WO2025241668A1 - Communication method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided in the present application is a communication method, which is executed by a sending end. The method comprises: on the basis of a first modulation solution, modulating a first bit stream to obtain a first data signal; on the basis of a second modulation solution, modulating a second bit stream to obtain a second data signal; and sending a reference signal and the second data signal, the reference signal comprising the first data signal and a DMRS sequence, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence being located in different frequency domain resources, the reference signal and the second data signal being located in different time domain resources, and the order of the first modulation solution being lower than the order of the second modulation solution. In a frequency division multiplexing mode of the DMRS sequence and data, the technical solution can ensure that the PAPR of the reference signal is not lower than the PAPR of the second data signal.

Description

Communication methods and devices

This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410637548.0, filed on May 21, 2024, entitled "Communication Method and Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

This application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a communication method and apparatus.

Background Technology

The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) and the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) are used to transmit downlink and uplink data, respectively. In Long Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR), the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) is used for channel estimation during data symbol demodulation in the PDSCH or PUSCH.

In LTE and NR, DMRS designs can be divided into two types based on the frequency domain resources occupied by the DMRS: Type 1 and Type 2. Both Type 1 and Type 2 occupy only a portion of the subcarriers within a resource block (RB). Simultaneously, the occupied subcarriers undergo a power boost, while the unoccupied subcarriers remain idle. For example, in Type 1, only 6 subcarriers within one RB are used to place the DMRS, while 6 subcarriers remain idle. Furthermore, each of the 6 occupied subcarriers undergoes a 3dB power boost. Existing technologies propose that the unoccupied subcarriers are no longer left idle but instead transmit single-carrier data (i.e., the frequency domain data is placed as the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) result of, for example, a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) symbol sequence). In other words, the DMRS sequence also carries data, and both the DMRS sequence and data are frequency-division multiplexed. The advantage of this approach is that it improves spectral efficiency and reduces demodulation latency. For example, previously in NR, DMRS symbols and data symbols were time-division multiplexed, requiring both symbols (one DMRS symbol and one data symbol) to be received before data demodulation could begin. Now, data demodulation can begin after only the DMRS symbol has been received.

Taking a single-symbol type 1 DMRS design as an example, Figure 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of frequency division multiplexing of the DMRS sequence and data within a DMRS symbol. As shown in Figure 1, the subcarriers corresponding to even-numbered indices within a RB are used to carry the DMRS sequence; for example, subcarriers 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 are used to carry the DMRS sequence. The subcarriers corresponding to odd-numbered indices are used to transmit data; for example, subcarriers 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 are used to transmit data. However, in the frequency division multiplexing of the DMRS sequence and data, the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of the DMRS symbol may be degraded, resulting in a higher PAPR for the DMRS symbol than for the data symbol.

Summary of the Invention

This application provides a communication method that ensures that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and data are frequency-division multiplexed.

In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which is executed by a sending end. Unless otherwise specified, the term "sending end" in this application may refer to the sending end itself, a component in the sending end (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the sending end.

The method includes: modulating a first bitstream based on a first modulation scheme to obtain a first data signal; modulating a second bitstream based on a second modulation scheme to obtain a second data signal; transmitting a reference signal and the second data signal, wherein the reference signal includes the first data signal and a DMRS sequence, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are located in different frequency domain resources, and the reference signal and the second data signal are located in different time domain resources; wherein the order of the first modulation scheme is lower than the order of the second modulation scheme.

It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the reference signal can also be referred to as a DMRS symbol, wherein the DMRS symbol carries a DMRS sequence and a first data signal, and the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are located in the DMRS symbol in a frequency division multiplexing manner. A data symbol refers to a symbol that carries data; that is, in this application, a data symbol refers to a symbol that carries a second data signal, which will not be elaborated further below.

It should also be understood that the DMRS symbols in the embodiments of this application are different from the DMRS symbols in existing NR. Specifically, in existing NR, the DMRS symbols only carry the DMRS sequence, while the DMRS symbols in the embodiments of this application carry both the DMRS sequence and the first data signal. In other words, the DMRS symbols in the embodiments of this application can be considered as time-domain symbols multiplexed from the DMRS sequence and the first data signal.

In the technical solution of this application, by constraining the order of the first modulation scheme to be lower than the order of the second modulation scheme, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency divided multiplexed.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) column, and the root of the ZC sequence is one of the first root sets. Based on the above technical solution, the transmitting end generates the DMRS sequence based on the root in the first root set, thereby ensuring that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first root set is related to the length of the ZC sequence.

It should be understood that the length of the ZC sequence is related to the length of the DMRS sequence, which in turn is related to the transmission bandwidth. Therefore, the root values included in the first root set will also change with the transmission bandwidth. Based on the above technical solution, it can be ensured that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol under different transmission bandwidths.

It should also be understood that the word "related" mentioned above can also be replaced with "related" or "associated," etc., which will not be elaborated further below.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on a Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence. Based on the above technical solution, the DMRS sequence generated by the transmitting end based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence can ensure that, in the frequency division multiplexing method used between the DMRS sequence and the first data signal, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on a Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence, including: generating the DMRS sequence based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence when the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to a first threshold. Based on the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the reference signal further includes a first signal occupying a first reserved subcarrier, the second data signal further includes a second signal occupying a second reserved subcarrier, and the number of the first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of the second reserved subcarriers.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the number of second reserved subcarriers is 0, and the number of first reserved subcarriers is a positive integer greater than 0. That is to say, the second data signal does not carry the second signal.

It should be understood that the first and second signals can also be referred to as reserved signals, and this application does not limit this.

In this embodiment, the first reserved subcarrier carries a first signal, which reduces the PAPR of the reference signal, while the second subcarrier carries a second signal, which reduces the PAPR of the second data signal. Since the number of first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of second reserved subcarriers, meaning the reference signal has more reserved subcarriers than the second data signal, the PAPR of the reference signal is reduced more significantly. Therefore, based on the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal occupy different bandwidths.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first bandwidth spreading factor is greater than or equal to the second bandwidth spreading factor, wherein the first bandwidth spreading factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the first signal included in the reference signal to the bandwidth occupied by the reference signal itself, and the second bandwidth spreading factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the second signal included in the second data signal to the bandwidth occupied by the second data signal itself. Based on the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first reserved subcarrier and the DMRS sequence are located on different subcarriers, wherein the first reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal; and/or, the first reserved subcarrier is uniformly placed on the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal. Based on the above technical solution, the signaling overhead for notifying the location of the frequency domain resources occupied by the first reserved subcarrier can be reduced, or the signaling design for notifying the location of the frequency domain resources occupied by the first reserved subcarrier can be simplified.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal; and/or, the second reserved subcarrier is evenly distributed on the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal. Based on the above technical solution, the signaling overhead for notifying the location of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second reserved subcarrier can be reduced, or the signaling design for notifying the location of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second reserved subcarrier can be simplified.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, before transmitting the reference signal and the second data signal, the method further includes performing frequency-domain pulse shaping (FDSS) processing on the reference signal and the second data signal. Based on the above technical solution, the PAPR of the reference signal and the second data signal can be reduced.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, FDSS processing of the reference signal and the second data signal includes: the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal are different. In the technical solution of this application, it is assumed that the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is window function 1, and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal is window function 2. Furthermore, the selection of window function 1 and window function 2 is such that, in the frequency division multiplexing (FDMRS) method between the DMRS sequence and the first data signal, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, FDSS processing is performed on the reference signal and the second data signal, including: the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal. Based on the above technical solution, by constraining the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal to be greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the energy per resource element (EPRE) of the first data signal is lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

In this context, the EPRE of the first data signal refers to the energy of each resource element (RE) carrying (or bearing) the first data signal, while the EPRE of the DMRS sequence refers to the energy of each RE carrying (or bearing) the DMRS sequence. For simplicity, these details will not be elaborated further below.

It should be understood that the EPRE of the first data signal being lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence can also be described as the ratio between the EPRE of the first data signal and the EPRE of the DMRS sequence being less than 1.

According to the above technical solution, when the order of the modulation scheme of the first data signal is lower than the order of the modulation scheme of the second data signal, further constraining the EPRE of the first data signal to be lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence can ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol (the time-domain symbol multiplexed by the DMRS sequence and the first data signal) is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol (the time-domain symbol of the second data signal).

In conjunction with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the reference signal includes the first data signal and DMRS, including: when the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the reference signal includes the first data signal and DMRS.

It should be understood that this application does not impose any restrictions on the value of the second threshold. For example, the second threshold can be 1, or the second threshold can be 2.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the reference signal includes a first data signal and DMRS, and further includes: receiving indication information for indicating that the reference signal includes the first data signal.

In conjunction with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to the same codeword; or, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to different codewords.

Secondly, a communication method is provided, which is executed by a receiving end. Unless otherwise specified, the term "receiving end" in this application can refer to the receiving end itself (e.g., a session management function (SMF) network element, an access and mobility management function (AMF) network element, etc.), a component within the receiving end (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system, etc.), or a logical module or software capable of implementing all or part of the receiving end's functions. It should be understood that this application does not limit the names of the aforementioned network elements; for example, an access and mobility management function network element can also be called a mobility management function network element.

The method includes: receiving a reference signal and a second data signal, the reference signal including a first data signal and a DMRS sequence, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence being located in different frequency domain resources, and the reference signal and the second data signal being located in different time domain resources; wherein the first data signal is obtained by modulating a first bit stream based on a first modulation scheme, and the second data signal is obtained by modulating a second bit stream based on a second modulation scheme, the order of the first modulation scheme being lower than the order of the second modulation scheme.

The beneficial effects of the second aspect and its implementation can be found in the beneficial effects of the first aspect and its implementation, which will not be elaborated here.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the ZC sequence, and the root of the ZC sequence is one of the first root sets.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first root set is related to the length of the ZC sequence.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence, including: when the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reference signal includes a first signal that occupies a first reserved subcarrier.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reference signal further includes a first signal that occupies a first reserved subcarrier, and the second data signal further includes a second signal that occupies a second reserved subcarrier, wherein the number of the first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of the second reserved subcarriers.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the number of second reserved subcarriers is 0, and the number of first reserved subcarriers is a positive integer greater than 0. That is to say, the second data signal does not carry the second signal.

It should be understood that the first and second signals can also be referred to as reserved signals, and this application does not limit this.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first reserved subcarrier and the DMRS sequence are located on different subcarriers, wherein the first reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal; and/or, the first reserved subcarrier is uniformly placed on the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the second reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal; and/or, the second reserved subcarrier is evenly placed on the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal are processed by FDSS.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal undergo FDSS processing, including: the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal are different. In the technical solution of this application, it is assumed that the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is window function 1, and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal is window function 2. Moreover, the selection of window function 1 and window function 2 is such that, in the frequency division multiplexing method of DMRS sequence and first data signal, the PAPR of DMRS symbol is not higher than that of data symbol.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal undergo FDSS processing, including: the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the EPRE of the first data signal is lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reference signal includes the first data signal and the DMRS sequence, including: when the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the reference signal includes the first data signal and the DMRS sequence.

It should be understood that this application does not impose any restrictions on the value of the second threshold. For example, the second threshold can be 1, or the second threshold can be 2.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the method further includes: sending indication information for indicating that the reference signal includes the first data signal.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to the same codeword; or, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to different codewords.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal occupy different bandwidths.

In conjunction with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first bandwidth expansion factor is greater than or equal to the second bandwidth expansion factor, wherein the first bandwidth expansion factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the first signal included in the reference signal to the bandwidth occupied by the reference signal, and the second bandwidth expansion factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the second signal included in the second data signal to the bandwidth occupied by the second data signal.

Thirdly, a communication method is provided, which is executed by a sending end. Unless otherwise specified, the term "sending end" in this application may refer to the sending end itself, a component in the sending end (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the sending end.

The method includes: generating a reference signal, the reference signal including a first data signal and a DMRS sequence, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence being located in different frequency domain resources; transmitting the reference signal and a second data signal, the reference signal and the second data signal being located in different time domain resources; wherein the DMRS sequence is generated based on a ZC sequence, and the root of the ZC sequence is one of a first set of roots, or, if the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the DMRS sequence is generated based on a Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence.

In the technical solution of this application, the transmitting end generates a DMRS sequence based on the roots in the first root set, or the transmitting end generates a DMRS sequence based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence, which can make the PAPR of the DMRS sequence low. Thus, in the frequency division multiplexing of the DMRS sequence and the first data signal, it can be ensured that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the first root set is related to the length of the ZC sequence.

It should be understood that the length of the ZC sequence is related to the length of the DMRS sequence, which in turn is related to the transmission bandwidth. Therefore, the root values included in the first root set will also change with the transmission bandwidth. Based on the above technical solution, it can be ensured that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol under different transmission bandwidths.

It should also be understood that the word "related" in the preceding text can be replaced with "related" or "associated," etc., which will not be elaborated on further below.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the reference signal further includes a first signal that occupies a first reserved subcarrier, and the second data signal further includes a second signal that occupies a second reserved subcarrier, wherein the number of the first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of the second reserved subcarriers.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the number of second reserved subcarriers is 0, and the number of first reserved subcarriers is a positive integer greater than 0. That is to say, the second data signal does not carry the second signal.

It should be understood that the first and second signals can also be referred to as reserved signals, and this application does not limit this.

In this embodiment, the first reserved subcarrier carries a first signal, which reduces the PAPR of the reference signal, while the second subcarrier carries a second signal, which reduces the PAPR of the second data signal. Since the number of first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of second reserved subcarriers, meaning the reference signal has more reserved subcarriers than the second data signal, the PAPR of the reference signal is reduced more significantly. Therefore, based on the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the first reserved subcarrier and the DMRS are located on different subcarriers, wherein the first reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal; and/or, the first reserved subcarrier is evenly distributed on the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal. Based on the above technical solution, the signaling overhead for notifying the location of the frequency domain resources occupied by the first reserved subcarrier can be reduced, or the signaling design for notifying the location of the frequency domain resources occupied by the first reserved subcarrier can be simplified.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the second reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal; and/or, the second reserved subcarrier is evenly distributed on the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal. Based on the above technical solution, the signaling overhead for notifying the location of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second reserved subcarrier can be reduced, or the signaling design for notifying the location of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second reserved subcarrier can be simplified.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, before transmitting the reference signal and the second data signal, the method further includes performing FDSS processing on the reference signal and the second data signal. Based on the above technical solution, the PAPR of the reference signal and the second data signal can be reduced.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, FDSS processing is performed on the reference signal and the second data signal, including: the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal are different. In the technical solution of this application, it is assumed that the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is window function 1, and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal is window function 2. Moreover, the selection of window function 1 and window function 2 is such that, in the frequency division multiplexing of the DMRS sequence and the first data signal, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, FDSS processing is performed on the reference signal and the second data signal, including: the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal. Based on the above technical solution, by constraining the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal to be greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are used in frequency division multiplexing.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the first data signal is obtained by modulating a first bitstream based on a first modulation scheme, and the second data signal is obtained by modulating a second bitstream based on a second modulation scheme, wherein the order of the first modulation scheme is lower than the order of the second modulation scheme. Based on the above technical solution, by constraining the order of the first modulation scheme to be lower than the order of the second modulation scheme, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the EPRE of the first data signal is lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence. According to the above technical solution, when the order of the modulation scheme (first modulation scheme) of the first data signal is lower than the order of the modulation scheme (second modulation scheme) of the second data signal, the lower EPRE of the first data signal compared to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence ensures that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol (the time-domain symbol multiplexed by the DMRS sequence and the first data signal) is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol (the time-domain symbol of the second data signal).

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the reference signal includes the first data signal and the DMRS, including: when the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the reference signal includes the first data signal and the DMRS sequence.

It should be understood that this application does not impose any restrictions on the value of the second threshold. For example, the second threshold can be 1, or the second threshold can be 2.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the reference signal includes a first signal and a DMRS sequence, and further includes: receiving indication information for indicating that the reference signal includes the first data signal.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to the same codeword; or, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to different codewords.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal occupy different bandwidths.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the first bandwidth spreading factor is greater than or equal to the second bandwidth spreading factor. The first bandwidth spreading factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the first signal included in the reference signal to the bandwidth occupied by the reference signal itself, and the second bandwidth spreading factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the second signal included in the second data signal to the bandwidth occupied by the second data signal itself. Based on the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

Fourthly, a communication method is provided, which is executed by a receiving end. Unless otherwise specified, the term "receiving end" in this application may refer to the receiving end itself (e.g., SMF network element, AMF network element, etc.), a component in the receiving end (e.g., processor, chip, or chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the receiving end.

The method includes: receiving a reference signal and a second data signal, the reference signal including a first data signal and a DMRS sequence, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence being located in different frequency domain resources; the reference signal and the second data signal being located in different time domain resources; wherein the DMRS sequence is generated based on a ZC sequence, and the root of the ZC sequence is one of a first set of roots, or, if the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal is greater than or equal to a first threshold, the DMRS sequence is generated based on a Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence.

The beneficial effects of the fourth aspect and its implementation can be found in the beneficial effects of the third aspect and its implementation, which will not be elaborated here.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the first root set is related to the length of the ZC sequence.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the reference signal includes a first signal that occupies a first reserved subcarrier.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the reference signal further includes a first signal that occupies a first reserved subcarrier, the second data signal further includes a second signal that occupies a second reserved subcarrier, and the number of the first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of the second reserved subcarriers.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the number of second reserved subcarriers is 0, and the number of first reserved subcarriers is a positive integer greater than 0. That is to say, the second data signal does not carry the second signal.

It should be understood that the first and second signals can also be referred to as reserved signals, and this application does not limit this.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the first reserved subcarrier and the DMRS are located on different subcarriers, wherein the first reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal; and/or, the first reserved subcarrier is uniformly placed on the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the second reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal; and/or, the second reserved subcarrier is evenly placed on the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the method further includes performing FDSS processing on the reference signal and the second data signal before transmitting the reference signal and the second data signal.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, FDSS processing is performed on the reference signal and the second data signal, including: the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is different from the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, FDSS processing is performed on the reference signal and the second data signal, including: the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the first data signal is obtained by modulating the first bit stream based on the first modulation scheme, and the second data signal is obtained by modulating the second bit stream based on the second modulation scheme, wherein the order of the first modulation scheme is lower than the order of the second modulation scheme.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the EPRE of the first data signal is lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the reference signal includes the first data signal and the DMRS sequence, including: when the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the reference signal includes the first data signal and the DMRS sequence.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the reference signal includes a first signal and a DMRS sequence, and further includes: receiving indication information for indicating that the reference signal includes the first data signal.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to the same codeword; or, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to different codewords.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal occupy different bandwidths.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in some implementations of the fourth aspect, the first bandwidth expansion factor is greater than or equal to the second bandwidth expansion factor, wherein the first bandwidth expansion factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the first signal included in the reference signal to the bandwidth occupied by the reference signal, and the second bandwidth expansion factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the second signal included in the second data signal to the bandwidth occupied by the second data signal.

Fifthly, a communication method is provided, which is executed by a sending end. Unless otherwise specified, the term "sending end" in this application may refer to the sending end itself, a component in the sending end (e.g., a processor, chip, or chip system), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the sending end.

The method includes: generating a reference signal, the reference signal including a first data signal and a DMRS sequence, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence being located in different frequency domain resources; transmitting the reference signal and a second data signal, the reference signal and the second data signal being located in different time domain resources; wherein the reference signal further includes a first signal occupying a first reserved subcarrier, the second data signal further includes a second signal occupying a second reserved subcarrier, the number of the first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of the second reserved subcarriers, and/or, the reference signal and the second data signal have undergone FDSS processing.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the number of second reserved subcarriers is 0, and the number of first reserved subcarriers is a positive integer greater than 0. That is to say, the second data signal does not carry the second signal.

It should be understood that the first and second signals can also be referred to as reserved signals, and this application does not limit this.

In the technical solution of this application, the first reserved subcarrier carries the first signal, which reduces the PAPR of the reference signal, while the second subcarrier carries the second signal, which reduces the PAPR of the second data signal. Since the number of first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of second reserved subcarriers, meaning that the reference signal has more reserved subcarriers than the second data signal, the PAPR of the reference signal is reduced more significantly. Furthermore, FDSS processing of the reference signal and the second data signal can reduce their PAPRs. Therefore, based on the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the first reserved subcarrier and the DMRS sequence are located on different subcarriers, wherein the first reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal; and/or, the first reserved subcarrier is evenly distributed on the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal. Based on the above technical solution, the signaling overhead for notifying the location of the frequency domain resources occupied by the first reserved subcarrier can be reduced, or the signaling design for notifying the location of the frequency domain resources occupied by the first reserved subcarrier can be simplified.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the second reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency resource occupied by the second data signal; and/or, the second reserved subcarrier is evenly distributed on the frequency domain resource occupied by the second data signal. Based on the above technical solution, the signaling overhead for notifying the location of the frequency domain resource occupied by the second reserved subcarrier can be reduced, or the signaling design for notifying the location of the frequency domain resource occupied by the second reserved subcarrier can be simplified.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal undergo FDSS processing, including: the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal are different. In the technical solution of this application, it is assumed that the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is window function 1, and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal is window function 2, and the selection of window function 1 and window function 2 is such that, in the frequency division multiplexing method of DMRS sequence and first data signal, the PAPR of DMRS symbol is not higher than that of data symbol.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal are signals that have undergone FDSS processing, including: the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal. Based on the above technical solution, by constraining the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal to be greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are used in frequency division multiplexing.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the ZC column, and the root of the ZC sequence is one of the first root sets. Based on the above technical solution, the transmitting end generates the DMRS sequence based on the root in the first root set, thereby ensuring that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the first root set is related to the length of the ZC sequence.

It should be understood that the length of the ZC sequence is related to the length of the DMRS sequence, which in turn is related to the transmission bandwidth. Therefore, the root values included in the first root set will also change with the transmission bandwidth. Based on the above technical solution, it can be ensured that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol under different transmission bandwidths.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence. Based on the above technical solution, the DMRS sequence generated by the transmitting end based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence can ensure that, in the frequency division multiplexing method used between the DMRS sequence and the first data signal, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence, including: generating the DMRS sequence based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence when the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal is greater than or equal to a first threshold. Based on the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the first data signal is obtained by modulating a first bitstream based on a first modulation scheme, and the second data signal is obtained by modulating a second bitstream based on a second modulation scheme, wherein the order of the first modulation scheme is lower than the order of the second modulation scheme. Based on the above technical solution, by constraining the order of the first modulation scheme to be lower than the order of the second modulation scheme, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the EPRE of the first data signal is lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence. According to the above technical solution, when the order of the modulation scheme (first modulation scheme) of the first data signal is lower than the order of the modulation scheme (second modulation scheme) of the second data signal, further constraining the EPRE of the first data signal to be lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence ensures that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol (the time-domain symbol multiplexed by the DMRS sequence and the first data signal) is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol (the time-domain symbol of the second data signal).

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the reference signal includes the first data signal and the DMRS sequence, including: when the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the reference signal includes the first data signal and the DMRS sequence.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the reference signal includes a first signal and a DMRS sequence, and further includes: receiving indication information for indicating that the reference signal includes the first data signal.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to the same codeword; or, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to different codewords.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal occupy different bandwidths.

In conjunction with the fifth aspect, in some implementations of the fifth aspect, the first bandwidth spreading factor is greater than or equal to the second bandwidth spreading factor, wherein the first bandwidth spreading factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the first signal included in the reference signal to the bandwidth occupied by the reference signal itself, and the second bandwidth spreading factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the second signal included in the second data signal to the bandwidth occupied by the second data signal itself. Based on the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

In a sixth aspect, a communication method is provided, which is executed by a receiving end. Unless otherwise specified, the term "receiving end" in this application may refer to the receiving end itself (e.g., SMF network element, AMF network element, etc.), a component in the receiving end (e.g., processor, chip, or chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the receiving end.

The method includes: receiving a reference signal and a second data signal, the reference signal including a first data signal and a DMRS sequence, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence being located in different frequency domain resources, and the reference signal and the second data signal being located in different time domain resources; wherein the reference signal further includes a first signal occupying a first reserved subcarrier, the second data signal further includes a second signal occupying a second reserved subcarrier, the number of the first reserved subcarriers being greater than the number of the second reserved subcarriers, and/or, the reference signal and the second data signal having undergone FDSS processing.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the number of second reserved subcarriers is 0, and the number of first reserved subcarriers is a positive integer greater than 0. That is to say, the second data signal does not carry the second signal.

It should be understood that the first and second signals can also be referred to as reserved signals, and this application does not limit this.

The beneficial effects of the sixth aspect and its implementation can be found in the benefits of the fifth aspect and its implementation, which will not be elaborated here.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the first reserved subcarrier and the DMRS sequence are located on different subcarriers, wherein the first reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal; and/or, the first reserved subcarrier is uniformly placed on the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the second reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency resource occupied by the second data signal; and/or, the second reserved subcarrier is evenly placed on the frequency domain resource occupied by the second data signal.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal undergo FDSS processing, including: the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is different from the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal are signals that have undergone FDSS processing, including: the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the ZC column, and the root of the ZC sequence is one of the first root sets.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the first root set is related to the length of the ZC sequence.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence, including: generating the DMRS sequence based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence when the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the first data signal is obtained by modulating the first bit stream based on the first modulation scheme, and the second data signal is obtained by modulating the second bit stream based on the second modulation scheme, wherein the order of the first modulation scheme is lower than the order of the second modulation scheme.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the EPRE of the first data signal is lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the reference signal includes the first data signal and the DMRS sequence, including: when the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the reference signal includes the first data signal and the DMRS.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the method further includes: sending indication information for indicating that the reference signal includes the first data signal.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to the same codeword; or, the first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to different codewords.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the reference signal and the second data signal occupy different bandwidths.

In conjunction with the sixth aspect, in some implementations of the sixth aspect, the first bandwidth expansion factor is greater than or equal to the second bandwidth expansion factor, wherein the first bandwidth expansion factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the first signal included in the reference signal to the bandwidth occupied by the reference signal, and the second bandwidth expansion factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the second signal included in the second data signal to the bandwidth occupied by the second data signal.

In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided, including: a transceiver unit, a processing unit, etc.

In conjunction with the seventh aspect, in some implementations of the seventh aspect, the communication device is used to perform a method as described in the first aspect and any implementation thereof, or to perform a method as described in the second aspect and any implementation thereof, or to perform a method as described in the third aspect and any implementation thereof, or to perform a method as described in the fourth aspect and any implementation thereof, or to perform a method as described in the fifth aspect and any implementation thereof, or to perform a method as described in the sixth aspect and any implementation thereof.

Eighthly, a chip is provided, including a processor coupled to a memory for storing a computer program, the processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory to implement the method as described in the first aspect and any implementation thereof, or the processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory to implement the method as described in the second aspect and any implementation thereof, or the processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory to implement the method as described in the third aspect and any implementation thereof, or the processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory to implement the method as described in the fourth aspect and any implementation thereof, or the processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory to implement the method as described in the fifth aspect and any implementation thereof, or the processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory to implement the method as described in the sixth aspect and any implementation thereof.

A ninth aspect provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, cause the method described in the first aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed, or the method described in the second aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed, or the method described in the third aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed, or the method described in the fourth aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed, or the method described in the fifth aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed, or the method described in the sixth aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed.

In a tenth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when run on a computer, causes the method described in the first aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed, or the method described in the second aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed, or the method described in the third aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed, or the method described in the fourth aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed, or the method described in the fifth aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed, or the method described in the sixth aspect and any implementation thereof to be executed.

Eleventhly, a communication system is provided, including a terminal device and a first network element. The terminal device is configured to execute the method of the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and the first network element is configured to execute the method of the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof; or, the terminal device is configured to execute the method of the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and the first network element is configured to execute the method of the fourth aspect and any possible implementation thereof; or, the terminal device is configured to execute the method of the fifth aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and the first network element is configured to execute the method of the sixth aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

For the beneficial effects of aspects seven through eleven, please refer to the beneficial effects of aspects one through six, which will not be elaborated here.

Attached Figure Description

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of DMRS and data frequency division multiplexing within a DMRS symbol.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the communication system applicable to this application.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the processing flow of DFT-s-OFDM technology.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of OFDM/DFT-s-OFDM signal generation with sequence spread and FDSS.

Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 500 provided in an embodiment of this application.

Figure 6 is a comparison of PAPR of the reference signal and the second data signal.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the frequency domain positions of the first reserved subcarrier and the second reserved subcarrier provided in the embodiments of this application.

Figure 8 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 800 provided in another embodiment of this application.

Figure 9 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 900 provided in another embodiment of this application.

Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application.

Figure 11 shows another communication device 1100 provided in an embodiment of this application.

Figure 12 illustrates a chip system 1200 provided in an embodiment of this application.

Detailed Implementation

To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following points will be explained first.

First, in this application, "for indicating" can include both direct and indirect indication. When describing an indication message as indicating A, it can include whether the indication message directly indicates A or indirectly indicates A, but does not necessarily mean that the indication message carries A.

The information indicated by the instruction is called the information to be instructed. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the information to be instructed, such as, but not limited to, directly indicating the information to be instructed, such as the information to be instructed itself or its index. It can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, where there is a relationship between the other information and the information to be instructed. It can also indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while the other parts are known or pre-agreed upon. For example, the instruction of specific information can be achieved by using a pre-agreed (e.g., protocol-defined) arrangement of various pieces of information, thereby reducing instruction overhead to some extent. At the same time, common parts of various pieces of information can be identified and indicated uniformly to reduce the instruction overhead caused by individually indicating the same information.

Second, in this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more (including two). Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, "first," "second," and various numerical designations (e.g., "#1," "#2," etc.) are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The sequence numbers of the processes below do not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the objects described in this way can be interchanged where appropriate to describe solutions other than those in the embodiments of this application. Moreover, in the embodiments of this application, terms such as "S410" are merely identifiers for descriptive convenience and do not limit the order of execution steps.

Third, in the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that they are examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design options. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

Fourth, in the implementation of this application, "protocol" may refer to standard protocols in the field of communications, such as the NR protocol and related protocols applied in future communication systems, and this application does not limit it.

Fifth, in the embodiments of this application, the terms "of", "corresponding (relevant)", "corresponding", and "associate" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when their differences are not emphasized, their intended meanings are consistent.

Sixth, in the embodiments of this application, "under the circumstances" can also be replaced with "when..." or "if...". It should be noted that when the distinction is not emphasized, the meanings they express are the same.

Seventh, the term "and/or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and/or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

In this application, "send" and "receive" indicate the direction of signal transmission. For example, "send information to XX" can be understood as the destination of the information being XX, and "send information" can include direct transmission or indirect transmission through other units or modules. "Receive information from YY" can be understood as the source of the information being YY, and "receive information" can include direct reception from YY or indirect reception from YY through other units or modules. Furthermore, "send" can also be understood as the "output" of a chip interface, and "receive" can be understood as the "input" of a chip interface. In other words, "send" or "receive" can occur between devices, such as network devices and terminal devices transmitting or receiving data via an air interface, or they can occur within a device, such as transmitting or receiving data between components, modules, chips, software modules, or hardware modules within a device via a bus, wiring, or interface.

The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) systems, 5th Generation (5G) systems, or new radio (NR) systems and future communication systems, as well as vehicle-to-X (V2X) systems. V2X can include vehicle to network (V2N), vehicle to vehicle (V2V), vehicle to infrastructure (V2I), vehicle to pedestrian (V2P), long term evolution-vehicle (LTE-V), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), long term evolution-machine (LTE-M), and machine to machine (M2M).

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to this application. As shown in Figure 2, the communication system 100 includes at least one network device, such as network device 111, network device 112, and network device 113 shown in Figure 1. The wireless communication system may also include at least one terminal device, such as terminal device 121, terminal device 122, terminal device 123, terminal device 124, terminal device 125, terminal device 126, and terminal device 127 shown in Figure 1.

For example, network devices and terminal devices can communicate with each other, including but not limited to: multi-site transmission, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) transmission, etc., wherein network devices 112 and 113 as shown in FIG1 can transmit with terminal device 124 through multi-site transmission, and network device 112 as shown in FIG1 can transmit with terminal devices 121, 122 and 123 through eMBB transmission.

For example, network devices can also communicate with each other, including but not limited to: backhaul. As shown in FIG1, network device 111 and network device 112 can communicate through backhaul, and network device 111 and network device 113 can also communicate through backhaul. In this case, network device 112 and network device 113 can act as relay nodes in the system.

For example, terminal devices can also communicate with each other, including but not limited to device-to-device (D2D) transmission. For example, terminal device 122 and terminal device 125 can communicate with each other via D2D transmission as shown in FIG1.

A network device is a network-side device with wireless transceiver capabilities. A network device can be a device in a radio access network (RAN) that provides wireless communication capabilities to terminal devices. A network device can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as a 5G mobile communication system, or a future-oriented evolution system. A network device can also be an open radio access network (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system. For example, the network device can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a next-generation NodeB (gNB) in a 5G mobile communication system, a 3GPP subsequent evolution base station, a transmission reception point (TRP), an access node, a wireless relay node, or a wireless backhaul node in a WiFi system. In communication systems employing different radio access technologies (RATs), the names of devices with base station functions may differ. For example, in LTE systems, they may be called eNB or eNodeB, while in 5G or NR systems, they may be called gNB. This application does not limit the specific name of the base station. Network equipment may include one or more co-located or non-co-located transmitting and receiving points. Furthermore, network equipment may include at least one of the following: one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), and one or more radio units (RUs).

In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an open RAN (ORAN) system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU (open DU), CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules. Exemplarily, the function of CU can be implemented by one entity or different entities. For example, the function of CU can be further divided, that is, the control plane and user plane can be separated and implemented through different entities, namely the control plane CU entity (i.e., the CU-CP entity) and the user plane CU entity (i.e., the CU-UP entity). The CU-CP entity and the CU-UP entity can be coupled with the DU to jointly complete the function of the access network device. For example, the CU (Complex Unit) handles non-real-time protocols and services, implementing the functions of the radio resource control (RRC) and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layers. The DU (Digital Unit) handles physical layer protocols and real-time services, implementing the functions of the radio link control (RLC), media access control (MAC), and physical (PHY) layers. This allows multiple network function entities to implement some of the functions of a wireless access network device. These network function entities can be network elements within hardware devices, software functions running on dedicated hardware, or virtualized functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform). Network devices can also include active antenna units (AAUs). The AAU implements some physical layer processing functions, radio frequency processing, and related functions of the active antenna. Since information from the RRC layer ultimately becomes information from the PHY layer, or is derived from information from the PHY layer, in this architecture, higher-layer signaling, such as RRC layer signaling, can also be considered as being sent by the DU, or by the DU+AAU. It is understood that network devices can be one or more of the following: CU nodes, DU nodes, and AAU nodes. Furthermore, the CU can be classified as a network device in the radio access network (RAN), or it can be classified as a network device in the core network (CN); this application does not limit this. For example, in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology, the access network device can be a roadside unit (RSU). Multiple access network devices in a communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types. Base stations can communicate with terminal devices directly, or they can communicate with terminal devices through relay stations. In this embodiment, the device for implementing the network device function can be the network device itself, or it can be a device that supports the network device in implementing the function, such as a chip system or a combination of devices or components that can implement the access network device function. This device can be installed in the network device. In this embodiment, the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices.

A terminal device is a user-side device with wireless transceiver capabilities. It can be a fixed device, mobile device, handheld device (e.g., mobile phone), wearable device, in-vehicle device, or a wireless device (e.g., communication module, modem, or chip system) built into the aforementioned devices. Terminal devices are used to connect people, objects, and machines, and can be widely used in various scenarios, such as: cellular communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, V2X communication, machine-to-machine/machine-type communications (M2M/MTC) communication, the Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, self-driving, remote medical care, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, drones, and robots. For example, a terminal device can be a handheld terminal in cellular communication, a communication device in D2D, an IoT device in MTC, a surveillance camera in intelligent transportation and smart cities, or a communication device on a drone, etc. Terminal devices are sometimes referred to as user equipment (UE), user terminal, user device, user unit, user station, terminal, access terminal, access station, UE station, remote station, mobile device, or wireless communication device, etc. A terminal device can also be a terminal device in an IoT system. IoT is an important component of future information technology development. Its main technical characteristic is connecting objects to networks through communication technology, thereby realizing an intelligent network of human-machine interconnection and machine-to-machine interconnection. In the embodiments of this application, IoT technology can achieve massive connectivity, deep coverage, and terminal power saving through, for example, narrowband (NB) technology. In the embodiments of this application, the device used to implement the functions of the terminal device can be the terminal device itself, or a device capable of supporting the terminal device to implement the functions, such as a chip system or a combination of devices or components capable of implementing the functions of the terminal device. This device can be installed in the terminal device.

Network devices and terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; and they can also be deployed in the air on airplanes, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the scenario in which the network devices and terminal devices are located.

For example, the communication system 100 may further include an application function (AF) network element, which is a control plane network function provided by the operator network for providing application layer information; the communication system 100 may also include a session management function (SMF) network element, which is a control plane network function provided by the operator network. In this embodiment, when the communication system 100 includes both AF and SMF network elements, the AF can send service-related information to the network device through the SMF.

To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the basic concepts involved in this application will be explained first.

1. Peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR): Wireless signals, observed in the time domain, are sinusoidal waves with constantly varying amplitudes. The peak amplitude within one cycle differs from that in other cycles; therefore, the average power and peak power differ between cycles. Over a relatively long period, the peak power represents the maximum transient power with a certain probability, typically taken as 0.01% (i.e., ^10⁻⁴ ). The ratio of this peak power to the total average power of the system is the PAPR.

PAPR is defined as the ratio of the maximum signal envelope power (P _peak ) to the average power (P _average ), expressed in decibels (dB).

It should be understood that PAPR is a value that measures the degree of envelope undulation of a signal. The larger the PAPR, the greater the degree of envelope undulation.

2. Dangers of Excessively High PAPR: Wireless communication systems require power amplification to transmit signals over long distances. Due to technological and equipment cost limitations, a power amplifier typically operates linearly within a certain range. Exceeding this range leads to signal distortion. Signal distortion may prevent the receiving end from correctly interpreting the signal. To ensure the signal peak remains within the linear range of the power amplifier's amplification capability, the average power of the transmitted signal needs to be reduced. This results in lower power amplifier efficiency, or equivalently, a smaller coverage area.

3. OFDM: A sequence S _{_m} (equal to s_{_m} ) with N _{_d} symbols is mapped to the corresponding subcarriers. Through weighting (i.e., precoding, frequency windowing, power control, etc.), an inverse Fourier transform is performed to obtain the time-domain signal x_{_m}. A cyclic prefix can be optionally added. Because the OFDM signal on a given carrier is represented by a sinc function, there will be trailing signals on both sides. The trailing signals from multiple carriers may, with a certain probability, superimpose at a distance to form a point with very high peak power. In other words, using OFDM waveforms can easily cause excessively high PAPR (PAR).

Therefore, in order to meet coverage requirements, it is often necessary to choose a signal generation technology with low PAPR.

4. Single-carrier: To reduce the PAPR of OFDM waveforms, single-carrier waveforms can be used to transmit data. A single-carrier approach can be understood as follows: An _Nd- point Fourier transform is performed on a sequence _Sm with _Nd symbols to obtain the frequency domain signal _Sm . This is then mapped to the corresponding subcarrier, weighted (i.e., precoding, frequency domain windowing, power control, etc.), and subjected to an inverse Fourier transform to obtain the time domain signal _Xm . Finally, a cyclic prefix is optionally added. Single-carrier waveforms include, but are not limited to, the following:

Single-carrier-quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-QAM) waveforms, single-carrier-offset quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-OQAM) waveforms, DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, etc. In the embodiments of this application, network devices and terminal devices can communicate using the single carrier described above.

This application mainly involves DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, and the DFT-s-OFDM technology is introduced below.

5. DFT-s-OFDM: A single-carrier technology based on OFDM waveforms. Under the same power amplifier conditions, DFT-s-OFDM waveforms can provide greater output power and higher power amplifier efficiency compared to the aforementioned OFDM waveforms, thereby improving coverage and reducing power consumption. In some embodiments, the DFT-s-OFDM signal is at least one of the following signals: DFT-s-OFDM with FDSS (frequency-domain spectral shaping), a DFT-s-OFDM signal carrying real-virtual separation, a DFT-s-OFDM signal carrying a pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) constellation, a DFT-s-OFDM signal with a additive filter carrying real-virtual separation, a DFT-s-OFDM signal carrying a PAM constellation additive filter, and an SC-OQAM signal.

DFT-s-OFDM waveforms can be used for uplink transmission, but in high-frequency communication, due to device limitations, PAPR (Packet Reduction and Propagation) issues are more severe. Therefore, DFT-s-OFDM waveforms can also be used for downlink transmission. The frequency band for high-frequency communication can be 24250MHz to 52600MHz in NR systems, or higher bands supported by subsequent evolutions of NR systems above 52600MHz, or even higher frequency bands in next-generation communication systems, such as the terahertz (THz) band.

The DFT-s-OFDM technique involves a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) process preceding the OFDM processing; therefore, it can also be called a linear precoding OFDM technique. For ease of understanding, Figure 2 provides a simple introduction to the DFT-s-OFDM technique.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the processing flow of DFT-s-OFDM technology.

The transmitting end processes the time-domain discrete sequence sequentially through serial-to-parallel conversion, M-point discrete Fourier transform (DFT), subcarrier mapping, N-point inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) (or inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT)), parallel-to-serial conversion, addition of cyclic prefix (CP), and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) before transmitting the signal through the antenna port and channel.

When the receiver receives the signal through the channel and antenna, it sequentially performs analog-to-digital conversion (ADC), cyclic prefix removal, serial-to-parallel conversion, N-point DFT, subcarrier demapping, M-point IDFT, and parallel-to-serial conversion to obtain a discrete time-domain sequence.

The transmitter obtains the frequency domain sequence of the discrete-time sequence using an M-point Discrete-Time Transform (DFT). This frequency domain sequence is then subcarrier-mapped and input into an In-Point Discrete-Time Transform (IDFT), where M < N. Since the IDFT length is greater than the DFT length, the excess portion of the IDFT is padded with zeros. Adding a cyclic prefix after the IDFT avoids symbol interference.

Compared to conventional OFDM, DFT-s-OFDM has a lower PAPR, which can improve the power transmission efficiency of mobile terminals, extend battery life, and reduce terminal costs.

5. Pilot: Also known as a reference signal, the pilots involved in this application include, but are not limited to, the following reference signals:

Demodulation reference signals (DMRS), channel state information-reference signals (CSI-RS), tracking reference signals (TRS), sounding reference signals (SRS), phase tracking reference signals (PT-RS), positioning reference signals (PRS), and sensing reference signals (SeRS), etc.

It should be understood that the pilot signal in this application may also be any signal that can be carried in OFDM or a single carrier, other than the reference signals listed above. Examples will not be given here.

6. OFDM Pilots: OFDM pilots can be transmitted directly on each subcarrier in the frequency domain, and the OFDM pilots and data subcarriers are orthogonal and interference-free. The receiver can estimate the channel corresponding to each OFDM pilot subcarrier through the OFDM pilots, and then obtain the channel of the entire frequency band, that is, all subcarriers, and then perform equalization (removing channel effects) and demodulation on the data carried on other data subcarriers.

7. Antenna Port: An antenna port is a logical concept. One antenna port can correspond to one physical transmit antenna or multiple physical transmit antennas. In both cases, the terminal's receiver will not decompose signals from the same antenna port. From the terminal's perspective, regardless of whether the channel is formed by a single physical transmit antenna or by combining multiple physical transmit antennas, the reference signal corresponding to this antenna port defines it. For example, the antenna port corresponding to the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) is the DMRS port, and the terminal can obtain the channel estimate for this antenna port based on this reference signal. Each antenna port corresponds to a time/frequency resource grid and has its own independent reference signal. One antenna port is one channel, and the terminal performs channel estimation and data demodulation based on the reference signal corresponding to this antenna port.

8. Roll-off factor/coefficient: Generally used to describe the steepness of the Nyquist filter's frequency response function with frequency. Using the roll-off factor/coefficient can reduce the implementation difficulty of the filter, but increases the bandwidth. The bandwidth beyond 1/2T of the Nyquist frequency is called the transition bandwidth, and the roll-off factor/coefficient is defined as the ratio of the transition bandwidth to the Nyquist frequency.

9. Frequency-domain spectral shaping (FDSS) + sequence spreading: FDSS can be understood as windowing the frequency signal _Sk to be transmitted. Mathematically, it can be described as shown in the following formula (2):

Where c[i] is the i-th coefficient of the FDSS window function. Mapped to N _SC = M subcarriers corresponding to the transmission bandwidth.

It is important to note that the benefits of performing FDSS are as follows:

On the one hand, in the integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) scenario, reducing the side lobes of the fuzzy function improves sensing performance.

On the other hand, it can improve the PAPR performance of DFT-s-OFDM signals, which helps to increase the transmitted signal power and improve coverage.

Because FDSS makes certain The amplitude (energy) is significantly reduced, resulting in a loss in the corresponding _Sk [i] detection/demodulation performance. To mitigate/avoid the loss of demodulation performance due to FDSS, _Sk is generally sequence-extended before FDSS, as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of DFT-s-OFDM signal generation with sequence extension and FDSS. Sequence extension of _Sk yields a sequence of length _Nsc. Then perform FDSS to obtain an N _sc long sequence. and The relationship is shown in the following formula (3):

It should be understood that there are various ways to extend sequences, and this application does not limit the way of extending sequences. Sequence extension actually increases redundancy, which is beneficial to improving demodulation performance.

10. Subcarrier reservation (TR): Subcarrier reservation is also a technique to reduce the PAPR of the transmitted signal. A portion of the subcarriers within the transmission bandwidth are used to transmit data, while the remaining subcarriers are called reserved subcarriers. The reserved subcarriers carry a reserved signal, which reduces the PAPR of the OFDM/DFT-s-OFDM signal corresponding to the data subcarrier.

Currently, DMRS symbols can be designed as illustrated in Figure 1, where the DMRS sequence and data are frequency-division multiplexed. This improves spectral efficiency and reduces demodulation latency. However, frequency-division multiplexing of the DMRS sequence and data may worsen the PAPR of the DMRS symbol, making the PAPR of the DMRS symbol higher than that of the data symbol.

Based on this, this application aims to provide a communication method that can ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and data are frequency-division multiplexed.

Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 500 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 5, the method includes at least the following steps.

S510, the transmitting end modulates the first bit stream based on the first modulation scheme to obtain the first data signal.

S520, the transmitting end modulates the second bit stream based on the second modulation scheme to obtain the second data signal.

Specifically, in step S510, the process of the transmitting end modulating the first bit stream based on the first modulation scheme to obtain the first data signal can be roughly divided into several steps: First, the transmitting end modulates the first bit stream based on the first modulation scheme to obtain the first data; then, the transmitting end performs a DFT on the first data to obtain the first data signal. It should be understood that the above processing method is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

Optionally, the transmitter may also insert other data, such as a phase tracking reference signal or a unique word, into the first data. It should be understood that this application does not impose any limitations on this.

Furthermore, after obtaining the first data signal, the first composite signal can be obtained from the first data signal and the DMRS sequence using frequency-division multiplexing (FDM). That is, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence reside on different frequency domain resources. For ease of understanding, frequency-division multiplexing will be used instead of FDM in the following description.

For example, in one possible implementation, the first composite signal can be obtained from the first data signal and the DMRS sequence using frequency division multiplexing. That is, in this case, the first composite signal is obtained from the first data signal and the DMRS sequence using frequency division multiplexing.

For example, in another possible implementation, the first composite signal can be obtained by frequency division multiplexing of the first data signal, signal #1, and DMRS sequence. That is, in this case, the first composite signal is obtained by frequency division multiplexing of the first data signal, DMRS sequence, and signal #1.

It should be noted that, in one scenario, the aforementioned signal #1 can be a redundant signal, where a redundant signal can be understood as a signal that occupies bandwidth but does not transmit new information. Alternatively, in another scenario, the aforementioned signal #1 can also be a reserved signal, where a reserved signal can be understood as a signal that occupies a reserved subcarrier. For descriptions of redundant and reserved signals, please refer to existing technologies; they will not be elaborated upon here.

Alternatively, in one possible implementation, the aforementioned signal #1 may also be generated based on the first data signal and the DMRS sequence.

Subsequently, after obtaining the first composite signal based on frequency division multiplexing, the first composite signal needs to undergo some processing to obtain the reference signal. For example, subcarrier mapping, IDFT, and CP addition can be performed on the first composite signal to obtain the reference signal. It should be understood that the above processing method for obtaining the reference signal from the first composite signal is only an example and this application does not limit it.

Alternatively, in one possible implementation, the first composite signal may be subjected to FDSS processing before undergoing subcarrier mapping, IDFT, CP addition, or other processing on the first composite signal.

It should be understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the reference signal can also be referred to as a DMRS symbol, wherein the DMRS symbol carries a DMRS sequence and a first data signal, and the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are located in the DMRS symbol in a frequency-division multiplexed manner. In other words, the DMRS symbol in the embodiments of this application can be considered as a time-domain symbol multiplexed from the DMRS sequence and the first data signal.

In step S520, the transmitting end modulates the second bitstream based on the second modulation scheme to obtain the second data signal. This can be roughly divided into several steps: First, the transmitting end modulates the second bitstream based on the second modulation scheme to obtain the second data. Subsequently, the transmitting end performs DFT, subcarrier mapping, CP addition, and DAC processing on the second data to obtain the processed second data signal. It should be understood that the above processing methods are only illustrative examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the second data signal can also be referred to as a data symbol, where a data symbol refers to a symbol carrying data. For simplicity, this will not be elaborated further below.

Optionally, the transmitter may also insert other data, such as a phase tracking reference signal or a unique word, into the second data. It should be understood that this application does not impose any limitations on this.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, before performing subcarrier mapping on the frequency domain signal #1, the transmitting end may also perform FDSS processing on the frequency domain signal #1, where the frequency domain signal #1 is obtained by performing DFT processing on the second data. For example, the transmitting end sequentially performs DFT, FDSS, subcarrier mapping, IDFT, and CP addition on the second data to obtain the second data signal.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the transmitting end may insert the second signal into the frequency domain signal #1 before performing subcarrier mapping on the frequency domain signal #1 to obtain the second composite signal, and use the second composite signal as the input of the subcarrier mapping module, wherein the frequency domain signal #1 is obtained by performing DFT processing on the second data.

It should be noted that inserting the second signal into the frequency domain signal #1 to obtain the second composite signal can be understood as obtaining the second composite signal by using frequency domain signals #1 and #2 based on frequency division multiplexing. For example, the transmitting end performs DFT, signal #2 insertion, subcarrier mapping, IDFT, and CP addition on the second data in sequence to finally obtain the second data signal.

Since the second composite signal is obtained from frequency domain signals #1 and #2 using frequency division multiplexing, in another possible implementation, the transmitter can also perform subcarrier mapping on frequency domain signals #1 and #2 in a non-overlapping subcarrier manner. For example, the transmitter first performs DFT on the second data to obtain frequency domain signal #1, and then performs subcarrier mapping, IDFT, and CP addition on frequency domain signals #1 and #2 in a non-overlapping subcarrier manner to finally obtain the second data signal.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the transmitting end may perform FDSS processing on the second composite signal before performing subcarrier mapping on the second composite signal. For example, the transmitting end may sequentially perform DFT, signal #2 insertion, FDSS, subcarrier mapping, IDFT, and CP addition on the second data to finally obtain the second data signal.

It should be noted that, in one scenario, the aforementioned signal #2 can be a redundant signal, where a redundant signal can be understood as a signal that occupies bandwidth but does not transmit new information. Alternatively, in another scenario, the aforementioned signal #2 can also be a reserved signal, where a reserved signal can be understood as a signal that occupies a reserved subcarrier. For descriptions of redundant and reserved signals, please refer to existing technologies; they will not be elaborated upon here.

Alternatively, in one possible implementation, the signal #2 described above may be generated based on the frequency domain signal #1.

It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the order of the first modulation scheme is lower than the order of the second modulation scheme. That is to say, the order of the modulation scheme used to obtain the first data signal is lower than the order of the modulation scheme used to obtain the second data signal.

For example, in one possible implementation, the first modulation scheme may be QPSK modulation and the second modulation scheme may be 16-QAM modulation.

For example, in one possible implementation, the first modulation scheme may be QPSK modulation and the second modulation scheme may be 64-QAM modulation.

For example, in one possible implementation, the first modulation scheme may be 16-QAM modulation and the second modulation scheme may be 64-QAM modulation.

It should be noted that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only, and this application does not impose any limitations on them.

According to the above technical solution, by constraining the order of the first modulation scheme to be lower than that of the second modulation scheme, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol (the time-domain symbol of the DMRS sequence and the first data signal multiplexed in a frequency-division multiplexing manner) is not higher than that of the data symbol (the time-domain symbol of the second data signal).

However, the lower the order of the modulation scheme, the lower the signal-to-noise ratio (or demodulation signal-to-noise ratio) required to achieve the desired demodulation performance (e.g., a block error rate of 0.1%). In the above technical solution, the order of the first modulation scheme used for the first data signal (a data signal frequency-divided by the DMRS sequence) is lower than the order of the second modulation scheme used for the second data signal. Therefore, the signal-to-noise ratio required to achieve the desired demodulation performance is determined by the signal-to-noise ratio of the second data signal, which is higher than that of the first data signal. That is to say, the signal-to-noise ratio of the first data signal is excessive. To prevent the signal-to-noise ratio of the first data signal from being excessive, the power of the first data signal can be reduced. Furthermore, by reducing the power of the first data signal, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol (the time-domain symbol multiplexed by the DMRS sequence and the first data signal) can be reduced.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the energy per resource element (EPRE) of the first data signal is lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence. In other words, the ratio (EPREratio) between the EPRE of the first data signal and the EPRE of the DMRS sequence is less than 1. Here, the EPRE of the first data signal refers to the energy of each resource element (RE) carrying the first data signal, and the EPRE of the DMRS sequence refers to the energy of each RE carrying the DMRS sequence.

Taking the frequency domain positions of the DMRS sequence and the first data signal as shown in Figure 1 as an example, as shown in Figure 1, the density of the DMRS sequence is 1/2. At this time, the EPRE of the first data signal is equal to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence, that is, the ratio between the EPRE of the first data signal and the EPRE of the DMRS sequence is equal to 1. In this case, the power proportions of the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are the same, each accounting for 50%. Among them, the power proportion of the DMRS sequence is the ratio of the power of the DMRS sequence to the total power (i.e., the total power of the reference signal), and the power proportion of the first data signal is the ratio of the power of the first data signal to the total power (i.e., the total power of the reference signal).

In this embodiment, reducing the power of the first data signal can be achieved by reducing its EPR (Effective Power Reduction). Correspondingly, with the total power remaining constant, the power of the DMRS sequence will increase, and the EPR of the DMRS sequence will also increase. At this point, the EPR of the first data signal is lower than the EPR of the DMRS sequence, or in other words, the power percentage of the first data signal is lower than the power percentage of the DMRS sequence; that is, there is a power offset between the first data signal and the DMRS sequence. For example, if the ratio of the EPR of the first data signal to the EPR of the DMRS sequence is equal to 1/3, then the power percentage of the first data signal is 25%, while the power percentage of the DMRS sequence is 75%.

According to the above technical solution, by reducing the EPRE of the first data signal and simultaneously increasing the EPRE of the DMRS sequence, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol (the time-domain symbol multiplexed by the DMRS sequence and the first data signal) can be reduced.

Figure 6 shows a comparison of the PAPR of the reference signal and the second data signal. The vertical axis represents the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF), and the horizontal axis represents the PAPR value. Assume that, in one possible scenario, the second data signal uses a 16QAM modulation scheme, while the first data signal uses a QPSK modulation scheme, and the DMRS sequence, which is frequency-divided by the first data signal, is generated based on a ZC sequence (the root index of the ZC sequence is 2). The density of the DMRS sequence is 1/2. As can be seen from Figure 6, when the ratio of the EPRE of the first data signal to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence is equal to 1/3, the PAPR of the reference signal is significantly reduced, and is significantly lower than the PAPR of the reference signal and the second data signal when the EPRE ratio is equal to 1. Therefore, it can be concluded that by making the EPRE of the first data signal lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol (the time-domain symbol multiplexed by the DMRS sequence and the first data signal) can be improved.

According to the above technical solution, when the order of the modulation scheme of the first data signal is lower than the order of the modulation scheme of the second data signal, further constraining the EPRE of the first data signal to be lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence can ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol (the time-domain symbol multiplexed by the DMRS sequence and the first data signal) is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol (the time-domain symbol of the second data signal).

Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, the first bitstream and the second bitstream mentioned above are both encoded bitstreams obtained after encoding. That is, the first bitstream can also be called the first encoded bitstream, and the second bitstream can also be called the second encoded bitstream. It should be understood that this application does not impose any limitations on this.

Alternatively, in one possible implementation, the first bitstream and the second bitstream belong to the same codeword.

Alternatively, in another possible implementation, the first bitstream and the second bitstream belong to different codewords.

The first bitstream and the second bitstream belong to different codewords, which can be understood as the first bitstream and the second bitstream being obtained by two encoders. These two encoders can have the same code rate or different code rates.

It should be noted that the specific encoding methods used for the first and second bit streams can be found in existing protocols, and will not be elaborated here.

It should be understood that the bit stream described above can also be called a bit sequence, and correspondingly, the encoded bit stream described above can also be called an encoded bit sequence. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

Referring again to Figure 5, the method further includes: S530, the transmitting end sends a reference signal and a second data signal to the receiving end, and correspondingly, the receiving end receives the reference signal and the second data signal. It should be understood that the reference signal is obtained by processing the first composite signal. For a description of the first composite signal and how to obtain the reference signal based on the first composite signal, please refer to the preceding text; it will not be repeated here.

Specifically, the reference signal and the second data signal reside in different time-domain resources; for example, they reside on different symbols. In this embodiment, the reference signal may include a first data signal and a DMRS sequence. Since the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are obtained using frequency division multiplexing, they reside in different frequency-domain resources. In other words, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are located within the reference signal using frequency division multiplexing, meaning the reference signal can carry the first data signal. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence occupy the same time-domain resource; for example, they occupy the same symbol.

Alternatively, in one possible implementation, whether the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are located in the reference signal in a frequency division multiplexing manner is related to the order of the second modulation scheme.

For example, in one case, when the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are located in the reference signal in a frequency-division multiplexed manner. In another case, when the order of the second modulation scheme is less than the second threshold, the reference signal described above may not carry the first data signal; that is, the reference signal described above includes only the DMRS sequence and does not include the first data signal.

It should be noted that, in one possible scenario, the second threshold mentioned above can be indicated by the network side to the transmitting end. For example, the network side sends indication information #1 to the terminal device, which indicates the second threshold. Alternatively, in another possible scenario, the second threshold mentioned above can also be predefined by the protocol. For example, the protocol pre-sets the second threshold, and the transmitting end further determines whether the reference signal carries the first data signal by comparing the order of the second modulation scheme and the magnitude of the second threshold.

It should be understood that this application does not impose any restrictions on the value of the second threshold. For example, the second threshold can be 1, or the second threshold can be 2.

Alternatively, in another possible implementation, whether the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are located in the reference signal in a frequency division multiplexing manner can be specifically indicated by the network-side transmitter.

For example, in one case, the network side may send indication information #2 to the transmitting end, which indicates that the reference signal does not carry the first data signal, or that the indication information #2 indicates that the reference signal only includes the DMRS sequence.

For example, in another case, the network side may send indication information #3 to the transmitting end, which indicates that the reference signal carries a DMRS sequence, or that the indication information #3 indicates that the reference signal includes a first data signal and a DMRS sequence.

Alternatively, in one possible implementation, in the embodiments of this application, the DMRS sequence may be generated based on the Zadoff-Chu sequence (hereinafter referred to as the ZC sequence).

Specifically, the root of the ZC sequence is one of the first root sets, where the first root set is related to the length of the DMRS sequence. It should be understood that "related" can also be replaced with "related" or "associated", etc., which will not be elaborated further below. For example, in NR, if the DMRS sequence is generated based on the ZC sequence, the DMRS sequence r(n) is generated in the following formula (4).

Where q is the root of the ZC sequence, q is coprime with _NZC , _NZC is the length of the ZC sequence, _MZC is the length of the r(n) sequence, and _NZC is the largest prime number less than _MZC . For example, if _MZC = 72, then _NZC = 71. It should be noted that in NR, the range of q is {n = 0, 1, ..., _Nzc -1}.

Assuming _MZC = 72, Table 1 shows the PAPR values of the OFDM signal generated based on r(n) when the complementary cumulative distribution function is 0.01 for different root values. It should be noted that this OFDM signal only carries r(n) and does not carry the first data signal.

As shown in Table 1, the OFDM signal exhibits different PAPR values under different root values. The worst and best q values can result in a PAPR difference of up to 3 dB. Since frequency division multiplexing increases the PAPR of the reference signal, it can be inferred that if the OFDM signal generated based on the DMRS sequence (r(n)) has a high PAPR, then the reference signal, including the DMRS sequence and the first data signal, will also have a high PAPR. Therefore, to reduce the PAPR of the reference signal in the frequency division multiplexing of the DMRS sequence and data, the PAPR of the OFDM signal generated based on the DMRS sequence (r(n)) can be reduced first. For example, the selection of q can be limited, specifying suitable q values to form the first root set, instead of having (N _ZC - 1) choices of q as in NR.

Table 1. PAPR values of OFDM signals generated based on DMRS sequence r(n) under different root values.

For example, suppose M _ZC = 36, and the size of the first root set is limited to 10. In this case, the first root set is {35,36,1,70,24,47,18,53,10,14}. That is to say, the value of q can be any value in the first root set.

For example, suppose M _ZC = 72, and the size of the first root set is limited to 10. In this case, the first root set is {5, 26, 8, 23, 7, 15, 16, 24, 10, 21}. That is to say, the value of q can be any value in the first root set.

For example, suppose M _ZC = 120, and the size of the first root set is limited to 10. In this case, the first root set is {45, 68, 19, 94, 38, 75, 15, 36, 77, 98}. That is to say, the value of q can be any value in the first root set.

Based on the example above, we can see that the first root set is related to the length of the DMRS sequence. That is to say, the value of the root in the first root set is related to the length (M _ZC ) of the DMRS sequence.

It should be understood that the length of the ZC sequence is related to the length of the DMRS sequence, which in turn is related to the transmission bandwidth. Therefore, the root values included in the first root set will also change with the transmission bandwidth. Based on the above technical solution, it can be ensured that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol under different transmission bandwidths.

Alternatively, in one possible implementation, the DMRS sequence described above is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence.

Specifically, the gold sequence (also known as a pseudo-random sequence) or the Gray complement pair sequence can be first Pi/2-BPSK modulated, followed by DFT to obtain the DMRS sequence.

It should be noted that, in one possible case, whether the DMRS sequence mentioned above is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence is also related to the modulation order of the second modulation scheme. For example, if the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence.

It should be noted that the first threshold can be preset. It should be understood that this application does not restrict the rounding of the first threshold. For example, the value of the first threshold can be 2, or the value of the first threshold can be 4.

According to the above technical solution, the DMRS sequence generated by the transmitting end based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence can ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the reference signal described above further includes a first signal occupying a first reserved subcarrier, and the second data signal further includes a second signal occupying a second reserved subcarrier. Furthermore, the number of first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of second reserved subcarriers.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the number of second reserved subcarriers is 0, and the number of first reserved subcarriers is a positive integer greater than 0. That is, only the reference signal carries the first signal, and the second data signal does not carry the second signal.

It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the first signal is the signal #1 mentioned above, and the second signal is the signal #2 mentioned above.

It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the first signal and the second signal can be different signals, that is, the signal #1 and the signal #2 mentioned above can also be different signals.

It should also be noted that the first signal and the second signal can be reserved signals or redundant signals, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this. For relevant descriptions of redundant signals and reserved signals, please refer to the foregoing. It should be understood that this application does not limit the names of the first signal and the second signal; for example, the first signal can also be called the first reserved signal, and the second signal can also be called the second reserved signal.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the reference signal and the second data signal described above occupy different bandwidths; for example, the reference signal occupies 50 MHz of bandwidth, and the second data signal occupies 100 MHz of bandwidth. It should be understood that the above is merely illustrative and this application does not impose any limitations.

Alternatively, in one possible implementation, the first bandwidth expansion factor is greater than or equal to the second bandwidth expansion factor.

Wherein, the first bandwidth expansion factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the first signal to the bandwidth occupied by the reference signal, while the second bandwidth expansion factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the second signal to the bandwidth occupied by the second data signal. It should be understood that the bandwidth expansion factor can also be understood as the sequence expansion factor, sequence expansion coefficient, or spectral expansion coefficient, and no limitation is made here.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first reserved subcarrier, the first data signal, and the DMRS sequence are located on different subcarriers. That is, the first signal, the first data signal, and the DMRS sequence are located on different frequency domain resources. Moreover, the frequency domain resources occupied by the second reserved subcarrier are different from those occupied by frequency domain signal #1. The frequency domain positions of the first and second reserved subcarriers can be referred to Figure 7 below.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the frequency domain positions of the first reserved subcarrier and the second reserved subcarrier provided in the embodiments of this application. It is worth noting that the embodiments of this application limit the number of the first reserved subcarrier to be greater than the number of the second reserved subcarrier. That is to say, the examples shown in Figure 7 are all examples corresponding to the case where the number of the first reserved subcarrier is greater than the number of the second reserved subcarrier.

For example, in one possible implementation, the first reserved subcarrier is located on one side of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal, and the second reserved subcarrier is located on one side of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal. As shown in FIG7(a), the first signal occupies the first reserved subcarrier and is located on one side of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal, and the second signal occupies the second reserved subcarrier and is located on one side of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal.

It should be noted that Figure 7(a) illustrates the case where the first signal and the second signal are both located on the same side, that is, Figure 7(a) illustrates the case where the first reserved subcarrier and the second reserved subcarrier are located on the same side. For example, the first signal occupies subcarriers 9-11, and the second signal occupies subcarriers 10-11. Optionally, in one possible case, the first signal and the second signal may also be located on different sides, that is, the first reserved subcarrier and the second reserved subcarrier may also be located on different sides. For example, the first signal occupies subcarriers 9-11, and the second signal occupies subcarriers 0-1. Optionally, in another possible case, the first signal may occupy subcarriers 0-2, and the second signal may occupy subcarriers 10-11. It should be understood that the above are merely illustrative examples, and this application does not impose any limitations on them.

For example, in one possible implementation, the first reserved subcarrier is located on both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal, and the second reserved subcarrier is located on both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal. As shown in Figure 7(b), the first signal occupies the first reserved subcarrier and is located on both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal, and the second signal occupies the second reserved subcarrier and is located on both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal.

It should be noted that Figure 7(b) illustrates the case where the first signal and the second signal are located on opposite sides, that is, Figure 7(b) illustrates the case where both the first reserved subcarrier and the second reserved subcarrier are located on opposite sides. For example, the first signal occupies subcarriers 0-1 and 10-11, and the second signal occupies subcarriers 0 and 11. Optionally, in one possible case, the first signal and the second signal are not entirely located on opposite sides, that is, the first reserved subcarrier and the second reserved subcarrier are not entirely located on opposite sides. For example, the first signal occupies subcarriers 0-1 and 10-11, and the second signal occupies either 0-1 or 10-11. Optionally, in another possible case, the first signal may occupy subcarrier 0-3, and the second signal may occupy subcarriers 0 and 11.

It should also be noted that Figure 7(b) illustrates the case where the first signal occupies both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal and the case where the second signal occupies both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal. Optionally, in one possible case, the first signal may also occupy subcarriers 0-2 and 11.

It should be understood that the above are merely illustrative examples and this application does not impose any limitations on them.

For example, in one possible implementation, the first reserved subcarriers are evenly distributed across the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal; that is, the first signal is evenly distributed across the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal. As shown in Figure 7(c), the first signal occupies subcarriers 1, 5, and 9. Alternatively, in one case, the second reserved subcarriers are not necessarily evenly distributed across the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal; for example, the second signal occupies subcarriers 0 and 1.

For example, in one possible implementation, the second reserved subcarriers are evenly distributed across the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal; that is, the second signal is evenly distributed across the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal. As shown in Figure 7(d), the second signal occupies subcarriers 3, 7, and 11. Alternatively, in one case, the first reserved subcarriers are not necessarily evenly distributed across the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal; for example, the first signal occupies subcarriers 8-11.

For example, in one possible implementation, the first reserved subcarrier is evenly distributed over the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal, and the second reserved subcarrier is evenly distributed over the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal. That is, the first signal is evenly distributed over the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal, and the second signal is evenly distributed over the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal. For example, as shown in FIG7(e), the first signal occupies subcarriers 1, 5, and 9, and the second signal occupies subcarriers 5 and 11.

It should be understood that the above are merely illustrative examples and this application does not impose any limitations on them.

In this embodiment, the first reserved subcarrier carries a first signal, which reduces the PAPR of the reference signal, while the second subcarrier carries a second signal, which reduces the PAPR of the second data signal. Since the number of first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of second reserved subcarriers, meaning the reference signal has more reserved subcarriers than the second data signal, the PAPR of the reference signal is reduced more significantly. Therefore, based on the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, before step S530, the method may further include: performing FDSS processing on the reference signal and the second data signal.

Specifically, in one possible implementation, the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is different from the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal. It should be understood that, in one case, different window functions can be interpreted as different types of window functions, or, in another case, different window functions can also be interpreted as the same type of window function but different parameters. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

For example, in one possible implementation, the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal are different. For instance, the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is a Hamming window, while the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal is a Kaiser window. It should be noted that in the technical solution of this application, assuming that the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is window function 1 and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal is window function 2, the selection of window function 1 and window function 2 should ensure that, in the frequency division multiplexing of the DMRS sequence and the first data signal, the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol.

For example, in another possible implementation, the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal are of the same type, but with different parameters. The parameters can be that the window function corresponds to the time-domain impulse response. For example, the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal corresponds to the time-domain impulse response [0.335 1 0.335], and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal corresponds to the time-domain impulse response [0.28 1 0.28]. It should be understood that the above parameters are merely examples, and this application does not impose any limitations on them.

Alternatively, in one possible implementation, the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal.

Specifically, the window functions used for FDSS processing of the reference signal and the second data signal can include any of the following: a Nyquist window (e.g., a raised cosine window), a truncated Nyquist window (e.g., a truncated raised cosine window), a root Nyquist window (e.g., a root raised cosine window), and a truncated root Nyquist window (e.g., a truncated root raised cosine window). Furthermore, in this embodiment, the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal. It should be understood that the above window functions are merely examples, and this application does not impose limitations on them.

As shown in Formula (5), the window function is the Nyquist window.

γ ₀ =g ^-1 (0.5) Formula (7)

Where β is the roll-off factor, and 2B(1+β) represents the transmission bandwidth, T = 1/(2B). The function g(f) satisfies g(0) = 1. ^g⁻¹ (f) is the inverse function of g(f), n is the design parameter, and f represents the frequency. It should be noted that g in the above formula can be closed or open; no restriction is imposed here.

For example, if the Nyquist window is a raised cosine window, as shown in formula (8), then...

Where β is the roll-off factor, 2B(1+β) represents the transmission bandwidth, T＝1/(2B), and f represents the frequency.

Window functions can also be based on The design is called the root Nyquist window. For example, if S(f) is a raised cosine, then... It is called the root raised cosine.

For example, in one possible implementation, when the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal and the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal are of the same type, for example, when the window function is a Nyquist window, the roll-off factor of the Nyquist window used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is greater than the roll-off factor of the Nyquist window used for FDSS processing of the second data signal.

It should be noted that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only, and this application does not impose any limitations on them.

According to the above technical solution, by constraining the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the reference signal to be greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for FDSS processing of the second data signal, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than the PAPR of the data symbol in the frequency division multiplexing method of the DMRS sequence and the first data signal.

Figure 8 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 800 provided in another embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 8, the method includes the following steps.

S810, the transmitting end generates a reference signal.

Specifically, the reference signal may include a first data signal and a DMRS sequence. Since the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are obtained using frequency division multiplexing, they reside in different frequency domain resources. In other words, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are located within the reference signal using frequency division multiplexing. The specific process by which the transmitting end obtains the reference signal using frequency division multiplexing can be found above and will not be repeated here.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence occupy the same time-domain resources; for example, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence occupy the same symbols. This can be understood as the DMRS sequence carrying the first data signal.

In step S820, the transmitting end sends a reference signal and a second data signal to the receiving end, and correspondingly, the receiving end receives the reference signal and the second data signal. The reference signal and the second data signal reside in different time-domain resources; for example, they reside on different symbols.

Optionally, before steps S810 and S820, the method may further include: S801, the transmitting end modulates the first bit stream based on modulation scheme #1 to obtain a first data signal; and S802, the transmitting end modulates the second bit stream based on modulation scheme #2 to obtain a second data signal. It can be understood that modulation scheme #1 is the modulation scheme corresponding to the first data signal, and modulation scheme #2 is the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal.

It should be noted that modulation scheme #1 corresponds to the first modulation scheme described above, and modulation scheme #2 corresponds to the second modulation scheme described above. For relevant descriptions of modulation scheme #1 and modulation scheme #2, please refer to the relevant descriptions of the first and second modulation schemes above; they will not be repeated here. Based on this, steps S801 and S802 are similar to steps S510 and S520, and for simplicity, they will not be repeated here.

Alternatively, in one possible implementation, whether the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are located in the reference signal in a frequency division multiplexing manner is related to the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal.

For example, in one case, when the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are located in the reference signal in a frequency-division multiplexed manner. For example, in another case, when the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal is less than the second threshold, the reference signal described above may not carry the first data signal; that is, the reference signal described above only includes the DMRS sequence and does not include the first data signal.

It should be noted that, in one possible scenario, the second threshold mentioned above can be indicated by the network side to the transmitting end. For example, the network side sends indication information #1 to the terminal device, which indicates the second threshold. Alternatively, in another possible scenario, the second threshold mentioned above can also be predefined by the protocol. For example, the protocol pre-sets the second threshold, and the transmitting end further determines whether the reference signal carries the first data signal by comparing the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal and the magnitude of the second threshold.

It should be understood that this application does not impose any restrictions on the value of the second threshold. For example, the second threshold can be 1, or the second threshold can be 2.

Alternatively, in another possible implementation, whether the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are located in the reference signal in a frequency division multiplexing manner can be specifically indicated by the network-side transmitter.

For example, in one case, the network side may send indication information #2 to the transmitting end, which indicates that the reference signal does not carry the first data signal, or that the indication information #2 indicates that the reference signal only includes the DMRS sequence.

For example, in another case, the network side may send indication information #3 to the transmitting end, which indicates that the reference signal carries a DMRS sequence, or that the indication information #3 indicates that the reference signal includes a first data signal and a DMRS sequence.

It should be noted that the modulation scheme corresponding to the first data signal and the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal mentioned above can be any of the following: 16-QAM modulation, 64-QAM modulation, 16-PSK modulation, or QPSK modulation. It should be understood that the above are merely illustrative examples, and this application does not impose any limitations on them.

It should also be noted that, in steps S801 and S802, in one possible scenario, the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the first data signal and the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal can be the same. In another possible scenario, the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the first data signal and the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal can also be different. That is, the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the first data signal can be higher than the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal, or the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the first data signal can be lower than the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal. It should be understood that this application does not impose any limitations on this.

It should also be noted that, if the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the first data signal is lower than the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal, optionally, in one possible implementation, the EPRE of the first data signal is lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence. In other words, the ratio of the EPRE of the first data signal to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence is less than 1. It should be noted that the relevant description regarding the EPRE of the first data signal being lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence can be found above and will not be repeated here.

Furthermore, in one possible implementation of this application, the DMRS sequence may be generated based on the ZC sequence. Alternatively, in another possible implementation, the DMRS sequence may be generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence.

For example, when the DMRS sequence is generated based on the ZC sequence, the root of the ZC sequence is one of the first root sets, where the first root set is related to the length of the DMRS sequence. It should be noted that a detailed description of how the DMRS sequence can be generated based on the ZC sequence can be found above, and will not be repeated here.

For example, when the DMRS sequence can be generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence, specifically, the gold sequence or Gray complementary pair sequence can be first modulated with Pi/2-BPSK, followed by DFT, to finally obtain the DMRS sequence.

It should be noted that, in one possible case, whether the DMRS sequence mentioned above is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence also depends on the modulation order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal. For example, if the modulation order of the second data signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the DMRS sequence can be generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence.

It should be noted that the first threshold can be preset. It should be understood that this application does not restrict the rounding of the first threshold. For example, the value of the first threshold can be 2, or the value of the first threshold can be 4.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the reference signal described above further includes a first signal occupying a first reserved subcarrier, and the second data signal further includes a second signal occupying a second reserved subcarrier. Furthermore, the number of first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of second reserved subcarriers.

It should be noted that the descriptions of the first reserved subcarrier, the first signal, and the DMRS sequence, as well as the descriptions of the second reserved subcarrier, the second signal, and the second data signal, can be found in the preceding text. For the sake of simplicity, they will not be repeated here.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the reference signal and the second data signal occupy different bandwidths; for example, the reference signal occupies 50 MHz of bandwidth, and the second data signal occupies 100 MHz of bandwidth. It should be understood that the above is merely illustrative and this application does not impose any limitations.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, in the embodiments of this application, the first bandwidth expansion coefficient is greater than or equal to the second bandwidth expansion coefficient. The relevant descriptions of the first bandwidth expansion coefficient and the second bandwidth expansion coefficient can be found above and will not be repeated here.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, before step S820, the method may further include: S830, performing FDSS processing on the reference signal and the second data signal. It should be noted that step S830 is similar to the steps described above regarding the FDSS processing of the reference signal and the second data signal before step S530; for simplicity, these details will not be repeated here.

According to the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

Figure 9 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method 900 provided in another embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 9, the method may include the following steps.

S910, the transmitting end generates a reference signal.

It should be noted that step S910 is similar to step S810, and will not be described in detail here for the sake of simplicity.

S920, the transmitting end sends a reference signal and a second data signal to the receiving end, and the receiving end receives the reference signal and the second data signal accordingly.

Specifically, the reference signal and the second data signal reside on different time-domain resources; for example, the reference signal and the second data signal reside on different symbols.

Optionally, before steps S910 and S920, the method may further include: S901, the transmitting end modulates the first bit stream based on modulation scheme #1 to obtain a first data signal; and S902, the transmitting end modulates the second bit stream based on modulation scheme #2 to obtain a second data signal. It can be understood that modulation scheme #1 is the modulation scheme corresponding to the first data signal, and modulation scheme #2 is the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal.

It should be noted that steps S901 and S902 are similar to steps S801 and S802, and will not be described in detail here for the sake of simplicity.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the reference signal mentioned above further includes a first signal occupying a first reserved subcarrier, and the second data signal further includes a second signal occupying a second reserved subcarrier. Moreover, the number of first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of second reserved subcarriers.

It should be noted that the descriptions of the first reserved subcarrier, the first signal, and the DMRS sequence, as well as the descriptions of the second reserved subcarrier, the second signal, and the second data signal, can be found in the preceding text. For the sake of simplicity, they will not be repeated here.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the reference signal and the second data signal occupy different bandwidths; for example, the reference signal occupies 50 MHz of bandwidth, and the second data signal occupies 100 MHz of bandwidth. It should be understood that the above is merely illustrative and this application does not impose any limitations.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, in the embodiments of this application, the first bandwidth expansion coefficient is greater than or equal to the second bandwidth expansion coefficient. The relevant descriptions of the first bandwidth expansion coefficient and the second bandwidth expansion coefficient can be found above and will not be repeated here.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, before step S920, the method may include: S930, performing FDSS processing on the reference signal and the second data signal. It should be noted that step S930 is similar to the description above regarding the step of performing FDSS processing on the reference signal and the second data signal before step S530; for simplicity, it will not be repeated here.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the DMRS sequence described above can be generated based on a ZC sequence. For example, when the DMRS sequence is generated based on a ZC sequence, the root of the ZC sequence is one of the roots in a first set of roots, where the first set of roots is related to the length of the DMRS sequence. It should be noted that a detailed description of how the DMRS sequence can be generated based on a ZC sequence can be found above, and will not be repeated here.

Optionally, in one possible implementation, the DMRS sequence described above can be generated based on a Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence. Specifically, this can be achieved by first performing Pi/2-BPSK modulation on a gold sequence or a Gray complement pair sequence, followed by a DFT, to finally obtain the DMRS sequence. It should be noted that the relevant description regarding the DMRS sequence being generated based on a Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence can be found above and will not be repeated here.

It should be noted that the modulation scheme corresponding to the first data signal and the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal mentioned above can be any of the following: 16-QAM modulation, 64-QAM modulation, 16-PSK modulation, or QPSK modulation. It should be understood that the above are merely illustrative examples, and this application does not impose any limitations on them.

It should also be noted that, if the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the first data signal is lower than the order of the modulation scheme corresponding to the second data signal, optionally, in one possible implementation, the EPRE of the first data signal is lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence. In other words, the ratio of the EPRE of the first data signal to the EPRE of the DMRS sequence is less than 1. It should be noted that the relevant description regarding the EPRE of the first data signal being lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence can be found above and will not be repeated here.

According to the above technical solution, it is possible to ensure that the PAPR of the DMRS symbol is not higher than that of the data symbol when the DMRS sequence and the first data signal are frequency-division multiplexed.

It should be understood that some optional features in the various embodiments of this application may not depend on other features in some scenarios, or may be combined with other features in other scenarios, without limitation.

It is also understood that the solutions in the various embodiments of this application can be used in a reasonable combination, or the solutions in the various embodiments of this application can be reasonably decoupled, and the explanations or descriptions of the various terms appearing in the embodiments can be referenced or explained to each other in the various embodiments, without limitation.

It should also be understood that the various numerical sequences in the embodiments of this application do not imply the order of execution, but are merely a distinction for the convenience of description, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

It is also understood that some terms are used in the various embodiments of this application, such as first modulation scheme, second modulation scheme, etc. It should be understood that their naming does not limit the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application.

It is also understood that in the above method embodiments, the methods and operations implemented by the sending end can also be implemented by components of the sending end (e.g., chips or circuits); similarly, the methods and operations implemented by the receiving end can also be implemented by components of the receiving end (e.g., chips or circuits), and this application does not impose any limitations. Corresponding to the methods given in the above method embodiments, this application also provides corresponding communication devices, which include modules for executing the corresponding methods in the above method embodiments. These modules can be software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware. It is understood that the technical features described in the above method embodiments are also applicable to the following device embodiments.

It should be understood that the sending end and receiving end can perform some or all of the steps in the above embodiments. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of this application can also perform other operations or variations of various operations. Furthermore, the steps can be performed in different orders as presented in the above embodiments, and it is not necessary to perform all the operations in the above embodiments.

The communication method provided by the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above with reference to Figures 5-9. The communication device provided by the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 10-12. It should be understood that the description of the device embodiments corresponds to the description of the method embodiments. Therefore, for content not described in detail, please refer to the method embodiments above. For the sake of brevity, some content will not be repeated.

Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 10, the communication device 1000 includes a transceiver unit 1010. The transceiver unit 1010 can implement corresponding communication functions, and can also be referred to as a communication interface or communication unit. Optionally, the communication device 1000 further includes a processing unit 1020 for data processing. The communication device 1000 is used to implement the functions of the sending end and receiving end in the method embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 9 above.

When the communication device 1000 is used to implement the function of the transmitting end in the method embodiment shown in FIG5, the processing unit 1020 is used to modulate the first bit stream based on the first modulation scheme to obtain the first data signal, and to modulate the second bit stream based on the second modulation scheme to obtain the second data signal. The transceiver unit 1010 is used to transmit the reference signal and the second data signal.

Optionally, the processing unit 1020 is further configured to perform frequency domain spectral shaping (FDSS) processing on the reference signal and the second data signal.

When the communication device 1000 is used to implement the function of the receiving end in the method embodiment shown in FIG5, the transceiver unit 1010 is used to receive the reference signal and the second data signal.

When the communication device 1000 is used to implement the function of the transmitting end in the method embodiment shown in FIG8, the processing unit 1020 is used to generate a reference signal. The transceiver unit 1010 is used to transmit the reference signal and the second data signal.

Optionally, the processing unit 1020 is further configured to modulate the first bit stream based on the first modulation scheme to obtain a first data signal, and to modulate the second bit stream based on the second modulation scheme to obtain a second data signal.

Optionally, the processing unit 1020 is also used to perform FDSS processing on the reference signal and the second data signal.

When the communication device 1000 is used to implement the function of the receiving end in the method embodiment shown in FIG8, the transceiver unit 1010 is used to receive the reference signal and the second data signal.

When the communication device 1000 is used to implement the function of the transmitting end in the method embodiment shown in FIG9, the processing unit 1020 is used to generate a reference signal. The transceiver unit 1010 is used to transmit the reference signal and the second data signal.

Optionally, the processing unit 1020 is further configured to modulate the first bit stream based on the first modulation scheme to obtain a first data signal, and to modulate the second bit stream based on the second modulation scheme to obtain a second data signal.

Optionally, the processing unit 1020 is also used to perform FDSS processing on the reference signal and the second data signal.

When the communication device 1000 is used to implement the function of the receiving end in the method embodiment shown in FIG9, the transceiver unit 1010 is used to receive the reference signal and the second data signal.

For a more detailed description of the transceiver unit 1010 and the processing unit 1020, as well as the meaning of terms such as the first data signal and the first modulation scheme, please refer to the description in the method embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 9.

It should also be understood that the device 1000 here is embodied in the form of a functional unit. The term "unit" here can refer to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), electronic circuitry, a processor (e.g., a shared processor, a proprietary processor, or a group processor, etc.) and memory for executing one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuitry, and/or other suitable components supporting the described functions. In an alternative example, those skilled in the art will understand that the device 1000 may specifically be the transmitting end and receiving end in the above embodiments, and may be used to execute the various processes and/or steps corresponding to the transmitting end and receiving end in the above method embodiments; or, the device 1000 may specifically be the transmitting end and receiving end in the above embodiments, and may be used to execute the various processes and/or steps corresponding to the transmitting end and receiving end in the above method embodiments. To avoid repetition, further details are omitted here.

The apparatus 1000 of each of the above-described schemes has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the transmitting end and the receiving end in the above-described method; or, the apparatus 1000 of each of the above-described schemes has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the transmitting end and the receiving end in the above-described method. The function can be implemented by hardware or by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions; for example, the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transceiver (e.g., the transmitting unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a transmitter, and the receiving unit in the transceiver unit can be replaced by a receiver), and other units, such as processing units, can be replaced by processors, respectively executing the transceiver operations and related processing operations in each method embodiment.

In addition, the transceiver unit 1010 may also be a transceiver circuit (for example, it may include a receiving circuit and a transmitting circuit), and the processing unit 1020 may be a processing circuit.

It should be noted that the device in Figure 10 can be a network element or device in the aforementioned embodiments, or it can be a chip or a chip system, such as a system-on-chip (SoC). The transceiver unit can be an input/output circuit or a communication interface; the processing unit is a processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit integrated on the chip. No limitations are imposed here.

As shown in Figure 11, this application embodiment provides another communication device 1100. The device 1100 includes a processor 1110, which is coupled to a memory 1120. The memory 1120 is used to store computer programs or instructions and/or data. The processor 1110 is used to execute the computer programs or instructions stored in the memory 1120, or to read the data stored in the memory 1120, in order to execute the methods in the above method embodiments.

When the communication device 1100 is used to implement the method shown in Figures 5 to 9, the processor 1110 is used to implement the function of the processing unit 1020.

Optionally, there may be one or more processors 1110.

Optionally, the memory 1120 may be one or more.

Alternatively, the memory 1120 can be integrated with the processor 1110, or it can be set separately.

Optionally, as shown in FIG11, the device 1100 further includes a transceiver 1130 for receiving and/or transmitting signals. For example, the processor 1110 is used to control the transceiver 1130 to receive and/or transmit signals.

When the communication device 1100 is used to implement the method shown in Figures 5 to 9, the transceiver 1130 is used to implement the function of the transceiver unit 1010.

For example, processor 1110 is used to execute computer programs or instructions stored in memory 1120 to implement the relevant operations of the transmitting end and receiving end in the various method embodiments described above. For example, the method of the transmitting end in any of the embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 9, or the method of the receiving end in any of the embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 9.

It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM includes a variety of forms, such as: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

It should also be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

As shown in Figure 12, this application embodiment provides a chip system 1200. The chip system 1200 (or processing system) includes logic circuitry 1210 and an input/output interface 1220. It should be understood that the chip system 1200 can be installed in the aforementioned communication device 1100, or in other words, the aforementioned communication device 1100 can also include the chip system 1200.

The logic circuit 1210 can be a processing circuit in the chip system 1200. The logic circuit 1210 can be coupled to a memory unit, calling instructions from the memory unit, enabling the chip system 1200 to implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of this application. The input/output interface 1220 can be an input/output circuit in the chip system 1200, outputting processed information from the chip system 1200, or inputting data or signaling information to be processed into the chip system 1200 for processing.

As one approach, the chip system 1200 is used to implement the operations performed by the sending end and the receiving end in the various method embodiments described above.

For example, logic circuit 1210 is used to implement the processing-related operations of the sending end and receiving end in the above method embodiments, such as the processing-related operations of the sending end and receiving end in any of the embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 9. That is to say, logic circuit 1210 is used to implement the function of the above processing unit 1020; input/output interface 1220 is used to implement the sending and/or receiving-related operations of the sending end and receiving end in the above method embodiments, such as the sending and/or receiving-related operations performed by the sending end and receiving end in any of the embodiments shown in Figures 5 to 9. That is to say, input/output interface 1220 is used to implement the function of the above transceiver unit 1010.

This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for implementing the methods executed by the sending end and the receiving end in the above-described method embodiments.

For example, when the computer program is executed by the computer, it enables the computer to implement the methods executed by the sending end and the receiving end in the various embodiments of the above methods.

This application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed by a computer, implement the methods performed by the sending end and the receiving end in the above-described method embodiments.

The explanations and beneficial effects of the relevant contents in any of the devices provided above can be referred to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and will not be repeated here.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of apparatus or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims (32)

A communication method, characterized in that it includes: The first bit stream is modulated based on the first modulation scheme to obtain the first data signal; The second bitstream is modulated based on the second modulation scheme to obtain the second data signal; Transmit a reference signal and a second data signal, wherein the reference signal includes the first data signal and a demodulated reference signal (DMRS) sequence, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence being located in different frequency domain resources, and the reference signal and the second data signal being located in different time domain resources; The order of the first modulation scheme is lower than that of the second modulation scheme. According to the method of claim 1, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence, and the root of the ZC sequence is one of the first root sets. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first root set is related to the length of the ZC sequence. According to the method of claim 1, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) symbol sequence. According to the method of claim 4, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence, comprising: When the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the sequence of the DMRS is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized in that the reference signal further includes a first signal, the first signal occupying a first reserved subcarrier, the second data signal further includes a second signal, the second signal occupying a second reserved subcarrier, and the number of the first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of the second reserved subcarriers. According to the method of claim 6, the first reserved subcarrier and the DMRS sequence are located on different subcarriers, wherein, The first reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal; and/or, The first reserved subcarrier is evenly distributed over the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The second reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal; and/or, The second reserved subcarrier is evenly distributed across the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, before transmitting the reference signal and the second data signal, the method further comprises: The reference signal and the second data signal are subjected to frequency domain spectral shaping (FDSS) processing. The method according to claim 9, wherein the FDSS processing of the reference signal and the second data signal comprises: The filter used for FDSS processing of the reference signal is different from the filter used for FDSS processing of the second data signal. The method according to claim 9, wherein the FDSS processing of the reference signal and the second data signal comprises: The roll-off factor of the window function used for the FDSS processing of the reference signal is greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for the FDSS processing of the second data signal. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The energy per resource unit (EPRE) of the first data signal is lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence. A communication method, characterized in that it includes: Receive a reference signal and a second data signal, wherein the reference signal includes a first data signal and a DMRS sequence, the first data signal and the DMRS sequence are located in different frequency domain resources, and the reference signal and the second data signal are located in different time domain resources; The first data signal is obtained by modulating the first bit stream based on the first modulation scheme, and the second data signal is obtained by modulating the second bit stream based on the second modulation scheme. The order of the first modulation scheme is lower than the order of the second modulation scheme. The method according to claim 13 is characterized in that the DMRS sequence is generated based on the ZC sequence, and the root of the ZC sequence is one of the first root sets. The method according to claim 14, wherein the first root set is related to the length of the ZC sequence. The method according to claim 13 is characterized in that the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence. The method according to claim 16, wherein the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence, comprising: When the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the first threshold, the DMRS sequence is generated based on the Pi/2-BPSK symbol sequence. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 17 is characterized in that the reference signal further includes a first signal, the first signal occupying a first reserved subcarrier, the second data signal further includes a second signal, the second signal occupying a second reserved subcarrier, and the number of the first reserved subcarriers is greater than the number of the second reserved subcarriers. According to the method of claim 18, the first reserved subcarrier and the DMRS sequence are located on different subcarriers, wherein, The first reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal; and/or, The first reserved subcarrier is evenly distributed over the frequency domain resources occupied by the reference signal. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, The second reserved subcarrier is located on one or both sides of the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal; and/or, The second reserved subcarrier is evenly distributed across the frequency domain resources occupied by the second data signal. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 20 is characterized in that the reference signal and the second data signal are processed by FDSS. The method according to claim 21, wherein the reference signal and the second data signal have undergone FDSS processing, including: The filter used for the FDSS processing of the reference signal is different from the filter used for the FDSS processing of the second data signal. The method according to claim 21, wherein the reference signal and the second data signal have undergone FDSS processing, including: The roll-off factor of the window function used for the FDSS processing of the reference signal is greater than the roll-off factor of the window function used for the FDSS processing of the second data signal. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 23 is characterized in that, The EPRE of the first data signal is lower than the EPRE of the DMRS sequence. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the reference signal comprises the first data signal and the DMRS sequence, including: When the order of the second modulation scheme is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the reference signal includes the first data signal and the DMRS sequence. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the method further comprises: Send indication information, the indication information being used to indicate that the reference signal includes the first data signal. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that, The first bitstream and the second bitstream belong to the same codeword; or, The first bit stream and the second bit stream belong to different codewords. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that, The reference signal and the second data signal occupy different bandwidths; and/or, The first bandwidth expansion factor is greater than or equal to the second bandwidth expansion factor, wherein the first bandwidth expansion factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the first signal included in the reference signal to the bandwidth occupied by the reference signal, and the second bandwidth expansion factor is the ratio of the bandwidth occupied by the second signal included in the second data signal to the bandwidth occupied by the second data signal. A communication device, characterized in that it comprises: A processor for executing a computer program stored in a memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 or the method as claimed in any one of claims 13 to 28. A chip, characterized in that it includes a processor coupled to a memory for storing a computer program, the processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, or the processor for executing the computer program stored in the memory to implement the method as described in any one of claims 13 to 28. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program or instructions stored thereon, characterized in that, when executed by a processor, the computer program or instructions cause the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12 or the method as claimed in any one of claims 13 to 28 to be performed. A computer program product comprising instructions that, when run on a computer, causes the method of any one of claims 1 to 12 to be performed or the method of any one of claims 13 to 28 to be performed.