Gensim

spaCy is designed to help you do real work, build real products, or gather real insights. The library respects your time and tries to avoid wasting it. It's easy to install, and its API is simple and productive. spaCy excels at large-scale information extraction tasks. It's written from the ground up in carefully memory-managed Cython. If your application needs to process entire web dumps, spaCy is the library you want to be using. Since its release in 2015, spaCy has become an industry standard with a huge ecosystem. Choose from a variety of plugins, integrate with your machine learning stack, and build custom components and workflows. Components for named entity recognition, part-of-speech tagging, dependency parsing, sentence segmentation, text classification, lemmatization, morphological analysis, entity linking, and more. Easily extensible with custom components and attributes. Easy model packaging, deployment, and workflow management.

Word2Vec is a neural network-based technique for learning word embeddings, developed by researchers at Google. It transforms words into continuous vector representations in a multi-dimensional space, capturing semantic relationships based on context. Word2Vec uses two main architectures: Skip-gram, which predicts surrounding words given a target word, and Continuous Bag-of-Words (CBOW), which predicts a target word based on surrounding words. By training on large text corpora, Word2Vec generates word embeddings where similar words are positioned closely, enabling tasks like semantic similarity, analogy solving, and text clustering. The model was influential in advancing NLP by introducing efficient training techniques such as hierarchical softmax and negative sampling. Though newer embedding models like BERT and Transformer-based methods have surpassed it in complexity and performance, Word2Vec remains a foundational method in natural language processing and machine learning research.