[go: up one dir, main page]

NO965394D0 - Nye substituerte purinylderivater med immunomodulerende aktivitet - Google Patents

Nye substituerte purinylderivater med immunomodulerende aktivitet

Info

Publication number
NO965394D0
NO965394D0 NO965394A NO965394A NO965394D0 NO 965394 D0 NO965394 D0 NO 965394D0 NO 965394 A NO965394 A NO 965394A NO 965394 A NO965394 A NO 965394A NO 965394 D0 NO965394 D0 NO 965394D0
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
novel substituted
immunomodulatory activity
substituted purinyl
purinyl derivatives
derivatives
Prior art date
Application number
NO965394A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
NO317552B1 (no
NO965394L (no
Inventor
Christopher Penney
Boulos Zacharie
Lyne Gagnon
Giorgio Attardo
Thimothy Connolly
Yves Denis
Salam Kadhim
Guy Ely
Original Assignee
Iaf Biochem Int
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Iaf Biochem Int filed Critical Iaf Biochem Int
Publication of NO965394D0 publication Critical patent/NO965394D0/no
Publication of NO965394L publication Critical patent/NO965394L/no
Publication of NO317552B1 publication Critical patent/NO317552B1/no

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7052Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. nucleosides, nucleotides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/519Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/52Purines, e.g. adenine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00Antineoplastic agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02Immunomodulators
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P37/00Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
    • A61P37/02Immunomodulators
    • A61P37/04Immunostimulants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D473/00Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D473/00Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems
    • C07D473/26Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with an oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atom directly attached in position 2 or 6, but not in both
    • C07D473/32Nitrogen atom
    • C07D473/34Nitrogen atom attached in position 6, e.g. adenine
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07KPEPTIDES
    • C07K5/00Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • C07K5/04Peptides containing up to four amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof containing only normal peptide links
    • C07K5/08Tripeptides
    • C07K5/0802Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral
    • C07K5/0804Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic
    • C07K5/0808Tripeptides with the first amino acid being neutral and aliphatic the side chain containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, e.g. Val, Ile, Leu
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00Medicinal preparations containing peptides

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
NO19965394A 1994-06-22 1996-12-13 Nye substituerte purinylderivater med immunomodulerende aktivitet NO317552B1 (no)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US26402894A 1994-06-22 1994-06-22
PCT/CA1995/000356 WO1995035297A1 (en) 1994-06-22 1995-06-21 Novel substituted purinyl derivatives with immunomodulating activity

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO965394D0 true NO965394D0 (no) 1996-12-13
NO965394L NO965394L (no) 1997-02-21
NO317552B1 NO317552B1 (no) 2004-11-15

Family

ID=23004250

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO19965394A NO317552B1 (no) 1994-06-22 1996-12-13 Nye substituerte purinylderivater med immunomodulerende aktivitet

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (2) US6110923A (no)
EP (1) EP0766683A1 (no)
JP (1) JP4151765B2 (no)
CN (1) CN1051083C (no)
AU (1) AU2666795A (no)
BR (1) BR9508115A (no)
FI (1) FI965040A7 (no)
HU (1) HUT77780A (no)
IL (1) IL114266A0 (no)
MX (1) MX9700211A (no)
NO (1) NO317552B1 (no)
NZ (1) NZ287827A (no)
PL (1) PL184342B1 (no)
RU (1) RU2191189C2 (no)
WO (1) WO1995035297A1 (no)
ZA (1) ZA955131B (no)

Families Citing this family (49)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19653646A1 (de) * 1996-12-20 1998-06-25 Hoechst Ag Substituierte Purinderivate, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung, sie enthaltende Mittel und deren Verwendung
AU2583901A (en) * 1999-12-17 2001-06-25 Ariad Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Proton pump inhibitors
CA2430489A1 (en) * 2000-12-01 2002-06-06 Targent, Inc. Methods for contemporaneous administration of levamisole and 5-fluorouracil
JP4381804B2 (ja) * 2001-06-27 2009-12-09 サイクラセル リミテッド 2,6,9−置換プリン誘導体及び増殖性疾患の治療におけるその使用
EP1440072A4 (en) * 2001-10-30 2005-02-02 Conforma Therapeutic Corp PURINE ANALOGS HAVING HSP90 INHIBITORY ACTIVITY
US20070129334A1 (en) * 2001-10-30 2007-06-07 Conforma Therapeutics Corporation Orally Active Purine-Based Inhibitors of Heat Shock Protein 90
US20050232995A1 (en) 2002-07-29 2005-10-20 Yam Nyomi V Methods and dosage forms for controlled delivery of paliperidone and risperidone
GB0219052D0 (en) * 2002-08-15 2002-09-25 Cyclacel Ltd New puring derivatives
CN100345545C (zh) * 2003-06-18 2007-10-31 中国科学院上海药物研究所 6-氨基-α(R)-羟基-9H-嘌呤-9-丁酸乙酯的免疫抑制作用
BRPI0414533A (pt) * 2003-09-18 2006-11-07 Conforma Therapeutics Corp composto, composição farmacêutica, e, métodos para inibir um hsp90 e para tratar um indivìduo tendo um distúrbio mediado por hsp90
NZ547467A (en) * 2003-11-25 2010-06-25 3M Innovative Properties Co Substituted imidazo ring system and methods
CA2559036C (en) * 2004-03-26 2013-08-20 Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. 9-substituted 8-oxoadenine compound
EP1784190A4 (en) * 2004-09-03 2009-10-21 Prometic Biosciences Inc SUBSTITUTED PURINYL DERIVATIVES WITH IMMUNOMODULATIVE AND CHEMOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY AND USE ONLY, OR WITH MEDIUM-CHAINED FATTY ACIDS OR GLYCERIDES
WO2006105372A2 (en) 2005-03-30 2006-10-05 Conforma Therapeutics Corporation Alkynyl pyrrolopyrimidines and related analogs as hsp90-inhibitors
TW200801003A (en) * 2005-09-16 2008-01-01 Astrazeneca Ab Novel compounds
JPWO2007034882A1 (ja) * 2005-09-22 2009-03-26 大日本住友製薬株式会社 新規アデニン化合物
JPWO2007034817A1 (ja) * 2005-09-22 2009-03-26 大日本住友製薬株式会社 新規アデニン化合物
WO2007034881A1 (ja) * 2005-09-22 2007-03-29 Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. 新規アデニン化合物
JPWO2007034917A1 (ja) * 2005-09-22 2009-03-26 大日本住友製薬株式会社 新規なアデニン化合物
TW200745114A (en) * 2005-09-22 2007-12-16 Astrazeneca Ab Novel compounds
US20090099216A1 (en) * 2005-09-22 2009-04-16 Astrazeneca Aktiebolag A Corporation Of Sweden Novel adenine compound
WO2007035963A2 (en) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-29 Conforma Therapeutics Corporation Anti-tumor methods using multi drug resistance independent synthetic hsp90 inhibitors
MX2008008279A (es) * 2005-12-20 2009-03-04 Idera Pharmaceuticals Inc Actividad inmunoestimuladora de oligonucleotidos inmunoestimuladores palindromicos que contienen diferentes longitudes de segmentos palindromicos.
US8138172B2 (en) * 2006-07-05 2012-03-20 Astrazeneca Ab 8-oxoadenine derivatives acting as modulators of TLR7
TW200831105A (en) * 2006-12-14 2008-08-01 Astrazeneca Ab Novel compounds
JP5480637B2 (ja) * 2007-03-19 2014-04-23 アストラゼネカ・アクチエボラーグ Toll様受容体(tlr7)モジュレーターとしての9−置換−8−オキソ−アデニン化合物
US8063051B2 (en) * 2007-03-19 2011-11-22 Astrazeneca Ab 9-substituted-8-oxo-adenine compounds as toll-like receptor (TLR7) modulators
JPWO2008114819A1 (ja) * 2007-03-20 2010-07-08 大日本住友製薬株式会社 新規アデニン化合物
PE20081887A1 (es) * 2007-03-20 2009-01-16 Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co Nuevo compuesto de adenina
CA2686163A1 (en) * 2007-05-08 2008-11-13 Astrazenca Ab Imidazoquinolines with immuno-modulating properties
US8247410B2 (en) * 2007-10-05 2012-08-21 Verastem Pyrimidine substituted purine derivatives
PE20091236A1 (es) 2007-11-22 2009-09-16 Astrazeneca Ab Derivados de pirimidina como immunomoduladores de tlr7
PE20091156A1 (es) 2007-12-17 2009-09-03 Astrazeneca Ab Sales de (3-{[[3-(6-amino-2-butoxi-8-oxo-7,8-dihidro-9h-purin-9-il)propil](3-morfolin-4-ilpropil)amino]metil}fenil)acetato de metilo
JP5577099B2 (ja) * 2008-01-17 2014-08-20 大日本住友製薬株式会社 アデニン化合物の製造方法
WO2009091031A1 (ja) * 2008-01-17 2009-07-23 Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. アデニン化合物の製造方法
RU2424241C2 (ru) * 2008-12-29 2011-07-20 Сергей Павлович Сяткин Производные ксантина, обладающие антипролиферативной активностью, модуляторы клеточной дифференцировки, способ замедления скорости пролиферации опухолевых клеток, способ индукции дифференциации в клетках
GB0908772D0 (en) * 2009-05-21 2009-07-01 Astrazeneca Ab New salts 756
MX2011012337A (es) 2009-05-21 2011-12-08 Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co Nuevos derivados de pirimidina y su uso en el tratamiento de cancer y de otras enfermedades.
WO2011068233A1 (en) * 2009-12-03 2011-06-09 Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. Imidazoquinolines which act via toll - like receptors (tlr)
RU2492825C2 (ru) * 2010-10-18 2013-09-20 Федеральное государственное учреждение "Ростовский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт Федерального агентства по высокотехнологичной медицинской помощи" Способ лечения рака сигмовидной кишки у женщин по сидоренко ю.с.
ES2575688T3 (es) 2010-12-16 2016-06-30 Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd. Derivado de imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-ilo útil en terapia
US8895570B2 (en) 2010-12-17 2014-11-25 Astrazeneca Ab Purine derivatives
SG187271A1 (en) * 2011-07-07 2013-02-28 Agency Science Tech & Res Anti-amyloidogenic, alpha-helix breaking ultra-small peptide therapeutic
AU2013261267B2 (en) 2012-05-18 2017-06-29 Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. Carboxylic acid compounds
CA2996213C (en) * 2015-08-31 2023-10-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Guanidine substituted imidazo[4,5-c] ring compounds
CN113402518B (zh) * 2015-08-31 2023-08-22 3M创新有限公司 含有取代的胍基团的咪唑并[4,5-c]环化合物
EP3452477B1 (en) * 2016-05-04 2023-09-13 B.C.I. Pharma Adenine derivatives as protein kinase inhibitors
MA55214A (fr) * 2019-03-05 2022-01-12 F Star Therapeutics Inc Composés, compositions et procédés pour le traitement d'une maladie
WO2025262243A1 (en) * 2024-06-19 2025-12-26 Invios Gmbh Thieno- and thiazolopyrimidine-2,6-diones and use thereof as immunomodulators

Family Cites Families (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3165520A (en) * 1965-01-12 Certificate of correction
GB1544419A (en) * 1975-11-19 1979-04-19 Science Union & Cie Purines and pyrazolo-pyrimidines a process for their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions containing them
AU515553B2 (en) * 1976-03-01 1981-04-09 The Wellcome Foundation Limited Purine derivatives
DE3028273A1 (de) * 1980-07-25 1982-02-25 Fa. Dr. Willmar Schwabe, 7500 Karlsruhe Durch purinbasen substituierte 1.4;3.6-dianhydro-hexit-nitrate
AU564576B2 (en) * 1981-09-24 1987-08-20 Sigma-Tau Industrie Farmaceutiche Riunite S.P.A. Purine derivatives
US4602089A (en) * 1982-03-12 1986-07-22 Newport Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Process for preparing purine compounds
NL8202626A (nl) * 1982-06-29 1984-01-16 Stichting Rega V Z W Derivaten van 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine.
PT77494B (en) * 1982-10-14 1986-08-14 Wellcome Found Antiviral compounds
JPS5998099A (ja) * 1982-11-05 1984-06-06 Fujisawa Pharmaceut Co Ltd 新規テトラヒドロフランカルボン酸誘導体、その製造法およびその医薬組成物
CS233665B1 (en) * 1983-01-06 1985-03-14 Antonin Holy Processing of isomere o-phosphonylmethylderivative of anantiomere racemic vicinal diene
DK302883D0 (da) * 1983-06-30 1983-06-30 Hans Bundgaard Allopurinol prodrugs
US4663326A (en) * 1985-04-04 1987-05-05 Warner-Lambert Company Pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine-5,7-(4H,6H)dione or -5-thione-7-one analogs
DE3529497A1 (de) * 1985-08-17 1987-02-26 Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh N(pfeil hoch)6(pfeil hoch)-disubstituierte purinderivate, verfahren zu deren herstellung sowie diese verbindungen enthaltende arzneimittel
IN164556B (no) * 1986-03-06 1989-04-08 Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd
IT1213495B (it) * 1986-09-17 1989-12-20 Sigma Tau Ind Farmaceuti Processo per la preparazione dell'alfa-n-[(ipoxatin-9-il)pentilossicarbonil-]arginina
IT1215339B (it) * 1987-01-14 1990-02-08 Co Pharma Corp Srl Procedimento per la preparazione di 9-(idrossialchil)-ipoxantine
US4782062A (en) * 1987-05-11 1988-11-01 Merck & Co., Inc. 9-(2-hydroxymethyl)cycloalkylmethyl) guanines
US5214048A (en) * 1987-05-19 1993-05-25 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Oxetanocins
IT1223604B (it) * 1987-12-24 1990-09-29 Co Pharma Corp Srl Derivati purinici ad azione farmacologica
US5015739A (en) * 1988-04-22 1991-05-14 Schering Corporation Processes for preparation of cyclopentyl purine derivatives
GB8815265D0 (en) * 1988-06-27 1988-08-03 Wellcome Found Therapeutic nucleosides
US5369098A (en) * 1988-07-18 1994-11-29 E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. Hydroxymethyl cyclobutyl purines
EP0363320A3 (de) * 1988-10-06 1991-11-21 Ciba-Geigy Ag Substituierte 9H-Purine
US5332744A (en) * 1989-05-30 1994-07-26 Merck & Co., Inc. Substituted imidazo-fused 6-membered heterocycles as angiotensin II antagonists
IE70593B1 (en) * 1989-09-29 1996-12-11 Eisai Co Ltd Biphenylmethane derivative the use of it and pharmacological compositions containing same
IT1241452B (it) * 1990-06-28 1994-01-17 Sigma Tau Ind Farmaceuti Derivati oligopeptidici dell'ipoxantina dotati di attivita' immunomodulante e composizioni farmaceutiche che li contengono
US5470857A (en) * 1990-09-14 1995-11-28 Marion Merrell Dow Inc. Carbocyclic nucleoside analogs useful as immunosuppressants
IT1244501B (it) * 1991-03-22 1994-07-15 Sigma Tau Ind Farmaceuti Derivati amminoacilici e oligopeptidici dell'allopurinolo dotati di attivita' immunostimolante e composizioni farmaceutiche che li contengono
GB9320316D0 (en) * 1993-10-01 1993-11-17 Smithkline Beecham Plc Pharmaceuticals
WO1995013277A1 (en) * 1993-11-12 1995-05-18 Merrell Pharmaceuticals Inc. 6-oxo-nucleosides useful as immunosuppressants
US5516905A (en) * 1994-08-30 1996-05-14 University Of Massachusetts Medical Center Antibiotic compounds and methods to treat gram-positive bacterial and mycoplasmal infections

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HUT77780A (hu) 1998-08-28
US6110923A (en) 2000-08-29
FI965040L (fi) 1997-02-21
NZ287827A (en) 1999-02-25
WO1995035297A1 (en) 1995-12-28
MX9700211A (es) 1998-01-31
US5994361A (en) 1999-11-30
FI965040A7 (fi) 1997-02-21
CN1157618A (zh) 1997-08-20
NO317552B1 (no) 2004-11-15
BR9508115A (pt) 1998-11-03
JP4151765B2 (ja) 2008-09-17
JPH10501533A (ja) 1998-02-10
PL317902A1 (en) 1997-04-28
AU2666795A (en) 1996-01-15
CN1051083C (zh) 2000-04-05
EP0766683A1 (en) 1997-04-09
HU9603492D0 (en) 1997-02-28
FI965040A0 (fi) 1996-12-16
IL114266A0 (en) 1995-10-31
PL184342B1 (pl) 2002-10-31
RU2191189C2 (ru) 2002-10-20
NO965394L (no) 1997-02-21
ZA955131B (en) 1997-03-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
NO965394L (no) Nye substituerte purinylderivater med immunomodulerende aktivitet
FI941022L (fi) Spirosykliset piperidiinijohdannaiset
NO933471D0 (no) Nye ikke-antikoagulerende heparinderivater
NO933470D0 (no) Nye ikke-antikoagulerings-heparinderivater
NO953406D0 (no) Pyrrolo-pyridinderivater
NO983356D0 (no) Nye 19-nor-pregnenderivater
FI904591A7 (fi) Heterosyklisiä johdannaisia
FI943727L (fi) Piperidinyylitiasyklisiä johdannaisia
NO930156L (no) Nye oksazolylderivater
DK371989D0 (da) Amidderivater
FI952722A7 (fi) Allergian vastaisia triatsolobentsatsepiinijohdannaisia
FI923664L (fi) Piperidinderivat
NO960268D0 (no) Nye dialkoksypyridinylbenzimidazolderivater
DE69216260D1 (de) Piperidinderivate
FI990399A7 (fi) Karboksiamidijohdannaisia
FI950486A0 (fi) Amidijohdannaiset
MX9206710A (es) Derivados de piridinol
FI931610A7 (fi) Piperatsiinijohdannaisia
NO993013L (no) Nye heterosykliske substituerte pyrrolidinamidderivater
FI922880A7 (fi) Antipsykoottisia bentsodioksaanijohdannaisia
NO924900D0 (no) Nye tiazoler
NO952937D0 (no) Nye substituerte tiosemikarbazon derivater
DK0454580T3 (da) Nye nojirimycinderivater
NO942051D0 (no) Nye tiosemikarbazontioner
NO920307D0 (no) Nye dihydro-isokinolinderivater med farmasoeytisk virkning