CA1065771A - Device for separating a liquid mist from a gas stream and a gas separation apparatus incorporating same - Google Patents
Device for separating a liquid mist from a gas stream and a gas separation apparatus incorporating sameInfo
- Publication number
- CA1065771A CA1065771A CA258,047A CA258047A CA1065771A CA 1065771 A CA1065771 A CA 1065771A CA 258047 A CA258047 A CA 258047A CA 1065771 A CA1065771 A CA 1065771A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gas stream
- mist
- baffle
- liquid
- downstream
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 abstract description 34
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
- B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A mist eliminator device having a staggered array of gas stream directing baffles forming a sinuous path to be followed by a gas stream containing a liquid mist to centrifugalize the liquid mist from the gas stream and a sump formed in at least one of the baffles for collecting a pool of the liquid centrifugalized out of the gas stream. A gas separator apparatus including means for contacting impurities contained in a gas stream with a scrubbing liquid and for separating the impurities from the gas stream disposed upstream of and in fluid communication with the mist eliminator device.
A mist eliminator device having a staggered array of gas stream directing baffles forming a sinuous path to be followed by a gas stream containing a liquid mist to centrifugalize the liquid mist from the gas stream and a sump formed in at least one of the baffles for collecting a pool of the liquid centrifugalized out of the gas stream. A gas separator apparatus including means for contacting impurities contained in a gas stream with a scrubbing liquid and for separating the impurities from the gas stream disposed upstream of and in fluid communication with the mist eliminator device.
Description
The present invention relates to gas separation and more particularly to the removal of a liquid mist from a gas stream.
Various types of gas separation apparatus are known which use a scrubbing liquid to separate impurities from a gas stream and as a result, a certain amount of the scrubbing liquid becomes entrained in the form of a mist in the separated gas stream. This scrubbing liquid must be eliminated from the gas stream before the gas stream is discharged to equipment located downstream of the separator apparatus or discharged to the atmosphere because it may damage the downstream equipment or pollute the atmosphere.
One type of known mist eliminator is formed by a :' plurality of aligned narrowly spaced apart chevron-shaped baffles ' with correspondingly parallel chevron-shaped narrow passages therebetween. Because of the shape of the baffles, this type of mist eliminator baffle is commonly called a chevron eliminator in the industry. Chevron eliminators function satisfactorily in applications wherein the pressure drop across the eliminators is relatively low. However, these chevron eliminators have a propensity to become clogged with mud consisting of a residue of particulate matter in the gas stream and the scrubbing~liquid in applications wherein the pressure drop across the eliminators is relatively high. As the mud builds'up in the narrow passages of ;~
~ the chevron baffle, the mist eliminating efficiency decreases.
`' When the efficiency drops to an unacceptable level, the chevron mist eliminator vanes must be cleaned.
One way to clean these chevron eliminator baffles is to shut down the entire separator apparatus and physically remove ~, 30 the chevron baffles for washing. This procedure is obviously ~-t costly because of the cost of down time of the separator device ~ and further the cost of labor to remove, clean and replace the .', ' ~
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chevron baffles.
Alternatively, the chevron baffles can be cleaned while remaining installed. This becomes necessary in very large capacity separator installations because the mist eliminating capacity of the chevron mist eliminator is a direct function of its physical size. In large capacity separator installations, therefore, the chevron eliminators reach a size which makes it impractical if not impossible to remove them. However, cleaning the chevron eliminator baffles while installed in a separator apparatus has drawbacks. One way to ciean the baffles requires that the separator apparatus be shut down so that workmen may physically enter the separator to manually clean the mud from the chevron baffles. Another way often employed is to place nozzles adjacent to and downstream from the chevron eliminator which nozzles periodically inject high energy cleaning fluid into the passages between the chevron baffles. This can be done without shutting down the separator apparatus. The drawback, of course, is that the mud cleaned from the chevron baffles is -reentrained in the clean gas stream downstream of the chevron baffles, thus, recontaminating the cleaned gas stream.
Examples of chevron mist eliminator baffles used in gas separator apparatus are shown in U.S. Patent No. 3,334,471, -~
issued on August 8, 1967 to Robert A. Herron, and U.S. Patent '~ No. 3,624,696, issued on November 30, L971 to Irving Cohen and Harold J. Byrne.
Another type of known mist eliminator is formed by a '~
series of staggered gas stream deflecting baffles forming a gas , stream path. As the gas stream carrying a liquid mist traverses .. .. .
the path, it impacts the baffles, thus, depositing the liquid mist on one of the faces of the baffles. In addition, these baffles change the direction of flow of the gas stream imparting an angular acceleration to the mist carrying gas stream to . , . ' .
.
centrifugalize residue liquid mist from the gas stream.
Some mist eliminator devices use planar baffles projecting into the gas stream at an obtuse angle relative to the general direction of the gas stream. This type of eliminator functions well in applications wherein a relatively medium pressure drop exists across the eliminator baffles. However, a mud consisting of separated particulate matter and separated liquid tends to build up on the baffles and it does not eliminate enough of the liquid mist from the gas stream with the result that the gas stream exiting from the eliminator device is still wet when a medium wet gas stream is fed into it. When the gas stream impacts the planar baffles, the liquid mist is deposited on the impacted face of the baffle and the gas stream is turned in the ~ -direction of the obtuse angle, thus, imparting a small angular acceleration to the gas stream.
The liquid mist separated from the gas stream then runs off the baffle and falls down into a reservoir. However, when the liquid mist entrained in the gas stream impacts the planar baffle, there is only a small amount of kinetic energy transferred to the baffle from the liquid mist because the baffle is rigid and not an efficient energy absorber. For this . ~ . ~
reason, the liquid mist has an inclination to bounce off of the baffle or splash back into the gas stream whereupon it is reentrained in the gas stream. Additionally, because of the ,;
obtuse angle at which the planar baffles are disposed, the change ~ ;
in direction imparted to the gas stream, and, thus, the angular acceleration induced thereby is relatively same and as a result, the centrifugalizing effect is correspondingly small. An example `
of a gas separator using this type of obtusely disposed planar ,--baffle is shown in U.S. Patent No. 2,491,545, issued on December 20, 1949 to A. R. clark and James C. Buck.
Other mist eliminator devices use planar baffles ~'' ',.
' ' ' '~
,. . .
., , . ~ .
projecting into the gas stream at a right angle to the general direction of flow of the gas stream. This type of eliminator also functions well in applications wherein a relatively medium pressure drop exists across the eliminator baffles. However, a mud consist-ing of separated particulate matter and separated liquid tends to build up on the baffles, and it does not-eliminate enough of the , liquid mist from the gas stream with the result that the gas stream exiting from the eliminator devlce is still wet when a medium wet gas stream is fed into it. When the gas stream carrying the liquid mist impacts the planar baffles, the liquid mist is deposited on the impacted face of the baffle and the gas stream is turned in the direction of the right angle, thus, imparting an angular acceleration to the gas stream. The liquid mist ~-separated from the gas stream then runs off the baffle and falls down into a reservoir. However, when the liquid mist entrained in the gas stream impacts the baffle, there is only a small amount of kinetic energy transferred to the baffle from the liquid .: , 1 ' mist because the baffle is rigid and not an efficient energy absorber. For this reason, the liquid mist has an inclination to bounce off the baffle or splash back into the air stream whereupon it is reentrained in the gas stream. Additionally, ~`
although these baffles disposed at a right angle to the gas stream more radically change the direction of flow of the gas stream, and, therefore, imparts a greater ~ngular acceleration to the gas stream for a higher centrifugalizing effect than does the obtusely ¦~
disposed planar baffles, in doing so, the right angle planar ; baffles create large eddy currents at the impacted face of the baffle which is counter productive to the job of eliminating ` liquid mist from the gas stream because these eddies pick up ¦-;~ 30~ previously deposited liquid from the baffle reentraining the liquid in the gas stream. An example of a gas separator using this type of right angle disposed planar baffle is shown in U.S.
~.- . .
.,............................. , ' " '' '' ': : ~
-~ 1065771 Patent No . ~, 390, 400, issued on January 25, 1968 to Nils Dock.
Still other mist eliminator devices use planar baffles projecting into the gas stream at an acute angle to the general direction of flow of the gas stream. This type of eliminator functions well at a slightly higher pressure drop across the baffles than doe~ the previously mentioned eliminators. However, it is about equally susceptable to mud build-up and also emits a -wet gas stream when fed with a medium wet gas stream. As with the obtusely disposed and right angle disposed baffies, when the ; 10 gas stream carrying the liquid mist impacts the planar baffles, -the liquid mist is deposited on the impacted surface of the baffle ;
and the gas stream is turned in the direction of the obtuse angle, ~
thus, imparting an angular acceleration to the gas stream. The ; -liquid mist separated from the gas stream then runs off the baffle and falls down into a reservoir. Similarly, when the liquid mist ., ~ . .
entrained in the gas stream impacts the baffle, there is only a small amount of kinetic energy transferred to the baffles from ' .
the liquid mist because the baffle is rigid and not an efficient energy absorber. For this reason, the liquid mist has an inclinatlon to bounce off the baffle or splash back into the air stream whereupon it is reentrained in the gas stream. Further, ~, while these obtusely disposed baffles more radically change the direction of flow of the gas stream, and, therefore, imparts a 'l greater angular acceLeration to the gas stream for a greater centrifugalizing effect than either the obtusely disposed and ~-right angle disposed planar baffles, it also creates iarger eddy -~' currents at the impact face of the baffle. These eddies pick up ;
previously deposited liquid from the baffle reentraining the liquid in the gas stream. Examples of separator devices using 3 ~ 30- these obtusely disposed mist eliminator baffles are shown in U.S.
Patent No. 2,379,795, issued on July 3, 1945 to Orrin E. Fenn;
U.S. Patent No. 3,710,551, issued on January 6, 1973 to John R.
-: , e ., .
, . i:: . .. : - : - : - : . . ............. : : .. ::
_, . . ... . .
1065'771 Sved, and U.S. Patent No. 3,738,627, issued on June 12, 1973 to Ronald R. Scotchmur.
To overcome some of the adverse side effects of planar baffles, such as the general inability to completely dry or eliminate liquid mist from a medium wet gas stream, some mist eliminators use curved baffles projecting into the gas stream ; and presents a concave surface to the gas stream. When the mist carrying gas stream impacts the concave face of the baffle, liquid mist is deposited on the impacted baffle face and the gas stream is turned in the direction of the concave face, thus, imparting an angular acceleration to the gas stream for centrifugalizing residue liquid mist from the gas stream. The use of curved mist eliminating baffles overcomes to a great extent the problem of eddy currents caused by planar baffles.
However, because the curved baffles are rigid, and, therefore, poor energy absorbers, the liquid mist removed impaction bounces off or splashes back into the air stream whereupon it is reentrained. Furthermore, this effects a better mist eliminating action than is accomplished in the previously mentloned eliminator devices employing planar baffles. An example of a gas separator ., , apparatus using a curved mist eliminating baffle is shown in U.S.
Patent No. 3,876,399, issued on April 8, 1975 to Joseph P. Saponaro.
The present invention recognizes the drawbacks of the prior art mist eliminators and provides a solution which obviates the problems of mud build-up on the separator members, eddy ,-currents created when the direction of the gas stream is changed i~
and liquid mist bounce-off or splash as a result of mist impaction.
In addition, the present invention solves the problems encountered by the prior art devices without producing a high pressure drop across the eliminator baffles which requires a minimum amount of energy to force the air stream through the eliminator device.
Further, the solution presented by the present invention 10657'71 is straiyhtforward, inexpensive and practical to manufacture.
More particularly, the present invention provides a mist eliminator device for separating a liquid mist from a gas stream containing the liquid mist, the mist eliminator comprising:
a plurality of staggered baffles defining a sinuous path to be followed by the gas stream containing the liquid mist to centrifugalize the liquid mist from the gas stream, and, means defining a sump in at least one of the baffles at a predetermined location along the sinuous path for collecting the liquid mist `~
into a liquid poo~ removed from the gas stream and oriented so that the gas stream containing the mist impacts the liquid pool ~:
to absorb the kinetic energy of the liquid mist contained in the , gas stream.
Several advantageous embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein . like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views, and in which: -.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of one ~.
. preferred embodiment of a mist eliminator ~.
device of the present invention; ~.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of arrows 2-2 in Figure 1: ;-Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of .
another preferred embodiment of a mist `' eliminator device of the present invention; 1.
. Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of .' another preferred embodiment of a mist .~ eliminator device of the present invention;
Figure 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectiona} view of a ' 30 gas separator apparatus incorporating the mist eliminator device of ~igure l; and, .,~
; Figure 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of ., ~: .. ~ - .
- - ~ ., ' :
another gas separator apparatus incorporating the mist eliminator device of Figure 1.
Figure l illustrates a liquid mist eliminator device comprising a plurality of staggered gas stream directing baffles 12, 14 and 16 which cooperate to define a sinuous path to be followed by a gas stream containing a liquid mist which is to be centrifugalized from the gas stream as it traverses the sinuous path. For exemplary purposes, the staggered baffles 12, 14 and 16 are illustrated as being enclosed in and attached to the walls of a housing 18. The housing 18 has a gas stream inlet 20 located proximate the upstream end of the sinuous path and a gas stream outlet 22 located proximate the downstream end of the ', sinuous path. For the sake of clarity of understanding, the general direction of flow of the gas stream from the upstream end ' to the downstream end of the sinuous path is defined by the - `
, ~ . . .
phantom line A-A. ' With continued reference to Figure 1, because the incoming gas stream will first encounter the baffle 12 and then the adjacently disposed baffle 14 as the gas stream traverses the sinuous path, in relationship to each other the baffle 12 is ~- . .
an upstream baffle and the baffle 14 is a downstream baffle. The upstream baffle 12 and the adjacent staggered downstream baffle ; 14 are shown as being arcuately shaped and generally concavely ', facing each other and, thus, toward the sinuous path formed therebetween. I1:
`~ The upstream arcuate baffle 12 is illustrated as being attached at its upstream edge 24 to one wall of the housing 18 and comprises a liquid trapping flange 26 projecting generally ~I~ radially from its downstream edge 28 into the gas stream L 30, advantageously at an angle of approximately 30 degrees to the vertical. While the upstream arcuate baffle 12 is illustrated as a segment having a constant radius extending through an arc of .' ~
- 8 - ~
:~ .
approximately 90 degrees, it could extend through an arc of greater or less than 90 degress depending upon the extent to which it is desired to redirect the direction of flow of the gact ' stream. Further, the arcuate baffle 12 could follow a volute of changing radius instead of the illustrated segment having a constant radius.
The downstream arcuate baffle 14 is illustrated as being attached to a wall of the housing 18 across from the wall to which the upstream baffle 12 is attached and as being a segment having a constant radius and extending through an arc of approximately 180 degrees. However, the downstream baffle 14 i could extend through an arc greater or less than 180 degrees ' depending upon the extent to which it is desired to redirect the : ,.
direction of flow of the gas stream. Further, the arcuate baffle 14 could follow a volute of changing radius instead of the illustrated segment having a constant radius. The downstream ~ arcuate baffle 14 comprises a liquid trapping flange 30 ;; projecting generally radially from its downstream edge 32 into ~:, . .. .
the gas stream at an angle of approximately 30 degrees to the ~ 20 vertical and a sump, generally denoted as the numeral 34, formed downstream of the upstream edge 36 of the baffle 14. The sump ?
`' 34, which is for collecting a pool 35 of liquid centrifugalized from the gas stream, is preferably located immediately downstream of the upstream edge 36 of the baffle 14 behind a weir flange 38 ~ which projects generally radially into the gas stream from the i upstream edge 36 of the baffle 14. It has been found in practice that a one and a half inch high weir plate works well. The sump 34 is oriented so that the gas stream containing the liquid mist redirected by the upstream baffle 12 impacts the liquid pool 30~ collected in the sump. To this end, the downstream edge 28 of ' the upstream baffle 12 and the upstream edge 36 of the downstream baffle 14 overlap each other by a predetermined distance in the . -_ g _ ~:-- , :-,,: , , ~
~' . ' ` `
-` 1065~771 general direction of flow of the gas stream and are spaced apart a predetermined distance in a direction transverse to the general direction of flow of the gas stream.
With reference to Figure 2, the downstream arcuate baffle 14 extends completely across the housing 18 between opposite walls thereof and is attached at its opposite ends 40, .
42 to the walls of the housing 18. Thus, in this illustrated ... .
embodiment, the sump 34 is defined by the concave surface of the ~ .
downstream arcuate baffle 14, the weir flange 38, and the walls of the housing 18 to the downstream arcuate baffle 14 is attached.
It should be obvious, however, that in the event the downstream baffle 14 does not extend completely across the housing 18 so :
that the ends 40 and 42 of the baffle 14 terminate a distance from the walls of the housing, that closure plates (not shown) can be attached to the arcuate baffle 14 and weir flange 38 at ~
the ends. 40 and 42 of the baffle 14 to take the place of the :
. walls of the housing 18 in defining the sump 34.
. Returning to Figure 1, the downstream edge 28 of the upstream baffle 12 and the upstream edge 36 of the downstream baffle 14 cooperate to form, in essence, a nozzle through which the gas stream flows. In practice, it has been observed that best results are obtained when the cross-sectional area of this -, nozzle is greater than the cross-sectional area of the gas stream - ~
inlet 20. Likewise, another nozzle is formed between the .~ .
. downstream edge 32 of the baffle 14 and the downstream edge 28 ! ~ ~
of the upstream baffle 12. It has also been observed that best ~ ~.
results are obtained when .the cross-sectional area of this other nozzle is greater than the cross-sectional area of the nozzle . formed between the downstream edge 28 of baffle 12 and upstream 3 edge 36 of baffle 14. These observed results have been attributed ~`
~ to the fact that this construction approximates a diverging `i nozzle which decreases the velocity of the gas stream moving ., ' .. . ..
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-, : : ~ :
~065771 through it and decreases the pressure drop.
The baffle 16 is disposed downstream of the arcuate baffle 14 and is illustrated as being planar. The planar baffle 16 is attached to the same wall of the housing 18 as is the upstream arcuate baffle 12 and upwardly extends advantageously into the gas stream at an obtuse angle of approximately 135 degrees to the vertical, thus, forming an obtuse angle to the general direction of flow of the gas stream. The planar baffle 16 comprises a liquid trapping flange 44 projecting advantageously from its downstream edge 46 at an angle of approximately 30 degrees to the vertical. While it is true that the planar baffle -16 will cause more eddy currents than would an arcuate baffle, the consequences of eddy currents at this most downstream baffle 16 are minimal because in most applications virtually all of the liquid mist will have been removed from the gas stream before the gas stream reaches the baffle 14. The planar shape of this baffle 14 is merely a manufacturing expedient because a planar 3 baffle is easier to make than is an arcuate baffle. However, it ~ , ;`. i9 foreseeable that in some applications, it may be desireable to substitute an arcuately shaped baffle for the planar baffle 16.
, In operation, a gas stream containing a liquid mist, j indicated by the arrows "A" enters the mist eliminator device through the inlet 20 in a direction toward the upstream baffle 12.
~; The air stream impacts the baffle 12 which causes the air stream to change its direction of flow. This change in flow direction ` imparts an angular acceleration to the gas stream centrifugalizing a portion of the liquid mist. An additional amount of liquid mist is separated out of the gas stream by impaction against the ' baffle 12. The liquid mist separated out of the gas stream by impaction and by centrifugalizing runs along the concave surface of the baffle 12 until it meets the liquid trapping flange 26.
The liquid trapping flange 26 acts as a dam and collects the .~. "
-- 11 -- , ~ ~ .
,~ . : . . :
:: . . .
.: . , ~, - , :: i :
separated liquid into a mass. The collected liquid continuously - drains in solid streams, indicated by the arrows "B", from the area upstream of the liquid trapping flange 26 downwardly into, ~ -for example, a reservoir 48 formed in the bottom of the housing 18 below the inlet 20. Because this separated liquid falls in the form of streams "s" of liquid rather than a mist or droplets, very little, if any, liquid is reentrained in the gas stream "A".
The gas stream "A" next impinges upon the pool 35 of previously separated liquid collected in the sump 34 formed in the downstream baffle 14. Upon impact, the pool 35 absorbs the :~
. kinetic energy of a portion of the remaining liquid mist entrained in the gas stream, thus, preventing the entrained liquid mist from splashing off the downstream baffle 14 and into the gas stream and at the same time collects a portion of the liquid mist. As the pool 35 collects additional liquid, it overflows the weir flange 38 and falls in the form of solid streams, indicated by the arrows "C", downwardly into the reservoir 48. .
; Again, because this overfIowing liquid falls in the form of coalesced liquid streams "C", rather than drops or mist, very little, if any, liquid is reentrained in the gas stream "A". It .~ should be noted that the surface of the pool 35 is at an angle to the horizontal plane because of the air stream flowing over it. This angle effectively increases the surface area of the pool subjected to impact by the gas stream "A". Concurrently, . ~ .
. the downstream arcuate baffle 14 again smoothly changes the .,, . direction of flow of the gas stream in the direction of the :
- arcuate baffle 14 thereby imparting an angular acceleration to the gas stream centrifugalizing most of the residue liquid mist .j , ... from the gas stream. The residue liquid mist thus centrifugalized ~-;, 30 flows along the concave surface of the arcuate baffle 14 under , the influence of the gas stream until it meets the liquid trapping flange 30. The liquid trapping flange 30 acts as a dam and . . .
collects the separated residue liquid mist into a mass. The collected residue liquid continuously drains in solid streams, indicated by arrows "D", from the area immediately upstream of the liquid trapping flange 30 downwardly into the reservoir 48.
Because this separated liquid falls in the form of coalesced streams "D" rather than a mist or droplets, very little, if any, liquid is reentrained in the gas stream "A".
After leaving the area of the downstream edge 32 of the arcuate baffle 14, the gas stream "A" next impinges on the planar surface of the planar baffle-16 whereupon the gas stream is again caused to change direction to flow in the direction of the baffle 16 thereby imparting an angular acceleration to the gas stream centrifugalizing residual liquid mist from the gas stream. Some residual liquid mist is also separated from the gas stream by impaction against the baffle 16. The separated-out liquid mist flows along the planar baffle 16 until it meets the li~quid trapping flange 44. The liquid trapping flange 44 acts as a dam and collects the separated liquid mist into a mass. The collected liquid continuously drains in coalesced streams, indicated by arrows "E", from the area immediately upstream of the liquid `~ trapping flange 44 downwardly into the reservoir 48. As previously mentioned, because the liquid falls in the form of coalesced streams "E" rather than a mist or droplets, very little, if any, liquid is reentrained in the gas stream "A".
Upon leaving the downstream edge 46 of the baffle 16, the now mist-free gas stream flows out of the mist separator device through the outlet 22.
Accumulated liquid can be drained from the reservoir .~ , i 48 through a conveniently located drain 50.
` 30 The flow of gas through the unit can be induced either by a fan (not shown) located upstream of the inlet 20, or, more conventionally, by a fan (not shown) located downstream of the - 13 - ,~
.. . - , . .
outl~t 22.
~' :
Now referring to Figure 3, there is illustrated another ~-advantageous embodiment of a mist eliminator device of the present invention which is identical in every respect to the mist eliminator device of Figure 1 except for the relative dispositions of the downstream edge of the first upstream baffle and the upstream edge 36 of the second downstream baffle. In the mist eliminator device of ~igure 3, the downstream edge 28 of an upstream arcuate baffle 12 and the upstream edge 36 of an immediately adjacent staggered downstream baffle 14 overlap in aligned relationship in the general direction of flow of the gas stream. This configuration has utility in applications wherein the velocity of the gas stream may be too low to propel the gas stream across the space between the downstream edge of the upstream baffle and the upstream edge of the downstream baffle of the mist eliminator device of Figure 1 and follow the sinuous path without dissipating somewhat before impacting the pool collected in the sump. The nozzle.in the embodiment of Figure 3 formed between the downstream edge 28 of the upstream arcuate `- ' baffle 12 and the aligned upstream edge 36 of the downstream "~ baffle 14 guides the gas'stream to a point closer to the pool 35 than does the configuration of Figure 1, thus, preventing dissipation of the gas stream.
Turning now to Figure 4, there is illustrated another advantageous emb,odiment of a mist eliminator of the present invention which is identical in every respect to the mist eliminator device of Figure 1 except for the relative dispositions , of the downstream edge of the upstream arcuate baffle and upstream edge of the downstream baffle. In the mist eliminator device of Figure 4, the downstream edge 28 of an upstream arcuate baffle 12 and the upstream edge 36'of an immediately adjacent staggered downstream baffle 14 overlap each other by a predetermined :
' x-, : , . , ,~
,. . . - -~:
, distanc~ in the ~eneral direction of flow of the gas strea~ and also overlap each other a predetermined distance in a direction transverse to the general direction of flow of the gas stream.
This configuration also has utility in applications wherein the velocity of the gas stream may be too low to propel the gas stream across the space between ~he downstream edge of baffle and upstream edge of baffle of the mist eliminator device shown in Figures 1 and 3 and follow the sinuous path without dissipating somewhat before impacting the pool collected in the sump. The nozzle in the embodiment of Figure 4 formed between the overlapping downstream edge 28 and upstream edge 36 guides the gas stream into the downstream arcuate baffle 14 to a point immediately over ~ , .
the surface of the pool 35, thus, preventing dissipation of the ~; gas stream.
: ;:
~ The mist eliminator device of the present invention can ;, be used to eliminate a liquid mist from a gas stream emanating from virtually any source.
; For example, the mist eliminator device of the present invention can be used in place of the chevron mist eliminator baffles used in the devices disclosed of U.S. Patent ~os.
... .
3,334,471 and 3,624,696. Likewise, the mist eliminator devicè
... . .
' of the present invention can be used in the devices disclosed in , . .
U.S. Patent ~os. 2,373,330; 2,379,795; 2,491,645; 3,018,847;
` 3,390,400; 3,876,399; 3,710,551 and 3,738,627 in place of the -~ mist eliminators disclosed therein.
, r, `r: Figure S illustrates a gas separator apparatus S2 ~` comprising the mist eliminator device of Figure 1 of the present invention located downstream of an impurity removing means, ~` generally denoted as the numeral 54, which removes impurities .. ~; , ~;~ 30 entrained in a gas stream by contacting these impurities-with a ;~ scrubbing liquid.
The gas separator apparatus 52 is illustrated as .
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1065~1 comprising a housing 118, enclosing bath, the mist eliminator components and the impurity removing means 52. The housing 118 defines a dirty gas inlet chamber 56 having a dirty gas inlet 58 and a scrubbing liquid reservoir 148.
The impurity removing means 54 is in the form of a stationary impeller section which comprises an S-shaped gas stream directing wall 62 and an arcuate gas stream directing wall 64 spaced from the S-shaped wall 62 to define a diverging S-shaped gas stream passage therebetween which S-shaped passage - , provides gas stream communication between the dirty gas inlet chamber 56 and mist eliminator device or section 10. The lower edge of the arcuate wall 62 extends downwardly into the reservoir i 158 below the level of the scrubbing liquid contained therein when a dirty gas stream is flowing through the S-shaped passage.
The scrubbing liquid reservoir 60 comprises a drain 150 for draining dirty scrubbing liquid and particulate contaminants separated from the gas stream, and scrubbing liquid replenishing means (not shown) for'replenishing the scrubbing liquid as required to maintain the proper level in the reservoir.
In operation, dirty gas from the dirty gas inlet ~ chamber 56 enters the S-shaped passage sweeping the scrubbing i~ liquid from the reservoir with it into the S-shaped passage ~; as indicated by the arrows "F". The scrubbing liquid, together with the particulate contaminants contained in the gas stream, is subjected to extremely intense centrifugal action as it traverses ~` the S-shaped passage. As a result, the scrubbing liquid collects ,~ into a stream moving along the S-shaped passage and the particulates are deposited in this sheet of scrubbing liquid, and are, thus, removed from the gas stream. This stream of scrubbing liquid and 30- deposited particulates is discharged from the exit of the S-shaped passage generally downwardly into the scrubbing liquid contained ~` in the reservoir 148 as indicated by the arrows "G". The gas .' .
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' , , ' , `- 1065771 stream, now substantially cleaned of particulate matter, exiting the S-shaped passage has a mist of entrained scrubbing liquid.
This gas stream containing the scrubbing liquid mist flows toward the upstream arcuate baffle 12 of the mist eliminator device as indicated by the arrows "A" and the process as described in reference to Figure 1 for eliminating the entrained liquid mist occurs.
Figure 6 illustrates another gas separator-apparatus 152 comprising the mist eliminator device of Figure 1 of the present invention located downstream of an impurity removing means, generally denoted as the numeral 154, which removes impurities entrained in a gas stream by contacting these impurities with a scrubbing liquid.
The impurity removing means 154 comprising a flow , through housing 156 having a dirty gas inlet 158 at one end and a clean gas outlet 160 at the other end. The clean gas outlet ; 160 is in fluid communication with the gas stream inlet 20 of the mist eliminator by means of, for example, duct 162.
A dirty gas stream enters the housing 156 and passes through a first restraining grid 164 extending across one extremity of the housing 156. The dirty gas stream then passes into contact zone 166 where it contacts gas contact elements 168, which advantageously are substantially spherical in shape. The spherical elements 168 are coated with a thin film of scrubbing .: ,.
liquid from either treating fluid inlets 170 or nozzles 172 or both. Upon contacting the spherical elements 168, the dirty gas ';
is cleaned since the thin film of scrubbing liquid coating thereon either causes particulate matter to adhere thereto, or, alternatively, chemically reacts with the impurities in the gas stream. The spherical elements 168 are buoyed upwardly toward a 1`
second restraining grid 174 which is positioned to direct the clean gas stream out of the contact zone 166, and direct the .. . . .
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10657'71 spherical elements 168 out of the cleaned gas stream. The spherical elements 168 fall by gravity into element treating zone 176 which is formed by baffle means 178 dividing a portion of the housing 156 between the first and second restraining grids into the contact zone 166 and the element treating zone 176 for recirculation back into the contact zone 166. The substantially spherical elements 168 continue to fall downwardly in the element treating zone 176 past the scrubbing fluid inlet 170, which is emitting a scrubbing liquid, until they reach the lower portion of the zone 176. At the lower portion of the element treating zone 176, there exists an exit aperture 180. Directly below exit ; 24 is the first restraining grid 164 having integral therewith a fluid impervious portion 182. The fluid impervious portion 182 prevents the dirty gas stream from overcoming the force exerted by the scrubbing liquid from fluid inlet 170 on the spherical ``i elements 168, and forcing them upwardly in the element treating .; .
,; zone 176.
The scrubbing liquid fro~ fluid inlet 170 cleans the spherical elements 168 leaving them coated with a thin film of . .
the scrubbing liquid, and recirculates them again into the dirty , gas stream. The scrubbing liquid from liquid inlet 170 as well as the scrubbing liquid from nozzle 172 drains downwardly and is collected in reservoir 184 of the housing 156, from which it may be withdrawn through drain 186.
The scrubbing liquid emitting from nozzle 172 may be a ,; different liquid than that emitting from inlet 170. For example, ~. .
`.~ in the removal of sulfur dioxide, it may be desireable to formulate a liquid to be introduced through nozzle 172 which contains a high concentration of calcium carbonate, with a view ~ I
~ 30 - toward reacting the calcium carbonate chemically with the S02 of ... . .
` the dirty gàs to form calcium sulfate. The calcium sulfate is a, .. - , ~ solid which can be flushed from the spherical elements 168 by a .,:~-.
. ~ . .
.
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` 10657 71 spray of water from treating fluid inlet 170. The impurity removing means 154 is more fully described in U.S. Patent No.
3,810,348, issued on May 14, 1974 to Thomas W. Byers et al.
The cleaned gas stream exiting the contact zone 166 through the restraining grid 174 has an entrained mist of scrubbing liquid. The cleaned gas stream with the entrained mist of scrubbing liquid exits the housing 156 via outlet 160 and flows through the duct 162 and into the inlet 20 of the mist eliminator device as indicated by arrows "A". The process of mist elimination then follows as described in relationship to Figure 1 and a cleaned gas stream absent any scrubbing liquid mist exits from the mist eliminator through outlet 22.
The foregoing detailed descriptions are given primarily for clarity of understanding and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom, for modifications will be obvious to those skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure and may ,. ~
~ be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or ., , ` the scope of the appended claims. .
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Various types of gas separation apparatus are known which use a scrubbing liquid to separate impurities from a gas stream and as a result, a certain amount of the scrubbing liquid becomes entrained in the form of a mist in the separated gas stream. This scrubbing liquid must be eliminated from the gas stream before the gas stream is discharged to equipment located downstream of the separator apparatus or discharged to the atmosphere because it may damage the downstream equipment or pollute the atmosphere.
One type of known mist eliminator is formed by a :' plurality of aligned narrowly spaced apart chevron-shaped baffles ' with correspondingly parallel chevron-shaped narrow passages therebetween. Because of the shape of the baffles, this type of mist eliminator baffle is commonly called a chevron eliminator in the industry. Chevron eliminators function satisfactorily in applications wherein the pressure drop across the eliminators is relatively low. However, these chevron eliminators have a propensity to become clogged with mud consisting of a residue of particulate matter in the gas stream and the scrubbing~liquid in applications wherein the pressure drop across the eliminators is relatively high. As the mud builds'up in the narrow passages of ;~
~ the chevron baffle, the mist eliminating efficiency decreases.
`' When the efficiency drops to an unacceptable level, the chevron mist eliminator vanes must be cleaned.
One way to clean these chevron eliminator baffles is to shut down the entire separator apparatus and physically remove ~, 30 the chevron baffles for washing. This procedure is obviously ~-t costly because of the cost of down time of the separator device ~ and further the cost of labor to remove, clean and replace the .', ' ~
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chevron baffles.
Alternatively, the chevron baffles can be cleaned while remaining installed. This becomes necessary in very large capacity separator installations because the mist eliminating capacity of the chevron mist eliminator is a direct function of its physical size. In large capacity separator installations, therefore, the chevron eliminators reach a size which makes it impractical if not impossible to remove them. However, cleaning the chevron eliminator baffles while installed in a separator apparatus has drawbacks. One way to ciean the baffles requires that the separator apparatus be shut down so that workmen may physically enter the separator to manually clean the mud from the chevron baffles. Another way often employed is to place nozzles adjacent to and downstream from the chevron eliminator which nozzles periodically inject high energy cleaning fluid into the passages between the chevron baffles. This can be done without shutting down the separator apparatus. The drawback, of course, is that the mud cleaned from the chevron baffles is -reentrained in the clean gas stream downstream of the chevron baffles, thus, recontaminating the cleaned gas stream.
Examples of chevron mist eliminator baffles used in gas separator apparatus are shown in U.S. Patent No. 3,334,471, -~
issued on August 8, 1967 to Robert A. Herron, and U.S. Patent '~ No. 3,624,696, issued on November 30, L971 to Irving Cohen and Harold J. Byrne.
Another type of known mist eliminator is formed by a '~
series of staggered gas stream deflecting baffles forming a gas , stream path. As the gas stream carrying a liquid mist traverses .. .. .
the path, it impacts the baffles, thus, depositing the liquid mist on one of the faces of the baffles. In addition, these baffles change the direction of flow of the gas stream imparting an angular acceleration to the mist carrying gas stream to . , . ' .
.
centrifugalize residue liquid mist from the gas stream.
Some mist eliminator devices use planar baffles projecting into the gas stream at an obtuse angle relative to the general direction of the gas stream. This type of eliminator functions well in applications wherein a relatively medium pressure drop exists across the eliminator baffles. However, a mud consisting of separated particulate matter and separated liquid tends to build up on the baffles and it does not eliminate enough of the liquid mist from the gas stream with the result that the gas stream exiting from the eliminator device is still wet when a medium wet gas stream is fed into it. When the gas stream impacts the planar baffles, the liquid mist is deposited on the impacted face of the baffle and the gas stream is turned in the ~ -direction of the obtuse angle, thus, imparting a small angular acceleration to the gas stream.
The liquid mist separated from the gas stream then runs off the baffle and falls down into a reservoir. However, when the liquid mist entrained in the gas stream impacts the planar baffle, there is only a small amount of kinetic energy transferred to the baffle from the liquid mist because the baffle is rigid and not an efficient energy absorber. For this . ~ . ~
reason, the liquid mist has an inclination to bounce off of the baffle or splash back into the gas stream whereupon it is reentrained in the gas stream. Additionally, because of the ,;
obtuse angle at which the planar baffles are disposed, the change ~ ;
in direction imparted to the gas stream, and, thus, the angular acceleration induced thereby is relatively same and as a result, the centrifugalizing effect is correspondingly small. An example `
of a gas separator using this type of obtusely disposed planar ,--baffle is shown in U.S. Patent No. 2,491,545, issued on December 20, 1949 to A. R. clark and James C. Buck.
Other mist eliminator devices use planar baffles ~'' ',.
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projecting into the gas stream at a right angle to the general direction of flow of the gas stream. This type of eliminator also functions well in applications wherein a relatively medium pressure drop exists across the eliminator baffles. However, a mud consist-ing of separated particulate matter and separated liquid tends to build up on the baffles, and it does not-eliminate enough of the , liquid mist from the gas stream with the result that the gas stream exiting from the eliminator devlce is still wet when a medium wet gas stream is fed into it. When the gas stream carrying the liquid mist impacts the planar baffles, the liquid mist is deposited on the impacted face of the baffle and the gas stream is turned in the direction of the right angle, thus, imparting an angular acceleration to the gas stream. The liquid mist ~-separated from the gas stream then runs off the baffle and falls down into a reservoir. However, when the liquid mist entrained in the gas stream impacts the baffle, there is only a small amount of kinetic energy transferred to the baffle from the liquid .: , 1 ' mist because the baffle is rigid and not an efficient energy absorber. For this reason, the liquid mist has an inclination to bounce off the baffle or splash back into the air stream whereupon it is reentrained in the gas stream. Additionally, ~`
although these baffles disposed at a right angle to the gas stream more radically change the direction of flow of the gas stream, and, therefore, imparts a greater ~ngular acceleration to the gas stream for a higher centrifugalizing effect than does the obtusely ¦~
disposed planar baffles, in doing so, the right angle planar ; baffles create large eddy currents at the impacted face of the baffle which is counter productive to the job of eliminating ` liquid mist from the gas stream because these eddies pick up ¦-;~ 30~ previously deposited liquid from the baffle reentraining the liquid in the gas stream. An example of a gas separator using this type of right angle disposed planar baffle is shown in U.S.
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-~ 1065771 Patent No . ~, 390, 400, issued on January 25, 1968 to Nils Dock.
Still other mist eliminator devices use planar baffles projecting into the gas stream at an acute angle to the general direction of flow of the gas stream. This type of eliminator functions well at a slightly higher pressure drop across the baffles than doe~ the previously mentioned eliminators. However, it is about equally susceptable to mud build-up and also emits a -wet gas stream when fed with a medium wet gas stream. As with the obtusely disposed and right angle disposed baffies, when the ; 10 gas stream carrying the liquid mist impacts the planar baffles, -the liquid mist is deposited on the impacted surface of the baffle ;
and the gas stream is turned in the direction of the obtuse angle, ~
thus, imparting an angular acceleration to the gas stream. The ; -liquid mist separated from the gas stream then runs off the baffle and falls down into a reservoir. Similarly, when the liquid mist ., ~ . .
entrained in the gas stream impacts the baffle, there is only a small amount of kinetic energy transferred to the baffles from ' .
the liquid mist because the baffle is rigid and not an efficient energy absorber. For this reason, the liquid mist has an inclinatlon to bounce off the baffle or splash back into the air stream whereupon it is reentrained in the gas stream. Further, ~, while these obtusely disposed baffles more radically change the direction of flow of the gas stream, and, therefore, imparts a 'l greater angular acceLeration to the gas stream for a greater centrifugalizing effect than either the obtusely disposed and ~-right angle disposed planar baffles, it also creates iarger eddy -~' currents at the impact face of the baffle. These eddies pick up ;
previously deposited liquid from the baffle reentraining the liquid in the gas stream. Examples of separator devices using 3 ~ 30- these obtusely disposed mist eliminator baffles are shown in U.S.
Patent No. 2,379,795, issued on July 3, 1945 to Orrin E. Fenn;
U.S. Patent No. 3,710,551, issued on January 6, 1973 to John R.
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1065'771 Sved, and U.S. Patent No. 3,738,627, issued on June 12, 1973 to Ronald R. Scotchmur.
To overcome some of the adverse side effects of planar baffles, such as the general inability to completely dry or eliminate liquid mist from a medium wet gas stream, some mist eliminators use curved baffles projecting into the gas stream ; and presents a concave surface to the gas stream. When the mist carrying gas stream impacts the concave face of the baffle, liquid mist is deposited on the impacted baffle face and the gas stream is turned in the direction of the concave face, thus, imparting an angular acceleration to the gas stream for centrifugalizing residue liquid mist from the gas stream. The use of curved mist eliminating baffles overcomes to a great extent the problem of eddy currents caused by planar baffles.
However, because the curved baffles are rigid, and, therefore, poor energy absorbers, the liquid mist removed impaction bounces off or splashes back into the air stream whereupon it is reentrained. Furthermore, this effects a better mist eliminating action than is accomplished in the previously mentloned eliminator devices employing planar baffles. An example of a gas separator ., , apparatus using a curved mist eliminating baffle is shown in U.S.
Patent No. 3,876,399, issued on April 8, 1975 to Joseph P. Saponaro.
The present invention recognizes the drawbacks of the prior art mist eliminators and provides a solution which obviates the problems of mud build-up on the separator members, eddy ,-currents created when the direction of the gas stream is changed i~
and liquid mist bounce-off or splash as a result of mist impaction.
In addition, the present invention solves the problems encountered by the prior art devices without producing a high pressure drop across the eliminator baffles which requires a minimum amount of energy to force the air stream through the eliminator device.
Further, the solution presented by the present invention 10657'71 is straiyhtforward, inexpensive and practical to manufacture.
More particularly, the present invention provides a mist eliminator device for separating a liquid mist from a gas stream containing the liquid mist, the mist eliminator comprising:
a plurality of staggered baffles defining a sinuous path to be followed by the gas stream containing the liquid mist to centrifugalize the liquid mist from the gas stream, and, means defining a sump in at least one of the baffles at a predetermined location along the sinuous path for collecting the liquid mist `~
into a liquid poo~ removed from the gas stream and oriented so that the gas stream containing the mist impacts the liquid pool ~:
to absorb the kinetic energy of the liquid mist contained in the , gas stream.
Several advantageous embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein . like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views, and in which: -.
Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of one ~.
. preferred embodiment of a mist eliminator ~.
device of the present invention; ~.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction of arrows 2-2 in Figure 1: ;-Figure 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of .
another preferred embodiment of a mist `' eliminator device of the present invention; 1.
. Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of .' another preferred embodiment of a mist .~ eliminator device of the present invention;
Figure 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectiona} view of a ' 30 gas separator apparatus incorporating the mist eliminator device of ~igure l; and, .,~
; Figure 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of ., ~: .. ~ - .
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another gas separator apparatus incorporating the mist eliminator device of Figure 1.
Figure l illustrates a liquid mist eliminator device comprising a plurality of staggered gas stream directing baffles 12, 14 and 16 which cooperate to define a sinuous path to be followed by a gas stream containing a liquid mist which is to be centrifugalized from the gas stream as it traverses the sinuous path. For exemplary purposes, the staggered baffles 12, 14 and 16 are illustrated as being enclosed in and attached to the walls of a housing 18. The housing 18 has a gas stream inlet 20 located proximate the upstream end of the sinuous path and a gas stream outlet 22 located proximate the downstream end of the ', sinuous path. For the sake of clarity of understanding, the general direction of flow of the gas stream from the upstream end ' to the downstream end of the sinuous path is defined by the - `
, ~ . . .
phantom line A-A. ' With continued reference to Figure 1, because the incoming gas stream will first encounter the baffle 12 and then the adjacently disposed baffle 14 as the gas stream traverses the sinuous path, in relationship to each other the baffle 12 is ~- . .
an upstream baffle and the baffle 14 is a downstream baffle. The upstream baffle 12 and the adjacent staggered downstream baffle ; 14 are shown as being arcuately shaped and generally concavely ', facing each other and, thus, toward the sinuous path formed therebetween. I1:
`~ The upstream arcuate baffle 12 is illustrated as being attached at its upstream edge 24 to one wall of the housing 18 and comprises a liquid trapping flange 26 projecting generally ~I~ radially from its downstream edge 28 into the gas stream L 30, advantageously at an angle of approximately 30 degrees to the vertical. While the upstream arcuate baffle 12 is illustrated as a segment having a constant radius extending through an arc of .' ~
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approximately 90 degrees, it could extend through an arc of greater or less than 90 degress depending upon the extent to which it is desired to redirect the direction of flow of the gact ' stream. Further, the arcuate baffle 12 could follow a volute of changing radius instead of the illustrated segment having a constant radius.
The downstream arcuate baffle 14 is illustrated as being attached to a wall of the housing 18 across from the wall to which the upstream baffle 12 is attached and as being a segment having a constant radius and extending through an arc of approximately 180 degrees. However, the downstream baffle 14 i could extend through an arc greater or less than 180 degrees ' depending upon the extent to which it is desired to redirect the : ,.
direction of flow of the gas stream. Further, the arcuate baffle 14 could follow a volute of changing radius instead of the illustrated segment having a constant radius. The downstream ~ arcuate baffle 14 comprises a liquid trapping flange 30 ;; projecting generally radially from its downstream edge 32 into ~:, . .. .
the gas stream at an angle of approximately 30 degrees to the ~ 20 vertical and a sump, generally denoted as the numeral 34, formed downstream of the upstream edge 36 of the baffle 14. The sump ?
`' 34, which is for collecting a pool 35 of liquid centrifugalized from the gas stream, is preferably located immediately downstream of the upstream edge 36 of the baffle 14 behind a weir flange 38 ~ which projects generally radially into the gas stream from the i upstream edge 36 of the baffle 14. It has been found in practice that a one and a half inch high weir plate works well. The sump 34 is oriented so that the gas stream containing the liquid mist redirected by the upstream baffle 12 impacts the liquid pool 30~ collected in the sump. To this end, the downstream edge 28 of ' the upstream baffle 12 and the upstream edge 36 of the downstream baffle 14 overlap each other by a predetermined distance in the . -_ g _ ~:-- , :-,,: , , ~
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-` 1065~771 general direction of flow of the gas stream and are spaced apart a predetermined distance in a direction transverse to the general direction of flow of the gas stream.
With reference to Figure 2, the downstream arcuate baffle 14 extends completely across the housing 18 between opposite walls thereof and is attached at its opposite ends 40, .
42 to the walls of the housing 18. Thus, in this illustrated ... .
embodiment, the sump 34 is defined by the concave surface of the ~ .
downstream arcuate baffle 14, the weir flange 38, and the walls of the housing 18 to the downstream arcuate baffle 14 is attached.
It should be obvious, however, that in the event the downstream baffle 14 does not extend completely across the housing 18 so :
that the ends 40 and 42 of the baffle 14 terminate a distance from the walls of the housing, that closure plates (not shown) can be attached to the arcuate baffle 14 and weir flange 38 at ~
the ends. 40 and 42 of the baffle 14 to take the place of the :
. walls of the housing 18 in defining the sump 34.
. Returning to Figure 1, the downstream edge 28 of the upstream baffle 12 and the upstream edge 36 of the downstream baffle 14 cooperate to form, in essence, a nozzle through which the gas stream flows. In practice, it has been observed that best results are obtained when the cross-sectional area of this -, nozzle is greater than the cross-sectional area of the gas stream - ~
inlet 20. Likewise, another nozzle is formed between the .~ .
. downstream edge 32 of the baffle 14 and the downstream edge 28 ! ~ ~
of the upstream baffle 12. It has also been observed that best ~ ~.
results are obtained when .the cross-sectional area of this other nozzle is greater than the cross-sectional area of the nozzle . formed between the downstream edge 28 of baffle 12 and upstream 3 edge 36 of baffle 14. These observed results have been attributed ~`
~ to the fact that this construction approximates a diverging `i nozzle which decreases the velocity of the gas stream moving ., ' .. . ..
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~065771 through it and decreases the pressure drop.
The baffle 16 is disposed downstream of the arcuate baffle 14 and is illustrated as being planar. The planar baffle 16 is attached to the same wall of the housing 18 as is the upstream arcuate baffle 12 and upwardly extends advantageously into the gas stream at an obtuse angle of approximately 135 degrees to the vertical, thus, forming an obtuse angle to the general direction of flow of the gas stream. The planar baffle 16 comprises a liquid trapping flange 44 projecting advantageously from its downstream edge 46 at an angle of approximately 30 degrees to the vertical. While it is true that the planar baffle -16 will cause more eddy currents than would an arcuate baffle, the consequences of eddy currents at this most downstream baffle 16 are minimal because in most applications virtually all of the liquid mist will have been removed from the gas stream before the gas stream reaches the baffle 14. The planar shape of this baffle 14 is merely a manufacturing expedient because a planar 3 baffle is easier to make than is an arcuate baffle. However, it ~ , ;`. i9 foreseeable that in some applications, it may be desireable to substitute an arcuately shaped baffle for the planar baffle 16.
, In operation, a gas stream containing a liquid mist, j indicated by the arrows "A" enters the mist eliminator device through the inlet 20 in a direction toward the upstream baffle 12.
~; The air stream impacts the baffle 12 which causes the air stream to change its direction of flow. This change in flow direction ` imparts an angular acceleration to the gas stream centrifugalizing a portion of the liquid mist. An additional amount of liquid mist is separated out of the gas stream by impaction against the ' baffle 12. The liquid mist separated out of the gas stream by impaction and by centrifugalizing runs along the concave surface of the baffle 12 until it meets the liquid trapping flange 26.
The liquid trapping flange 26 acts as a dam and collects the .~. "
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separated liquid into a mass. The collected liquid continuously - drains in solid streams, indicated by the arrows "B", from the area upstream of the liquid trapping flange 26 downwardly into, ~ -for example, a reservoir 48 formed in the bottom of the housing 18 below the inlet 20. Because this separated liquid falls in the form of streams "s" of liquid rather than a mist or droplets, very little, if any, liquid is reentrained in the gas stream "A".
The gas stream "A" next impinges upon the pool 35 of previously separated liquid collected in the sump 34 formed in the downstream baffle 14. Upon impact, the pool 35 absorbs the :~
. kinetic energy of a portion of the remaining liquid mist entrained in the gas stream, thus, preventing the entrained liquid mist from splashing off the downstream baffle 14 and into the gas stream and at the same time collects a portion of the liquid mist. As the pool 35 collects additional liquid, it overflows the weir flange 38 and falls in the form of solid streams, indicated by the arrows "C", downwardly into the reservoir 48. .
; Again, because this overfIowing liquid falls in the form of coalesced liquid streams "C", rather than drops or mist, very little, if any, liquid is reentrained in the gas stream "A". It .~ should be noted that the surface of the pool 35 is at an angle to the horizontal plane because of the air stream flowing over it. This angle effectively increases the surface area of the pool subjected to impact by the gas stream "A". Concurrently, . ~ .
. the downstream arcuate baffle 14 again smoothly changes the .,, . direction of flow of the gas stream in the direction of the :
- arcuate baffle 14 thereby imparting an angular acceleration to the gas stream centrifugalizing most of the residue liquid mist .j , ... from the gas stream. The residue liquid mist thus centrifugalized ~-;, 30 flows along the concave surface of the arcuate baffle 14 under , the influence of the gas stream until it meets the liquid trapping flange 30. The liquid trapping flange 30 acts as a dam and . . .
collects the separated residue liquid mist into a mass. The collected residue liquid continuously drains in solid streams, indicated by arrows "D", from the area immediately upstream of the liquid trapping flange 30 downwardly into the reservoir 48.
Because this separated liquid falls in the form of coalesced streams "D" rather than a mist or droplets, very little, if any, liquid is reentrained in the gas stream "A".
After leaving the area of the downstream edge 32 of the arcuate baffle 14, the gas stream "A" next impinges on the planar surface of the planar baffle-16 whereupon the gas stream is again caused to change direction to flow in the direction of the baffle 16 thereby imparting an angular acceleration to the gas stream centrifugalizing residual liquid mist from the gas stream. Some residual liquid mist is also separated from the gas stream by impaction against the baffle 16. The separated-out liquid mist flows along the planar baffle 16 until it meets the li~quid trapping flange 44. The liquid trapping flange 44 acts as a dam and collects the separated liquid mist into a mass. The collected liquid continuously drains in coalesced streams, indicated by arrows "E", from the area immediately upstream of the liquid `~ trapping flange 44 downwardly into the reservoir 48. As previously mentioned, because the liquid falls in the form of coalesced streams "E" rather than a mist or droplets, very little, if any, liquid is reentrained in the gas stream "A".
Upon leaving the downstream edge 46 of the baffle 16, the now mist-free gas stream flows out of the mist separator device through the outlet 22.
Accumulated liquid can be drained from the reservoir .~ , i 48 through a conveniently located drain 50.
` 30 The flow of gas through the unit can be induced either by a fan (not shown) located upstream of the inlet 20, or, more conventionally, by a fan (not shown) located downstream of the - 13 - ,~
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outl~t 22.
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Now referring to Figure 3, there is illustrated another ~-advantageous embodiment of a mist eliminator device of the present invention which is identical in every respect to the mist eliminator device of Figure 1 except for the relative dispositions of the downstream edge of the first upstream baffle and the upstream edge 36 of the second downstream baffle. In the mist eliminator device of ~igure 3, the downstream edge 28 of an upstream arcuate baffle 12 and the upstream edge 36 of an immediately adjacent staggered downstream baffle 14 overlap in aligned relationship in the general direction of flow of the gas stream. This configuration has utility in applications wherein the velocity of the gas stream may be too low to propel the gas stream across the space between the downstream edge of the upstream baffle and the upstream edge of the downstream baffle of the mist eliminator device of Figure 1 and follow the sinuous path without dissipating somewhat before impacting the pool collected in the sump. The nozzle.in the embodiment of Figure 3 formed between the downstream edge 28 of the upstream arcuate `- ' baffle 12 and the aligned upstream edge 36 of the downstream "~ baffle 14 guides the gas'stream to a point closer to the pool 35 than does the configuration of Figure 1, thus, preventing dissipation of the gas stream.
Turning now to Figure 4, there is illustrated another advantageous emb,odiment of a mist eliminator of the present invention which is identical in every respect to the mist eliminator device of Figure 1 except for the relative dispositions , of the downstream edge of the upstream arcuate baffle and upstream edge of the downstream baffle. In the mist eliminator device of Figure 4, the downstream edge 28 of an upstream arcuate baffle 12 and the upstream edge 36'of an immediately adjacent staggered downstream baffle 14 overlap each other by a predetermined :
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,. . . - -~:
, distanc~ in the ~eneral direction of flow of the gas strea~ and also overlap each other a predetermined distance in a direction transverse to the general direction of flow of the gas stream.
This configuration also has utility in applications wherein the velocity of the gas stream may be too low to propel the gas stream across the space between ~he downstream edge of baffle and upstream edge of baffle of the mist eliminator device shown in Figures 1 and 3 and follow the sinuous path without dissipating somewhat before impacting the pool collected in the sump. The nozzle in the embodiment of Figure 4 formed between the overlapping downstream edge 28 and upstream edge 36 guides the gas stream into the downstream arcuate baffle 14 to a point immediately over ~ , .
the surface of the pool 35, thus, preventing dissipation of the ~; gas stream.
: ;:
~ The mist eliminator device of the present invention can ;, be used to eliminate a liquid mist from a gas stream emanating from virtually any source.
; For example, the mist eliminator device of the present invention can be used in place of the chevron mist eliminator baffles used in the devices disclosed of U.S. Patent ~os.
... .
3,334,471 and 3,624,696. Likewise, the mist eliminator devicè
... . .
' of the present invention can be used in the devices disclosed in , . .
U.S. Patent ~os. 2,373,330; 2,379,795; 2,491,645; 3,018,847;
` 3,390,400; 3,876,399; 3,710,551 and 3,738,627 in place of the -~ mist eliminators disclosed therein.
, r, `r: Figure S illustrates a gas separator apparatus S2 ~` comprising the mist eliminator device of Figure 1 of the present invention located downstream of an impurity removing means, ~` generally denoted as the numeral 54, which removes impurities .. ~; , ~;~ 30 entrained in a gas stream by contacting these impurities-with a ;~ scrubbing liquid.
The gas separator apparatus 52 is illustrated as .
::, :~.
:.: ,. , ~. , - :
1065~1 comprising a housing 118, enclosing bath, the mist eliminator components and the impurity removing means 52. The housing 118 defines a dirty gas inlet chamber 56 having a dirty gas inlet 58 and a scrubbing liquid reservoir 148.
The impurity removing means 54 is in the form of a stationary impeller section which comprises an S-shaped gas stream directing wall 62 and an arcuate gas stream directing wall 64 spaced from the S-shaped wall 62 to define a diverging S-shaped gas stream passage therebetween which S-shaped passage - , provides gas stream communication between the dirty gas inlet chamber 56 and mist eliminator device or section 10. The lower edge of the arcuate wall 62 extends downwardly into the reservoir i 158 below the level of the scrubbing liquid contained therein when a dirty gas stream is flowing through the S-shaped passage.
The scrubbing liquid reservoir 60 comprises a drain 150 for draining dirty scrubbing liquid and particulate contaminants separated from the gas stream, and scrubbing liquid replenishing means (not shown) for'replenishing the scrubbing liquid as required to maintain the proper level in the reservoir.
In operation, dirty gas from the dirty gas inlet ~ chamber 56 enters the S-shaped passage sweeping the scrubbing i~ liquid from the reservoir with it into the S-shaped passage ~; as indicated by the arrows "F". The scrubbing liquid, together with the particulate contaminants contained in the gas stream, is subjected to extremely intense centrifugal action as it traverses ~` the S-shaped passage. As a result, the scrubbing liquid collects ,~ into a stream moving along the S-shaped passage and the particulates are deposited in this sheet of scrubbing liquid, and are, thus, removed from the gas stream. This stream of scrubbing liquid and 30- deposited particulates is discharged from the exit of the S-shaped passage generally downwardly into the scrubbing liquid contained ~` in the reservoir 148 as indicated by the arrows "G". The gas .' .
.. -: .
.
, , .:
.. : . , . : .
:::. :. ~ ::
' , , ' , `- 1065771 stream, now substantially cleaned of particulate matter, exiting the S-shaped passage has a mist of entrained scrubbing liquid.
This gas stream containing the scrubbing liquid mist flows toward the upstream arcuate baffle 12 of the mist eliminator device as indicated by the arrows "A" and the process as described in reference to Figure 1 for eliminating the entrained liquid mist occurs.
Figure 6 illustrates another gas separator-apparatus 152 comprising the mist eliminator device of Figure 1 of the present invention located downstream of an impurity removing means, generally denoted as the numeral 154, which removes impurities entrained in a gas stream by contacting these impurities with a scrubbing liquid.
The impurity removing means 154 comprising a flow , through housing 156 having a dirty gas inlet 158 at one end and a clean gas outlet 160 at the other end. The clean gas outlet ; 160 is in fluid communication with the gas stream inlet 20 of the mist eliminator by means of, for example, duct 162.
A dirty gas stream enters the housing 156 and passes through a first restraining grid 164 extending across one extremity of the housing 156. The dirty gas stream then passes into contact zone 166 where it contacts gas contact elements 168, which advantageously are substantially spherical in shape. The spherical elements 168 are coated with a thin film of scrubbing .: ,.
liquid from either treating fluid inlets 170 or nozzles 172 or both. Upon contacting the spherical elements 168, the dirty gas ';
is cleaned since the thin film of scrubbing liquid coating thereon either causes particulate matter to adhere thereto, or, alternatively, chemically reacts with the impurities in the gas stream. The spherical elements 168 are buoyed upwardly toward a 1`
second restraining grid 174 which is positioned to direct the clean gas stream out of the contact zone 166, and direct the .. . . .
.
: : . . . ` . , .
. :~ . . .. ,: .
10657'71 spherical elements 168 out of the cleaned gas stream. The spherical elements 168 fall by gravity into element treating zone 176 which is formed by baffle means 178 dividing a portion of the housing 156 between the first and second restraining grids into the contact zone 166 and the element treating zone 176 for recirculation back into the contact zone 166. The substantially spherical elements 168 continue to fall downwardly in the element treating zone 176 past the scrubbing fluid inlet 170, which is emitting a scrubbing liquid, until they reach the lower portion of the zone 176. At the lower portion of the element treating zone 176, there exists an exit aperture 180. Directly below exit ; 24 is the first restraining grid 164 having integral therewith a fluid impervious portion 182. The fluid impervious portion 182 prevents the dirty gas stream from overcoming the force exerted by the scrubbing liquid from fluid inlet 170 on the spherical ``i elements 168, and forcing them upwardly in the element treating .; .
,; zone 176.
The scrubbing liquid fro~ fluid inlet 170 cleans the spherical elements 168 leaving them coated with a thin film of . .
the scrubbing liquid, and recirculates them again into the dirty , gas stream. The scrubbing liquid from liquid inlet 170 as well as the scrubbing liquid from nozzle 172 drains downwardly and is collected in reservoir 184 of the housing 156, from which it may be withdrawn through drain 186.
The scrubbing liquid emitting from nozzle 172 may be a ,; different liquid than that emitting from inlet 170. For example, ~. .
`.~ in the removal of sulfur dioxide, it may be desireable to formulate a liquid to be introduced through nozzle 172 which contains a high concentration of calcium carbonate, with a view ~ I
~ 30 - toward reacting the calcium carbonate chemically with the S02 of ... . .
` the dirty gàs to form calcium sulfate. The calcium sulfate is a, .. - , ~ solid which can be flushed from the spherical elements 168 by a .,:~-.
. ~ . .
.
'* :':.
` 10657 71 spray of water from treating fluid inlet 170. The impurity removing means 154 is more fully described in U.S. Patent No.
3,810,348, issued on May 14, 1974 to Thomas W. Byers et al.
The cleaned gas stream exiting the contact zone 166 through the restraining grid 174 has an entrained mist of scrubbing liquid. The cleaned gas stream with the entrained mist of scrubbing liquid exits the housing 156 via outlet 160 and flows through the duct 162 and into the inlet 20 of the mist eliminator device as indicated by arrows "A". The process of mist elimination then follows as described in relationship to Figure 1 and a cleaned gas stream absent any scrubbing liquid mist exits from the mist eliminator through outlet 22.
The foregoing detailed descriptions are given primarily for clarity of understanding and no unnecessary limitations should be understood therefrom, for modifications will be obvious to those skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure and may ,. ~
~ be made without departing from the spirit of the invention or ., , ` the scope of the appended claims. .
.. . .
.~, ' .
.``'~'~. ' :~ .: . , ~"
::
: :.
~' .
....
;.
~ ..
.
~; ......................... . .
.:.-;, .
,. .
. . - .
,i ' . ~ .
' ~ - 19 -. ` ` ' .
Claims (23)
1. A mist eliminator device for separating a liquid mist from a gas stream containing the liquid mist, the mist eliminator comprising:
a plurality of staggered baffles defining a sinuous path to be followed by the gas stream containing the liquid mist to centrifugalize the liquid mist from the gas stream; and, means defining a sump in at least one of the baffles at a predetermined location along the sinuous path for collecting the centrifugalized liquid mist into a coalesced pool and orien-ted so that the gas stream containing the mist impacts the coalesced liquid pool collected in the sump to absorb the kinetic energy of the liquid mist contained in the gas stream.
a plurality of staggered baffles defining a sinuous path to be followed by the gas stream containing the liquid mist to centrifugalize the liquid mist from the gas stream; and, means defining a sump in at least one of the baffles at a predetermined location along the sinuous path for collecting the centrifugalized liquid mist into a coalesced pool and orien-ted so that the gas stream containing the mist impacts the coalesced liquid pool collected in the sump to absorb the kinetic energy of the liquid mist contained in the gas stream.
2. The mist eliminator defined in claim 1, wherein the downstream edge of at least one of the baffles overlaps, in the general direction of the flow of the liquid mist carrying gas stream, the upstream edge of the staggered baffle immediately downstream from it.
3. The mist eliminator defined in claim 2, wherein the sump is formed in the downstream baffle.
4. The mist eliminator defined in claim 3, wherein the sump is formed on the downstream baffle immediately downstream of its upstream edge.
5. The mist eliminator defined in claim 4, wherein the sump comprises a weir flange projecting generally into the liquid mist containing air stream from the upstream edge of the down-stream baffle.
6. The mist eliminator defined in claim 5, wherein said weir flange is approximately one and one half inches high.
7. The mist eliminator defined in claim 5, wherein the downstream edge of at least one of the baffles is spaced from the upstream edge of the staggered baffle immediately downstream from it in a direction transverse to the general direction of flow of the liquid mist carrying gas stream.
8. The mist eliminator defined in claim 5, wherein the downstream edge of at least one of the baffles overlaps the up-stream edge of the staggered baffle immediately downstream from it in a direction transverse to the general direction of flow of the liquid mist carrying gas stream.
9. The mist eliminator defined in claim 5, wherein the downstream edge of the baffle which overlaps the upstream edge of the staggered baffle immediately downstream from it is also in alignment therewith.
10. The mist eliminator defined in claim 1, wherein at least two adjacently disposed staggered baffles are arcuately shaped and generally concavely face toward the sinuous path formed therebetween.
11. The mist eliminator defined in claim 10, wherein the downstream edge of the upstream arcuate baffle overlaps the upstream edge of the adjacent downstream arcuate baffle in the general direction of flow of the liquid mist carrying gas stream.
12. The mist eliminator defined in claim 11, wherein the sump is formed in the downstream arcuate baffle downstream of its upstream edge.
13. The mist eliminator defined in claim 11, wherein the sump is formed in the downstream arcuate baffle immediately downstream of its upstream edge.
14. The mist eliminator defined in claim 13, wherein the sump comprises a weir flange projecting generally radially from the upstream edge of the downstream arcuately shaped baffle.
15. The mist eliminator defined in claim 11, wherein the upstream baffle further comprises a liquid trapping flange pro-jecting generally radially from its downstream edge.
16. The mist eliminator defined in claim 11, wherein the downstream baffle further comprises a liquid trapping flange projecting generally radially from its downstream edge.
17. The mist eliminator defined in claim 10, further com-prising at least one planar baffle disposed downstream of the two arcuately shaped and oriented at approximately a 45 degree angle to the horizontal.
18. me mist eliminator defined in claim 17, wherein the planar baffle further comprises a liquid trapping flange pro-jecting into the gas stream from the downstream edge of the planar baffle.
19. The mist eliminator defined in claim 15, wherein the liquid trapping flange is disposed at an angle of approximately 30 degrees to the vertical.
20. The mist eliminator defined in claim 16, wherein the liquid trapping flange is disposed at an angle of approximately 30 degrees to the horizontal.
21. The mist eliminator defined in claim 18, wherein the liquid trapping flange is disposed at an angle of approximately 30 degrees to the vertical.
22. The mist eliminator defined in claim 1, wherein the general direction of the sinuous path is vertical.
23. The gas separating apparatus defined in claim 22, wherein the means defining the sinuous path comprises:
a plurality of staggered baffles; and, the sump being formed in at least one of the baffles.
a plurality of staggered baffles; and, the sump being formed in at least one of the baffles.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US62673075A | 1975-10-29 | 1975-10-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1065771A true CA1065771A (en) | 1979-11-06 |
Family
ID=24511590
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA258,047A Expired CA1065771A (en) | 1975-10-29 | 1976-07-29 | Device for separating a liquid mist from a gas stream and a gas separation apparatus incorporating same |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5255063A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR210763A1 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE845955A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7607160A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1065771A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD127721A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2647374A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK487376A (en) |
| ES (2) | ES451328A1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI762956A7 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2329327A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1566718A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1076931B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7610412A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO762817L (en) |
| YU (1) | YU263676A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA764472B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60168560A (en) * | 1984-02-13 | 1985-09-02 | Taikisha Ltd | Paint mist removal apparatus of painting booth |
| FR2784305B1 (en) * | 1998-10-12 | 2000-12-22 | Alstom Technology | DEVICE FOR SEPARATING AND RECOVERING LIQUID PARTICLES CONTAINED IN A GASEOUS EFFLUENT |
| SE517619C2 (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2002-06-25 | Conny Norman | Device for a ventilation system |
| DE202004019361U1 (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2005-04-07 | Berbel Ablufttechnik Gmbh | Gas extraction equipment for removal of volatiles and/or aerosols from cooling plastic during processing has guides for alternating air flow direction with upstream and downstream surfaces at different angles to air flow |
| GB2438929B (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2011-10-26 | Catalyst Handling Res & Engineering Ltd | Improved particulate handling apparatus and method |
| FR3075066B1 (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-12-20 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | PHASE SEPARATOR FOR FUEL CELL |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH296294A (en) * | 1952-03-21 | 1954-02-15 | Bruggen Burchard V D | Paint mist washing device for paint spray points. |
| FR94772E (en) * | 1963-04-02 | 1969-11-21 | Tunzini | Dust removal installation, in particular for painting booths. |
| GB1070935A (en) * | 1964-04-21 | 1967-06-07 | Ronald Henry Reilly | Improvements in gas scrubbers |
| GB1231710A (en) * | 1969-03-18 | 1971-05-12 |
-
1976
- 1976-07-26 ZA ZA764472A patent/ZA764472B/en unknown
- 1976-07-29 CA CA258,047A patent/CA1065771A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-13 NO NO762817A patent/NO762817L/no unknown
- 1976-08-17 IT IT26311/76A patent/IT1076931B/en active
- 1976-09-08 BE BE170441A patent/BE845955A/en unknown
- 1976-09-08 ES ES451328A patent/ES451328A1/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-09 FR FR7627201A patent/FR2329327A1/en active Granted
- 1976-09-10 AR AR264554A patent/AR210763A1/en active
- 1976-09-20 NL NL7610412A patent/NL7610412A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-09-27 JP JP51115722A patent/JPS5255063A/en active Pending
- 1976-10-06 GB GB41584/76A patent/GB1566718A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-10-15 FI FI762956A patent/FI762956A7/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-10-20 DE DE19762647374 patent/DE2647374A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1976-10-26 BR BR7607160A patent/BR7607160A/en unknown
- 1976-10-27 DD DD7600195484A patent/DD127721A5/en unknown
- 1976-10-28 DK DK487376A patent/DK487376A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-10-28 YU YU02636/76A patent/YU263676A/en unknown
-
1977
- 1977-03-10 ES ES456711A patent/ES456711A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE845955A (en) | 1976-12-31 |
| ZA764472B (en) | 1977-07-27 |
| GB1566718A (en) | 1980-05-08 |
| AU1646876A (en) | 1978-02-09 |
| NO762817L (en) | 1977-05-02 |
| FI762956A7 (en) | 1977-04-30 |
| JPS5255063A (en) | 1977-05-06 |
| IT1076931B (en) | 1985-04-27 |
| YU263676A (en) | 1982-06-30 |
| NL7610412A (en) | 1977-05-03 |
| DE2647374A1 (en) | 1977-05-05 |
| ES451328A1 (en) | 1977-11-01 |
| FR2329327A1 (en) | 1977-05-27 |
| AR210763A1 (en) | 1977-09-15 |
| BR7607160A (en) | 1977-09-13 |
| DD127721A5 (en) | 1977-10-12 |
| ES456711A1 (en) | 1978-01-16 |
| FR2329327B1 (en) | 1980-04-25 |
| DK487376A (en) | 1977-04-30 |
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