Category Archives: Read ebooks

Sarah’s got some writing tips for you!

If you love to write fiction, here are some important perspectives from Sarah Waters.

1. Read like mad. But try to do it analytically – which can be hard, because the better and more compelling a novel is, the less conscious you will be of its devices. It’s worth trying to figure those devices out, however: they might come in useful in your own work. I find watching films also instructive.
2. Cut like crazy. Less is more. I’ve ­often read manuscripts – including my own – where I’ve got to the beginning of, say, chapter two and have thought: “This is where the novel should actually start.” A huge amount of information about character and back story can be conveyed through small detail.”
3. Treat writing as a job. Be disciplined. Lots of writers get a bit OCD-ish about this. Graham Greene famously wrote 500 words a day. Jean Plaidy managed 5,000 before lunch, then spent the afternoon answering fan mail. My minimum is 1,000 words a day.
4. Writing fiction is not “self-­expression” or “therapy.” Novels are for readers, and writing them means the crafty, patient, selfless construction of effects.
5. Respect your characters, even the ­minor ones. In art, as in life, everyone is the hero of their own particular story; it is worth thinking about what your minor characters’ stories are, even though they may intersect only slightly with your protagonist’s.
6. Don’t overcrowd the narrative. Characters should be individualised, but functional – like figures in a painting. Think of Hieronymus Bosch’s Christ Mocked, in which a patiently suffering Jesus is closely surrounded by four threatening men. Each of the characters is unique, and yet each represents a type; and collectively they form a narrative that is all the more powerful for being so tightly and so economically constructed.
7. Don’t overwrite. Avoid the redundant phrases, the distracting adjectives, the unnecessary adverbs. Beginners, especially, seem to think that writing fiction needs a special kind of flowery prose, completely unlike any sort of language one might encounter in day-to-day life. This is a misapprehension about how the effects of fiction are produced, and can be dispelled by obeying Rule 1.
8. Pace is crucial. Fine writing isn’t enough. Writing students can be great at producing a single page of well-crafted prose; what they sometimes lack is the ability to take the reader on a journey, with all the changes of terrain, speed and mood that a long journey involves.
9. Don’t panic. Midway through writing a novel, I have regularly experienced moments of bowel-curdling terror, as I contemplate the drivel on the screen before me and see beyond it, in quick succession, the derisive reviews, the friends’ embarrassment, the failing career, the dwindling income, the repossessed house, the divorce … Working doggedly on through crises like these, however, has always got me there in the end. Leaving the desk for a while can help. Talking the problem through can help me recall what I was trying to achieve before I got stuck. Going for a long walk almost always gets me thinking about my manuscript in a slightly new way. And if all else fails, there’s prayer. St Francis de Sales, the patron saint of writers, has often helped me out in a crisis. If you want to spread your net more widely, you could try appealing to Calliope, the muse of epic poetry, too.
10. Talent trumps all. If you’re a ­really great writer, none of these rules need apply. If James Baldwin had felt the need to whip up the pace a bit, he could never have achieved the extended lyrical intensity of Giovanni’s Room. Without “overwritten” prose, we would have none of the linguistic exuberance of a Dickens or an Angela Carter. If everyone was economical with their characters, there would be no Wolf Hall … For the rest of us, however, rules remain important. And, ­crucially, only by understanding what they’re for and how they work can you begin to experiment with breaking them.

Sarah’s Ten Rules for Writing was originally published in The Guardian.

Sarah Waters is a Welsh author of fiction, mostly Victorian crime novels. Her novels have been shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and the Women’s Prize for Fiction.

She has also won the Betty Trask Award and the Somerset Maugham Award. Also The Sunday Times Young Writer of the Year Award; the South Bank Show Award for Literature and the CWA Historical Dagger.

You can visit Sarah’s website at  https://www.sarahwaters.com/

If you enjoyed these writing tips, please LIKE or make a comment. Which rule is your favorite? Which one is new to you? I love No. 9 because we all experience moments of panic when writing. How do you get through it and get back to the page?

Sky Wolf, A Fairy Tale, now 99 cents on

Amazon and Smashwords!

“Ms. Cappa’s style has a luminescent sheen about it, that carries you away, but more importantly, carries you INTO the content. This unique fairy tale is a melodic drink of something silky and warm, and will be the best short read you’ve had in a while. Personally, I think it could make a compelling and dramatic stage play. PS—I’d marry the King!!” —Christa Ross, blogger at Observations From the Outside.