打孔相比还有一个优势,就是可以避免孔边的燃烧痕迹可见。
附图说明
图1:本发明装置的剖视图举例。
图2:本发明装置的剖视图的第2个例子。
图3:本发明装置的举例,其中激光束被用作能量源。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步描述。
图1中展示了一个本发明的装置,用于纸幅的等离子打孔,特别是接装纸纸幅或接装纸4的等离子打孔。在接装纸4平坦的一侧放置了一个尽可能小面积的能量源。在这个例子中,一个针形的电极2被当做能量源使用,更准确地说是在两个电极2和5中施加电压。电极2被装在管1上。管1用于输送加压的气体或气体混合物。为了更好地理解,图中的气流用箭头进行标识。在管1的前端有一个喷头1.1,用于把气流变窄。这个喷头1.1安装在它对着接装纸4的尖端处,与电极2同心。通过被管1和喷头1.1封闭起来的空腔1.2,加压的气体或气体混合物会环形绕着电极2被导入接装纸4的方向。在接装纸4的另一侧也有一个针形的反电极5或如图2所示一个平的反电极5。
当高浓度的惰性气体或混合气体注入空心管1.2后,气体就停留在空管的中间位置,在电极2的顶部和接装纸4处的狭长部位与另一部分的混合气体相遇。这一区域的惰性气体浓度相比直接从喷嘴1.1喷出的浓度稍微低些,因此比较容易在此区域电离该气体、在有限区域内产生等离子3,等离子升华在接装纸4上打孔。由于等离子气体3中惰性气体的浓度比较高,不容易在接装纸4表面氧化,因此孔洞周围不会产生可见的灼烧痕迹。通过改变喷嘴1.1的宽度,或者通过改变电极2露出喷嘴1.1的距离,可调节惰性气体浓度较低区域的范围,以增加或减少等离子的量。装置的最佳配置、惰性气体或混合气体的最佳组成,需通过实验获得,因为这些与需打孔的材料特性,特别是接装纸4的特性密切相关。
图纸3绘制了带激光器的发明装置。空心管1的最下端同样连接了一个喷嘴1.1。喷嘴中心处安装有一镜片7,主要有两个功能。镜片7的第一个功能是将激光器6发射的激光聚焦到接装纸表面,第二个功能是将按需要调节喷嘴1.1喷出的气体流,使气体流成环状围绕镜片7。为使惰性气体或混合气体围绕镜片7喷出,镜片必须用极细的线与空心管1固定,或使镜片7位于笔直的光导纤维的末端,而光导纤维必须如电极2一样,垂直通过空心管。这种情况下,等离子3仅处于激光6能量足够强的区域,使该区域的混合气体浓度足够、但尽可能低,然后进行电离。镜片7的燃烧点是激光6能量最高、而惰性气体浓度最低的部位,因此可以产生区域性的、小面积的等离子3。
惰性气体可采用氮气(N2)、氩气(Ar)、或二氧化碳(CO2)等。惰性气体或混合气体是在压力下离开喷嘴1.1的,电极或镜片7处形成的环形气体浓度比刚离开电极2或镜片7时的浓度要高。一种气体的浓度约高,电离这种气体所需的能量就约大。此外,气流还能起到冲刷离子和电子的作用。这两个效果实际上也起到了限制等离子3区域的作用。最重要的是,通过使用激光6作为能量来源,以压缩空气作为混合气体已经足够起到作用,因为以激光产生的等离子3,其升华作用会超过氧化作用。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明任何形式上和实质上的限制,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,还将可以做出若干改进和补充,这些改进和补充也应视为落入本发明的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,当可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化,均为本发明的等效实施例;同时,凡依据本发明的实质技术对上述实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变,均仍属于本发明的技术方案的范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种接装纸(4)等离子打孔工艺,其特征在于,混合气体在点状能量源的作用下在接装纸(4)表面即时被电离从而产生低温等离子(3),而混合气体只在接装纸(4)表面极小的、限定范围内被电离。
2.如权利要求1所述的接装纸(4)等离子打孔工艺,其特征在于,可电离的混合气体,因被较高浓度的惰性气体包围,在能量源处不被电离。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的接装纸(4)等离子打孔工艺,其特征在于,受压力作用的惰性气体或含有高浓度惰性气体的混合气体,在能量源周围构成环形,喷向接装纸(4)。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的接装纸(4)等离子打孔工艺,其特征在于,能量源由两个相隔的电极(2,5)组成,接装纸(4)和可电离的混合气体位于这两个电极相隔的空隙处,当电极(2,5)之间施加电压时,可电离混合气体被电离。
5.如权利要求4所述的接装纸(4)等离子打孔工艺,其特征在于,两个电极(2,5)呈针型。
6.如权利要求4所述的接装纸(4)等离子打孔工艺,其特征在于,一个电极(2)呈针型,另一个相对电极(5)为平头。
7.如权利要求1或2所述工艺,其特征在于,能量源为一激光器(6),一头正对接装纸(4),可电离气体或混合气体置于激光器(6)中,并由其电离。
8.如权利要求7所述工艺,其特征在于,镜片(7)对处在最低浓度的惰性气体区域的激光进行聚焦。
9.对接装纸(4)进行等离子打孔的装置,其能量源以90°角正对接装纸(4),而该能量源有一尖头,能量光正是从这一正对接装纸(4)的能量源尖头发出,其特征在于,能量源置于一空心管中(1),其正对接装纸(4)的一端安装有一喷嘴(1.1),作为受压力作用的混合气体的出口,能量源的尖端置于喷嘴(1.1)内,并与喷嘴同心共轴。
10.如权利要求9所述的对接装纸(4)进行等离子打孔的装置,其特征在于,能量源的尖端正对接装纸(4)方向超出喷嘴口(1.1)。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA50268/2013A AT514283B1 (de) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-04-19 | Plasmaperforation |
| ATA50268/2013 | 2013-04-19 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104108116A true CN104108116A (zh) | 2014-10-22 |
| CN104108116B CN104108116B (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
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| CN201310271017.6A Active CN104108116B (zh) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-06-28 | 接装纸的等离子打孔的方法和装置 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US9622509B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2986169B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP6241904B2 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR102046211B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN104108116B (zh) |
| AR (1) | AR096043A1 (zh) |
| AT (1) | AT514283B1 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR112015026005B1 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2908173C (zh) |
| CL (1) | CL2015003058A1 (zh) |
| EA (1) | EA032961B1 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2723889T3 (zh) |
| HU (1) | HUE043047T2 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MX369400B (zh) |
| PH (1) | PH12015502279B1 (zh) |
| TR (1) | TR201905817T4 (zh) |
| TW (1) | TWI592268B (zh) |
| UA (1) | UA119139C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2014169313A1 (zh) |
| ZA (1) | ZA201508318B (zh) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110074451A (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-08-02 | 南京智晟达自动化科技有限公司 | 一种预防烟支燃烧的激光控制装置 |
| TWI913579B (zh) | 2022-09-21 | 2026-02-01 | 南韓商韓國煙草人參股份有限公司 | 多孔吸煙材料包裝物及包含其之吸煙製品 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT515408B1 (de) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-09-15 | Tannpapier Gmbh | Diffusionsoptimiertes Mundstückbelagpapier |
| CN106217480B (zh) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-06-19 | 潍坊华港包装材料有限公司 | 接装纸打孔装置 |
| KR20240040240A (ko) * | 2022-09-21 | 2024-03-28 | 주식회사 케이티앤지 | 다공성 흡연물질 래퍼 및 이를 포함하는 흡연물품 |
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| CN110074451A (zh) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-08-02 | 南京智晟达自动化科技有限公司 | 一种预防烟支燃烧的激光控制装置 |
| TWI913579B (zh) | 2022-09-21 | 2026-02-01 | 南韓商韓國煙草人參股份有限公司 | 多孔吸煙材料包裝物及包含其之吸煙製品 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104108116B (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
| AT514283B1 (de) | 2015-09-15 |
| EP2986169A1 (de) | 2016-02-24 |
| EA201591934A1 (ru) | 2016-04-29 |
| KR102046211B1 (ko) | 2019-11-18 |
| CA2908173C (en) | 2020-03-24 |
| TW201446448A (zh) | 2014-12-16 |
| ZA201508318B (en) | 2017-01-25 |
| JP6241904B2 (ja) | 2017-12-06 |
| HK1202096A1 (zh) | 2015-09-18 |
| KR20150144766A (ko) | 2015-12-28 |
| US9622509B2 (en) | 2017-04-18 |
| ES2723889T3 (es) | 2019-09-03 |
| MX369400B (es) | 2019-11-07 |
| UA119139C2 (uk) | 2019-05-10 |
| BR112015026005B1 (pt) | 2020-09-24 |
| PH12015502279A1 (en) | 2016-02-01 |
| CL2015003058A1 (es) | 2016-04-29 |
| CA2908173A1 (en) | 2014-10-23 |
| WO2014169313A1 (de) | 2014-10-23 |
| US20160058067A1 (en) | 2016-03-03 |
| PH12015502279B1 (en) | 2016-02-01 |
| HUE043047T2 (hu) | 2019-07-29 |
| TWI592268B (zh) | 2017-07-21 |
| AT514283A1 (de) | 2014-11-15 |
| JP2016524460A (ja) | 2016-08-18 |
| BR112015026005A2 (pt) | 2017-07-25 |
| AR096043A1 (es) | 2015-12-02 |
| EA032961B1 (ru) | 2019-08-30 |
| TR201905817T4 (tr) | 2019-05-21 |
| MX2015014628A (es) | 2016-03-01 |
| EP2986169B1 (de) | 2019-02-06 |
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