[go: up one dir, main page]

CA1207320A - Simultaneous extraction of lipids and polyphenols from flaked sunflower seeds - Google Patents

Simultaneous extraction of lipids and polyphenols from flaked sunflower seeds

Info

Publication number
CA1207320A
CA1207320A CA000414102A CA414102A CA1207320A CA 1207320 A CA1207320 A CA 1207320A CA 000414102 A CA000414102 A CA 000414102A CA 414102 A CA414102 A CA 414102A CA 1207320 A CA1207320 A CA 1207320A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
solvent
mixture
volume
extraction
ethanol
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA000414102A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Rocco Costantino
Amalia Assogna
Giancarlo Sodini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eni SpA
Original Assignee
Eni SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eni SpA filed Critical Eni SpA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1207320A publication Critical patent/CA1207320A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11BPRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B1/00Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
    • C11B1/10Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23JPROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
    • A23J1/00Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
    • A23J1/12Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from cereals, wheat, bran, or molasses

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE:

A solvent mixture is disclosed which is composed of a hydrocarbonaceous solvent, ethanol and water and which can be utilized for the solid-liquid extraction by a single-step process, of lipids and polyphenols from sunflower seeds in order to obtain proteinic concentrates.
The use of biphasic 3-component mixture enables a high yield to be obtained. The invention also includes the process of extraction employing such a solvent mixture.

Description

~2073~0 A SOI.VENT MIXTURE, AND A PROCESS USING S~CH A MIXTURE
FOR THE EXTRACTION OF LIPIDS AND POLYPHENOLS FROM FLAKED
SUNFLOWER SEEDS

This invention relates to a novel solvent mix-ture which can be used for the solid-liquid extraction, conveniently in a single-step run, of lipids and poly-phenols from flaked sunflower seeds in order to obtain proteinaceous concentrates.
The present invention provides a solvent mixture composed of a hydrocarbonaceous solvent, ethanol and water. The mixture may thus be a biphasic 3-component mixture of solvents.
The hydrccarbonaceous solvent is preferably an alkane, normally an aliphatic alkane, preferably one having several carbon atoms such as normal hexane.
The hydrocarbonaceous compound can be from 40% to 70% on a volume basis relative to the total mixture and the other two components, ethanol and water, may vary from 60~ to 30~ on the same basis with a respective ratio, that is, ethanol to water by volume, variable from 95:5 to 50:50.
The present invention also provides a process for the solid-liquid extraction of lipids and polyphenols from flakes hulled sunflower seeds, which involves the use, as the extraction solvent, of a solv~nt mixture composed of a hydrocarboanceous solvent, ethanol and water.
The solid liquid extraction process may be carried out by any of theprocedures suggested by the technical literature. The adoption of the procedure disclosed in the prior Patent No. 1.119.781 of March 16, 1982 has proved to be particularly advantageous.
The solid-liquid extraction process described - 1 - ~;~

~2~73Z~O

therein comprises supplying fresh solvent or solvent mixture to one of a plurality of extraction vessels ar-ranged in series, each of which vessels contains the solid material and is provided with a solvent inlet, a solvent outlet, an operating stirring means and a filter-ing element for preventing the escape of solid material of more than a predetermined size through the solvent outlet, the filtering elementt extending into the vessel in the proximity of the stirring means so that the agita-tion of the solvent or solvent mixture by the stirring means reduces the tendency of the solid mate.rial to clog the filtering element; passing solvent with entrained extracted substance~s) from the said one extraction vessel through the other extraction vessel in series; and then, after extraction of extractible substance(s) from the solid material in said one extraction vessel, switching the supply of fresh solvent or solvent mixture to the next downstream extraction vessel, removing solid material from said one extraction vessel, and recharging the said one extraction vessel with fresh solid material, with the said one extraction vessel connected in series down-stream of the previously most downstream extraction ves-sel.
That process makes it possible to extract a few components with a solvent or a mixture of two or more solvents through a number, n, of serially arranged containers, the containers being maintained, during the entire extraction XUTI, with their contents constantly stirred.
The solvent (or solvents) is fed to (and with-drawn from) the several vessels with a value of the rate of flow (unitary) which is selected within a well defined range, usually from 2 cubic metres p~r hour and per square metre to 15 m3/h/m2, the flow through the serially ar-ranged vessel being continuous.

.~

~Z(173~D

In practice, after having charged each ~essel with the appropriately comminuted solid material, each vessel is filled with solvent and tirring is started.
Fresh solvent is then fed to the first container so that the solvent already contained in it is diluted and the extraction becomes very efficient.
The solvent drawn from the first vessel is sent to the next extraction vessel and the same operation is repeated, and that operation is subs~quently and se rially repeated for all the n extraction vessels.
Once the solid material contained in the first extraction vessel has been exhausted (in the sense that the extractible substance has been extracted), it is dumped and fresh solvent is fed to that vessel, the latter being then shifted to the last place in the series.
Feed of fresh solvent is switched from the first extraction vessel to the next and so on.
Inasmuch as, or each vessel~ about 10~ of the solid material (the finest portions) passes into the solvent stream, there is the necessity of providing, in addition to the serially arranged extraction vessels, a ~ilter: the latter separates the solid matter entrained by the solvent stream from the liquid phase and the extrac-tion is completed.
The practicability and the efficiency of the process are closely bound to a number of variables and these must be correlated to each other.
It has already been pointed out that a basic parameter is the specific (unitary) rate of flow of the solvent which is fed to and drawn from every extraction vessel: it must normally range from 2 to 15 m3/hour/m2.
Other parameters must be properly selected, such as the height:diameter ratio of the vessel, the geometrical characteristics of the filtering member, , ~ ~
, ~
.~ ~

~2~73~'0 the size of the filtering member openings, the material which composes the filtering member, the thickness of the filtering member, the kinematic viscosity of the slurry, and the intensity of stirring maintained in the vessel.
The specification of the above mentioned prior patent states that anyone skilled in the art will be capable of selecting the appropriate values of the para-meters enumerated above so as to optimize the process and the efficiency of the extraction consistently with the solid material being handled, its size, the solvent and all the other characteristics involved.
However, the said prior patent does not contain any hint of the possible use of a ternary mixture with different phases, and it seems, conversely, that the process disclosed in said prior patent finds its elective application just in the use of ~ single solvent or of a mixture of mutally miscible and m~tually compatible solvents.
Surprisingly, and this is the basis of the present invention, it has now been found that it is pos-sible to use, to the end of simultaneously extracting from sunflower seeds more than one undesirable component, a mixture comprised of three solvents which are distri-buted over di~ferent phases.
The adoption of such a mixture enables a high extraction yield to be obtained and, if it is used in the extraction procedure described above, such a result is combined with the ease and appreciability of that process.
The solid-liquid extraction process is prefer-ably carried out within a temperature of from 20C to 50C, for a time of from 30 minutes to 6 hours and a weight (kg)- volume (litre) ratio of the flaked seed ~2~)73ZO

to the solvent mixture ranging from 1:1 to 1:10 (that is, froml kg to 1 litre, to 1 kg to 10 litres).
Analytical methods for the chemical characterization of the sunflower seeds and the products obtained therefrom.
Moisture, ash and crude fibre have been deter-mined according to the standard methods of A.O.A.C.
(Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 12th Edition, 1975)-The proteinic contents were expressed in terms of macroKieldahl nitrogen multiplied by the coefficient 5.70. The total lipids were determined according to the petroleum ether method as reported in A.A.C.C. No.
30-26. The polyphenol compounds were measured with the colorimetric method by Bittoni et al (Riv.Ital.Sost.
Grasse, 54, 421, 1977). The total sugars were determined with the method by M. Dubois et al (Analytical Chemistry, 28, 350-356, 1968), modified in that the separation of the individual sugars was omitted and only the total sugar contents were considered, as present in the product.
The P.D.I. (Protein Dispersibility Index) as used for determining the quantity of nitrogen capable of being dispersed in water under natural pH conditions was in agreement with the method reported in A.O~C.S.
(Me~hod Ba 10 65, Revised 1969).
EXAMPLES
A11 the operating dettails will become apparent from the following examples which have the task of illus-trating the present invention without limiting its scope.
EXAMPLE
Sunflower seeds, having the composition reported on Table 1, were completely dehulled in a Hydromecanique & Frottement dehuller and the dehulled ~eeds were flaked to a thickness of 0.25 mm in a Diefenback L2/30/30 mill.
The product thus obtained was treated with a mixture -~20732~

of the following composition:
nor.hexane 60% by volume ethanol 35% do.
water 5% do.
The operating conditions of the solid-liquid extraction were the following:
filling coefficient of the extraction vessels (weight (kg):~olume(litres) 1:4 extraction time 6 hours extraction temperature 4 5C
extraction ratio (weight:volume) 1:7~5 TABLB
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF A SUNFLOWER SEED SAMPLE
moisture 6%
on dry matter:lipids 60.0 Proteins 22.0~
ash 2.9%
crude fibre 3.5%
sugars 4.4%
phenols 2.4%
other nitrogen-free esters 4.8%
;

The end product had the following chemical composition:
moisture 6.5%
on dry matter:lipids 0.5%
phenols 0.8%
proteins (Nx5.7) 65.1%
sugars 1.9%
P.D.I. (Protein Dispers.In.) 8.9%

Sunflower seeds which had a specification similar to that of the seeds of Example l and were subjected to a treatment like that of Example 1 were extracted ~2~732~

with a solvent mixture composed of:

nor. hexane 60% by volume ethanol 30% do.
wat~r 10~ do.
under the following solid-liquid extraction conditions:
fill.ing coefficient of the extraction vessels (weight:volume) 1:4 extraction time 6 hours extraction temperature 45C
extraction ratio (weight:
volume) 1:7.5 The extracted product had the following chemical composition:
moisture 7.3%
on dry matter: lipids 2.1%
phenols 0.17%
proteins (Nx5.7) S9.6%
sugars 0.6%
P.D.I. 5.3%

Claims (8)

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A solvent mixture suitable for use in the solid-liquid extraction of lipids and polyphenols from flaked dehulled sunflower seeds, which mixture is composed of a hydrocarbonaceous solvent, ethanol and water.
2. A mixture according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the hydrocarbonaceous solvent represents from 40%
to 70% by volume of the total volume of the mixture.
3. A mixture according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the combination of ethanol and water represents from 60% to 30% by volume of the total volume of the mixture, with a mutual variable volume ratio of ethanol to water of from 95:5 to 50:50.
4. A mixture according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the hydrocarbonaceous solvent is normal hexane.
5. A process for the solid-liquid extraction of lipids and polyphenols from flaked hulled sunflower seeds, wherein use is made as extraction solvent, of a solvent mixture composed of a hydrocarbonaceous solvent, ethanol and water.
6. A process according to claim 5, wherein the volume of the hydrocarbonaceous solvent represents from 40%
to 70% by volume of the total volume of the mixture.
7. A process according to claim 5, wherein the volume of the combination of ethanol and water represents from 60% to 30% by volume of the total volume of the mixture, with a mutual variable volume ratio of ethanol to water of from 95:5 to 50:50.
8. A process according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the hydrocarbonaceous solvent is normal hexane.
CA000414102A 1981-11-19 1982-10-25 Simultaneous extraction of lipids and polyphenols from flaked sunflower seeds Expired CA1207320A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT25175A/81 1981-11-19
IT25175/81A IT1144945B (en) 1981-11-19 1981-11-19 CONTEMPORARY EXTRACTION OF LIPIDS AND POLYPHENOLS FROM LAMINATED ALMONDS OF SUNFLOWER

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1207320A true CA1207320A (en) 1986-07-08

Family

ID=11215914

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000414102A Expired CA1207320A (en) 1981-11-19 1982-10-25 Simultaneous extraction of lipids and polyphenols from flaked sunflower seeds

Country Status (30)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5889696A (en)
KR (1) KR860000215B1 (en)
AR (1) AR245770A1 (en)
AU (1) AU556440B2 (en)
BE (1) BE894902A (en)
BR (1) BR8205517A (en)
CA (1) CA1207320A (en)
CH (1) CH650938A5 (en)
CS (1) CS235965B2 (en)
DD (1) DD206787A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3238359A1 (en)
DK (1) DK159975C (en)
ES (1) ES8402702A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2516537A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2110519B (en)
GR (1) GR76782B (en)
HU (1) HU189617B (en)
IL (1) IL67064A0 (en)
IN (1) IN157613B (en)
IT (1) IT1144945B (en)
MA (1) MA19637A1 (en)
NL (1) NL8203924A (en)
PL (1) PL134642B1 (en)
PT (1) PT75716B (en)
RO (1) RO85787B (en)
SE (1) SE458281B (en)
SU (1) SU1512487A3 (en)
TR (1) TR21426A (en)
YU (1) YU43923B (en)
ZA (1) ZA827498B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11332691B2 (en) 2018-12-17 2022-05-17 Pennakem Europa Process for producing oils and defatted meal by means of solid/liquid extraction

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2565789B1 (en) * 1984-06-15 1990-07-06 Univ Toronto Innovation Found PROCESS FOR THE SOLVENT TREATMENT OF PROTEIN MATERIALS FROM CRUCIFER OLEAGINOUS SEEDS TO OBTAIN PROTEIN FLOUR WITH REDUCED GLUCOSINOLATE CONTENT
RU2165451C1 (en) * 2000-05-16 2001-04-20 Московский Государственный Университет пищевых производств Plant oil production method
MD4299C1 (en) * 2013-09-16 2015-03-31 Институт Генетики И Физиологии Растений Академии Наук Молдовы Process for producing antioxidant compounds from walnut kernel skin (Juglans regia L.)
KR101702741B1 (en) 2015-02-06 2017-02-06 김주철 Lamp Switch Position Indicating Apparatus
MX2021002867A (en) * 2018-09-13 2021-05-28 Bunge Global Innovation Llc Oilseed extraction method.

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3714210A (en) * 1970-06-05 1973-01-30 Grain Processing Corp Process for extracting full fat soybean flakes or meal
GB1449123A (en) * 1972-11-08 1976-09-15 Unilever Ltd Vegetable protein extraction
SE7601543L (en) * 1975-02-21 1976-08-23 Snam Progetti PROCEDURE FOR EXTRACTING PHENOLES AND OLIGOSACCARIDES FROM VEGETABLE MATERIAL
IT1096315B (en) * 1978-05-24 1985-08-26 Snam Progetti METHOD FOR SOLID-LIQUID EXTRACTION AND APPARATUS SUITABLE FOR THE PURPOSE

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11332691B2 (en) 2018-12-17 2022-05-17 Pennakem Europa Process for producing oils and defatted meal by means of solid/liquid extraction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK159975C (en) 1991-06-03
BR8205517A (en) 1983-08-23
SE8205282D0 (en) 1982-09-15
FR2516537B1 (en) 1984-11-16
SE458281B (en) 1989-03-13
IT1144945B (en) 1986-10-29
IT8125175A0 (en) 1981-11-19
AR245770A1 (en) 1994-02-28
KR840001626A (en) 1984-05-16
JPS5889696A (en) 1983-05-28
NL8203924A (en) 1983-06-16
KR860000215B1 (en) 1986-03-15
TR21426A (en) 1984-06-01
ZA827498B (en) 1983-11-30
SU1512487A3 (en) 1989-09-30
MA19637A1 (en) 1983-07-01
ES516936A0 (en) 1984-03-01
GR76782B (en) 1984-09-04
PT75716B (en) 1985-12-03
HU189617B (en) 1986-07-28
YU43923B (en) 1989-12-31
BE894902A (en) 1983-05-03
DK510082A (en) 1983-05-20
ES8402702A1 (en) 1984-03-01
RO85787A (en) 1984-11-25
SE8205282L (en) 1983-05-20
JPH044302B2 (en) 1992-01-27
PL238400A1 (en) 1983-05-23
GB2110519B (en) 1985-09-04
DK159975B (en) 1991-01-07
DE3238359A1 (en) 1983-05-26
CH650938A5 (en) 1985-08-30
PT75716A (en) 1982-11-01
DE3238359C2 (en) 1992-05-14
YU228182A (en) 1984-12-31
CS235965B2 (en) 1985-05-15
PL134642B1 (en) 1985-08-31
DD206787A5 (en) 1984-02-08
RO85787B (en) 1984-11-30
AU556440B2 (en) 1986-11-06
FR2516537A1 (en) 1983-05-20
AU8857182A (en) 1983-05-26
IL67064A0 (en) 1983-02-23
IN157613B (en) 1986-05-03
GB2110519A (en) 1983-06-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US6749752B2 (en) System for removing oil from foodstuffs using a membrane filter
US5035910A (en) Separation of oilseed components in solvent phase
US4859371A (en) Extraction of particulate materials
US4548755A (en) Process for the extractive production of valuable natural waxes
US4387110A (en) Method and apparatus for solid-liquid extraction steps
CA1207320A (en) Simultaneous extraction of lipids and polyphenols from flaked sunflower seeds
Bernardini Batch and continuous solvent extraction
USH1541H (en) Method for producing azadirachtin concentrates from neem seed materials
EP4234662A1 (en) Continuous oil recovery process from spent oily solid material
US4390506A (en) Apparatus for trouble-free and continuous charging of extractors with extraction feedstock to be treated and with extractant or solvent
AU2012307481B2 (en) Method and plant for processing wet olive pomace
US2215624A (en) Process of removing impurities from vegetable oils
US5672371A (en) Method for separating the toxic resinous fraction from prepared whole jojoba seeds or jojoba seed press-cake
WO2022036117A1 (en) Versatile oil recovery process from spent oily solid material
US2596010A (en) Solvent extraction of vegetable oils
Spadaro et al. Pilot-plant fractionation of cottonseed. III. Process development of differential settling
WO1995016013A1 (en) A process for the processing and production of carnauba wax
US2531785A (en) Wax refining
King et al. Pilot plant development of the alkali cooking process for cottonseed meats. I. Effect of flake, thickness and of time, temperature, and moisture content during cooking
Cross et al. Experiments with solvent extraction of glandless cottonseed and glanded cottonseed
EP0791299B1 (en) Method for separating the toxic resinous fraction from prepared whole jojoba seeds or jojoba seed presscake
Russell Extraction of certain oil-bearing materials with trichloroethylene
William Analytical Control of Experimental Extraction of Oilseed

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
MKEX Expiry