AU2011241442A1 - Animal feed additive having an antimicrobial and growth-promoting effect - Google Patents
Animal feed additive having an antimicrobial and growth-promoting effect Download PDFInfo
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- AU2011241442A1 AU2011241442A1 AU2011241442A AU2011241442A AU2011241442A1 AU 2011241442 A1 AU2011241442 A1 AU 2011241442A1 AU 2011241442 A AU2011241442 A AU 2011241442A AU 2011241442 A AU2011241442 A AU 2011241442A AU 2011241442 A1 AU2011241442 A1 AU 2011241442A1
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- Prior art keywords
- magnolia
- animal feed
- feed additive
- additive according
- extract
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- 235000019730 animal feed additive Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 241000218378 Magnolia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 240000007849 Macleaya cordata Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 12
- VVOAZFWZEDHOOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnolol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(CC=C)C=C1C1=CC(CC=C)=CC=C1O VVOAZFWZEDHOOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000557116 Macleaya <angiosperm> Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000003293 Magnolia grandiflora Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008512 Magnolia grandiflora Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- INVGWHRKADIJHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sanguinarin Chemical compound C1=C2OCOC2=CC2=C3[N+](C)=CC4=C(OCO5)C5=CC=C4C3=CC=C21 INVGWHRKADIJHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- BYTORXDZJWWIKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hinokiol Natural products CC(C)c1cc2CCC3C(C)(CO)C(O)CCC3(C)c2cc1O BYTORXDZJWWIKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001673966 Magnolia officinalis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- FVYXIJYOAGAUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N honokiol Chemical compound C1=C(CC=C)C(O)=CC=C1C1=CC(CC=C)=CC=C1O FVYXIJYOAGAUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- FCEXWTOTHXCQCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethoxydihydrosanguinarine Natural products C12=CC=C3OCOC3=C2C(OCC)N(C)C(C2=C3)=C1C=CC2=CC1=C3OCO1 FCEXWTOTHXCQCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000001848 dysentery Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- YZRQUTZNTDAYPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sanguinarine pseudobase Natural products C1=C2OCOC2=CC2=C3N(C)C(O)C4=C(OCO5)C5=CC=C4C3=CC=C21 YZRQUTZNTDAYPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000007358 Magnolia biondii Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000005819 Magnolia denudata Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000016094 Magnolia denudata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000004580 Magnolia hypoleuca Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000005378 Magnolia kobus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014196 Magnolia kobus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000007370 Magnolia sprengeri Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000169285 Magnolia tripetala Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000037931 necrotizing enteritis Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- RATMHCJTVBHJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrochelerythrine Natural products C1=C2OCOC2=CC2=C(N(C)C(O)C=3C4=CC=C(C=3OC)OC)C4=CC=C21 RATMHCJTVBHJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- UUOCDFGUEXAVIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sanguinarin Natural products CNc1c(ccc2cc3OCOc3cc12)c4ccc5OCOc5c4C=O UUOCDFGUEXAVIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 241001083847 Berberis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000008753 Papaver somniferum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000001385 Sanguinaria canadensis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 17
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 9
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229930013397 isoquinoline alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical class C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- NBOODGNJLRRJNA-IAGPQMRQSA-N 2-[(4r,5s,6s,7r,9r,11e,13e,15r,16r)-6-[(2r,3r,4r,5s,6r)-5-[(2s,4r,5s,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-16-ethyl-4-hydroxy-15-[[(2r,3r,4r,5r,6r)-5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.O([C@@H]1[C@@H](C)O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1N(C)C)O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)CC(=O)O[C@@H]([C@H](/C=C(\C)/C=C/C(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@H]1CC=O)CO[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O1)OC)CC)[C@H]1C[C@@](C)(O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 NBOODGNJLRRJNA-IAGPQMRQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004184 Avoparcin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010001478 Bacitracin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000589893 Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193468 Clostridium perfringens Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000003322 Coinfection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000012404 In vitro experiment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001148567 Lawsonia intracellularis Species 0.000 description 1
- GAOZTHIDHYLHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Monensin A Natural products O1C(CC)(C2C(CC(O2)C2C(CC(C)C(O)(CO)O2)C)C)CCC1C(O1)(C)CCC21CC(O)C(C)C(C(C)C(OC)C(C)C(O)=O)O2 GAOZTHIDHYLHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVTQIFVKRXBCHS-SMMNFGSLSA-N N-[(3S,6S,12R,15S,16R,19S,22S)-3-benzyl-12-ethyl-4,16-dimethyl-2,5,11,14,18,21,24-heptaoxo-19-phenyl-17-oxa-1,4,10,13,20-pentazatricyclo[20.4.0.06,10]hexacosan-15-yl]-3-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxamide (10R,11R,12E,17E,19E,21S)-21-hydroxy-11,19-dimethyl-10-propan-2-yl-9,26-dioxa-3,15,28-triazatricyclo[23.2.1.03,7]octacosa-1(27),6,12,17,19,25(28)-hexaene-2,8,14,23-tetrone Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H]1OC(=O)C2=CCCN2C(=O)c2coc(CC(=O)C[C@H](O)\C=C(/C)\C=C\CNC(=O)\C=C\[C@H]1C)n2.CC[C@H]1NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)c2ncccc2O)[C@@H](C)OC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H]2CC(=O)CCN2C(=O)[C@H](Cc2ccccc2)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H]2CCCN2C1=O)c1ccccc1 MVTQIFVKRXBCHS-SMMNFGSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TURHTASYUMWZCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Olaquindox [BAN:INN] Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N([O-])C(C)=C(C(=O)NCCO)[N+](=O)C2=C1 TURHTASYUMWZCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004188 Virginiamycin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010080702 Virginiamycin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019728 animal nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002948 appetite stimulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940029995 appetite stimulants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019377 avoparcin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JWFVWARSGMYXRN-HTQQBIQNSA-N avoparcin Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C(N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@H](C4=CC(O)=CC(O)=C4C=4C(O)=CC=C3C=4)C(O)=O)=O)CC3=C(O[C@@H]4O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H](N)C4)C=C(C(=C3)Cl)OC=3C=C2C=C(C=3O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H](N)C2)OC2=CC=C1C=C2)C=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC)C=1C=CC(O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O2)O)=CC=1)[C@@H]1O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O JWFVWARSGMYXRN-HTQQBIQNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950001335 avoparcin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108010053278 avoparcin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- PERZMHJGZKHNGU-JGYWJTCASA-N bambermycin Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](NC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H](O1)CO[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)O)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O)[C@H]1NC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O1)C(=O)NC=1C(CCC=1O)=O)O)C)[C@H]1[C@@H](OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H](OC\C=C(/C)CC\C=C\C(C)(C)CCC(=C)C\C=C(/C)CCC=C(C)C)C(O)=O)O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@](C)(O)[C@@H]1OC(N)=O PERZMHJGZKHNGU-JGYWJTCASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000021735 chronic enteritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020997 lean meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950010210 olaquindox Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007943 positive regulation of appetite Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940084560 sanguinarine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 208000037921 secondary disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940031989 tylosin phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960003842 virginiamycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019373 virginiamycin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- UCRLQOPRDMGYOA-DFTDUNEMSA-L zinc;(4r)-4-[[(2s)-2-[[(4r)-2-[(1s,2s)-1-amino-2-methylbutyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,3-thiazole-4-carbonyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-[[(2s,3s)-1-[[(3s,6r,9s,12r,15s,18r,21s)-3-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-18-(3-aminopropyl)-12-benzyl-15-[(2s)-butan-2-yl]-6-(carbox Chemical compound [Zn+2].C1SC([C@@H](N)[C@@H](C)CC)=N[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC([O-])=O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](CCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@H](CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=2NC=NC=2)C(=O)N[C@H](CC([O-])=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)NCCCC1 UCRLQOPRDMGYOA-DFTDUNEMSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/12—Antidiarrhoeals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/14—Prodigestives, e.g. acids, enzymes, appetite stimulants, antidyspeptics, tonics, antiflatulents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an animal feed additive having an antimicrobial, growth-promoting, and appetite-stimulating effect, characterized in that the animal feed additive contains a plant extract or plant material, which contains one or more alkaloids, in combination with an extract or material from plants of the Magnolia genus.
Description
WO 2011/127496 Al ANIMAL FEED ADDITIVE HAVING AN ANTIMICROBIAL AND GROWTH-PROMOTING EFFECT The invention relates to an animal feed additive having an antimicrobial, growth-promoting and appetite stimulating effect, use thereof, and a method for promoting growth and stimulating appetite in livestock. "Growth-promoting agents" have been used worldwide in livestock feed over a long period of time. The main group of growth-promoting agents were antibiotic and chemical growth-promoting agents, such as zinc bacitracin, flavophospholipol, virginiamycin, tylosin phosphate, avoparcin, olaquindox and monesin sodium, which were also permitted in Austria as growth promoting feed additives. "Probiotics" or microbiological growth-promoting agents have also been used for a number of years now. The purpose of all growth-promoting agents is to increase the intensity of growth of livestock. Antibiotic and chemical growth-promoting agents have fallen into disrepute in recent years, however, particularly among consumers, and were banned as feed additives in 2006 throughout the European Union. Internationally, the use of antibiotic and chemical growth-promoting agents has become restricted or is now banned. Microbiological growth-promoting agents (probiotics) have been developed with the objective of ensuring economical animal production and, at the same time, of corresponding to the consumer demand for natural animal nutrition. However, probiotics do not entirely meet the economical expectations of modern farming, which is impelled to provide an efficient production process.
- 2 Plant substances having antimicrobial properties have also become established in many countries in animal production. Not least, because in numerous countries the use of chemical and antibiotic growth-promoting agents has been banned. Due to the plant origin, costly extraction methods and volatility of some of these products, many of these substances are not viable for use in farming from the point of view of an economical production process. Patent numbers AT 403873B, EP 0581926B1, EP 1317187B1 and EP 1317188B1 describe such plant growth-promoting agents based on isoquinoline alkaloids. These products have become widespread in recent years throughout the world. Due to the development in agricultural production and a continuous increase in feed prices however, it is necessary to provide these products so that they are more economical for the market and are more efficient in terms of the effect they produce. The invention will provide a solution to this. In accordance with the invention, an animal feed additive having an antimicrobial, growth-promoting and appetite-stimulating effect is proposed and is characterised in that it contains an alkaloid containing plant extract or plant material in combination with an extract or material from plants of the Magnolia genus. The expression "plant material" includes both the whole dried plant and parts thereof, such as leaves, flowers, fruits, roots, rhizomes or the bark. These substances are used predominantly in pulverulent or granulated form. It is also freely possible to extract the plant material so as to then use the liquid extract itself or the vaporised extract.
- 3 The active ingredient components used in accordance with the invention cause a synergy effect in terms of the antimicrobial action with simultaneous growth promotion and/or appetite stimulation of the control animals examined. This synergy effect is to be attributed to the interaction of the alkaloids, in particular isoquinoline alkaloids, with the active ingredients from the Magnolia, such as Magnolol and Honokiol. Further advantageous embodiments of the animal feed additive according to the invention are disclosed in accordance with dependent Claims 2 to 11. The invention further relates to an animal feed that is characterised in that the animal feed additive according to the invention is present in an amount from 0.001 g/t to 10 kg/t of feed. The invention further relates to a method for promoting growth and/or stimulating appetite in livestock, said method being characterised in that the livestock are fed the animal feed according to the invention, which contains the animal feed additive according to the invention in an amount from 0.0001 mg to 350 mg per kg of live weight per day. The invention further relates to the use of the animal feed additive according to the invention for the treatment or preventative treatment of animals against pathogenic microbes. The invention will now be explained in greater detail on the basis of experiments and comparative series of tests.
-4 In an in vitro experiment, it was possible to demonstrate by means of the plate inhibitor test that a combination of a plant extract from Macleaya cordata and a plant extract from Magnolia spp., such as Magnolia acuminata, Magnolia biondii, Magnolia denudata, Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia kobus, Magnolia obovata, Magnolia officinalis, Magnolia sprengeri, Magnolia tripetala, Magnolia virginiana or Magnolia glauca, in a ratio of 1:1 led to a considerable improvement of the inhibitory effect with respect to Staphylococcus aureus than is the case with the same amount by weight of an extract from Macleaya cordata or an extract from Magnolia spp. To carry out these series of tests, the active ingredients of Macleaya cordata are preferably obtained by extraction from the fruits thereof. The fruits are dried at 50 0C to a dry substance content of at least 91 % and are then ground. The powder thus obtained is extracted in a percolator at a temperature of 100 *C with 0.1 molar hydrochloric acid solution as extraction agent. The extract is then vaporised, taken up in ethanol and set to the desired active ingredient content. The active ingredients from Magnolia officinalis are preferably obtained from the bark by means of supercritical C02 extraction. The raw material is washed and dried at 50 0C to a dry substance content of at least 91 % and then size-reduced. In the extractor, the raw material thus prepared is extracted with supercritical C02 as extraction agent at a flow rate of 1,200 to 1,400 litres per hour for a period of 3.5 hours at a pressure of 25 to 30 MPa and a temperature from 35 to 40 *C. The C02 extract is then taken up in ethanol and set to the desired active substance content.
- 5 An exemplary amount of 25 to 50 mg of obtained animal feed additive according to the invention now has a Sanguinarine content of 1.5 % and can be mixed into a conventional animal feed. It is also possible, however, to provide the animal feed additive according to the invention with an active ingredient content lower than 1.5 % if the active ingredients are obtained from non extracted plant material, for example dried leaves of Macleaya cordata. In such cases, the dosing must be much higher however. On the other hand, what are known as "pre-mixes" and "feed supplements" are also included under the term "feed". Pre-mixes and feed supplements are feed concentrates that are mixed with other feed components so as to produce a final, prepared feed. Pre-mixes and feed supplements therefore contain the animal feed additive according to the invention in a much higher concentration since they are intended to be diluted to a considerable extent. A dosing of 10 kg/t can thus be set. A low dosing of 1 mg/t is set for example if the animal feed additive according to the invention is an extract with a high active ingredient content. In the in vitro test below, feeds that contained the active ingredient combination of Macleaya cordata and Magnolia spp. in a ratio of 1:1 were tested. The specific measured values with regard to this in vitro test were as follows: Active Macleaya Magnolia Macleaya ingredient cordata spp. cordata + extracts Magnolia spp. 1:1 Breadth of 6 mm 5 mm 8-10 mm the zone of -6 inhibition Bacteria Staphylococcus aureus Within the scope of various feed experiments, a considerable improvement in the promotion of growth could be obtained with a combination of an extract of Macleaya cordata and an extract of Magnolia spp. compared to a conventional feed additive produced from Macleaya cordata alone or Magnolia spp. alone. Table 1 Control Macleaya Macleaya group cordata cordata + Magnolia spp. 1:1 Mix-in rate of the - 30 ppm 30 ppm animal feed additive Number of fattened 80 80 80 pigs Experimental period 30-100 kg 0 daily increase (g) 831 868 880 Weight range 30-100 kg 0 daily increase (g) 775 788 801 Weight range 30-53 kg 0 daily increase (g) 868 914 925 Weight range 53-100 kg 0 daily feed intake 2.30 2.33 2.33 (kg) Weight range 30-100 kg 0 daily feed intake 2.57 2.66 2.68 (kg) Weight range 30-100 kg -7 Feed efficiency 30- 2.76 2.69 2.65 100 kg Feed efficiency 30-53 2.28 2.22 2.20 kg Feed efficiency 53- 2.99 2.91 2.90 100 kg Lean meat proportion 59.5 59.9 60.0 It can be seen from the values listed in Table 1 that a lower daily increase in weight (lower by 12 g on average) was observed over the entire fattening period when a material obtained exclusively from Macleaya cordata or extracted from this plant was fed compared to an embodiment of the animal feed additive according to the invention produced from Macleaya cordata and Magnolia spp. in a ratio of 1:1. It is also clear from table 1 that feed intake is increased in all fattening ranges compared to the control group. High-performing fattened pigs with average daily increases of more than 830 g (even in the control group with no growth-promoting feed additive!) are peak performers with extreme feed intake. In these performance ranges, any further increase is to be considered a success. Table 2 Control Magnolia Macleaya group spp. cordata + Magnolia spp. 1:1 Mix-in rate of the - 50 ppm 50 ppm animal feed additive Number of fattened 48 47 50 pigs Experimental period 30-100 kg 0 daily increase (g) 798 819 846 Weight range 30-100 kg 0 daily feed intake 2.24 2.28 2.32 (kg) Weight range 30-100 kg Feed efficiency 30-100 2.81 2.78 2.74 kg With exclusive feeding of extracts and materials produced from Magnolia spp., a lower daily increase in weight (lower by 27 g) was achieved compared to that observed with the animal feed additive according to the invention. In this experiment with the animal feed additive according to the invention, a daily feed intake that was 80 g higher compared to the control group was recorded. Similar values were achieved over the course of series of tests concerning examination of the increase in weight of piglets; see the values from Tables 3 and 4. Table 3 Control Macleaya Macleaya group cordata cordata + Magnolia spp. 1:1 Mix-in rate of the - 25 ppm 25 ppm animal feed additive Number of piglets 49 49 49 Experimental period 40-60 days (age) Rearing phase 12-32 days after weaning 0 body weight at the 13.5 13.2 13.2 start of the experiment (kg) -9 0 body weight at the 25.6 25.7 26.0 end of the experiment (kg) 0 daily increase (g) 607 624 640 0 daily feed intake (g) 895 902 907 Feed efficiency (kg 1.47 1.45 1.42 feed intake/kg increase) Table 4 Control Magnolia Macleaya group spp. cordata + Magnolia spp. 1:1 Mix-in rate of the - 25 ppm 25 ppm animal feed additive Number of piglets 49 49 49 Experimental period 40-60 days (age) Rearing phase 12-32 days after weaning 0 body weight at the 13.1 13.3 13.2 start of the experiment (kg) 0 body weight at the 25.4 26.1 26.2 end of the experiment (kg) 0 daily increase (g) 615 640 650 0 daily feed intake (g) 916 928 922 Feed efficiency (kg 1.49 1.45 1.42 feed intake/kg increase) In all experiments conducted, the feed intake was thus increased compared to the control group. A comparison with those experiment groups supplied with other feed additives likewise known as appetite stimulants was - 10 also predominantly positive. In this regard it can be noted that it is quite normal, within the range of feeding experiments, that not all effects of an additive can be measured to the same extent in all experiments carried out, and that clear biological fluctuations may be observed. Where the animal feed additive according to the invention was fed, not only could an improvement in weight increase above the values of conventionally known growth-promoting agents be observed, but also an improvement in the state of health, which is reflected in a lower loss rate due to disease. Necrotising enteritis, triggered by Clostridium perfringens, poses a big economical problem in birds specifically, particularly in laying hens. The symptoms are chronic enteritis, reduced feed intake, increased water intake, sloppy droppings, changes to plumage, feather pecking and feather eating, weight loss, reduced laying performance with an increased variance in egg weight, reduced working life, susceptibility to infection and increased mortality due to exhaustion or secondary infections, such as E. coli infections. The disease has proven to be protracted and resistant to treatment. The administration of antibiotics is problematic, since the symptoms of the disease recur once treatment is stopped and treatment with antibiotics causes high economical damage due to the withdrawal periods. Eggs cannot be used during treatment and during the withdrawal period, and broilers (fattened chickens) cannot be treated due to the short fattening period thereof. Other possible treatment options, such as changing the feed composition, adapting the raw fibre content or raw protein content in the feed, administering essential - 11 amino acids or fatty acids, adapting the vitamin content or mineral content in the feed, adding organic acids, etc. have proven to be inefficient. In egg-producing farms in which the above-described symptoms have already been observed in various flocks for more than two years, a newly diseased flock was administered the substance according to the invention in a dosing of 100 ppm (100 g per tonne of feed) approximately five weeks after appearance of the first symptoms. A lasting improvement was obtained, the flock was completely free from symptoms and economical egg laying could thus be continued. The following experiments listed in Table 5 show these results. The feed additive according to the invention was also tested compared to known antibiotic growth promoting agents. Table 5 Antibiotic Macleaya Macleaya growth- cordata cordata + promoting Magnolia agent spp. 1:1 Mix-in rate of 15 ppm 50 ppm 30 ppm the animal feed additive Number of 89,500 89,500 90,100 broilers Experimental 36 36 36 period (days) 0 daily increase 43.2 43.6 43.5 (g) Feed efficiency 1.81 1.78 1.78 Losses (% of 7.4 4.2 3.9 broilers) - 12 Table 6 Antibiotic Magnolia Macleaya growth- spp. cordata + promoting Magnolia agent spp. 1:1 Mix-in rate of 15 ppm 50 ppm 30 ppm the animal feed additive Number of 43,200 41,500 42,000 broilers Experimental 35 35 35 period (days) 0 daily increase 44.1 43.8 44.3 (g) Feed efficiency 1.79 1.83 1.81 Losses (% of 5.8 4.9 3.8 broilers) It can thus be seen from the values shown in the tables that losses of 7.4 % were still observed with antibiotic growth-promoting agents known per se. Although an additional reduction in losses is obtained when feeding Macleaya cordata, a further reduction in losses, as shown in Tables 5 and 6, could undoubtedly be attributed to the combined effect of Macleaya cordata and Magnolia spp. Similar results were also observed in egg-laying livestock in terms of the number of eggs laid, classification quality of the eggs, feed efficiency and animal losses. The same effect was also noted in fish in terms of growth intensity, feed intake and loss. Similar positive results were observed in weaned piglets and fattened pigs.
- 13 The diarrhoeal diseases of dysentery, triggered by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, as well as PIA (porcine intestinal adenomatose), triggered by Lawsonia intracellularis, often occur frequently in weaned piglets and fattened pigs. These diseases are characterised by diarrhoea with grey and watery droppings. The economical damage of these diseases lies in the additional expenditure for treatment, reduced feed intake, poor growth, susceptibility to secondary diseases and increased mortality. Antibiotic medication in the feed for a period of three to four weeks with a hygiene programme running in parallel is a suitable treatment method. Regular antibiotic treatment of this type is viewed with scepticism from a veterinary and epidemiological point of view due to the known problems concerning resistance. This means a considerable cost outlay for farms. In many farms encountering problems with frequent occurrence of dysentery and PIA, a lasting improvement in the symptoms of the disease and a significant reduction in losses (mortality) could be achieved with the animal feed additive according to the invention in a dosing of 60 ppm (60 g per tonne of prepared feed). It could therefore be proven that a new antimicrobially effective substance combination with particularly favourable properties in the field of animal production has been developed using a combination of plant material or extracts of the two plant species Macleaya and Magnolia.
Claims (16)
1. An animal feed additive having an antimicrobial, growth-promoting and appetite-stimulating effect, characterised in that it contains an alkaloid containing plant extract or plant material in combination with an extract or material from plants of the Magnolia genus.
2. The animal feed additive according to Claim 1, characterised in that the extract or material from plants of the Magnolia genus contains Magnolol and/or Honokiol.
3. The animal feed additive according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the alkaloid-containing plant extract or plant material is obtained from plants of the Macleaya and/or Sanguinaria Canadensis genus.
4. The animal feed additive according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the alkaloid containing plant extract or plant material is obtained from poppy seeds.
5. The animal feed additive according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the alkaloid containing plant extract or plant material is obtained from barberries.
6. The animal feed additive according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the alkaloid containing plant extract or plant material contains Sanguinarin and/or Chelerythrin.
7. The animal feed additive according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the extract -2 or material is obtained from plants of the Magnolia genus, namely from Magnolia officinalis.
8. The animal feed additive according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the extract or plant material is obtained from plants of the Magnolia genus, namely from Magnolia spp., such as Magnolia acuminata, Magnolia biondii, Magnolia denudata, Magnolia grandiflora, Magnolia kobus, Magnolia obovata, Magnolia officinalis, Magnolia sprengeri, Magnolia tripetala, Magnolia virginiana or Magnolia glauca.
9. The animal feed additive according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it contains extracts or materials of Macleaya cordata and of Magnolia spp. in equal proportions.
10. The animal feed additive according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that it contains extracts or materials of Macleaya cordata and Magnolia spp. in proportions of 1:100 to 100:1.
11. The animal feed additive according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that it contains extracts or plant material with a content of Sanguinarin and/or Chelerythrin in proportions of 1:100 to 100:1 as well as an extract or plant material with a content of Magnolol or Honokiol or a mixture of Magnolol and Honokiol in a ratio from 20:1 to 1:20.
12. An animal feed comprising an animal feed additive according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the animal feed additive is present in an amount from 0.001 g/t to 10 kg/t of feed. -3
13. A method for promoting growth and/or stimulating appetite in livestock, characterised in that the livestock are fed an animal feed according to Claim 12, which contains an animal feed additive according to one of claims 1 to 11 in an amount from 0.0001 mg to 350 mg per kg of live weight per day.
14. Use of the animal feed additive according to one of claims 1 to 11 for the treatment or preventative treatment of animals against pathogenic microbes.
15. Use of the animal feed additive according to one of claims 1 to 11 for the treatment of diarrhoeal diseases, in particular such as dysentery and porcine intestinal adenomatose (PIA).
16. Use of the animal feed additive according to one of claims 1 to 11 for the treatment of necrotising enteritis.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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| ATA610/2010 | 2010-04-15 | ||
| ATA610/2010A AT509728B1 (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2010-04-15 | USE OF AN ALKALOID PLANT EXTRACT USING PLANT MATERIALS AS ANIMAL FEED ADDITIVE |
| PCT/AT2011/000148 WO2011127496A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 | 2011-03-24 | Animal feed additive having an antimicrobial and growth-promoting effect |
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| AU2011241442A1 true AU2011241442A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
| AU2011241442B2 AU2011241442B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 |
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| EP (1) | EP2557941B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101889859B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT509728B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2011241442B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112012026367B8 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK2557941T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2536249T3 (en) |
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| WO2021072473A1 (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-22 | IRP Health Pty Ltd | Antimicrobials as feed preservatives |
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| CN102940150B (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2013-11-20 | 山东新希望六和集团有限公司 | Chinese medicament for preventing and treating calf diarrhea and feed |
| KR101473925B1 (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2014-12-22 | (주)에이씨티 | Antiseptic compositions comprising Magnolia grandiflora extract and cosmetic compositions containing the same |
| AT515336A1 (en) * | 2014-02-03 | 2015-08-15 | Roth Hermann Dr | Avoidance of oxidative processes and oxidative stress |
| AT518206A2 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-15 | Neovia | Animal kinase supplement containing protein kinase C inhibitor |
| WO2017129731A1 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | Neovia | Animal feed additive containing protein kinase c inhibitor |
| WO2020077549A1 (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-04-23 | 张彩萍 | Feed improving appetite of poultry and preparation method therefor |
| CN110432391B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2022-05-24 | 湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Feed additive for regulating and controlling rumen metabolism of ruminant and preparation method thereof |
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| AT403873B (en) | 1992-02-21 | 1998-06-25 | Neufeld Klaus Dr | ANIMAL FEED FOR PERFORMANCE |
| CN1124583A (en) * | 1994-03-30 | 1996-06-19 | 詹桂边 | Quick growth hormone for poultry and domestic animals |
| AT500455B1 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2007-08-15 | Roth Hermann Dr | USE OF BENZOPHENANTHRIDINALKALOIDES AS FOOD ADDITIVES |
| EP1317187B1 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2005-12-07 | Hermann Roth | Feedstuff or a feedstuff additive used as a performance promoter or as an appetite promoter for domestic animals |
| CN101579043B (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2012-05-23 | 邹振可 | Chinese herbal medicine additive for promoting growth of piglets and application thereof |
| CN101543263B (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2012-07-04 | 邹振可 | Chinese medicinal herb additive for meat ducks and application |
| CN101543261B (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2012-10-10 | 重庆开洲牧业科技开发有限公司 | Chinese medicinal herb additive for meat chickens and application |
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2010
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- 2011-03-24 DK DK11714211T patent/DK2557941T3/en active
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| WO2021072473A1 (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-22 | IRP Health Pty Ltd | Antimicrobials as feed preservatives |
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| BR112012026367B8 (en) | 2022-07-19 |
| KR101889859B1 (en) | 2018-08-20 |
| ES2536249T3 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
| PH12012502023A1 (en) | 2013-01-21 |
| EP2557941B1 (en) | 2015-02-18 |
| BR112012026367B1 (en) | 2018-08-14 |
| DK2557941T3 (en) | 2015-04-27 |
| AT509728A1 (en) | 2011-11-15 |
| WO2011127496A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
| AT509728B1 (en) | 2012-05-15 |
| AU2011241442B2 (en) | 2014-04-24 |
| EP2557941A1 (en) | 2013-02-20 |
| PH12012502023B1 (en) | 2017-11-22 |
| BR112012026367A2 (en) | 2015-09-15 |
| KR20130052562A (en) | 2013-05-22 |
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