NO20121187A1 - Method and apparatus for a sliding formwork which has no bonding yoke. - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and associated devices for a sliding formwork for sliding castings of vertical or inclined concrete wall structures. According to the invention, the sides of the sliding formwork are without bonding yokes. The horizontal concrete pressure against the sides of the sliding formwork, during the casting, is transferred with vertical or inclined upright beams down to the underlying finished hardened sliding cast concrete wall. Without a binding yoke, there is no physical barrier to lift, with a crane for direct mounting in the slide, industrially prefabricated curves of vertical reinforcing bars, or mats of horizontal reinforcing bars.

Description

The present invention relates to a method and associated devices for a sliding formwork for sliding casting of vertical or inclined concrete walls.

With conventional sliding formwork, the tied yokes are a work-related physical obstacle when you have to step in to tie down the horizontal reinforcement and install larger recesses or embedment material. The working height between the work platform and the lower edge of the yoke beams, for the linked yoke, is normally approx. 50-60 cm. All reinforcement, both horizontal and vertical, is threaded in by hand bar by bar and tied.

The main purpose of the present invention is to ease this heavy working environment-unfortunate work that one has, by pulling in and tying down the horizontal reinforcement, with the low working height under the yoke beams.

Another purpose is to facilitate the practical working conditions for an industrialization of reinforcement work by enabling the use of prefabricated reinforcement mats for the horizontal reinforcement and prefabricated reinforcement baskets for the standing reinforcement.

A further purpose is to optimize the sliding formwork technique in order to reduce the damaging effects that can occur on the adhesion of the reinforcing bars to the concrete in concrete structures cast in sliding formwork, ascertained according to "Ausschuss 378" published by the Technische Universitet, Munich. The investigations concluded that the anchoring lengths, in slip-cast constructions, had to be doubled to meet the requirements for power transmission according to the normal standard.

After studying the problems, the inventor came up with a solution where the yokes were removed and the concrete pressure-transmitting function of the yokes was replaced with vertical or sliding guide beams.

The concrete pressure from the sides of the sliding formwork during the casting process is transferred according to the invention to vertical or standing guide beams which in turn transfer the concrete pressure further down to the underlying ready-cast concrete wall. The guide beams are mounted in pairs opposite each other and stand still, with a center distance of 1.5 to approx. 4.0 meters along the wall, while the sliding formwork is lifted upwards and moves in relation to the cast concrete and the standing guide beams during the entire casting process. Normally, a slip-cast construction has a large height so that the guide beams that transmit the concrete pressure must be extended or moved upwards as the concrete construction is cast.

The present invention is characterized by the fact that preferably only one unjointed beam is used for each concrete pressure-transmitting guide beam device and where the devices, according to the invention, can transfer the concrete pressure from the sides of the sliding formwork even during the movement of the guide beams when they are moved up.

Oe special features of the invention are as defined in associated patent claims.

The invention will be explained in more detail during the description of the drawings.

Figure 1 shows a section through a sliding formwork without a yoke. The sliding formwork's two sides (IA) and (IB)

is attached to each connecting device (10A) and (10B), preferably of a square tube-like construction. The device (10B) is shown dashed. Inside the devices (10A) and (10B), stand the vertical or standing and concrete pressure-transmitting guide beams (7A) and (7B), where they are guided by a sliding or rolling arrangement (11). The sliding or rolling arrangements (11) are attached to the device (10A) and (10B) respectively. The sliding or rolling arrangements (11) can also transfer the concrete pressure. The sliding or rolling arrangements (11) are adjustably (24) fixed in the connecting devices (10) in order to adjust the slippage of the gtide formwork sides (1) during the gltde casting.

The sliding formwork has three work platforms. An overhead platform (3) for mounting the reinforcement, a middle tree (2) also for mounting the reinforcement as well as casting the concrete and a hanging stile (4).

The vertical or standing guide beams (7A) and (7B) have their bearings and fixings in the consoles (6). The consoles (6) are attached to the slip-cast concrete wall (8). The power transmissions between the vertical or vertical guide beams (7A) and (7B) and the consoles (6) are done with a sliding or rolling arrangement (9). The sliding or rolling arrangement (9) is adjustable (17) attached to the consoles (6) in order to align the guide beams (7A) and (7B) in the desired sliding direction.

Figure 1 also shows some of the reinforcement basket (12) that has been cast in as well as a reinforcement basket (13) that has been lifted in and installed. The reinforcement basket (13) is supported with an adjustable, removable and movable device (14) against the vertical guide beam (7B) so that it stands in the direction of the future concrete wall (8).

The connecting devices (10A) and (10B) preferably protrude slightly above the work platform (2) to prevent, among other things, that spillage of concrete on the work platform (2), from the casting, enters the device (10A) after (10B) and prevents the sliding or rolling arrangement (11) function. At the top and on the outside of the devices (10A) and (10B) there is an attachment for the struts (16A) and (16B). There can also be only one strut (16) which then has its attachment at the same level but on the inside of the devices (10A) and (10B) against the concrete wall (8). The rods (16A) and (16B) or (16) are adjustable in the longitudinal direction. Before the vertical or vertical concrete pressure transmitting guide beams (7A) and (7B) are moved up, the struts (16A) and (16B) or (16) are temporarily mounted. During the lifting of the vertical or vertical guide beams (7A) and/or (7B), the concrete pressure from the sliding formwork on two sides (IA) and (IB) will be transferred via the struts (16A) and (16B) or (16) as well as via the guide beams (7) ) and the brackets (6) to the concrete wall (8).

Figure 2 shows a prefabricated basket of standing rebar (13) being lifted in.

The lifting is done with a crane arrangement (19) where the basket (13) is suspended in a lifting yoke (20).

When the basket (13) enters over the work platform (3), the basket (13) is attached to a sliding device (18) which slides along the beam (7B) and brings the basket (13) down into a safe position in relation to the embedded and protruding reinforcement (12).

Figure 3 shows a prefabricated mat of begging rebar (21) during lifting.

the lifting is done with a crane arrangement (19) where the mat (21) is suspended in a lifting yoke (22).

When the mat (21) enters over the work platform (3), the mat (21) is pressed against the guide beam (7B) by ropes (not shown) from the work platform (3). The mat (21) can then be lowered towards the guide beam (7B) to the level for mounting on the support arrangement (23).

Figure 4 shows the reinforcement mat (21) lowered to its level for assembly. The arrows show the movements the mat (21) makes, with the help of the crane arrangement (19), for inserting/mounting the rods on the support arrangement (23).

In the solution, according to the invention, the concrete pressure affecting the sides (IA) and (IB) of the sliding formwork is transferred to the newly cast concrete wall (8) under the sliding formwork via the vertically or standing guide beams (7A) and (7B) and the sliding or rolling arrangements ( 11) which is arranged fixed inside the devices (10A) and (10B). The devices (10A) and (10B) are fixed to the sliding formwork's sides (IA) and (IB) respectively. The vertical or standing guide beams (7A) and (7B) stand still while the sliding formwork (IA) and (IB) are lifted upwards.

When the sliding formwork's sides (IA) or alternatively (IB) have been lifted up to the upper edge of their guide beams, the struts (16A) and (16B), alternatively the strut (16), are mounted above the devices (10A) and (10B). The struts (16A) and (16B), alternatively strut (16), can then transfer the concrete pressure between the sliding formwork's sides (IA) and (IB) while the vertical or standing guide beam (7A) or alternatively (7B) is lifted up to the new desired level. During the movement, the guide beam (7A) or alternatively (7B) is still controlled by the sliding or rolling arrangements (11) and (9).

As a lifting arrangement (not shown) for lifting the sides (IA) and (IB) of the sliding formwork with working platforms (2) and (3), etc., a jack structure is preferably used which lifts the sides of the sliding formwork (IA) alternatively (IB) or both at the same time and with same lifting speed regardless of uneven loads.

In the solution, according to the invention, the horizontal reinforcement is assembled as prefabricated

mats (21). The mats (21) can be a group of welded rods or loose rods placed in a lifting jig that is lifted onto the sliding formwork. The mats (21) have been fitted with ropes (not shown) to facilitate reception on the upper work platform (3). With the ropes, the mat (21) is directed to lay against the guide beams (7), after which the mat (21) is lowered downward and uses the guide beam (7) as a guide during the lowering to the mounting level of the rods. At the assembly level, the crane arrangement (19) moves the reinforcement mats (21) over from the guide beam (7) and towards the mounted vertical reinforcement (12)/(13). The reinforcement mats (21) can then be lowered down and placed on a standing support arrangement (23) and are thus fully assembled for casting. Support arrangement (23) is attached to or welded to the reinforcement baskets (12)/(13), preferably in connection with the pre-fabrication of the baskets (13).

When slipcasting offshore constructions, there is normally such a large amount of reinforcement that you have to lift in to fit a reinforcement basket (12)/(13) for each reinforcement side. In addition, there can also be horizontal reinforcement on both sides of the vertical reinforcement. The reinforcement mats (21) on the inside of the standing reinforcement (12)/(13) are lowered slidingly in the same way as the mats (21) on the outside, to their mounting level, but then against an arrangement of preferably vertical beams or pipes. which is temporarily suspended on the inside of the reinforcement baskets (12)/(13).

In the solution, according to the invention, the standing reinforcement is mounted as prefabricated welded baskets (13). The baskets (13) have been fitted with rope (not shown) to facilitate reception on the upper working platform (3). With the ropes, the basket (13) is directed towards the guide beams (7) where one or more fastening arrangements (18) are mounted between the basket (13) and the guide beam (7). The mounting of the fastening arrangement (18) in the guide beam (7) is sliding and will guide the basket (7) in the correct position, in relation to the protruding bars in the cast-in reinforcement basket (12), when it is lowered.

By using the guide beams (7) as guides for the last part of the down movements during the installation of both the reinforcement baskets (13) and the reinforcement mats (21), the influence that can be had from strong wind during a sliding casting when lifting in the reinforcement has been significantly reduced.

With the present invention, a method has been arrived at with devices and arrangements which make it possible to cast vertical or inclined concrete structures with sliding formwork without the yokes that hinder the work of the reinforcement.

According to the invention, it is possible to lift in and install a larger quantity of both horizontal and vertical reinforcement that is industrially welded together in mats or curves, in one lifting operation. With an industrial production line with welding jigs and welding robots, inside a welding workshop protected in terms of working environment, you will get an optimal quality of the welding work. In addition, the center distance of the rods can be welded

accurately that you can use the theoretically calculated center distances, even if they are fractions of a centimeter. Which means a reduced tonnage of reinforcement with associated work hours compared to conventional sliding casting where, based on experience, one always uses whole centimetres.

In conventional sliding casting, where the reinforcing bars are installed manually by hand, one bar at a time, you are dependent on short bar lengths in order to be able to handle them manually in terms of load. By being able to. According to the invention, lifting in and mounting the reinforcing bars as mats and baskets, with a crane crane arrangement, is almost independent of the weight of the mats and baskets respectively. With the present invention, it is therefore possible to use significantly longer reinforcing bars, both for mats and baskets, compared to conventional sliding casting. Which involves a reduction in the number of joint lengths with a corresponding reduction in the amount of de-heating and working hours.

In conventional sliding casting, the horizontal reinforcing bars are pulled in manually by hand, one bar at a time, under the low yoke beams and in the very limited distance between the yoke leg and the vertically mounted reinforcing bars, measure the center distance to the last installed horizontal reinforcing bar then, manually, tie the rebar to the standing rebar. With the present invention, the manual workload is significantly reduced by being able to lay the bars, from a whole mat (21), in one work operation on a storage arrangement (23) with a storage for the bars (15) which has a correct and controlled center distance. In addition, the manual workload is further reduced by the fact that, with the present invention, it is not necessary to tie the rods firmly. The reinforcing bars (15) are held in place by the support arrangement's (23) protruding pegs.

In the method, according to the invention, the sides of the sliding formwork will be pressed against the vertical or standing guide beams by the concrete pressure even if they are affected by tilting/balancing eccentric loads. The sides of the sliding formwork will be lifted up in the direction to which the vertical guide beams are set, preferably by lifting jacks that all lift at the same time, at the same speed and regardless of varying and/or uneven loads. The sides of the sliding formwork thus do not have any tilting/balancing movements as is the case with the sliding formwork method/equipment used today.

Claims (9)

1 Procedure and devices for casting vertical or inclined concrete walls with sliding formwork, characterized by the sides (IA) and (IB) of the sliding formwork are lifted and slide along the upper part of the vertically or obliquely positioned guide beams (7A) and (7B) and form the concrete wall (8), as the guide beams (7A) and (7B) transfer the entire concrete pressure, from the the freshly poured concrete between the slide formwork sides (IA) and (IB), down to the hardened concrete wall (8) below the slide formwork sides (IA) and (IB), via the brackets (6), without there being any physical connection between the slide formwork sides (IA ) and (IB) in that, when the sliding formwork sides (IA) and (IB) approach the upper edge of a guide beam (7A) or (7B), a temporary brace connection (16) is established between the sliding formwork sides (IA) and (IB ) attached standing upright devices (10A) and (10B), where in the devices (10A) and (10B) a sliding or rolling power transmitting arrangement (11) is installed between the guide beams (7A) and (7B) and the devices (10A) respectively (10B) and where the tie rod (16) transfers the largest part of the concrete from the newly poured concrete between the slide formwork sides (IA) and (IB) via the devices (10A) and (10B) in connection with the guide beam (7A) or (7B) being lifted up, one and one or both at the same time, for further slide casting to the full height of the wall (8). 2 Method according to claim 1, characterized by the jacks for lifting the sliding formwork sides (IA) and (IB), working platforms (2), (3) and (4), etc. are preferably of a construction that lifts simultaneously and at the same lifting speed, regardless of uneven loads. 3 Method according to claim 1, characterized by whole or other parts of the vertical reinforcement can be lifted in and installed as prefabricated baskets (13), where the guide beams (7) are used as guides (18) at the last part of the lowering movement, when the reinforcing baskets (13) are lowered for installation. 4 Method according to claims 1 and 3, characterized by the reinforcing baskets (13), after they have been assembled, rest against the guide beams (7) with a longitudinally adjustable support (14) until the reinforcing baskets (13) are embedded. 5 Method according to claim 1, characterized by all or parts of the horizontal reinforcement (15) can be lifted in and installed as prefabricated mats (21), where the guide beams (7) are used as guides for the mats (21) on the outside of the assembled reinforcement baskets (12)/(13) and where temporarily installed devices, preferably beams or pipes, are used as guides for the mats (21) on the inside of the installed reinforcing baskets (12)/(13), at the last part of the lowering movement when the reinforcing mats (21) are lowered for installation. 6 Method according to claims 1 and 5, characterized by the bars (15) of the reinforcing mats, during assembly, are placed on a support arrangement (23), where the support arrangement (23) is preferably pre-assembled, attached to or suspended in the reinforcement baskets (13). 7 Method according to claims 1 and 6, characterized by the bars (15) of the reinforcing mats, when mounted on the recording arrangements (23), preferably lie unbound on the support arrangements (23) when they are cast in. 8 Method according to claim 1, characterized by the connecting devices (10) preferably stick up above the work platform (2) and where in the protruding part of the connecting devices (10) there is a support for attaching the rods (16). 9 Method according to claim 1, characterized by the sliding after rolling arrangements (9) are adjustably (17) fixed in the consoles (6) to align the guide beams (7) in the desired sliding direction, in the same way that the sliding or rolling arrangements (11) are adjustably (24) fixed in of the connecting devices (10) to adjust the slip on the sliding formwork (1) sides.