AT15848U1 - Presence detection with presence prediction - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for generating a switching signal with a sensor (5) for detecting a presence of at least one object in a detection area, wherein the sensor (5) in the presence / movement of an object sends a signal to a control device (6) outputting a switching signal to the switch (3), wherein the control means (6) is arranged to predict the presence of at least one object in an area encompassing the detection area based on the presence detection in the past, the control means (6) being adapted thereto is to output the switching signal based on the prediction of the presence.

Description

description

PRESENCE DETECTION WITH PRESENCE PREDICTION The present invention relates to a device for generating a switching signal according to the preamble of the appended patent claim 1 and a corresponding method according to claim 10.

Presence detection sensors are often used in lighting technology to generate a switching signal and to switch the lighting automatically depending on the presence or absence of people. Such sensors mainly use passive infrared (PIR) - or radar technology - to detect people.

Both technologies have a limited detection range, which depends on the environment of the sensor. Objects in the detection area can hide the object to be detected, so that the light does not switch on or turns on too late. In addition to infrared or radar sensors, light barriers or induction loops for presence detection can also be used to control actuators such as electrically operated gates or doors.

Each switching operation when a presence is detected means a load on the system, in particular due to temperature changes, and can be a disturbance to the environment. Some gas discharge lamps have to cool down before they can be switched on again. In order to avoid frequent switching on and off of the lighting for a heavily frequented area, a delayed switch-off process, which is interrupted or restarted after another presence detection, or slow dimming down can take place. However, this leads to unnecessary operation if no person is in the area or is entered.

The invention has for its object to provide apparatus and methods that reduce the problems described. In particular, the object is to provide a device, a lamp and a method for generating a switching signal, which allow an accurate and early determination of presence or absence.

[0006] This object is achieved according to the features of the independent claims. The invention is developed by the features of the dependent claims.

According to the present invention, the device for generating a switching signal has means for detecting the presence of at least one object in a detection area, a control device for predicting the presence of at least one object in an area comprising the detection area on the basis of the previous detection (s) the presence and output means for outputting a switching signal indicating a presence based on the prediction of the presence. The output signal can be used to switch a lighting or a drive element / actuator on or off.

According to the present invention, the presence of an object in an area can be predicted before it is actually detected. In addition, the area can be larger than the detection area of the sensor. This enables the lighting of a room to be switched on before a person enters the room or before the person emerges from an object hiding the detection area. With the predicted presence, unnecessary switching operations and operation can be avoided, since it can also be determined whether the lighting should remain on, because the room will very likely be re-entered or switched off by a person in the near future (within a certain period of time) , because most likely there will be no one in the room for a long time.

[0009] The control device can have means for logging the times of the presence detections for at least a time range, the prediction means for this / 12

AT15 848U1 2018-07-15 Austrian patent office can be designed a time for the start of the presence of an object in the

Predict range based on the logged detections and wherein the output means may be configured to output the signal before or at the predicted time.

[0010] In addition, the control device can be designed to classify each logged detection in terms of time and to determine a temporal pattern of the presence for at least one class for the prediction of the point in time. By classifying or restricting the viewing to certain times of the day and / or days, recurring patterns of presence can be better recognized and the accuracy of the prediction can be increased. With the time classification, the logged times can be assigned to a day segment (morning, afternoon or evening), one of the seven days of the week, one of the four seasons, a work or holiday, a vacation and / or vacation time. Recurring attendance or absence patterns can then be determined for the different classes, such as working days and public holidays, and a prediction for the respective class (working days or public holidays) can be made.

Alternatively or additionally, the device can have a clock or a clock generator for generating a time or clock signal for logging the times of the detections of the presence or absence and means for adjusting the time signal on the basis of the determined temporal pattern. A gradual / continuous shift in time of a recurring pattern can be due to an inaccuracy (before / after) of the internal clock or the internal clock of the device. By determining the shift (amount and direction), the clock or the clock generator can be readjusted or the time signal specified by the clock or the clock signal emitted by the clock generator can be continuously corrected. A recurring pattern can be a detected presence repeating almost every day at the same time.

The output means can be designed to output the signal over a certain period of time.

In addition, the controller may be configured to predict the duration of the presence of at least one object in the predicted presence area based on the logged detections, and the output means may be configured to determine the time period based on the duration of the predicted presence to determine.

As an alternative or in addition, the signal can also be output in the case of an actually / currently detected presence that was not predicted.

According to the present invention, a lamp has at least one lamp, one of the above-described devices for presence detection and a switch controllable by the output switching signal, which is designed to switch the lamp on or off.

According to the present invention, a method for generating a switching signal has the following steps: detecting the presence of at least one object, in particular a person in a detection area with a sensor, predicting the presence of at least one object in the area on the basis of the presence detection and outputting a switching signal based on the prediction of the presence, even without the presence of an object being detected in the area.

The times of the presence detections can be logged for at least one time range, wherein a time for the start of the presence of an object in the area can be predicted on the basis of the logged detections and the signal can be output before or at the predicted time.

Each logged detection can be classified in terms of time and a temporal pattern of presence can be determined for at least one class for the prediction of the point in time.

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AT15 848U1 2018-07-15, Austrian patent office. In addition, each logged time can be assigned to a day segment, a day of the week, a season and / or classified as a work, holiday, vacation and / or vacation day.

The method can additionally include the steps: generating a time signal for logging the times of the presence detections and adjusting the time signal based on the determined time pattern.

Alternatively or additionally, the duration of the presence of at least one object in the area for a predicted presence can be predicted on the basis of the logged detections, wherein in the output step the signal is output over a period of time determined on the basis of the duration of the predicted presence becomes.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1 schematically shows the structure of a lamp with a device for presence detection and generation of a switching signal according to an embodiment according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows a device for presence detection and generation of a switching signal according to an embodiment according to the present invention;

3 shows four diagrams, each with attendances recorded during a day.

Components with the same functions are identified in the figures with the same reference symbols.

Fig. 1 shows a simplified circuit of a lamp 1 according to an embodiment according to the present invention, which comprises a device 2 for presence detection and generation of a switching signal, a switch 3 coupled to the device and a lamp 4 connected to the switch.

The illuminant 4 can comprise a light-emitting diode (LED) or a plurality of LEDs with an LED operating device. The LEDs can be inorganic or organic LEDs. The multiple LEDs can be connected in series or in parallel. The plurality of LEDs can also be connected in more complex arrangements, for example in several series connections connected in parallel with one another. The LED control gear can be a constant current converter, e.g. be an LED converter that generates a current necessary for the operation of the LEDs from the mains voltage.

The device for presence detection 2 has a presence sensor 5, a control device 6, a clock 7 and a storage device 8. The presence sensor 5 can be a PIR motion detector with a delimitable detection area. When an object is present / moving, it sends a signal to the control device 6, which emits a switch-on signal to the switch 3, so that the lamp 4 is switched on by the switch 3.

The storage device 8 stores for e.g. the presence detections in three data records for three consecutive days, with each data record showing for each minute of the respective day (24h x 60min = 1440min) whether a presence was detected. The data record can be a sequence of 1440 binary numbers or a coded sequence of 1440 binary numbers, the first position of which corresponds to the sequence of the first minute and the last position of which corresponds to the last minute of the respective day and in which the value “0 or“ 1 of Sequence indicates whether a presence was detected at the respective time (minute) (= "1) or not (=" 0). On the fourth day, the oldest data record is successively overwritten with new data, starting with the first position in the sequence, so that from the fourth day there are always presence data from the last three days. Of course, the events can also be recorded and saved for longer (or shorter) periods.

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AT15 848U1 2018-07-15 Austrian Patent Office [0031] The control device 6, clocked by the clock 7, can determine every minute whether one

Presence was detected by the presence sensor 5 and set the corresponding value “0 or“ 1 in the sequence associated with the current day. The clock 7 can be a radio clock which receives a time signal with the date transmitted by radio from a time signal transmitter.

During initial operation, all values of the data records are or are set to "0". In continuous operation, the control device 6 stores or updates the results of the presence determination as described above and determines whether for the current minute of the day at least on two of the three previous days for the same minute (same position in the sequence) in the memory device Presence detection is displayed for 8 stored data records. If this is the case, the control device 6 outputs the switch-on signal to the switch 3 and the illuminant 4 is switched on by the switch 3. Otherwise, the switch-on signal is not output by the control device 6. If the device is switched on without a presence being detected by the presence sensor 5 within the minute, the corresponding value is set to “0 or left at“ 0.

In the example described above, it is determined for the respective current time (minute) whether a presence was detected by the presence sensor 5 on at least two of the three previous days at this time. As already stated above, longer periods in particular can also be viewed and statistically evaluated. Alternatively, the control device 6, for example triggered by a switch or controller attached to the lamp 1, can determine for the respective current time whether the presence sensor 5 is present at a later time (for example one minute later) on two of the three previous days was detected. In this way, the lamp 1 can be switched on before a person enters the detected area at the predicted time. The number of minutes 0, ... n that lamp 1 is to be switched on earlier and / or the switch-on time could be set using a switch attached to lamp 1 and / or by means of a control signal received by lamp 1.

The control device 6 can be designed to determine the on-time as a function of the temporally successive presence detections displayed in the data records, wherein, for example, an on-time is extended from one minute to two minutes if for the next minute at least one of the three presence days was detected by the presence sensor 5. The control device 6 can additionally be designed to dim the light of the luminaire 1 in the second minute of the extended period or to lower the light level to a lower light level.

The number of data records and / or the number of matches required for switching on the lamp 1 can be greater than three or two. It is also possible to weight the detection results stored in the data records according to their age, the most recent detection result (detection result from the previous day), for example, being rated “1” and older ones being rated between zero and one. The sum of the differently weighted values can then be compared for the prediction with a threshold value, the control device 6 emitting the switch-on signal to the switch 3 when the threshold value is exceeded. Alternatively or additionally, the detection results of the past days, which are before and / or after the point in time or the time for which a presence prediction is to be made, can also be taken into account for a presence prediction.

The size of the stored data records can be larger or smaller than one day. If different patterns of attendance are to be expected between the days of a week, the scope can be expanded from one to seven days, so that each data record comprises the minutes of a week and values with the same weekday and the same time of day (minute) are compared with one another for the prediction or be added up. Alternatively, the days of the week in groups (Group 1: Monday to Friday; Group 2: Saturday to Sun

AT15 848U1 2018-07-15 Austrian patent office day) can be summarized, whereby data sets with a size of one day are sufficient for the groups. The time range (day or week) for the logging could be set using a switch attached to the lamp 1 and / or by means of a control signal received by the lamp 1. The current day of the week required for storage / logging and prediction can be determined or displayed by the clock 7.

The stored data sets or their weightings indicated a probability of the presence of one or more persons for the respective time period, the light 1 being switched on by the control device 6 from a certain probability. The control device 6 can additionally be designed to adapt the light level of the luminaire 1 that is switched on in the event of a predicted presence to the degree of the probability of the presence by setting a high light level with a high probability and a low probability with a low light level.

Fig. 2 shows a device 2 according to a second embodiment according to the present invention. In the device 2 shown in FIG. 2, the switch 3, to which an actuator or illuminant to be switched by the device 2 is coupled to a supply voltage, is integrated in the device 2 and the control device 6 is designed to set the clock 7 that is not a radio clock or cannot receive the time signal.

In order to adjust the clock, the control device 6 determines a time shift of, for example, a daily presence pattern or a single daily presence between two or more days, the shift or the error increasing continuously. The clock 7 is adjusted / synchronized by the control device 6 in accordance with the determined amount of the time shift between the two or more days and the determined direction (before or after) of the time shift.

[0040] Alternatively, the time signal indicated by the clock 7 can be corrected.

[0041] In many movement or presence patterns, there are stochastic processes. The device 2 for generating the switching signal can be designed to learn these processes on the basis of the time-recorded or logged attendances with a stochastic model and to work thereafter.

For learning e.g. Neural networks such as self-organizing maps, Kohonen maps or Kohonen networks (English self-organizing map, SOM), learning vector quantization (LVQ) or simply heuristics are used.

To this end, the control device 6 can be designed to analyze the stored / logged attendances in order to extract special attendance patterns and / or characteristics therefrom. The patterns / characteristics are stored in the memory device 8 and are adapted by the control device 6 to attendances or absences newly detected by the presence sensor 5 in accordance with the above-mentioned methods. In this way, the switching characteristic / prediction of the device 2 can be continuously readjusted. The patterns and characteristics or data / data model for the presence prediction stored in the storage device 8 can be read out for external adaptation or for use in other devices. For this purpose, the device 1 can have digital interfaces, such as Bluetooth and / or DALI, by means of which the stored data / data model can be read out and / or written into the memory device 8.

Fig. 3 shows four diagrams A, B, C, D each with presence detected on one day by the device 2, a vertical line 9..18 a presence detected by the presence sensor 5 of one or more people to that in Chart specified time in a hallway, for example corresponds to a company. Diagram A shows the recorded

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Attendances on one of the weekdays Monday to Friday, diagram B the recorded

Attendances on a Saturday, diagram C shows the attendances recorded on a

Sunday and diagram D the attendances recorded on a vacation day.

In diagram A, the dashes 9 are attendances recorded by people coming to the early shift of the company, the dashes 10 recorded attendances by people coming to the late shift and people leaving the late shift, and the dashes 11 recorded attendances by people leaving the late shift.

In diagram B, the lines 12 are the presence of persons coming to the early shift, the line 13 is the presence of a delayed person, the lines 14 are the presence of people leaving the early shift, and the line 15 is the presence of a night watchman. In diagram C, dashes 16 are attendances recorded by a person who has forgotten something and are about to leave and dashes 17 are attendances of the night watchman. In diagram D, the lines 18 are the presence of the night watchman.

The attendances of the night watchman (lines 15, 17, 18) recorded in the diagrams B, C and D represent a stable recurring pattern and can be extracted or learned by the control device 6 as recurring attendances on Saturdays, Sundays and holidays can be used to adjust or synchronize the clock 7. The control device 6 can switch on the presence of the night watchman for the three classes (Saturday, Sunday and holiday) and predict the lighting in the hallway in good time or in advance.

In contrast, the presence marked with the lines 13 and 16 in the diagram B and C are very likely not to return or at least not to return at the same times and are filtered out by the control device 6 or not recognized as a pattern. The lighting in the hallway is only switched on at this time if the presence sensor 5 actually detects a presence.

The attendances marked with dashes 9, 10 and 11 in diagram A and with dashes 12 and 14 in diagram B are very likely to return at least at similar times. The control device 6 learns the pattern for the weekdays Monday to Friday and the pattern for Saturdays with the attendances recorded over several days, it being possible to combine several attendances that are close to one another into a group during which the lighting is to remain switched on.

On the basis of the learned and continuously adapted patterns, the control device 6 predicts the first presence of a person and the last presence of a person, for example for the group of presence marked with the lines 9, and switches the lighting in the hallway according to the prediction promptly or prematurely on or late. If the individual attendances in the group are further apart in time than a threshold value, the control device 6 can initiate switching the lighting on and off for the individual predicted attendances, or switch the lighting on with a reduced light level. The temporal classification of the attendances can be predetermined or can be determined or learned by the control device 6.

One or more presence patterns, which suggest a certain dangerous situation, can be stored in the memory device 7 and can be continuously or at certain times compared or correlated by the control device 6 with patterns generated from the currently detected detections. With a certain degree of correspondence, an alarm signal can be emitted by the device 2. In this way, dangerous situations and / or special events can be easily identified.

As an alternative or in addition, the device 2 can be designed to emit a warning signal when there is a certain degree of discrepancy between the patterns generated from the currently detected detections and a stored presence pattern

AT15 848U1 2018-07-15 Austrian

Patent office ben. The stored presence pattern can be a typical pattern to be expected or a pattern predicted by the control device 6. It is also possible to classify the occurrences (detected presence patterns).

The device 2 can be designed to output the learned / predicted presence patterns or movement profiles via an interface and / or to receive them from another device. The device 2 for presence detection according to the present invention can be integrated into conventional motion detectors or light barrier controls and can be used to control doors, lamps or fans.

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Claims (12)

Expectations 1. Device for generating a switching signal with a Sensor (5) for detecting the presence of at least one object in a detection area, the sensor (5) sending a signal to a control device (6) when an object is present / moving, which emits a switching signal to the switch (3), thereby characterized in that the control device (6) is set up to predict the presence of at least one object in an area comprising the detection area on the basis of the detection of the presence in the past; the control device (6) being designed to output the switching signal on the basis of the prediction of the presence. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the control device (6) is set up for logging the times of the presence detections for at least one time range; wherein the prediction control means (6) is configured to predict a point in time for the beginning of the presence of an object in the area based on the logged detections; and the control device (6) is designed to output the signal before or at the predicted time. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the control device (6) is configured for logging to classify each logged detection in time; and the control device (6) for the prediction is designed to determine a temporal pattern of the presence for at least one class for the prediction of the point in time. 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the control device (6) is designed for logging to assign a time segment and / or a weekday and / or a season to each logged time and / or as a work, celebration, vacation and / or classify vacation day. 5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, comprising a clock (7) for generating a time signal for logging the times of the presence detections; and the control device (6) is set up to adjust the time signal on the basis of the determined time pattern. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control device (6) is designed for output to output the switching signal over a certain period of time. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the prediction control means (6) is configured to predict the duration of the presence of at least one object in the predicted presence area based on the logged detections; and the control means (6) is configured to output to determine the time period based on the duration of the predicted presence. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the control device (6) is designed to output to output the switching signal indicating the presence of an object when a presence is detected. 9. lamp with at least one lamp (4), a device (2) according to one of claims 1 to 8 and a switch (3) controllable by the output switching signal, which is designed to switch on the lamp (4). 8/12 AT15 848U1 2018-07-15 Austrian patent office 10. Method for generating a switching signal, with the steps: Detecting a presence of at least one object in a detection area with a sensor (5); Predicting the presence of at least one object in an area encompassing the detection area based on the presence detection; and outputting a switching signal based on the prediction of the presence. With 3 sheets of drawings 9.12 AT15 848U1 2018-07-15 Austrian patent office 10/12 AT15 848U1 2018-07-15 Austrian patent office 2.3 11/12 AT15 848U1 2018-07-15 Austrian patent office il3 ^h, T ^p 12/12