GoogleSQL

GoogleSQL is a reusable SQL language framework designed to standardize how SQL is written and analyzed across different systems. Previously called ZetaSQL, it defines core elements such as syntax, data models, type systems, and query semantics. Rather than executing queries, GoogleSQL focuses on parsing and validating SQL statements. It ensures consistent behavior for tasks like name resolution, type validation, and automatic casting. Different query engines can adopt the language while choosing which features to support. Unsupported features are clearly surfaced through validation errors. To maintain consistency, GoogleSQL provides a compliance test suite for engine implementers. This helps ensure predictable results across different platforms. GoogleSQL is used internally and externally by several Google SQL-based services. Products like BigQuery and Spanner rely on it for uniform SQL behavior.