NL2035983B1

NL2035983B1 - Method for rapid and efficient propagation of lily bulbs by using buds

Info

Publication number: NL2035983B1
Application number: NL2035983A
Authority: NL
Inventors: Du Wenwen; Jia Wenjie; Li Xiang; Wang Xiangning; Duan Qing; Ma Lulin; Cui Guangfen; Wang Jihua
Original assignee: Flower Res Institute Yaas
Priority date: 2022-11-16
Filing date: 2023-10-09
Publication date: 2024-05-16
Also published as: CN115918482B; CN115918482A

Abstract

The invention provides is a method for rapid and efficient propagation of lily bulbs by using buds, which is characterized by taking lily buds as propagation material, and comprises the 5 following steps: 81) removing scales to obtain lily buds, 82) dehydrating the stem surface of lily buds, 83) treating lily buds with plant growth agents to promote rooting, 84) sterilizing the lily buds, 85) planting and cultivating the lily buds in a solar greenhouse or a plastic shed, 86) fertilizing the lily buds according to the formula, and 87) controlling that cultivation environment of lily buds, and obtaining flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm. Making full 10 use of discarded lily buds to cultivate flowering bulbs with neat and consistent size and specifications and high quality, with a bulb formation rate of 100%, which simplifies the operation and saves labour costs. lt only takes 7-8 months to obtain flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm under the facility environment, which greatly shortens the cultivation time of flowering bulbs and saves the cultivation management cost.

Description

METHOD FOR RAPID AND EFFICIENT PROPAGATION OF LILY BULBS BY USING BUDS

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to a method for rapid and efficient propagation of lily bulbs by using buds, and belongs to the technical field of vegetative propagation of plants.

BACKGROUND

Lily is a traditional medicinal and edible plant in China, and it is also one of the top five cut flowers in the world. The underground bulb of lily is composed of dozens of scales, which have the ability to generate small bulblets and can be used as a reproductive organ for asexual reproduction. In addition, when the plants wither and harvest underground bulbs, many small bulblets will grow at the base of the old stems. Edible lilies often reproduce with stem bulblets as provenances, while flower lilies reproduce with bulbs sprouted from scales. After the scales of flower lily bulbs are peeled off, sprouted buds will remain. Although the buds are rich in polysaccharides and have strong antioxidant activity, their tissues are tender and high in water content, so it is difficult to cultivate and manage them when they are used as propagators, so most of them are discarded as waste in the existent technology. In large-scale production of lily scale bulbs, for example, 10,000 buds will be produced after 10,000 bulbs are peeled off, and too many buds will be discarded, resulting in the waste of reproduction mother. In addition, lily bulbs are expensive, and their losses are obvious. Therefore, if lily buds can be fully used as reproduction mother of flower lilies, greater economic benefits can be obtained after bulb reproduction, and at the same time, high-quality bulbs with strong appearance and vitality can be quickly obtained, providing a new path for the production of flower lily bulbs.

Indanaphthylacetic acid is a mixed plant growth regulator composed of indole butyric acid and naphthylacetic acid in a certain proportion. Indole butyric acid (IBA) is a kind of auxin, which has a strong absorption and conduction function. It can enter the plant through the leaves, the tender epidermis of branches, as well as seeds, and be transported to the effective parts with the nutrient flow. Indanaphthylacetic acid can stimulate cell division and growth in the inner sheath of roots, induce adventitious roots, make lateral roots grow faster and more, improve plant survival rate and promote plant growth and health. At present, there is no report on the study of promoting the rooting of lily buds and then promoting the growth of lily bulbs by indanaphthylacetic acid treatment.

SUMMARY

In order to give full play to the value of buds and shorten the propagation time of lily bulbs, the invention provides a method for rapidly and efficiently cultivating lily bulbs with buds as propagation material .

According to the invention, lily buds are innovatively used as propagation material, and through the combination of technical means such as mild dehydration, plant growth regulation, rooting promotion, bud disinfection, efficient planting and the like, a method for rapidly obtaining lily flowering bulbs is provided, and the utilization value of lily buds is greatly improved.

The invention is completed by the following technical scheme: a method for rapid and efficient propagation of lily bulbs by using buds, which is characterized in that lily buds are used as propagation material, and comprises the following steps:

S1) removing scales to obtain lily buds, and peeling scales from lily bulbs that have been dormancy-broken at low temperature from the end of February to the beginning of April to obtain sprouted lily buds, so that main roots are left at the base of the lily buds;

S2) dehydrating that stem surface of the lily bud, and laying the bud in $1) in a well- ventilated room at the temperature of 18-25°C for 2-3 days, so that the moisture on the surface of the bud is air-dried and does not shrink, and the middle and upper scales of the bud keep sufficient water content;

S3) treating lily bud with plant growth agent to promote rooting, that is, putting the lily bud in S2) into 300-600 times of indanaphthylacetic acid solution, immersing the lily bud with a length of 1/2 in the solution for 10-12 hours to promote rooting; the indanaphthylacetic acid solution is formed by dissolving 5% indanaphthylacetic acid soluble powder with water;

S4) sterilizing the lily bud, namely taking out the lily bud in S3}, draining water, putting the lily bud into the disinfectant, and immersing the whole bud in the disinfectant for 20-30 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil according to the volume ratio of 1: 1;

S5) planting and cultivating the lily bud in a solar greenhouse or a plastic shed, planting the lily bud of S4) in the substrate or soil in the solar greenhouse or the plastic shed within 24 hours, and when the length of the bud is less than or equal to 15 cm, it is completely buried in the substrate or soil, and when the length of the bud is more than 15 cm, the tip of the bud is exposed to the surface of the substrate or soil;

S8) formulating fertilization for lily buds, after planting, watering the soil or substrate until it is saturated, and then stopping watering for 5-7 days to promote the rooting and germination of the stems of the plants; after 7 days to 3 months, applying the No.1 formula fertilizer, and after 3 months, applying the No.2 formula fertilizer;

S7) controlling that cultivation environment of lily buds, namely, in the whole cultivation process of lily buds in S5) and $6), the air temperature in a solar greenhouse or a plastic shed needs to be controlled as follow: the lowest temperature at night is controlled to be above 13°C, the temperature during the day is controlled to be below 28°C, the temperature change range within 24 hours is controlled to be within 10°C, and after 7-8 months of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

The lily bud in S1) is a bud after scales are peeled off by lily bulbs with circumference of 14 cm or more.

The low-temperature dormancy breaking in S1) is to store lily bulbs in a low-temperature environment of 0-4°C for 30-90 days, so as to break dormancy.

The No.1 formula fertilizer in step 6) is as follows: ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.10 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.10 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu ferric citrate 1.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu applying the No.1 formula fertilizer once every 3 days for 3 months. the No.2 formula fertilizer in step 6) is as follows: ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.15 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.15 kg/mu ferric citrate 2.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu.

After the lily bud plants grow for 3 months, the above No.2 formula fertilizer is applied once every 2 days until the circumference reaches more than 14 cm.

The invention has the advantages and effects that: (1) The lily buds which have been air-dried moderately are soaked by indanaphthylacetic acid, so that the stem roots of the lily buds can germinate quickly, and the stem roots of the soaked buds germinate more than 15 days earlier than those of the untreated buds, which provides a good stem root system for the subsequent buds to grow into robust plants. (2) Because the specifications of the buds are relatively neat, under the condition of ensuring that all treatment steps and cultivation conditions are consistent, the sizes and specifications of the bulbs cultivated by the buds are neat and consistent, the circumference can reach more than 14 cm, and the scales are compact, and the quality of the bulbs is obviously better than that cultivated in the open field with lily scales. Moreover, the plants do not suffer from fungal diseases and insect pests in the facility environment, and the bulbing rate of the buds can reach 100%, which is much higher than that of the bulbs cultivated in the field. (3) The bud plant is used to cultivate the bulb, because the plant will not produce bud again, but only have vegetative growth, which saves the process of topping the plant to remove the flowers in the conventional bulb breeding process, simplifies the operation and saves the labour cost. (4) It only takes 7-8 months for the bud plants cultivated in the facility environment to grow flowering bulbs with a circumference larger than 14 cm, which is 2 months shorter than that of the bud plants cultivated in the field, so that the bulbs can quickly reach the specifications of flowering bulbs, and the cultivation management cost is greatly saved..

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Fig. 1 is a picture of the remaining buds of lily flowering bulbs after peeling scales;

Fig. 2 shows the rooting of the germination stem of the bud plant cultivated after the treatment of indanaphthylacetic acid;

Fig. 3 shows the harvested high-quality lily bulbs cultivated by bud plants..

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In order to clarify the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1

The invention relates to a method for rapid and efficient propagation of lily bulbs by using buds, which takes lily buds as propagation material and comprises the following steps:

S1, at the end of February, peeling off the scales of 'Siberia' lily bulbs that have been dormancy-broken at low temperature to obtain sprouted lily buds, so that main roots remain at the base of the lily buds; the lily bud is a bud after scales are peeled off by lily bulbs with a circumference of 14 cm; the low-temperature dormancy breaking means that lily bulbs are stored in a low-temperature environment of 0°C for 85 days to break dormancy;

S2, placing the bud of S1 in a well-ventilated room at 18°C for 3 days, so that the moisture on the surface of the bud is air-dried and does not shrink, and the middle and upper scales of the bud maintain sufficient water content;

S3, putting the lily buds of S2 into 300 times of indanaphthylacetic acid solution, and soaking the lily buds with a length of 1/2 in the solution for 10 hours to promote rooting; the indanaphthylacetic acid solution is formed by dissolving 5% indanaphthylacetic acid soluble powder with water; 5 S4, taking out the lily bud of S3, draining water, putting the lily bud into the disinfectant, and immersing the whole lily bud in the disinfectant for disinfection for 20 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil according to the volume ratio of 1: 1;

S5, planting the lily buds of S4 into the soil of a plastic shed within 24 hours, wherein the length of the buds is 15 cm, and all the buds are buried in the soil;

S86, after planting, watering the substrate until it is saturated, and then stopping watering and fertilizing for 5 days to promote the rooting and germination of the stems of the plants; after 7 days to 3 months, applying the following No.1 formula fertilizer once every 3 days; ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.10 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.10 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu ferric citrate 1.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu; after the lily bud plant grows for 3 months, the following No.2 formula fertilizer is applied once every 2 days: ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.15 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.15 kg/mu ferric citrate 2.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu;

S7, during the whole cultivation process of lily buds in S5 and S86, it is necessary to control the air temperature in the plastic shed as follows: the lowest temperature at night is controlled at 14°C, the highest temperature during the day is controlled at 23°C, and the temperature change range within 24 hours is controlled at 10°C. After 8 months of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

Embodiment 2

A method for rapid and efficient propagation of lily bulbs is characterized in that lily buds are used as propagation material, and comprises the following steps:

S1, at the end of February, peeling off the scales of 'Siberia' lily bulbs that have been dormancy-broken at low temperature to obtain sprouted lily buds, so that main roots remain at the base of the lily buds; the lily bud is a bud after scales are peeled off by lily bulbs with a circumference of 16 cm; the low-temperature dormancy breaking means that lily bulbs are stored in a low-temperature environment of 4°C for 60 days to break dormancy;

S2, placing the bud of S1 in a well-ventilated room at 25°C for 2 days, so that the moisture on the surface of the bud is air-dried and does not shrink, and the middle and upper scales of the bud maintain sufficient water content;

S3, putting the lily buds of S2 into 600 times of indanaphthylacetic acid solution, and soaking the lily buds with a length of 1/2 in the solution for 12 hours to promote rooting; the indanaphthylacetic acid solution is formed by dissolving 5% indanaphthylacetic acid soluble powder with water;

S4, taking out the lily bud of S3, draining water, putting the lily bud into the disinfectant, and immersing the whole lily bud in the disinfectant for disinfection for 30 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil according to the volume ratio of 1: 1;

S5, planting the lily bud of S4 into a cultivation substrate in a solar greenhouse within 24 hours, wherein the length of the bud is 17 cm, so that the tip of the bud is 2 cm away from the substrate surface;

S6, after planting, watering the substrate until it is saturated, and then stopping watering and fertilizing for 7 days to promote the rooting and germination of the stems of the plants; after 7 days to 3 months, applying the following No.1 formula fertilizer once every 3 days; ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.10 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.10 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu ferric citrate 1.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu; after the lily bud plant grows for 3 months, the following No.2 formula fertilizer is applied once every 2 days: ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.15 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.15 kg/mu ferric citrate 2.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu;

S7, during the whole cultivation process of lily buds in S5 and S86, it is necessary to control the air temperature in the solar greenhouse as follows: the minimum temperature at night is controlled at 22°C, the temperature during the day is controlled at 25°C, and the temperature change range within 24 hours is controlled at 10°C. After 7 months of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

Embodiment 3

S1, in mid-March, peeling off the scales of the 'Siberia’ lily bulbs that have been dormancy- broken at low temperature, and obtaining the sprouted lily buds, so that the main roots are left at the base of the lily buds; the lily bud is a bud after scales are peeled off by lily bulbs with a circumference of 16 cm; the low-temperature dormancy breaking means that lily bulbs are stored in a low-temperature environment of 2°C for 70 days to break dormancy;

S2, placing the bud of S1 in a well-ventilated room at 20°C for 3 days, so that the moisture on the surface of the bud is air-dried and does not shrink, and the middle and upper scales of the bud maintain sufficient water content;

S3, putting the lily buds of S2 into 400 times of indanaphthylacetic acid solution, and soaking the lily buds with a length of 1/2 in the solution for 11 hours to promote rooting; the indanaphthylacetic acid solution is formed by dissolving 5% indanaphthylacetic acid soluble powder with water;

S4, taking out the lily bud in S3, draining water, putting the lily bud into the disinfectant, and immersing the whole bud in the disinfectant for disinfection for 25 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil according to the volume ratio of 1: 1;

S5, planting the lily bud of S4 into a substrate in a plastic shed within 24 hours, wherein the length of the bud is 20 cm, so that the tip of the bud is 5 cm away from the substrate;

S86, after planting, watering the substrate until it is saturated, and then stopping watering and fertilizing for 5-7 days to promote the rooting and germination of the stems of the plants; after 7 days to 3 months, applying the following No.1 formula fertilizer once every 3 days; ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.10 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.10 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu ferric citrate 1.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu; after the lily bud plant grows for 3 months, the following No.2 formula fertilizer is applied once every 2 days: ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.15 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.15 kg/mu ferric citrate 2.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu;

S7, during the whole cultivation process of lily buds in S5 and S86, it is necessary to control the air temperature in the plastic shed as follows: the minimum temperature at night is controlled at 19°C, the temperature during the day is controlled at 25°C, and the temperature change range within 24 hours is controlled at 10°C. After 7 months and 8 days of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

Embodiment 4

S1, in the first ten days of April, peeling off the scales of the 'Palazzo' lily bulbs that have been dormancy-broken at low temperature, and obtaining the sprouted lily buds, so that the main roots are left at the base of the lily buds; the lily bud is a bud after scales are peeled off by lily bulbs with a circumference of 16 cm; the low-temperature dormancy breaking means that lily bulbs are stored in a low-temperature environment of 0°C for 80 days to break dormancy;

S3, putting the lily buds of S2 into 500 times of indanaphthylacetic acid solution, and soaking the lily buds with a length of 1/2 in the solution for 11 hours to promote rooting; the indanaphthylacetic acid solution is formed by dissolving 5% indanaphthylacetic acid soluble powder with water;

S4, taking out the lily bud in S3, draining water, putting the lily bud into the disinfectant, and immersing the whole bud in the disinfectant for disinfection for 28 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil according to the volume ratio of 1: 1;

S86, after planting, watering the soil until it is saturated, and stopping watering and fertilizing for the next 5 days to promote the rooting and germination of the stems of the plants; after 7 days to 3 months, applying the following No.1 formula fertilizer once every 3 days; ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.10 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.10 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu ferric citrate 1.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu; after the lily bud plant grows for 3 months, the following No.2 formula fertilizer is applied once every 2 days: ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.15 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.15 kg/mu ferric citrate 2.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu;

S7, during the whole cultivation process of lily buds in S5 and S86, it is necessary to control the air temperature in the plastic shed as follows: the minimum temperature at night is controlled at 16°C, the temperature during the day is controlled at 24°C, and the temperature change range within 24 hours is controlled at 10°C. After 7 months and 21 days of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

Embodiment 5

S1, in late March, peeling off the scales of the 'Palazzo’ lily bulbs that have been dormancy- broken at low temperature to obtain the sprouted lily buds, so that the main roots are left at the base of the lily buds; the lily bud is a bud after scales are peeled off by lily bulbs with a circumference of 18 cm; the low-temperature dormancy breaking means that lily bulbs are stored in a low-temperature environment of 4°C for 45 days to break dormancy;

S2, placing the bud of S1 in a well-ventilated room at 21°C for 3 days, so that the moisture on the surface of the bud is air-dried and does not shrink, and the middle and upper scales of the bud maintain sufficient water content;

S3, putting the lily buds of S2 into 350 times of indanaphthylacetic acid solution, and soaking the lily buds with a length of 1/2 in the solution for 10 hours to promote rooting; the indanaphthylacetic acid solution is formed by dissolving 5% indanaphthylacetic acid soluble powder with water;

S4, taking out the lily bud in S3, draining water, putting the lily bud into the disinfectant, and immersing the whole bud in the disinfectant for disinfection for 22 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil according to the volume ratio of 1: 1;

S5, planting the lily bud of S4 into a cultivation substrate in a plastic shed within 24 hours, wherein the length of the bud is 17 cm, and the tip of the bud is 2 cm away from the substrate;

S6, after planting, watering the substrate until it is saturated, and then stopping watering and fertilizing for 6 days to promote the rooting and germination of the stems of the plants; after 7 days to 3 months, applying the following No.1 formula fertilizer once every 3 days; ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.10 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.10 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu ferric citrate 1.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu; after the lily bud plant grows for 3 months, the following No.2 formula fertilizer is applied once every 2 days: ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.15 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.15 kg/mu ferric citrate 2.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu;

S7, during the entire cultivation process of lily buds in S5 and S6, the air temperature inside the plastic shed needs to be controlled as follows: the minimum temperature at night is controlled at 17°C, the temperature during the day is controlled at 25°C, and the temperature change range within 24 hours is controlled at 10°C. After 7 months and 15 days of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a diameter of more than 14 cm are harvested.

Embodiment 6

S1, in the first ten days of April, peeling off the scales of the 'Palazzo’ lily bulbs that have been dormancy-broken at low temperature to obtain the sprouted lily buds, so that the main roots are left at the base of the lily buds; the lily bud is a bud after scales are peeled off by lily bulbs with a circumference of 18 cm; the low-temperature dormancy breaking means that lily bulbs are stored in a low-temperature environment of 3°C for 68 days to break dormancy;

S2, placing the bud of S1 in a well-ventilated room at 22°C for 2 days, so that the moisture on the surface of the bud is air-dried and does not shrink, and the middle and upper scales of the bud maintain sufficient water content;

S3, putting the lily buds of S2 into 450 times of indanaphthylacetic acid solution, and soaking the lily buds with a length of 1/2 in the solution for 11 hours to promote rooting; the indanaphthylacetic acid solution is formed by dissolving 5% indanaphthylacetic acid soluble powder with water;

S4, taking out the lily bud in S3, draining water, putting the lily bud into the disinfectant, and immersing the whole bud in the disinfectant for disinfection for 26 minutes; the disinfectant is a mixed solution prepared by using 1000 times of methomyl and 800 times of pyrimethanil according to the volume ratio of 1: 1;

S5, planting the lily bud of S4 into the soil in a solar greenhouse within 24 hours, wherein the length of the bud is 18 cm, and the tip of the bud is 3 cm away from the soil;

S6, after planting, watering the soil until it is saturated, and then stopping watering and fertilizing for 7 days to promote the rooting and germination of the stems of the plants; after 7 days to 3 months, applying the following No.1 formula fertilizer once every 3 days; ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.10 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.10 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu ferric citrate 1.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu; after the lily bud plant grows for 3 months, the following No.2 formula fertilizer is applied once every 2 days:

ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.15 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.15 kg/mu ferric citrate 2.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu;

S7, during the whole cultivation process of lily buds in S5 and S86, it is necessary to control the air temperature in the solar greenhouse as follows: the minimum temperature at night is controlled at 20°C, the temperature during the day is controlled at 28°C, and the temperature change range within 24 hours is controlled at 10°C. After 7 months of cultivation, lily flowering bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm are harvested.

The present invention is illustrated by specific experiments. 1. Comparison of the application effects of indanaphthylacetic acid: indanaphthylacetic acid can intensify the activity of plant cells, promote cell division and expansion, promote root differentiation, accelerate root growth and development, and help to form more and stronger plant root groups. The strength of a lily plant depends on the quantity and quality of stem rooting development. The more and stronger the stem rooting, the stronger the plant, and then the higher the flower branch level. Although the bud is the remaining part of the lily bulb after the scales are peeled off it has the ability to become a complete plant again because it carries growing points.

After the bud was treated with indanaphthylacetic acid, the stem rooting cells on the stem surface at the base of the bud were quickly activated, and then the root tip tissue was sprouted. As can be seen from Table 1, the treatment method of the present invention has a good regulatory effect on the time and quantity of stem rooting of lily variety ‘Palazzo’. Compared with untreated lily buds, the treatment of indanaphthylacetic acid can advance the time of stem rooting by more than 12 days, and the number of stem rooting is more than 50% than that of untreated buds, which obviously promotes the growth of bud plants and the size of seed bulbs, and shortens the cultivation period of seed bulbs.

Table 1 Comparison between the effect of using indanaphthylacetic acid and the blank control in the present invention

Evaluating Treatment type ce a

Concentration 300 350 times | 400 times | 450 times | 500 times | 600 times fe

Number of 3 4 4 5 7 15~20 days required for stem rooting and sprouting

Number of 68~81 65~84 63~80 71~82 75~83 77~86 45-62 stem rooting 2. Comparison of the effects of protected cultivation and field cultivation: because of the great difference in environmental factors provided to crops, the air temperature and humidity conditions in protected environment are stable, and the water conditions of cultivation medium or soil are also stable, while the environmental factors in field are directly determined by natural weather conditions, and the temperature difference between day and night is large, so the soil water content is difficult to control, especially when there is too much rainfall, which is unfavourable to the growth of lily bulbs. In order to compare the effects of protected cultivation and field cultivation on the cultivation of bulbs with bud plants, experiments were carried out on the buds of ‘Siberia’ bulbs with specifications of 14-16 cm under the same fertilizer and water conditions. The results showed that the two cultivation environments had great influence on the culture time and size of bud bulbs and the rate of flowering bulbs. Protected cultivation can cultivate flowering bulbs with a diameter of 14 cm or more within 7-8 months, and the rate of bulb formation can reach 100%.

However, the cultivation time of bulbs cultivated in field is about 2 months longer than that of protected cultivation, which consumes more manpower and material resources, and the specifications of bud bulbs are not consistent, ranging from 6 cm to 12 cm. The number of bulbs that can reach a diameter of 12 cm only accounts for 67% of the total number of bulbs, while the remaining bulbs are small and cannot reach the level of flowering. This shows that protected cultivation and propagation of lily bud bulbs have significant application advantages.

Table 2 Comparison of effects between protected cultivation and field cultivation

Cultivation Bulb cultivation time Bulb circumference Bulb formation methods (days) rate (%) (cm)

Protected 209~237 14 or more 100 cultivation

Field 261~275 6~12 67 cultivation

Note: The standard of bulb formation is that the diameter of bulb reaches more than 12 cm (it can bloom).

The basic principle, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and what is described in the above- mentioned embodiments and descriptions only illustrates the principles of the present invention.

Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, there will be various changes and improvements in the present invention, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

The scope of that present invention is define by the appended claim and their equivalents.

Claims

CONCLUSIONS

1. A method for rapid and efficient propagation of lily bulbs using cloves as propagation material, which method comprises the following steps: S1) removing the petioles to obtain lily bulbs, and peeling the petioles of lily bulbs whose dormancy is at the end of February until the beginning of April at low temperatures to obtain germinated lily stems, so that the main roots remain at the base of the lily stems; S2) drying the stem surface of the lily toe and laying the toe of S1) in a well-ventilated room at a temperature of 18 - 25°C for 2 - 3 days, so that the moisture on the surface of the toe reaches the air is dried and it does not shrink, and the middle and upper skirts of the toe contain sufficient water; S3) treating the lily stem with a plant growth agent to promote rooting, by immersing the lily stem of S2) in a 300 - 600 fold indanaphthylacetic acid solution and immersing the lily stem with a length of 1/2 for 10 - 12 hours dipping in the solution to promote rooting, the indanaphthylacetic acid solution being formed by dissolving 5% indanaphthylacetic acid soluble powder with water; S4) sterilizing the lily toe by taking the lily toe from S3), draining water, placing the lily toe in the disinfectant and immersing the entire toe in the disinfectant for 20 - 30 minutes, making the disinfectant a mixed solution is that prepared by using 1000 times methomyl and 800 times pyrimethanil in a volume ratio of 1:1; S5) the planting and cultivation of the lily toe in a solar greenhouse or a plastic greenhouse, whereby the lily toe from S4) is planted within 24 hours in the substrate or the soil in the solar greenhouse or plastic greenhouse, and where the length of the toe is less is greater than or equal to 15 cm, it is completely buried in the substrate or soil, and when the length of the bud is more than 15 cm, the tip of the toe is exposed to the surface of the substrate or soil; S8) formulating fertilizer for lilies, where after planting the soil or substrate is watered to saturation, after which watering is stopped for 5 - 7 days to promote rooting and germination of the stems of the plants; and applying a fertilizer with a first formula after 7 days to 3 months, and applying a fertilizer with a second formula after 3 months; S7) regulating the cultivation environment of lily pads, whereby in the entire cultivation process of lily pads in S5) and SB) the air temperature in the solar greenhouse or plastic greenhouse is regulated as follows: the lowest temperature at night is regulated to above 13°C, the daytime temperature is controlled to below 28°C, the temperature difference within 24 hours is controlled to within 10°C, with lily bulbs with a circumference of more than 14 cm being harvested after 7 - 8 months.

The method for rapid and efficient propagation of lily bulbs using toes according to claim 1, wherein the lily toes of S1) are toes with skirts removed from lily bulbs with a circumference of 14 cm or more.

3. The method for rapid and efficient propagation of lily bulbs using toes according to claim 1, wherein breaking dormancy at low temperature in S1) storing lily bulbs in an environment with a low temperature of 0 - 4°C for 30 - 90 days.

4. The method for rapid and efficient propagation of lily bulbs using cloves according to claim 1, wherein in step 6): the fertilizer of the first formula is as follows: ammonium nitrate 0.18 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.10 kg/mu potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.28 kg/mu magnesium sulphate 0.19 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0.10 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu ferric citrate 1.0 g/mu boric acid 0.4 g/mu copper sulphate 1.7 g/mu zinc sulphate 1.7 g/mu ammonium molybdate 0.5 g/mu, and the fertilizer with the first formula is applied every 3 days for 3 months.

5. The method for rapid and efficient propagation of lily bulbs using cloves according to claim 1, wherein in step 6) the fertilizer of the second formula is as follows: ammonium nitrate 0.16 kg/mu potassium nitrate 0.12 kg/mu potassium sulphate 0 .15 kg/mu calcium nitrate 0.15 kg/mu iron citrate 2.0 g/mu, and when the lily pads grow for 3 months, the fertilizer with the second formula is applied every 2 days until the circumference exceeds 14 cm .