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WO2026004032A1 - Composite battery pack and heterogeneous battery mixing type composite battery pack - Google Patents

Composite battery pack and heterogeneous battery mixing type composite battery pack

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Publication number
WO2026004032A1
WO2026004032A1 PCT/JP2024/023299 JP2024023299W WO2026004032A1 WO 2026004032 A1 WO2026004032 A1 WO 2026004032A1 JP 2024023299 W JP2024023299 W JP 2024023299W WO 2026004032 A1 WO2026004032 A1 WO 2026004032A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
battery
switch
heterogeneous
combined
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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PCT/JP2024/023299
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
壽 塚本
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Connexx Systems Corp
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Connexx Systems Corp
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Priority to PCT/JP2024/023299 priority Critical patent/WO2026004032A1/en
Priority to JP2025534782A priority patent/JP7790804B1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2025/016230 priority patent/WO2026004337A1/en
Priority to JP2025534481A priority patent/JP7790803B1/en
Publication of WO2026004032A1 publication Critical patent/WO2026004032A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a long-life composite battery pack in which a spark countermeasure at the time of opening a switch is taken into consideration. A composite battery pack 10 comprises a plurality of battery packs 12, an integrated battery management system 14, and a lead storage battery pack 16. Each of the plurality of battery packs 12 incorporates a plurality of lithium-ion batteries 12a and further includes a contactor switch 12c. The lead storage battery pack 16 is connected in parallel with the plurality of battery packs 12. The integrated battery management system 14 performs control so as to open the contactor switch 12c of a specific battery pack 12 when the voltage of the specific battery pack 12 deviates from a predetermined operation voltage range, and performs control so as to close the contactor switch 12c when the voltage difference ΔV between the plurality of battery packs 12 and the lead storage battery pack 16 is a voltage difference less than the product value of the maximum current I which can be made to flow by each battery pack 12 and the internal resistance R of each battery pack 12.

Description

複合電池パックおよび異種電池混合型複合電池パックCombined battery pack and heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack

　本発明は、互いに直列に接続された複数の鉛蓄電池と複数のリチウムイオン電池とで構成された複合電池パックおよび異種電池混合型複合電池パックに関する。 The present invention relates to a combined battery pack and a heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack composed of multiple lead-acid batteries and multiple lithium-ion batteries connected in series.

　従来、鉛蓄電池とリチウムイオン電池とを並列に接続した複合電池は、重量あたりの保有エネルギを大きくすると共に、特に低温パワー性能を向上させることができることが知られている。そして、複合電池の安全性を高めるために、様々な技術が開示されている。 It has been known that combined batteries, which connect a lead-acid battery and a lithium-ion battery in parallel, can increase the stored energy per weight and improve low-temperature power performance in particular. A variety of technologies have also been disclosed to improve the safety of combined batteries.

　一方、蓄電装置を構成する二次電池の劣化時の安全性について、特許文献１には、充電時、各単電池の電流値を計測し、この計測値に基づいて検出した異常な単電池を、スイッチング素子を制御して並列接続より切り離す充放電制御装置が開示されている。 Meanwhile, with regard to safety when the secondary batteries that make up the energy storage device deteriorate, Patent Document 1 discloses a charge/discharge control device that measures the current value of each cell during charging, and controls the switching elements to disconnect any abnormal cells detected based on these measurements from the parallel connection.

特開２０１３－０３８８８４Patent Publication No. 2013-038884

　しかしながら、特許文献１は、スイッチを開く時のスパーク対策が考慮されていないという問題があった。 However, Patent Document 1 had the problem of not considering measures to prevent sparks when the switch is opened.

　本発明は、従来のこのような問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、本発明の目的は、スイッチを開く時のスパーク対策が考慮されている長寿命な複合電池パックを提供することにある。 The present invention was made in consideration of these conventional problems, and its purpose is to provide a long-life combined battery pack that takes into consideration measures to prevent sparks when the switch is opened.

　即ち、本発明の第１実施形態は、複数のリチウムイオン電池を内蔵しバッテリーマネジメントシステムとコンタクタースイッチをそなえた電池パックを複数個備えた複合電池パックであって、複合電池パックが、各電池パックのバッテリーマネジメントシステムから電圧、電流、温度などの電池情報を収集し、その結果に基づきコンタクタースイッチを制御する統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステムを備えるものであり、複合電池パックを充放電する際に、特定の電池パックが、あらかじめ規定してある作動電圧範囲を逸脱した場合に、この特定の電池パックのコンタクタースイッチを開くものであり、このコンタクタースイッチの開時に発生するスパークを回避するために、電池パックに鉛蓄電池パックを並列に接続してコンタクタースイッチを開いた後のコンタクタースイッチ両端の電圧差を最小限にするとともに、コンタクタースイッチの閉時の突入電流を少なくするために、電池パックと鉛蓄電池パックとの電圧差がΔＶ＜Ｉ＊Ｒであり、この時のＩは電池パックが流すことができる最大電流であり、Ｒは電池パックの内部抵抗であるような電圧差の時にコンタクタースイッチを閉じることを特徴とする複合電池パックを提供するものである。 In other words, the first embodiment of the present invention provides a combined battery pack comprising multiple battery packs each incorporating multiple lithium-ion batteries and equipped with a battery management system and a contactor switch. The combined battery pack is equipped with an integrated battery management system that collects battery information such as voltage, current, and temperature from the battery management system of each battery pack and controls the contactor switch based on the results. When the combined battery pack is charged or discharged, if a specific battery pack deviates from a predetermined operating voltage range, the contactor switch of that specific battery pack opens. To avoid sparks from opening when the contactor switch opens, a lead-acid battery pack is connected in parallel to the battery pack to minimize the voltage difference across the contactor switch after opening. Furthermore, to reduce inrush current when the contactor switch closes, the voltage difference between the battery pack and the lead-acid battery pack is ΔV<I*R, where I is the maximum current the battery pack can pass and R is the internal resistance of the battery pack.

　さらに、本発明の第２実施形態は、作動電圧範囲が異なる複数の電池パックを並列に繋いでなる異種電池混合型複合電池パックであって、複数の電池パックのそれぞれは、複数のリチウムイオン電池を直並列して構成された電池パックであり、複数の電池パックのそれぞれは、断続スイッチを備えるものであり、この断続スイッチは、異種電池混合型複合電池パックの電圧が各電池パックの作動電圧範囲内の場合は閉じており、作動電圧範囲以外の電圧では開となるように制御された断続スイッチであり、異種電池混合型複合電池パックは、鉛蓄電池を直並列してなる鉛蓄電池パックを備えるものであり、鉛蓄電池パックは、異種電池混合型複合電池パックの作動最高電圧から作動最低電圧までの電圧範囲で作動する鉛蓄電池パックであるような異種電池混合型複合電池パックを提供するものである。 Furthermore, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a heterogeneous battery combined battery pack formed by connecting in parallel a plurality of battery packs having different operating voltage ranges, each of the plurality of battery packs being a battery pack formed by connecting a plurality of lithium ion batteries in series and parallel, each of the plurality of battery packs being provided with an on-off switch that is controlled to close when the voltage of the heterogeneous battery combined battery pack is within the operating voltage range of each battery pack and to open at voltages outside the operating voltage range, the heterogeneous battery combined battery pack being provided with lead-acid battery packs formed by connecting lead-acid batteries in series and parallel, and the lead-acid battery packs being lead-acid battery packs that operate within a voltage range from the maximum operating voltage to the minimum operating voltage of the heterogeneous battery combined battery pack.

　本発明の複合電池パックによれば、スイッチを開く時のスパーク対策が考慮されているので、長寿命にすることができる。 The combined battery pack of the present invention takes into consideration measures to prevent sparks when the switch is opened, allowing for a long lifespan.

本発明の第１実施形態の複合電池パックを示すブロック図である。1 is a block diagram showing a combined battery pack according to a first embodiment of the present invention; 本発明の第２実施形態の異種電池混合型複合電池パックを示すブロック図である。FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

　以下に、本発明の複合電池パックおよび異種電池混合型複合電池パックを添付の図面に示す好適実施形態に基づいて詳細に説明する。まず、本発明の第１形態の複合電池パックについて詳細に説明する。図１は、本発明の第１実施形態の複合電池パックを示すブロック図である。 Below, the combined battery pack and heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack of the present invention will be described in detail based on preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. First, the combined battery pack of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail. Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the combined battery pack of the first embodiment of the present invention.

　本発明の第１形態の複合電池パック１０は、複数の電池パック１２と統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステム１４と鉛蓄電池パック１６とを備える。複数の電池パック１２のそれぞれは、複数のリチウムイオン電池１２ａを内蔵し、さらに、バッテリーマネジメントシステム１２ｂとコンタクタースイッチ１２ｃとを備える。鉛蓄電池パック１６は、統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステム１４がコンタクタースイッチ１２ｃを開く時に発生するスパークを回避するために、複数の電池パック１２に並列に接続されたものである。 The combined battery pack 10 of the first embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of battery packs 12, an integrated battery management system 14, and a lead-acid battery pack 16. Each of the plurality of battery packs 12 contains a plurality of lithium-ion batteries 12a and further comprises a battery management system 12b and a contactor switch 12c. The lead-acid battery pack 16 is connected in parallel with the plurality of battery packs 12 to avoid sparks that may occur when the integrated battery management system 14 opens the contactor switch 12c.

　統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステム１４は、各電池パック１２のバッテリーマネジメントシステム１２ｂから収集した電圧、電流、温度を含む電池情報に基づいてコンタクタースイッチ１２ｃを制御する。統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステム１４は、複合電池パック１０を充放電する際に、特定の電池パック１２の電圧が、あらかじめ規定してある作動電圧範囲を逸脱した場合に、特定の電池パック１２のコンタクタースイッチ１２ｃを開くように制御する。統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステム１４は、コンタクタースイッチ１２ｃを閉じる時の突入電流を少なくするために、複数の電池パック１２と鉛蓄電池パック１６との電圧差の大きさΔＶが、各電池パック１２が流すことができる最大電流Ｉと各電池パック１２の内部抵抗Ｒとの積の値未満であるような電圧差の大きさの時にコンタクタースイッチ１２ｃを閉じるように制御する。 The integrated battery management system 14 controls the contactor switch 12c based on battery information including voltage, current, and temperature collected from the battery management system 12b of each battery pack 12. When charging or discharging the combined battery pack 10, the integrated battery management system 14 controls the contactor switch 12c of a specific battery pack 12 to open if the voltage of that specific battery pack 12 deviates from a predetermined operating voltage range. In order to reduce the inrush current when the contactor switch 12c is closed, the integrated battery management system 14 controls the contactor switch 12c to close when the voltage difference ΔV between the multiple battery packs 12 and the lead-acid battery pack 16 is less than the product of the maximum current I that each battery pack 12 can pass and the internal resistance R of each battery pack 12.

　複合電池パック１０を構成する複数の電池パック１２は、互いに並列に接続される。電池パック１２を構成する複数のリチウムイオン電池１２ａは、互いに直列に、または互いに並列に、または直列かつ並列に接続される。鉛蓄電池パック１６を構成する複数の鉛蓄電池は、互いに直列に、または互いに並列に、または直列かつ並列に接続される。ここで、リチウムイオン電池とは、リチウムイオン電池セルだけでなく、各電池パックを構成する要素として複数のリチウムイオン電池セルを互いに直列に、または互いに並列に、または直列かつ並列に接続して一体化したリチウムイオン電池モジュールを含む。スパークとは、放電によってコンタクタースイッチ１２ｃのプラス側接点とマイナス側接点との間に生じる火花現象であり、スパークが発生すると接点やその周辺の樹脂部材が劣化したり損傷したりすることがある。作動電圧範囲とは、電池パック１２または鉛蓄電池パック１６の充電および放電が可能な電圧範囲を意味する。 The multiple battery packs 12 that make up the combined battery pack 10 are connected in parallel. The multiple lithium-ion batteries 12a that make up the battery pack 12 are connected in series, in parallel, or in both series and parallel. The multiple lead-acid batteries that make up the lead-acid battery pack 16 are connected in series, in parallel, or in both series and parallel. Here, lithium-ion batteries not only refer to lithium-ion battery cells, but also include lithium-ion battery modules that integrate multiple lithium-ion battery cells connected in series, in parallel, or in both series and parallel as components of each battery pack. A spark is a spark that occurs between the positive and negative contacts of the contactor switch 12c due to discharge. Sparks can deteriorate or damage the contacts and the surrounding plastic materials. The operating voltage range refers to the voltage range within which the battery pack 12 or lead-acid battery pack 16 can be charged and discharged.

　このような構成とすることで、本発明の第１実施形態の複合電池パックは、電池パックに鉛蓄電池パックを並列に接続してコンタクタースイッチを開いた後のコンタクタースイッチ両端の電圧差の大きさを小さくすることによって、スイッチを開く時のスパーク対策が考慮されているので、長寿命にすることができる。また、本発明の第１実施形態の複合電池パックは、スイッチを閉じる時の突入電流対策が考慮されているので、スパークおよび電圧変動を非常に小さくすることができる。
　本発明の第１実施形態の複合電池パックは、基本的に以上のように構成される。 With this configuration, the combined battery pack of the first embodiment of the present invention can have a long life because it takes into consideration measures to prevent sparks when the switch is opened by connecting a lead-acid battery pack in parallel to the battery pack and reducing the voltage difference across the contactor switch after the contactor switch is opened. Also, the combined battery pack of the first embodiment of the present invention takes into consideration measures to prevent inrush current when the switch is closed, so it can greatly reduce sparks and voltage fluctuations.
The combined battery pack of the first embodiment of the present invention is basically configured as described above.

　次に、本発明の第２形態の異種電池混合型複合電池パックについて詳細に説明する。図２は、本発明の第２実施形態の異種電池混合型複合電池パックを示すブロック図である。 Next, a second embodiment of the heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack of the present invention will be described in detail. Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the second embodiment of the heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack of the present invention.

　本発明の第２形態の異種電池混合型複合電池パック２０は、第１電池パック２２と第２電池パック２４と鉛蓄電池パック２６とを備える。第１電池パック２２、第２電池パック２４および鉛蓄電池パック２６は、作動電圧範囲が互いに異なり、互いに並列に接続して構成される。 The second embodiment of the heterogeneous battery mixed combination battery pack 20 of the present invention comprises a first battery pack 22, a second battery pack 24, and a lead-acid battery pack 26. The first battery pack 22, the second battery pack 24, and the lead-acid battery pack 26 have different operating voltage ranges and are connected in parallel to each other.

　第１電池パック２２は、複数の第１リチウムイオン電池２２ａ（例えば、ＮＭＣ）と第１断続スイッチ２２ｂとを備える。複数の第１リチウムイオン電池２２ａは、互いに直並列に接続して構成される。第２電池パック２４は、複数の第２リチウムイオン電池２４ａ（例えば、ＬＦＰ）と第２断続スイッチ２４ｂとを備える。複数の第２リチウムイオン電池２４ａは、互いに直並列に接続して構成される。鉛蓄電池パック２６は、複数の鉛蓄電池２６ａを直並列に接続して構成される。直並列に接続するとは、互いに直列に、または互いに並列に、または直列かつ並列に接続することを意味する。 The first battery pack 22 includes a plurality of first lithium-ion batteries 22a (e.g., NMC) and a first on-off switch 22b. The plurality of first lithium-ion batteries 22a are connected in series and parallel to each other. The second battery pack 24 includes a plurality of second lithium-ion batteries 24a (e.g., LFP) and a second on-off switch 24b. The plurality of second lithium-ion batteries 24a are connected in series and parallel to each other. The lead-acid battery pack 26 includes a plurality of lead-acid batteries 26a connected in series and parallel to each other. "Connected in series and parallel" means connected in series with each other, in parallel with each other, or in series and parallel.

　第１断続スイッチ２２ｂは、異種電池混合型複合電池パック２０の電圧が第１電池パック２２の作動電圧の範囲内の場合には閉じるように制御され、作動電圧の範囲以外の場合には開くように制御される。第２断続スイッチ２４ｂは、異種電池混合型複合電池パック２０の電圧が第２電池パック２４の作動電圧の範囲内の場合には閉じるように制御され、作動電圧の範囲以外の場合には開くように制御される。鉛蓄電池パック２６は、異種電池混合型複合電池パック２０の最も高い作動電圧から最も低い作動電圧までの範囲を包含する作動電圧範囲を持つ。 The first on-off switch 22b is controlled to close when the voltage of the heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack 20 is within the operating voltage range of the first battery pack 22, and is controlled to open when it is outside the operating voltage range. The second on-off switch 24b is controlled to close when the voltage of the heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack 20 is within the operating voltage range of the second battery pack 24, and is controlled to open when it is outside the operating voltage range. The lead-acid battery pack 26 has an operating voltage range that encompasses the range from the highest operating voltage to the lowest operating voltage of the heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack 20.

　第１電池パック２２は、さらに、第１バッテリーマネジメントシステム２２ｃ、統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステム２２ｄおよび第１コンテナ２２ｅを備えるのが好ましい。その場合には、第１バッテリーマネジメントシステム２２ｃは、第１リチウムイオン電池２２ａの電圧、電流、温度を含む電池情報を収集する。統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステム２２ｄは、第１断続スイッチ２２ｂの開閉を制御する。第１コンテナ２２ｅは、第１リチウムイオン電池２２ａ、第１断続スイッチ２２ｂ、第１バッテリーマネジメントシステム２２ｃおよび統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステム２２ｄを内部に収容する。 The first battery pack 22 preferably further includes a first battery management system 22c, an integrated battery management system 22d, and a first container 22e. In this case, the first battery management system 22c collects battery information including the voltage, current, and temperature of the first lithium-ion battery 22a. The integrated battery management system 22d controls the opening and closing of the first intermittent switch 22b. The first container 22e houses the first lithium-ion battery 22a, the first intermittent switch 22b, the first battery management system 22c, and the integrated battery management system 22d inside.

　第２電池パック２４は、さらに、エネルギーマネジメントシステム２４ｃ、パワーコントロールシステム２４ｄおよび第２コンテナ２４ｅを備えるのが好ましい。その場合には、エネルギーマネジメントシステム２４ｃは、第２リチウムイオン電池２４ａの電圧、電流、温度を含む電池情報を収集すると共に、第２断続スイッチ２４ｂの開閉を制御する。パワーコントロールシステム２４ｄは、異種電池混合型複合電池パック２０の直流出力を交流出力に変換する。第２コンテナ２４ｅは、第２リチウムイオン電池２４ａ、第２断続スイッチ２４ｂ、エネルギーマネジメントシステム２４ｃおよびパワーコントロールシステム２４ｄを内部に収容する。 The second battery pack 24 preferably further includes an energy management system 24c, a power control system 24d, and a second container 24e. In this case, the energy management system 24c collects battery information including the voltage, current, and temperature of the second lithium-ion battery 24a, and controls the opening and closing of the second on-off switch 24b. The power control system 24d converts the DC output of the heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack 20 into AC output. The second container 24e houses the second lithium-ion battery 24a, the second on-off switch 24b, the energy management system 24c, and the power control system 24d inside.

　鉛蓄電池パック２６は、さらに、第３バッテリーマネジメントシステム２６ｂおよび第３コンテナ２６ｃを備えるのが好ましい。その場合には、第３バッテリーマネジメントシステム２６ｂは、鉛蓄電池２６ａの電圧、電流、温度を含む電池情報を収集する。第３コンテナ２６ｃは、鉛蓄電池２６ａおよび第３バッテリーマネジメントシステム２６ｂを内部に収容する。異種電池混合型複合電池パック２０は、さらに、統合型エネルギーマネジメントシステム２８を備えるのが好ましい。その場合には、統合型エネルギーマネジメントシステム２８は、各リチウムイオン電池および各鉛蓄電池の電池情報を外部に送信しても良く、各断続スイッチの開閉状況を外部に送信しても良い。 The lead-acid battery pack 26 preferably further includes a third battery management system 26b and a third container 26c. In this case, the third battery management system 26b collects battery information including the voltage, current, and temperature of the lead-acid battery 26a. The third container 26c houses the lead-acid battery 26a and the third battery management system 26b therein. The heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack 20 preferably further includes an integrated energy management system 28. In this case, the integrated energy management system 28 may transmit battery information of each lithium-ion battery and each lead-acid battery to the outside, and may also transmit the open/close status of each on-off switch to the outside.

　次に、作動電圧と断続スイッチとの関係について説明する。
　例えば、第１電池パック２２の作動電圧が５２５～６４８Ｖの範囲であり、第２電池パック２４の作動電圧が６３５～７３１Ｖの範囲であるとする。その場合には、異種電池混合型複合電池パック２０の電圧が５２５Ｖ未満の場合には、第１断続スイッチ２２ｂおよび第２断続スイッチ２４ｂは共に開く。また、５２５～６３５Ｖの場合には、第１断続スイッチ２２ｂが閉じ、第２断続スイッチ２４ｂが開く。また、６３５～６４８Ｖの場合には、第１断続スイッチ２２ｂおよび第２断続スイッチ２４ｂは共に閉じる。また、６４８～７３１Ｖの場合には、第１断続スイッチ２２ｂが開き、第２断続スイッチ２４ｂが閉じる。また、７３１Ｖ以上の場合には、第１断続スイッチ２２ｂおよび第２断続スイッチ２４ｂは共に開く。そして、鉛蓄電池パック２６の作動電圧が５２５～７３１Ｖを包含する範囲になるように直列接続数を設定する。なお、上記説明においてＡ～ＢＶとは、Ａボルト以上Ｂボルト未満の電圧範囲を意味する。 Next, the relationship between the operating voltage and the on-off switch will be described.
For example, suppose the operating voltage of the first battery pack 22 is in the range of 525 to 648 V, and the operating voltage of the second battery pack 24 is in the range of 635 to 731 V. In this case, when the voltage of the heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack 20 is less than 525 V, both the first on-off switch 22b and the second on-off switch 24b are open. When the voltage is 525 to 635 V, the first on-off switch 22b is closed and the second on-off switch 24b is open. When the voltage is 635 to 648 V, both the first on-off switch 22b and the second on-off switch 24b are closed. When the voltage is 648 to 731 V, the first on-off switch 22b is open and the second on-off switch 24b is closed. When the voltage is 731 V or higher, both the first on-off switch 22b and the second on-off switch 24b are open. The number of series connections is set so that the operating voltage of the lead-acid battery pack 26 falls within a range including 525 to 731 V. In the above description, A to BV means a voltage range equal to or greater than A volts and less than B volts.

　このような構成とすることで、本発明の第２実施形態の異種電池混合型複合電池パックは、第１電池パックおよび第２電池パックに鉛蓄電池パックを並列に接続して第１断続スイッチおよび第２断続スイッチの少なくとも一方を開いた後のその断続スイッチ両端の電圧差の大きさを小さくすることによって、スイッチを開く時のスパーク対策が考慮されているので、長寿命にすることができる。また、本発明の第２実施形態の異種電池混合型複合電池パックは、作動電圧範囲が互いに異なる複数の電池パックを互いに並列に接続して構成されるので、非常に広い電圧範囲で作動することができる。
　本発明の第２実施形態の異種電池混合型複合電池パックは、基本的に以上のように構成される。 With this configuration, the heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack of the second embodiment of the present invention has a lead-acid battery pack connected in parallel to the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and by reducing the magnitude of the voltage difference across at least one of the first and second intermittent switches after opening the switch, measures against sparks when the switches are opened are taken into consideration, thereby achieving a long life. Also, since the heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack of the second embodiment of the present invention is configured by connecting multiple battery packs with different operating voltage ranges in parallel, it can operate over an extremely wide voltage range.
The heterogeneous battery mixed type combined battery pack according to the second embodiment of the present invention is basically configured as described above.

　以上、本発明の複合電池パックおよび異種電池混合型複合電池パックについて詳細に説明したが、本発明は上記記載に限定されず、本発明の主旨を逸脱しない範囲において、種々の改良や変更をしても良いのはもちろんである。 The combined battery pack and heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above description, and various improvements and modifications may of course be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

　本発明の複合電池パックおよび異種電池混合型複合電池パックは、スイッチを開く時のスパーク対策が考慮されているので、長寿命にすることができるという効果があるので、産業上有用である。 The combined battery pack and heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack of the present invention are designed to prevent sparks when the switch is opened, which has the effect of extending their lifespan and making them industrially useful.

　１０　複合電池パック
　１２　電池パック
　１２ａ　リチウムイオン電池
　１２ｂ　バッテリーマネジメントシステム
　１２ｃ　コンタクタースイッチ
　１４　統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステム
　１６　鉛蓄電池パック
　２０　異種電池混合型複合電池パック
　２２　第１電池パック
　２２ａ　第１リチウムイオン電池
　２２ｂ　第１断続スイッチ
　２２ｃ　第１バッテリーマネジメントシステム
　２２ｄ　統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステム
　２２ｅ　第１コンテナ
　２４　第２電池パック
　２４ａ　第２リチウムイオン電池
　２４ｂ　第２断続スイッチ
　２４ｃ　エネルギーマネジメントシステム
　２４ｄ　パワーコントロールシステム
　２４ｅ　第２コンテナ
　２６　鉛蓄電池パック
　２６ａ　鉛蓄電池
　２６ｂ　第３バッテリーマネジメントシステム
　２６ｃ　第３コンテナ
　２８　統合型エネルギーマネジメントシステム REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 Combined battery pack 12 Battery pack 12a Lithium ion battery 12b Battery management system 12c Contactor switch 14 Integrated battery management system 16 Lead acid battery pack 20 Heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack 22 First battery pack 22a First lithium ion battery 22b First interrupter switch 22c First battery management system 22d Integrated battery management system 22e First container 24 Second battery pack 24a Second lithium ion battery 24b Second interrupter switch 24c Energy management system 24d Power control system 24e Second container 26 Lead acid battery pack 26a Lead acid battery 26b Third battery management system 26c Third container 28 Integrated energy management system

Claims (2)

　複数のリチウムイオン電池を内蔵しバッテリーマネジメントシステムとコンタクタースイッチをそなえた電池パックを複数個備えた複合電池パックであって、
　前記複合電池パックが、各電池パックのバッテリーマネジメントシステムから電圧、電流、温度などの電池情報を収集し、その結果に基づきコンタクタースイッチを制御する統合型バッテリーマネジメントシステムを備えるものであり、
　前記複合電池パックを充放電する際に、特定の電池パックが、あらかじめ規定してある作動電圧範囲を逸脱した場合に、この特定の電池パックのコンタクタースイッチを開くものであり、
　このコンタクタースイッチの開時に発生するスパークを回避するために、前記電池パックに鉛蓄電池パックを並列に接続してコンタクタースイッチを開いた後のコンタクタースイッチ両端の電圧差を最小限にするとともに、コンタクタースイッチの閉時の突入電流を少なくするために、前記電池パックと前記鉛蓄電池パックとの電圧差がΔＶ＜Ｉ＊Ｒであり、この時のＩは前記電池パックが流すことができる最大電流であり、Ｒは前記電池パックの内部抵抗であるような電圧差の時にコンタクタースイッチを閉じることを特徴とする複合電池パック。 A composite battery pack including a plurality of battery packs each having a plurality of built-in lithium ion batteries and each having a battery management system and a contactor switch,
the combined battery pack includes an integrated battery management system that collects battery information such as voltage, current, and temperature from the battery management system of each battery pack and controls the contactor switch based on the collected information;
When the combined battery pack is charged or discharged, if a specific battery pack deviates from a predetermined operating voltage range, the contactor switch of the specific battery pack is opened;
In order to avoid sparks occurring when the contactor switch is opened, a lead-acid battery pack is connected in parallel to the battery pack, and the voltage difference across the contactor switch after the contactor switch is opened is minimized. In addition, in order to reduce inrush current when the contactor switch is closed, the combined battery pack is characterized in that the voltage difference between the battery pack and the lead-acid battery pack is ΔV<I*R, where I is the maximum current that the battery pack can pass and R is the internal resistance of the battery pack. 　作動電圧範囲が異なる複数の電池パックを並列に繋いでなる異種電池混合型複合電池パックであって、
　前記複数の電池パックのそれぞれは、複数のリチウムイオン電池を直並列して構成された電池パックであり、
　前記複数の電池パックのそれぞれは、断続スイッチを備えるものであり、
　この断続スイッチは、異種電池混合型複合電池パックの電圧が各電池パックの作動電圧範囲内の場合は閉じており、作動電圧範囲以外の電圧では開となるように制御された断続スイッチであり、
　前記異種電池混合型複合電池パックは、鉛蓄電池を直並列してなる鉛蓄電池パックを備えるものであり、
　前記鉛蓄電池パックは、異種電池混合型複合電池パックの作動最高電圧から作動最低電圧までの電圧範囲で作動する鉛蓄電池パックであるような異種電池混合型複合電池パック。 A heterogeneous battery mixed composite battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of battery packs having different operating voltage ranges in parallel,
each of the plurality of battery packs is a battery pack configured with a plurality of lithium ion batteries connected in series and parallel,
Each of the plurality of battery packs includes an on-off switch;
The intermittent switch is controlled so as to be closed when the voltage of the heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack is within the operating voltage range of each battery pack, and to be open when the voltage is outside the operating voltage range,
The heterogeneous battery mixed composite battery pack includes a lead-acid battery pack formed by connecting lead-acid batteries in series and parallel,
The heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack is a lead-acid battery pack that operates within a voltage range from the highest operating voltage to the lowest operating voltage of the heterogeneous battery mixed combined battery pack.
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