BR9713628A - Produto ambientalmente estável, produto fundido reativo, e, cimento misturado - Google Patents
Produto ambientalmente estável, produto fundido reativo, e, cimento misturadoInfo
- Publication number
- BR9713628A BR9713628A BR9713628A BR9713628A BR9713628A BR 9713628 A BR9713628 A BR 9713628A BR 9713628 A BR9713628 A BR 9713628A BR 9713628 A BR9713628 A BR 9713628A BR 9713628 A BR9713628 A BR 9713628A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- product
- mixed
- powder
- environmentally stable
- mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009390 chemical decontamination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
- C04B18/108—Burned or pyrolised refuse involving a melting step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/023—Fired or melted materials
- C04B18/026—Melted materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S106/00—Compositions: coating or plastic
- Y10S106/90—Soil stabilization
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
"PRODUTO AMBIENTALMENTE ESTáVEL, PRODUTO FUNDIDO REATIVO, E, CIMENTO MISTURADO". Essa invenção refere-se à remediação e descontaminação termo-química de sedimentos e solos contaminados com contaminantes orgânicos além de materiais inorgânicos com a reutilização benéfica subsequente. Os produtos novos ambientalmente estáveis de valor comercial são produzidos quando determinados aditivos tais como cálcio e óxidos e metal são misturados com os materiais contaminados. No processo, a mistura é aquecida a 1150°C ~1500° para produzir um produto de reação fundido com pelo menos parte de uma quantidade excessiva de mistura de oxigênio ou ar é continuamente borbulhada através do material fundido a fim de fornecer a mistura e atingir a destruição e remoção térmica alta das eficiências dos contaminantes orgânicos. O material fundido é então rapidamente resfriado no ar úmido, vapor ou água para evitar a transformação do material amorfo em cristais. Os contaminantes inorgânicos tais como crómio, níquel, zinco, etc.. são incorporados e completamente imobilizados dentro da rede de silicato amorfa. As emisões atmosféricas resultantes desse processão são não tóxicas e capazes de corresponder às exigências atuais de saúde e meio ambiente especificadas. O material amorfo pode ser pulverizado para render um pó que prova as propriedades de cimento pela reação com a solução alcalina ou pela mistura do mesmo com outros mateiais para produzir cimentos misturados. As resistências à compressão dos concretos feitos a partir do pó da invenção e as misturas do mesmo são comparáveis a, ou superiores às exigências ASTM para aplicações de concreto de finalidade geral. O pó da invenção, os cimentos misturados, e a argamassa/concreto derivado do mesmo também passam facilmente pelos testes de lixiviação TCLP para atingir aceitação ambiental.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/773,677 US5855666A (en) | 1996-12-24 | 1996-12-24 | Process for preparing environmentally stable products by the remediation of contaminated sediments and soils |
| PCT/US1997/024005 WO1998028238A1 (en) | 1996-12-24 | 1997-12-23 | Environmentally stable products derived from the remediation of contaminated sediments and soils |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| BR9713628A true BR9713628A (pt) | 2000-04-11 |
Family
ID=25098972
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR9713628A BR9713628A (pt) | 1996-12-24 | 1997-12-23 | Produto ambientalmente estável, produto fundido reativo, e, cimento misturado |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5855666A (pt) |
| EP (1) | EP0948467A4 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JP2001506964A (pt) |
| KR (1) | KR100472634B1 (pt) |
| AU (1) | AU728391B2 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR9713628A (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA2276022C (pt) |
| TW (1) | TW472031B (pt) |
| WO (1) | WO1998028238A1 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (41)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1015444C2 (nl) | 2000-06-15 | 2001-12-19 | Xrg Excellent Res And Engineer | Werkwijze voor het omzetten van verontreinigd slib of baggerspecie tot een keramisch product. |
| WO2002074391A1 (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2002-09-26 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Method of treatment of dredged material for beneficial use |
| US7101115B2 (en) | 2001-11-13 | 2006-09-05 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | In situ stabilization of persistent hydrophobic organic contaminants in sediments using coal- and wood-derived carbon sorbents |
| US8057378B2 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2011-11-15 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Method of treatment of dredged material for beneficial use |
| JP4167845B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-29 | 2008-10-22 | 株式会社エーアンドエーマテリアル | セメント系無機硬化体及びその製造法 |
| BR0316229A (pt) * | 2002-11-13 | 2005-10-04 | Chiron Corp | Métodos de tratamento de câncer e métodos relacionados |
| GB0419682D0 (en) * | 2004-09-04 | 2004-10-06 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Novel encapsulation medium |
| US7537789B1 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2009-05-26 | Envirovest Llc | System controlling soluble phosphorus and nitrates and other nutrients, and a method of using the system |
| JP2009535198A (ja) * | 2006-04-27 | 2009-10-01 | プレジデント アンド フェロウズ オブ ハーバード カレッジ | 二酸化炭素の捕捉および関連プロセス |
| US8123865B2 (en) | 2007-03-19 | 2012-02-28 | Gb International Ltd. | Method and composition for starch extraction and modification |
| MX2009012746A (es) * | 2007-05-24 | 2009-12-10 | Calera Corp | Cementos hidraulicos que comprenden composiciones de compuesto de carbonato. |
| US7753618B2 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-07-13 | Calera Corporation | Rocks and aggregate, and methods of making and using the same |
| US7744761B2 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-06-29 | Calera Corporation | Desalination methods and systems that include carbonate compound precipitation |
| US20100239467A1 (en) | 2008-06-17 | 2010-09-23 | Brent Constantz | Methods and systems for utilizing waste sources of metal oxides |
| KR20100105860A (ko) * | 2007-12-28 | 2010-09-30 | 칼레라 코포레이션 | Co2 분리 방법 |
| US7854789B1 (en) | 2008-03-31 | 2010-12-21 | Ash Grove Cement Company | System and process for controlling pollutant emissions in a cement production facility |
| US20100144521A1 (en) * | 2008-05-29 | 2010-06-10 | Brent Constantz | Rocks and Aggregate, and Methods of Making and Using the Same |
| US7993500B2 (en) * | 2008-07-16 | 2011-08-09 | Calera Corporation | Gas diffusion anode and CO2 cathode electrolyte system |
| CN101910469A (zh) | 2008-07-16 | 2010-12-08 | 卡勒拉公司 | 电化学系统中的co2利用 |
| JP2011528405A (ja) * | 2008-07-16 | 2011-11-17 | カレラ コーポレイション | 二酸化炭素ガスを使用する低エネルギー4セル電気化学システム |
| US8869477B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2014-10-28 | Calera Corporation | Formed building materials |
| US7771684B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2010-08-10 | Calera Corporation | CO2-sequestering formed building materials |
| US7815880B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2010-10-19 | Calera Corporation | Reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions |
| US7939336B2 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2011-05-10 | Calera Corporation | Compositions and methods using substances containing carbon |
| EP2620207A3 (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2013-09-18 | Calera Corporation | Non-cementitious compositions comprising CO2 sequestering additives |
| US9133581B2 (en) | 2008-10-31 | 2015-09-15 | Calera Corporation | Non-cementitious compositions comprising vaterite and methods thereof |
| AU2009287464B2 (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2010-09-23 | Arelac, Inc. | Processing CO2 utilizing a recirculating solution |
| EP2384520A1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2011-11-09 | Calera Corporation | Low-energy electrochemical proton transfer system and method |
| US20100258035A1 (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2010-10-14 | Brent Constantz | Compositions and methods using substances containing carbon |
| US20110091366A1 (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2011-04-21 | Treavor Kendall | Neutralization of acid and production of carbonate-containing compositions |
| US20110042230A1 (en) * | 2009-01-28 | 2011-02-24 | Gilliam Ryan J | Low-energy electrochemical bicarbonate ion solution |
| CN101918614A (zh) * | 2009-02-10 | 2010-12-15 | 卡勒拉公司 | 用氢和电催化电极低电压生产碱 |
| CA2694959A1 (en) | 2009-03-02 | 2010-09-02 | Calera Corporation | Gas stream multi-pollutants control systems and methods |
| US20100224503A1 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-09 | Kirk Donald W | Low-energy electrochemical hydroxide system and method |
| AU2010201373A1 (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-30 | Calera Corporation | System and methods for processing CO2 |
| US20110147227A1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-06-23 | Gilliam Ryan J | Acid separation by acid retardation on an ion exchange resin in an electrochemical system |
| US7993511B2 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-08-09 | Calera Corporation | Electrochemical production of an alkaline solution using CO2 |
| US20110079515A1 (en) * | 2009-07-15 | 2011-04-07 | Gilliam Ryan J | Alkaline production using a gas diffusion anode with a hydrostatic pressure |
| US9033618B2 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2015-05-19 | American Accutech Ltd. Co. | Effective approach to preventing and remedying distresses in soils and construction materials |
| US20110033247A1 (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-02-10 | American Accutech Ltd. Co. | Effective Approach to Preventing and Remedying Distresses in Soils and Construction Materials |
| FR3025732B1 (fr) * | 2014-09-15 | 2019-05-31 | Pyro Green Innovations | Procede et installation de vitrification en continu de materiaux fibreux |
Family Cites Families (32)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3332490A (en) * | 1964-12-21 | 1967-07-25 | Gulf Research Development Co | Aqueous solutions of devitrifiable glasses, methods of using, and products thereof |
| US4388117A (en) * | 1978-10-02 | 1983-06-14 | Wilson Sr Eddie K | Process and apparatus for producing portland and other hydraulic cements |
| JPS55136154A (en) * | 1979-04-03 | 1980-10-23 | Sumitomo Cement Co | Method and device for utilizing combustible matter |
| FR2482872A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-20 | 1981-11-27 | Gagneraud Francis | Production de granules spheroidaux ou billes a partir de matieres minerales en fusion |
| US4668300A (en) * | 1983-10-04 | 1987-05-26 | Jorge Miller | Preparation of cement using stabilized fibers of metastable calcium silicate |
| US4602574A (en) * | 1984-11-08 | 1986-07-29 | United States Steel Corporation | Destruction of toxic organic chemicals |
| US4764487A (en) * | 1985-08-05 | 1988-08-16 | Glass Incorporated International | High iron glass composition |
| US4666490A (en) * | 1986-02-12 | 1987-05-19 | Drake Ronald N | Aqueous waste vitrification process and apparatus |
| DE3836899C1 (pt) * | 1988-10-29 | 1989-11-23 | O & K Orenstein & Koppel Ag, 1000 Berlin, De | |
| US5253991A (en) * | 1989-11-20 | 1993-10-19 | Sumitomo Cement Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for producing spheroidal inorganic particulate material |
| FR2660218B1 (fr) * | 1990-04-02 | 1992-06-05 | Philippe Pichat | Procede d'incineration de dechets. |
| US5177304A (en) * | 1990-07-24 | 1993-01-05 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method and system for forming carbon dioxide from carbon-containing materials in a molten bath of immiscible metals |
| US5273567A (en) * | 1991-03-07 | 1993-12-28 | Glasstech, Inc. | High shear mixer and glass melting apparatus and method |
| US5180421A (en) * | 1991-03-11 | 1993-01-19 | Rostoker, Inc. | Method and apparatus for recovering useful products from waste streams |
| US5191154A (en) * | 1991-07-29 | 1993-03-02 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method and system for controlling chemical reaction in a molten bath |
| US5354940A (en) * | 1991-07-29 | 1994-10-11 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for controlling chemical reaction in a molten metal bath |
| US5202100A (en) * | 1991-11-07 | 1993-04-13 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for reducing volume of a radioactive composition |
| US5324341A (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1994-06-28 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for chemically reducing metals in waste compositions |
| JP3291534B2 (ja) * | 1992-05-09 | 2002-06-10 | ケイコン株式会社 | 溶融スラグを粉砕した骨材を使用したコンクリート製品及びその製造方法 |
| US5304708A (en) * | 1992-07-14 | 1994-04-19 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Alloying metal hydroxide sludge waste into a glass material |
| US5273566A (en) * | 1993-01-26 | 1993-12-28 | International Environmelting Corporation | Process for producing an environmentally acceptable abrasive product from hazardous wastes |
| US5436210A (en) * | 1993-02-04 | 1995-07-25 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for injection of a liquid waste into a molten bath |
| US5435982A (en) * | 1993-03-31 | 1995-07-25 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for dissociating waste in a packed bed reactor |
| US5301620A (en) * | 1993-04-01 | 1994-04-12 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Reactor and method for disassociating waste |
| US5491279A (en) * | 1993-04-02 | 1996-02-13 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for top-charging solid waste into a molten metal bath |
| US5395405A (en) * | 1993-04-12 | 1995-03-07 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Method for producing hydrocarbon gas from waste |
| US5424042A (en) * | 1993-09-13 | 1995-06-13 | Mason; J. Bradley | Apparatus and method for processing wastes |
| US5443572A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1995-08-22 | Molten Metal Technology, Inc. | Apparatus and method for submerged injection of a feed composition into a molten metal bath |
| US5662579A (en) * | 1995-03-21 | 1997-09-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Vitrification of organics-containing wastes |
| US5611766A (en) * | 1996-02-06 | 1997-03-18 | Envitco, Inc. | Transportable, modular vitrification system for the treatment of waste material |
| US5714002A (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1998-02-03 | Mineral Resource Technologies, Llc | Process for making a blended hydraulic cement |
| US5714003A (en) * | 1997-02-12 | 1998-02-03 | Mineral Resource Technologies, Llc | Blended hydraulic cement |
-
1996
- 1996-12-24 US US08/773,677 patent/US5855666A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-04-14 TW TW86104762A patent/TW472031B/zh active
- 1997-12-23 AU AU58087/98A patent/AU728391B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-12-23 EP EP97954265A patent/EP0948467A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-12-23 JP JP52908998A patent/JP2001506964A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-12-23 KR KR10-1999-7005703A patent/KR100472634B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-23 BR BR9713628A patent/BR9713628A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-12-23 CA CA 2276022 patent/CA2276022C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-12-23 WO PCT/US1997/024005 patent/WO1998028238A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU728391B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 |
| JP2001506964A (ja) | 2001-05-29 |
| EP0948467A4 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| AU5808798A (en) | 1998-07-17 |
| KR20000062298A (ko) | 2000-10-25 |
| CA2276022C (en) | 2007-11-13 |
| CA2276022A1 (en) | 1998-07-02 |
| EP0948467A1 (en) | 1999-10-13 |
| US5855666A (en) | 1999-01-05 |
| WO1998028238A1 (en) | 1998-07-02 |
| KR100472634B1 (ko) | 2005-03-07 |
| TW472031B (en) | 2002-01-11 |
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