CH223066A - Method of making a linear polyester. - Google Patents
Method of making a linear polyester.Info
- Publication number
- CH223066A CH223066A CH223066DA CH223066A CH 223066 A CH223066 A CH 223066A CH 223066D A CH223066D A CH 223066DA CH 223066 A CH223066 A CH 223066A
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- sep
- acid
- making
- linear polyester
- condensation
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002955 Art silk Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3S)-octan-3-ol Natural products CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAXJSQREIWGYCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(carboxymethyl)cyclohexyl]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1CCC(CC(O)=O)CC1 WAXJSQREIWGYCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDBZEBXYXWWDPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OCCC(O)=O WDBZEBXYXWWDPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSZWWUDQMAHNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound OCC(O)CCl SSZWWUDQMAHNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QEVGZEDELICMKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COCC(O)=O QEVGZEDELICMKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetoacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(O)=O WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N mono-n-propyl amine Natural products CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KVKFRMCSXWQSNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CNCCNC KVKFRMCSXWQSNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- UVZICZIVKIMRNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CSCC(O)=O UVZICZIVKIMRNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/68—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
- C08G63/685—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing nitrogen
- C08G63/6854—Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen containing nitrogen derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/6856—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/44—Polyester-amides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines linearen Polyesters. Es wurde gefunden, da.ss man wertvolle, für die Behandlung von Textilien besonders geeignete, lineare Polyester erhält, wenn man die Polyester derart aufbaut, dass sie basi schen Stickstoff enthalten. Unter basischem Stickstoff wird dabei Stickstoff verstanden, der noch zur Salzbildung fähig ist hezw. der in quaternärer Form vorliegt.
Dies geschieht beispielsweise durch Kondensation von Dnear- bonsäuren mit Dialkoholen, wobei mindestens eine Reaktionskomponente Basisehen Stick stoff enthält. Die Kondensation selbst erfolgt in bekannter Weise, z. B. durch Erhitzen der Komponenten auf höhere Temperatur unter Wasserabspaltung. Statt der Dialkohole und Säuren können dabei in bekannter Weise auch ihre funktionellen Derivate verwendet werden, z.
B. Alkalialkoholate und Säure chloride oder -anhydride. Um Verbindungen von besonders guter Wirkung zu erhalten, ist es zweckmässig, die Kondensation abzu brechen, bevor die Kondensationsprodukte stark klebrig und fadenziehend werden" bezw. durch geeignete Wahl der Komponen ten dafür zu .sorgen, dass die Polyesterketten nicht zu lang werden.
Als geeignete Aus gangsstoffe seien beispielsweise genannt: Bernsteinsäure, Adipinsäure, Methyladipin- säure, Sebazinsäure, 1,4-Cyclohexandiessig- säure, Di- (,B-oxyäthyl)-methylamin, N,N'- Dioxäthyläthylendiamin, N-Dimethyl-dioxy- propylamin, 1VIethyliminodiessigsäure, N,
N'- Dimethyläthylendiamin:diessigsäure, Äthy- lenglykol, 1,4-Butylenglykol, Glycerinmono- chlorhydrin.
Weiterhin können die Polyester auch so aufgebaut werden, dass die Kohlenstoffkette ausser durch Estergruppen noch durch andere Atome oder Atomgruppen unterbrochen ist, beispielsweise durch: -0-, -S-, -CO . NIH-, -SO= . NH- bezw. -NH . CO . NH-. Aufbaukomponenten für derartige Stoffe sind z.
B. Diglykolsäure, Thiodiglykolsäure. Ausserdem sind solche Kondensationsprodukte mit Kettenunterbrechung herstellbar durch Mitverwendung von aminogruppenhaltigen Stoffen wie z. B. Äthanolamin, 4-Oxy- butylamin-1, a, a-Dimethylhydrocrylsäure, Butyrolacton, -Amincaprolactam. Hexame- thylendiamin und ss, ss'-Daminodiäthyläther.
Für die Herstellung der Polyester können auch mehr als zwei verschiedene Ausgangs komponenten benutzt werden. Ferner können bis zu einem gewissen Mass bei der Konden sation auch Verbindungen anwesend sein, die nur eine reaktionsfähige Gruppe enthal ten, wie z. B. Monoalkohole (Butylalkohol, Äthylhexanol) oder Amine wie Stearyl- amin, Octylamin, Benzylamin,
Diäthylamino- äthanol oder Monocarbonsäuren. Zusätze die ser Art wirken regelnd auf den Verhinf der Kondensation, da sie kettenabbrechend wir ken und somit die Bildung zu hochmolekula rer Produkte verhindern.
Diese linearen, basischen Stickstoff ent haltenden Polyester können in der gleichen Weise wie die bisher bekannten Präpara- tions- und Appreturmittel auf das zu behan delnde Textilgut aufgebracht werden, z. B. auf Rohbaumwollstapel, rohe Kunstseide, Zellwolle, Halbwolle, Wolle und Seide bezw. Garne oder Fertigwaren daraus, die auch ge färbt sein können.
Man behandelt beispiels weise die Textilstoffe in wässrigen Bädern, welche die vorliegenden Behandlungsmittel in Lösung oder Emulsion enthalten, oder man sprüht wässrige Lösungen bezw. Emulsionen der Behandlungsmittel auf. Die Menge der zur Anwendung kommenden Behandlungs-) mittel richtet sich nach der gewünschten Wirkung und liegt im allgemeinen zwischen 0,1 und 20%, bezogen auf das Fasergewicht. Die Polyester können auch zusammen mit andern Behandlungsmitteln, z.
B. zusammen mit auf Fettbasis aufgebauten Weichmachern, angewandt werden.
Gegenstand des vorliegenden Patentes ist nun ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines linearen Polyesters, das dadurch gekenn zeichnet ist, dass man 1 Mol Adipinsäure mit 1,4-Butylenglykol und ss, ss'-Dioxäthyl- methylamin, zusammen in einer Menge von etwa 1 Mol kondensiert.
Das erhältliche Gemisch ist hellgefärbt und von viskoser bis wachsartiger Beschaf fenheit. Das Produkt eignet sich als Weich macher für Kunstseide.
<I>Beispiel 1:</I> 43,8 Gewichtsteile reine Adipinsäure, 14,2 Gewichtsteile 1.4-Butylenglykol und 18,8 Gewichtsteile ss, ss'-Dioxäthylmethylamin werden unter Luftabschluss und Durchleiten eines sauerstofffreien Stickstoffstromes am absteigenden Kühler 4 Stunden auf 180-200 und anschliessend bei 3 mm Druck 3 Stunden auf 250 erhitzt.
Es wird ein Hel les viskoses (l erhalten., das bei längerem Stehen langsam erstarrt; .verdünnter Solo- lösung unlöslich, in' verdünnter Essigsäure jedoch leicht löslich ist.
Wird spinnfeuchte Kupferkunstseide in eurem Flottenverhältnis 1 : 20 25 Minuten bei 60-70 in einem Bad behandelt, das im Liter 3 g des obigen Kondensationsproduktes und 1,5<B>cm'</B> Eisessig enthält, so ist die Kunstseide noch weich und glatt, und kann gut weiterverarbeitet werden.
<I>Beispiel 2:</I> 1,314 kg Adipinsäure, 225 g ss, ss'-Diox- äthylmethylamin und<B>681</B> g 1: 4-Butylengly- kol werden unter Durchleiten von Stickstoff am absteigenden Kühler auf 160 erhitzt. Die Temperatur wird innerhalb 3 Stunden auf 200 gesteigert. Unter Abspaltung von H20 entsteht ein hellgelbes 01, das beim Ab kühlen zu einer wachsartigen Masse erstarrt.
Ausbeute etwa 1870,g.
Wird spinngefärbte Kunstseide in einem Flottenverhältnis 1 :20 bei<B>60-70'</B> 15 Mi nuten in einem Bade lxeliandelt, das im Liter 5 g obigen Produktes und 2;5 cm' Eisessig enthält, nach dem Abschleudern etwa 2 Stun den bei 80-100 getrocknet und anschliessend konditioniert, so wird eine Kunstseide er halten, die weich und glatt ist, nicht ver klebt und einwandfrei weiterverarbeitet wer den kann. i
Process for making a linear polyester. It has been found that valuable linear polyesters which are particularly suitable for the treatment of textiles are obtained if the polyesters are built up in such a way that they contain basic nitrogen. Basic nitrogen is understood to mean nitrogen which is still capable of salt formation. which is in quaternary form.
This is done, for example, by condensing dearonic acids with dialcohols, at least one reaction component containing basic nitrogen. The condensation itself takes place in a known manner, for. B. by heating the components to a higher temperature with elimination of water. Instead of the dialcohols and acids, their functional derivatives can also be used in a known manner, eg.
B. Alkali alcoholates and acid chlorides or anhydrides. In order to obtain compounds that are particularly effective, it is advisable to break off the condensation before the condensation products become very sticky and stringy, or by choosing a suitable component to ensure that the polyester chains are not too long.
Suitable starting materials are, for example: succinic acid, adipic acid, methyladipic acid, sebacic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanediacetic acid, di- (, B-oxyethyl) methylamine, N, N'-dioxäthylethylenediamine, N-dimethyl-dioxy- propylamine, 1VIethyliminodiacetic acid, N,
N'-dimethylethylenediamine: diacetic acid, ethylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, glycerol monochlorohydrin.
Furthermore, the polyesters can also be constructed in such a way that the carbon chain is interrupted not only by ester groups but also by other atoms or atom groups, for example by: -0-, -S-, -CO. NIH-, -SO =. NH- respectively. -NH. CO. NH-. Structural components for such substances are z.
B. diglycolic acid, thiodiglycolic acid. In addition, such condensation products with chain interruption can be prepared by using amino-containing substances such. B. ethanolamine, 4-oxy-butylamine-1, a, a-dimethylhydrocrylic acid, butyrolactone, amincaprolactam. Hexamethylene diamine and ss, ss'-dimino diethyl ether.
More than two different starting components can be used for the production of the polyester. Furthermore, to a certain extent in the condensation also compounds may be present that contain only one reactive group, such as. B. Mono alcohols (butyl alcohol, ethylhexanol) or amines such as stearylamine, octylamine, benzylamine,
Diethylamino ethanol or monocarboxylic acids. Additions of this kind have a regulating effect on preventing condensation, as they break the chain and thus prevent the formation of products that are too high in molecular weight.
These linear, basic nitrogen-ent containing polyesters can be applied to the textile material to be treated in the same way as the previously known preparation and finishing agents, eg. B. on raw cotton stacks, raw rayon, rayon, half wool, wool and silk respectively. Yarn or finished goods made therefrom, which may also be colored.
For example, the textiles are treated in aqueous baths which contain the present treatment agents in solution or emulsion, or aqueous solutions are sprayed or respectively. Emulsions of the treatment agents. The amount of treatment agent used depends on the desired effect and is generally between 0.1 and 20%, based on the weight of the fiber. The polyesters can also be used together with other treatment agents, e.g.
B. can be used together with plasticizers based on fat.
The present patent now relates to a process for the production of a linear polyester which is characterized in that 1 mol of adipic acid is condensed with 1,4-butylene glycol and ss, ss'-dioxäthylmethylamine, together in an amount of about 1 mol .
The mixture that can be obtained is light-colored and has a viscous to waxy texture. The product is suitable as a softener for artificial silk.
<I> Example 1: </I> 43.8 parts by weight of pure adipic acid, 14.2 parts by weight of 1,4-butylene glycol and 18.8 parts by weight of ss, ss'-dioxäthylmethylamin are in the absence of air and passing through an oxygen-free nitrogen stream on the descending condenser for 4 hours -200 and then heated to 250 for 3 hours at 3 mm pressure.
A viscous light is obtained, which slowly solidifies on standing for a long time; insoluble in dilute solo solution, but easily soluble in dilute acetic acid.
If spinning-moist copper artificial silk is treated in a liquor ratio of 1: 20 for 25 minutes at 60-70 in a bath which contains 3 g of the above condensation product and 1.5 <B> cm '</B> glacial acetic acid per liter, the artificial silk is still soft and smooth, and can be easily processed.
<I> Example 2: </I> 1.314 kg of adipic acid, 225 g of SS, SS'-dioxethylmethylamine and <B> 681 </B> g of 1: 4-butylene glycol are passed through on the descending condenser while nitrogen is passed through 160 heated. The temperature is increased to 200 within 3 hours. With the elimination of H20, a light yellow oil is formed, which solidifies to a waxy mass on cooling.
Yield about 1870, g.
Is spun-dyed rayon in a liquor ratio 1:20 at <B> 60-70 '</B> 15 minutes in a bath containing 5 g of the above product and 2; 5 cm' of glacial acetic acid per liter, after spinning about 2 If dried at 80-100 hours and then conditioned, the result is an artificial silk that is soft and smooth, does not stick and can be processed further. i
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE223066X | 1939-10-30 | ||
| DE301039X | 1939-10-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CH223066A true CH223066A (en) | 1942-08-31 |
Family
ID=30116475
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH223066D CH223066A (en) | 1939-10-30 | 1940-10-01 | Method of making a linear polyester. |
| CH227070D CH227070A (en) | 1939-10-30 | 1940-10-01 | Method of making a linear polyester. |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH227070D CH227070A (en) | 1939-10-30 | 1940-10-01 | Method of making a linear polyester. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (2) | CH223066A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH610473B5 (en) * | 1972-08-24 | 1979-04-30 | Dynacore Sa | Generator of isochronous reference periods which can be used for measuring time and can be readjusted, and use of this generator |
| CH621036B (en) * | 1977-02-28 | Berney Sa Jean Claude | INTEGRATED CIRCUIT FOR WATCHMAKING PART. | |
| US4199726A (en) * | 1977-09-23 | 1980-04-22 | Bukosky Allen A | Digitally tunable integrated circuit pulse generator and tuning system |
-
1940
- 1940-10-01 CH CH223066D patent/CH223066A/en unknown
- 1940-10-01 CH CH227070D patent/CH227070A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH227070A (en) | 1943-05-15 |
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