WO2025130990A1 - 肿瘤微环境激活的药物偶联物及抗体药物偶联物 - Google Patents
肿瘤微环境激活的药物偶联物及抗体药物偶联物 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
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- A61K47/56—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule
- A61K47/59—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes
- A61K47/60—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyureas or polyurethanes the organic macromolecular compound being a polyoxyalkylene oligomer, polymer or dendrimer, e.g. PEG, PPG, PEO or polyglycerol
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- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
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- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/68—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an antibody, an immunoglobulin or a fragment thereof, e.g. an Fc-fragment
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
- A61P35/02—Antineoplastic agents specific for leukemia
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, and specifically relates to a tumor microenvironment activated drug conjugate and an antibody drug conjugate.
- antibody-drug conjugates need to enter tumor cells through endocytosis to produce drug effects, and release effector molecules with cell-killing effects through degradation in the cells, thereby achieving tumor inhibition.
- antibody-drug conjugates have been developed for many years, and currently only two types of linkers that can be activated by cathepsin B have been successful, and they must enter tumor cells through endocytosis, which has become the main influencing factor limiting the drug development of various antibodies.
- the tetrapeptide Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly (GGFG) is a cathepsin B-activatable linker, and the ADC drug Enhertu uses this type of linker.
- Daiichi Sankyo's Enhertu is a plasma-stable ADC with a DAR of 7.7. It undergoes protease degradation in lysosomes to release DX-8951f derivatives, which is an effective topoisomerase I inhibitor derived from Exatecan. Due to the specificity of the GGFG linker, it is very impressive to achieve such a high DAR, which also shows that the structure-activity relationship between the linker and the toxin molecule is the key to developing an ADC drug.
- the GGFG linker combined with the DX-8951f derivative will cause interstitial pneumonia toxicity, including Enhertu (T-Dxd), Datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd), Raludotatug deruxtecan (R-DXd), Ifinatamab deruxtecan (I-DXd) all clinically showed interstitial pneumonia.
- Enhertu T-Dxd
- Datopotamab deruxtecan Datopotamab deruxtecan
- R-DXd Raludotatug deruxtecan
- I-DXd Ifinatamab deruxtecan
- GGFG is a cathepsin B activation linker, which will produce a certain release in the lungs.
- leucopenia is highly expressed in tumors, and developed a leucopenia-activated small molecule conjugate drug, leucopenia.
- a leucopenia-activated small molecule conjugate drug leucopenia.
- hundreds of patients treated with new chemotherapy did not develop interstitial pneumonia, indicating that leucopenia activation is more specific to tumor tissues than cathepsin B.
- DX-8951f derivatives and immune agonist T785 are far more toxic than conventional chemotherapy drugs such as doxorubicin and paclitaxel, and it is more difficult to develop them into broad-spectrum small molecule conjugate drugs.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a drug conjugate and an antibody drug conjugate with strong specificity and high stability, and their use in treating and/or preventing cancer and/or inflammation.
- the drug conjugate and the antibody drug conjugate of the present invention are activated only in a pathological microenvironment (e.g., in a tumor microenvironment or an inflammatory site), release active molecules, overcome drug resistance, and reduce toxicity.
- R 1 is a chemical structure coupled to a biological molecule or does not exist;
- R 2 and R 2 ' are each independently a chemical structure for enhancing the structure-activity relationship;
- D contains -AAN- and a cytotoxic structure, and D is selected from X1-X5.
- the present invention also provides an antibody-drug conjugate, a stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein the antibody-drug conjugate is represented by formula (III): R 3 -(R 1 -R 2 -D) x Formula (III);
- R 3 is an antibody; R 1 , R 2 , and D are as defined in any embodiment herein; and x is an integer selected from 1-8.
- the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition, comprising: (i) the drug conjugate and/or antibody drug conjugate described in any embodiment herein, or a stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and (iii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- the present invention also provides use of the drug conjugate and/or antibody drug conjugate described in any embodiment herein in the preparation of a drug for treating and/or preventing tumors and/or inflammation.
- Figure 1 Enzyme cleavage spectrum of control compound Y.
- Figure 4 Enzymatic cleavage spectrum of Deruxtecan under the action of Cathepsin B enzyme.
- Figure 5 Enzyme cleavage spectrum of S16 in lung tissue.
- Figure 6 Enzymatic cleavage spectrum of Deruxtecan in lung tissue.
- FIG. 7 Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) of Trastuzumab-PEG6-AAN-AM-Dxd (DAR8).
- Figure 8 MS spectrum of Atezolizumab Ab-C5-AAN-PABC-T785 (DAR8).
- FIG. 9 HIC spectrum of Atezolizumab Ab-AAN-T785 (DAR8).
- FIG 10 MS spectrum of Atezolizumab Ab-C5-AAN-T785 (DAR8).
- Figure 11 Efficacy of high-dose small molecule drug conjugates based on TLR7/8 agonists (S5) alone and in combination with legubicin.
- Figure 12 Efficacy of high-dose small molecule drug conjugates based on TLR7/8 agonists (S5) alone and in combination with CTLA-4 antibodies.
- Figure 13 Inhibitory effect of anti-HER2 antibody coupled with Dxd drug molecule based on Affinity linker2 on gastric cancer tumors.
- Figure 14 Inhibitory effect of anti-LY6G6D antibody-coupled Dxd drug molecule based on Affinity linker2 on colon cancer tumor model.
- FIG. 15 Inhibitory effect of PDL1-Dxd in the MC38 tumor model.
- Figure 16 Inhibitory effect of Affinity linker4-based anti-PD-L1 antibody coupled with T785 drug on large tumors.
- FIG. 17 Tumor growth inhibition effect of 7B6-DXD in the mouse subcutaneous HT-55 transplanted tumor model.
- Figure 18 Comparison of the stability of S15 coupled to albumin and after coupling and ring opening.
- Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the structure of bispecific antibody-drug conjugates.
- FIG. 20 Inhibitory effect of EGFR/Cmet-T785 in the NCI-H292 tumor model.
- FIG. 21 Inhibitory effect of EGFR/Cmet-Dxd in the NCI-H292 tumor model.
- Figure 22 Tumor volume of human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 nude mouse xenograft tumor model after administration of S41.
- Figure 23 Tumor volume in the human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 nude mouse xenograft model after administration of S41.
- Figure 25 Tumor volume in the mouse colon cancer CT-26 nude mouse xenograft model after administration of S41 and/or anti-PD1 antibodies.
- Figure 26 Tumor volume in the mouse colon cancer CT-26 nude mouse transplant tumor model after administration of S41.
- the small molecule drug Legumain activated by the inventor previously developed contains AANL-DOX, and Legutaxel contains AAN-PABC-taxel and paclitaxel. At present, it has been patented in China and is undergoing key clinical phase II/III and clinical phase I experiments respectively. However, the toxicity of doxorubicin and paclitaxel cannot meet the more severe toxicity requirements used by ADC, so it is necessary to innovate and produce a conjugate structure with a new structure-activity relationship. Studies have found that Legumain forms a complex with integrin, which can efficiently activate a specific substrate structure on the surface of tumor cells.
- Legumain as an activating enzyme, combined with various toxins and immune agonist chemical structures, as well as auxiliary structures and connecting structures for a large number of structural screenings, and obtained a restrictive special conjugate structure through biological mechanism of action, in vitro and in vivo efficacy.
- conjugate structures are highly stable in human plasma, and can efficiently activate and release compatible chemical molecules in the tumor microenvironment (outside tumor cells). Therefore, compared with traditional ADCs, this new release method can better exert the bystander effect and activate adjacent immune cells when the payload drug is an immune agonist. It has a different drug-making mechanism and scalability from traditional ADCs.
- the compound can be used as a drug conjugate for preparing ADC.
- R1 is a chemical structure coupled to a biological molecule or does not exist;
- R2 is an adjustment chemical structure for enhancing the structure-activity relationship;
- D is -AAN-linker-drug.
- R 1 is preferably selected from:
- the wavy line indicates the position where R1 and R2 are connected.
- R1 is selected from:
- R 1 is absent.
- R2 is selected from:
- R 4 is a monovalent group or a divalent group, and when R 4 is connected to other parts of the compound, it is a divalent group, selected from: C 1-6 alkyl or C 1-6 alkylene; C 1-6 alkyl-C 3-8 cycloalkylene- or C 1-6 alkylene-C 3-8 cycloalkylene-; -CO-C 1-6 alkylene-; C 1-6 alkyl-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) m -C 1-6 alkylene- or C 1-6 alkylene-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) m -C 1-6 alkylene-; -NH-C 1-6 alkylene; C 1-6 alkylene-CONH-C 1-6 alkylene-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) m -C 1-6 alkylene-; and -NH-C 1-6 alkylene-C 3-8 cycloalkylene;
- R 5 is a monovalent group or a divalent group, and when R 5 is connected to other parts of the compound, it is a divalent group, selected from: C 1-6 alkyl-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) m -; C 1-6 alkylene-CONH-C 1-6 alkylene-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) m -; -CO-C 1-6 alkylene-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) n -;
- R4 and R5 are divalent groups, and the other is a monovalent group;
- R 6 is absent or is -NH-C 1-6 alkylene-triazolyl-C 1-6 alkylenecarbonyl or -NH-C 1-6 alkylene-triazolyl-C 1-6 alkylene-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) n -C 1-6 alkylene-NHCO-C 1-6 alkyleneoxy - C 1-6 alkylenecarbonyl;
- L 2 and L 3 are each independently a bond or a C 1-6 alkylene group
- L 4 are each independently C 1-6 alkylene
- L 5 is a bond, C 1-6 alkyleneoxy-C 1-6 alkylenecarbonyl or C 1-6 alkylenecarbonyl;
- L 6 is C 1-6 alkylene
- L 7 is C 1-6 alkylene or -C 3-8 cycloalkylene-C 1-6 alkylene
- alkylene has a well-known meaning in the art and refers to a divalent alkyl group, such as methylene (-CH 2 -), ethylene (-CH 2 CH 2 -), etc.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group can be, for example, 1-55, 1-20, 1-10, 1-6 or 1-4.
- cycloalkyl has the well-known meaning herein and refers to a saturated carbocyclic ring.
- the number of carbon atoms in the ring of cycloalkyl can generally be 3-8, such as 3-6.
- Exemplary cycloalkyls include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl, etc.
- cycloalkylene to divalent cycloalkyl i.e., there are two ring carbon atoms for connection with the other parts of the compound.
- R2 is:
- R4 is a monovalent group or a divalent group, and is a divalent group when connected to other parts of the compound, selected from: C1-6 alkyl or C1-6 alkylene; and C1-6 alkyl- C3-8 cycloalkylene- or C1-6 alkylene- C3-8 cycloalkylene-;
- R 5 is a monovalent group or a divalent group, and when R 5 is connected to other parts of the compound, it is a divalent group, selected from: C 1-6 alkyl-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) m -; or C 1-6 alkylene-CONH-C 1-6 alkylene-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) m -;
- R4 and R5 are divalent groups, and the other is a monovalent group;
- R 6 does not exist
- L 2 and L 3 are each independently a bond or a C 1-6 alkylene group
- L 4 are each independently C 1-6 alkylene
- L 5 is a bond, C 1-6 alkyleneoxy-C 1-6 alkylenecarbonyl or C 1-6 alkylenecarbonyl;
- L 6 is C 1-6 alkylene
- L 7 is C 1-6 alkylene or -C 3-8 cycloalkylene-C 1-6 alkylene
- R 2 is selected from:
- o is independently an integer of 1-20, and m and n are independently an integer of 1-50.
- o is independently an integer of 1 to 10.
- m and n are each independently an integer of 1 to 40, or are each independently an integer of 1 to 30, 2 to 40, 5 to 35, 10 to 25, 15 to 20, or 2 to 10.
- R2 is selected from:
- o is independently an integer of 1-10
- n and m are independently an integer of 2-20.
- the wavy line indicates where D and R2 are connected.
- the drug conjugate represented by formula (I) is selected from:
- R 1 is as described in any embodiment herein.
- the compound of formula (I) is selected from the following compounds S1 to S59:
- the drug conjugate described herein has a chemical structure represented by R 2 ′-D (Formula II), wherein R 2 ′ is a chemical structure for enhancing the structure-activity relationship, and the structure of D is represented by any one of X1-X5.
- R 4 is selected from: C 1-6 alkyl; C 1-6 alkyl-C 3-8 cycloalkylene-; COOH-C 1-6 alkylene-; C 1-6 alkyl-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) m C 1-6 alkylene-; NH 2 -C 1-6 alkylene; C 1-6 alkyl-CONH-C 1-6 alkylene-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) m -C 1-6 alkylene-; and NH 2 -C 1-6 alkylene-C 3-8 cycloalkylene;
- R 5 is selected from: C 1-6 alkyl-(O—CH 2 CH 2 —O) m -; C 1-6 alkyl-CONH-C 1-6 alkylene-(O—CH 2 CH 2 —O) m -; COOH-C 1-6 alkylene-(O—CH 2 CH 2 —O) n -;
- R 6 is absent, or is -NH-C 1-6 alkylene-triazolyl-C 1-6 alkylenecarbonyl, or -NH-C 1-6 alkylene-triazolyl-C 1-6 alkylene-(O-CH 2 CH 2 -O) n -C 1-6 alkylene-NHCO-C 1-6 alkyleneoxy-C 1-6 alkylenecarbonyl;
- L 2 and L 3 are each independently a bond or a C 1-6 alkylene group
- L 4 are each independently C 1-6 alkylene
- L 5 is a bond, C 1-6 alkyleneoxy-C 1-6 alkylenecarbonyl or C 1-6 alkylenecarbonyl;
- L 6 is C 1-6 alkylene
- L 7 is C 1-6 alkylene or -C 3-8 cycloalkylene-C 1-6 alkylene
- n and m is independently an integer of 1-50, and p is 0 or 1; when p is 0, the -NH-[CO-R 4 ] p group is -NH 2 .
- R 2 ' is selected from: wherein o is independently an integer of 1-20, and m and n are each independently an integer of 1-50.
- R 2 ' is selected from:
- n and m are each independently an integer of 2-20.
- the drug conjugate represented by formula (II) is selected from:
- an antibody fragment or antigen-binding fragment refers to an antigen-binding fragment of an antibody, i.e., an antibody fragment that retains the ability of a full-length antibody to specifically bind to an antigen, such as a fragment that retains one or more CDR regions.
- antigen-binding fragments include, but are not limited to, Fab, Fab', F(ab')2, and Fv fragments; diabodies; linear antibodies; single-chain antibodies (scFv); nanobodies and multispecific antibodies formed from antibody fragments.
- the VH region contains the following structure: N-terminus-[HFR1]-[HCDR1]-[HFR2]-[HCDR2]-[HFR3]-[HCDR3]-[HFR4]-C-terminus
- the VL region contains the following structure: N-terminus-[LFR1]-[LCDR1]-[LFR2]-[LCDR2]-[LFR3]-[LCDR3]-[LFR4]-C-terminus.
- Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include sugars, such as lactose or sucrose, mannitol or sorbitol; cellulose preparations and/or calcium phosphates, such as tricalcium phosphate or calcium hydrogen phosphate; starches, including corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, gelatin, tragacanth, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and/or polyvinylpyrrolidone; silicon dioxide, talc, stearic acid or its salts, such as magnesium stearate or calcium stearate; and/or polyethylene glycol, etc.
- the main consideration is the mode of administration of the pharmaceutical dosage form. This is well known in the art.
- the pharmaceutical composition may contain a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of a drug conjugate or a stereoisomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and/or an antibody drug conjugate or a stereoisomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- An "effective amount” means that the amount of a component is sufficient to produce the desired response.
- the specific effective amount depends on various factors, such as the specific disease to be treated, the patient's physical condition, such as body weight, age and sex, the duration of treatment, the co-administered treatment (if any), and the specific formulation used.
- an "effective amount" as described herein is a conventional amount of a biomolecule.
- the therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of the conjugate contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may be lower than the conventional amount of the biomolecule but may produce a better therapeutic or prophylactic effect because the biomolecule is protected by a protective group before reaching the pathological microenvironment to bind to its ligand or receptor.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be formulated into various suitable dosage forms, including but not limited to tablets, capsules, injections, etc., and can be administered by any suitable route to achieve the desired purpose.
- it can be administered parenterally, subcutaneously, intravenously, intramuscularly, intraperitoneally, transdermally, orally, intrathecally, intracranially, intranasally or externally.
- the dosage of the drug can depend on the patient's age, health status and weight, concurrent treatments, and the frequency of treatment, etc.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be applied to any subject in need thereof, for example, as a mammal, especially a human being.
- the conjugate of the present invention can release toxins (D) through the pathway of biomolecule endocytosis into lysosomes, or can be released through the pathway of proteolytic enzyme hydrolysis in the acidic microenvironment of the tumor, especially Legumain or granzyme.
- the biomolecule in the antibody-drug conjugate of the present invention is Trastuzumab, anti-Trop-2 antibody or anti-PD-L1 antibody, etc.
- the proteolytic enzyme hydrolysis pathway of the acidic microenvironment of the tumor can release toxins more efficiently, thereby exerting better drug efficacy. Therefore, the conjugate of the present invention can effectively break through the problem of bioconjugate drug release efficiency, and the toxin is efficiently released in the pathological microenvironment.
- Each drug conjugate or its stereoisomer or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and each antibody drug conjugate or its stereoisomer or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt disclosed in the present invention can be used to treat and/or prevent tumors or inflammation, or can be used as an active ingredient for preparing a drug for treating tumors or inflammation.
- the diseases that can be treated by the drug conjugates, stereoisomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and antibody drug conjugates, stereoisomers or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof disclosed in the present invention are related to the active ingredients contained in the conjugates.
- the indications of these active ingredients are well known in the art.
- the tumors described herein may include hematological tumors and solid tumors, including but not limited to sarcomas (such as fibrosarcomas), bladder cancer, brain cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, kidney cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, skin cancer, stomach cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, testicular cancer and blood cancer, etc.
- sarcomas such as fibrosarcomas
- bladder cancer such as fibrosarcomas
- brain cancer such as breast cancer, cervical cancer
- colorectal cancer esophageal cancer
- kidney cancer liver cancer
- lung cancer nasopharyngeal cancer
- pancreatic cancer prostate cancer
- skin cancer stomach cancer
- uterine cancer ovarian cancer
- testicular cancer and blood cancer etc.
- the present invention also includes a method for treating or preventing tumors or inflammation, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically or prophylactically effective amount of a drug conjugate as described herein or its stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an antibody drug conjugate, or its stereoisomer or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition as described herein.
- This method can be used in combination with any known radiotherapy or immunotherapy.
- the present invention also provides the use of the drug conjugate described herein or its stereoisomer or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, and/or the antibody drug conjugate, or its stereoisomer or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt in the preparation of an anti-tumor drug.
- the tumor is selected from a blood tumor and a solid tumor.
- the tumor includes but is not limited to sarcoma (such as fibrosarcoma), bladder cancer, brain cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, kidney cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, skin cancer, gastric cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, testicular cancer and blood cancer.
- the inventors have prepared trastuzumab-drug conjugates, atezolizumab-drug conjugates, anti-SSTR2 antibody-drug conjugates, and anti-LY6G6D antibody-drug conjugates through continuous experimental screening. These are tumor-targeted and efficiently activated macromolecular conjugates with innovative multifunctional targeted activation properties: (1) The tumor microenvironment-targeted activated antibody-drug conjugates of the present invention have aggregation, retention and activation effects at the tumor site, and have the characteristics of targeting the tumor microenvironment and efficiently releasing the load. (2) The tumor microenvironment-targeted conjugates of the present invention can be specifically activated or broken by tumor tissue to locally generate effective drugs.
- Exotecan, resimod or their derivatives containing the AAN sequence in the linker are directly converted into macromolecules by conjugation with trastuzumab or certolizumab, which changes the various properties of the drug, improves the efficacy, and can change the indication restrictions of the drug.
- trastuzumab or certolizumab which changes the various properties of the drug, improves the efficacy, and can change the indication restrictions of the drug.
- tumor cells metastasize they usually secrete a large amount of protease hydrolases to degrade the intercellular matrix, so the protease hydrolases activated conjugates have special therapeutic effects on the treatment of tumor metastasis, and the antibody-drug conjugates of the present invention have high activation efficiency.
- a typical preparation method of the compound is as follows:
- the compound Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-Ac-OH (1.0 eq) and isoproterenol methanesulfonate (1.0 eq) were dissolved in DMF, cooled to 0°C, and the condensation agent DEPBT (1.2 eq) and the organic base DIPEA (2.0 eq) were added in sequence under nitrogen protection, and stirred at room temperature for 2-3 hours. TLC monitored that the reaction was complete. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuo, redissolved in DMF, filtered, and the compound Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-DXd was prepared by high pressure liquid phase as a light yellow product.
- the compound Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-DXd (1.0 eq) was dissolved in DMF, piperidine (2.0 eq) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h under nitrogen protection. TLC monitored that the reaction was complete. The reaction solution was redissolved, the solution was filtered, and then the compound H-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-DXd was prepared by high pressure liquid phase as a light yellow product.
- the compound Boc-Glu(PEG8)-OtBu (600 mg, 0.897 mmol) was dissolved in a mixed solvent (10 mL) of DCM/TFA with a volume ratio of 1/1 and stirred for 1 h. The reaction solution was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in DCM and repeatedly concentrated to remove residual TFA. The oily compound H-Glu(PEG8)-OH (450 mg, yield 98%) was obtained.
- the preparation method of the antibody drug conjugate is as follows: tri(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) (1-40eq) is added to the antibody buffer for reduction (0.5-16 hours), and the above-mentioned drug conjugate (2-40eq) is added for reaction (0.5-16 hours) to form the antibody drug conjugate. Then, the antibody drug conjugate is purified by column chromatography and filtration to obtain a pure product.
- TCEP tri(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine
- trastuzumab-S15 HER2-S15
- anti-LY6G6D antibody-S15 LY6G6D-PEG6-AAN-AM-DXD
- atezolizumab-S5 PD-L1-TLR7/8
- atezolizumab-S16 PD-L1-PEG-K (MI-PEG)-AAN-AM-DXd
- anti-GCC antibody-S16 was about 8.
- the names in brackets correspond to the names in the figure.
- HER2 refers to trastuzumab (Chemical Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.);
- PD-L1 refers to atezolizumab (the amino acid sequences of its light chain variable region and heavy chain variable region are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1 and 2, respectively; the light chain and heavy chain are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 3 and 4, respectively);
- Anti-SSTR2 refers to anti-SSTR2 antibody;
- LY6G6D refers to anti-LY6G6D antibody (the amino acid sequences of its light chain variable region and heavy chain variable region are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 5 and 6, respectively); the amino acid sequences of the light chain variable region and heavy chain variable region of the anti-GCC antibody are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 7 and 8, respectively.
- Affinity linker2 EMC-PEG6-AAN-AM-Dxd(S15);
- Affinity linker4 EMC-C5-AAN-T785(S5).
- Affinity linker5 PEG-K(MI-PEG)-AAN-AM-DXd(S16)
- Figure 7 shows the hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) of trastuzumab-S15
- Figure 8 shows the MS spectrum of atezolizumab-S5
- Figure 9 shows the HIC spectrum of atezolizumab-S5
- Figure 10 shows the MS spectrum of atezolizumab-S5.
- mice BALB/c mice, 8-week-old female (Shanghai Lingchang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.).
- Cells Cells from the Chinese Academy of Sciences Cell Bank were cultured in RPMI Medium 1640 (1x) containing 10% fetal bovine serum at 37°C, 5% CO2 , and passaged every 3 days. Cells were used within 15 generations.
- Tumor generation 0.3 ⁇ 10 6 CT26 cells were subcutaneously injected into the back of BALB/c mice. When the tumor grew to about 160 mm 3 , the mice were randomly divided into groups and treatment began.
- Treatment course Administer the drug through the tail vein once a week for three weeks.
- the TGI% in the present invention is the tumor growth inhibition rate of the drug.
- TMEA-TLR7/8 is compound S5.
- mice BALB/c mice, 8-week-old female (Shanghai Lingchang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.).
- Cells Cells from the Chinese Academy of Sciences Cell Bank were cultured in RPMI Medium 1640 (1x) containing 10% fetal bovine serum at 37°C, 5% CO2 , and passaged every 3 days. Cells were used within 15 generations.
- Tumor generation 0.3 ⁇ 10 6 CT26 cells were subcutaneously injected into the back of BALB/c mice. When the tumor grew to about 160 mm 3 , the mice were randomly divided into groups and treatment began.
- Treatment process Tail vein administration, CTLA-4 is administered twice a week, TMEA-TRL7/8 is administered once a week, for a total of three weeks.
- Cells Cells from the Chinese Academy of Sciences Cell Bank were cultured in RPMI Medium 1640 (1x) containing 10% fetal bovine serum at 37°C, 5% CO2 , and passaged every 7 days. Cells were used within 15 generations.
- Treatment course Intraperitoneal administration, twice a week, for 3 weeks.
- Ring-opening process After the compound is coupled to albumin, it is incubated at 25-50°C for 24-60h in a 30-80mM sodium bicarbonate buffer with a pH of 5.0-10.0. After incubation, a 3K ultrafiltration tube is used to detect the ring-opening condition by LC-MS high-resolution mass spectrometry.
- the molecular weight after coupling with albumin is 67702.78, and the molecular weight after ring-opening of coupling with albumin is 67721.57.
- HSA-Compound-OR HSA-Compound-open-ring samples
- the percentage of DXD released after the drug enters the lung tissue homogenate is calculated using the following formula:
- the bispecific conjugate drug can target two antigens at the same time, and its targeting method is the two forms shown in Figure 19, wherein Anti-Antigen 1 is selected from any one of EGFR, Trop2, and Cmet; Anti-Antigen 2 is selected from any one of EGFR, Trop2, and Cmet.
- the heavy chain amino acid sequence of the bispecific antibody in EGFR/Cmet-T785 is shown in SEQ ID NO: 9, and the light chain amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 11;
- the heavy chain amino acid sequence of the bispecific antibody in EGFR/Cmet-Dxd is shown in SEQ ID NO: 10;
- the light chain amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 12;
- the light chain amino acid sequence of the bispecific antibody in EGFR/Trop2 is shown in SEQ ID NO: 13, and the heavy chain amino acid sequence is shown in SEQ ID NO: 14.
- NCI-H292 cells expressing human HGF were mixed with Matrigel in a 1:1 ratio in PBS and inoculated subcutaneously in the right flank of SCID Beige mice in a total volume of 100 ⁇ L. Treatment was started when the average tumor size reached 139 mm3. The dosage of the test article and the number of animals in each study group are shown in Table 21 below. The date of tumor cell inoculation was recorded as day 0.
- mice Prior to starting treatment, all animals were weighed and tumor volumes were measured. Because tumor volume can affect the effectiveness of any given treatment, mice were divided into groups using a randomized block design based on tumor volume. This ensures that all groups are comparable at baseline.
- a randomized block design is used to divide experimental animals into groups. First, the experimental animals are divided into uniform blocks based on their initial tumor volume. Second, within each block, the experimental animals are randomized to treatment. Using a randomized block design to assign experimental animals ensures that each animal has the same probability of being assigned to a given treatment, thereby reducing systematic error.
- the endpoint of the study is whether the tumor growth can be delayed or whether the tumor-bearing mice can be cured.
- the tumor size was measured twice a week in two dimensions using a caliper.
- NCI-H292 cells expressing human HGF were mixed with Matrigel in a 1:1 ratio in PBS and inoculated subcutaneously in the right flank of SCID Beige mice in a total volume of 100 ⁇ L. Treatment was started when the average tumor size reached 139 mm3. The dosage of the test article and the number of animals in each study group are shown in Table 22 below. The date of tumor cell inoculation was recorded as day 0.
- mice Prior to starting treatment, all animals were weighed and tumor volumes were measured. Because tumor volume can affect the effectiveness of any given treatment, mice were divided into groups using a randomized block design based on tumor volume. This ensures that all groups are comparable at baseline.
- a randomized block design is used to divide experimental animals into groups. First, the experimental animals are divided into uniform blocks based on their initial tumor volume. Second, within each block, the experimental animals are randomized to treatment. Using a randomized block design to assign experimental animals ensures that each animal has the same probability of being assigned to a given treatment, thereby reducing systematic error.
- animals were examined for tumor growth and any effects of treatment on normal behavior, such as activity, visual estimates of food and water consumption, weight gain/loss (body weights were measured twice weekly), eye/hair matting, and any other abnormal effects.
- the endpoint of the study is whether the tumor growth can be delayed or whether the tumor-bearing mice can be cured.
- the tumor size was measured twice a week in two dimensions using a caliper.
- mice Prior to starting treatment, all animals were weighed and tumor volumes were measured. Because tumor volume can affect the effectiveness of any given treatment, mice were divided into groups using a randomized block design based on tumor volume. This ensures that all groups are comparable at baseline.
- a randomized block design is used to divide experimental animals into groups. First, the experimental animals are divided into uniform blocks based on their initial tumor volume. Second, within each block, the experimental animals are randomized to treatment. Using a randomized block design to assign experimental animals ensures that each animal has the same probability of being assigned to a given treatment, thereby reducing systematic error.
- mice Prior to starting treatment, all animals were weighed and tumor volumes were measured. Because tumor volume can affect the effectiveness of any given treatment, mice were divided into groups using a randomized block design based on tumor volume. This ensures that all groups are comparable at baseline.
- a randomized block design is used to divide experimental animals into groups. First, the experimental animals are divided into uniform blocks based on their initial tumor volume. Second, within each block, the experimental animals are randomized to treatment. Using a randomized block design to assign experimental animals ensures that each animal has the same probability of being assigned to a given treatment, thereby reducing systematic error.
- animals were examined for tumor growth and any effects of treatment on normal behavior, such as activity, visual estimates of food and water consumption, weight gain/loss (body weights were measured twice weekly), eye/hair matting, and any other abnormal effects.
- the endpoint of the study is whether the tumor growth can be delayed or whether the tumor-bearing mice can be cured.
- the tumor size was measured twice a week in two dimensions using a caliper.
- Example 23 Pharmacodynamics and drug safety evaluation of S41 (QHL-1618) on human fibrosarcoma cell HT-1080 in a BALB/c nude mouse subcutaneous tumor model
- mice 32 female Balb/c nude mice were subcutaneously inoculated with human fibrosarcoma cells HT-1080 to construct a transplanted tumor model.
- vehicle Vehicle
- mice were randomly divided into 4 groups, with 8 mice in each group, and given vehicle (Vehicle), 2.47 mg/kg or 5 ⁇ mol/kg CPT-780 (positive control, S41 payload Dxd), 7.12 mg/kg or 5 ⁇ mol/kg S41, and 14.25 mg/kg or 10 ⁇ mol/kg S41 by tail vein injection.
- the dosage was 10 ml/kg, and the mice were given once a week for 3 weeks.
- Example 24 In vivo pharmacodynamic study of the test compound on human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 in a BALB/c nude mouse subcutaneous transplant tumor model
- mice 30 female Balb/c mice were subcutaneously inoculated with human fibrosarcoma HT-1080 cells to construct a transplant tumor model.
- the average volume of the transplant tumor reached 161 mm3 , they were randomly divided into 5 groups, with 6 mice in each group, and given lysozyme (Vehicle), 1.63 mg/kg or 3.3 ⁇ mol/kg CPT-780 (positive control, S41 payload Dxd), 1.57 mg/kg or 1.1 ⁇ mol/kg S41, 4.70 mg/kg or 3.3 ⁇ mol/kg S41, and 14.25 mg/kg or 10 ⁇ mol/kg S41 by tail vein injection.
- the dosage was 10 ⁇ l/g, and the mice were given once a week for 17 days.
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Abstract
本发明涉肿瘤微环境激活的药物偶联物结构及抗体药物偶联物。具体而言,本发明提供具有式R1-R2-D或R2'-D所示的化学结构的药物偶联物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R1为与生物分子偶联的化学结构或不存在,R2和R2'各自独立为增强构效关系的调整化学结构,D选自X1-X5所示的结构。本发明还提供含有该药物偶联物的抗体药物偶联物。
Description
本发明属于药物化学领域,具体地涉及一种肿瘤微环境激活的药物偶联物及抗体药物偶联物。
为了提高抗体或蛋白偶联药物治疗窗口,人们一直致力于提高偶联药物的肿瘤特异性和释放效率。近年来,在肿瘤分子生物学及其他基础学科的发展的推动下,肿瘤靶向治疗药物的研究和开发在多方面取得很大进展。
利用抗体序列中的天然半胱氨酸,将效应分子与抗体连接的方法已经得到广泛应用,如细胞毒素,免疫激动剂,免疫拮抗剂等,进一步推广了抗体的使用。通常,抗体偶联药物产生药效需要先通过内吞进入肿瘤细胞,在细胞内通过降解方式释放有细胞杀伤作用的效应分子,从而实现对肿瘤的抑制作用。然而抗体偶联药物发展了多年,目前只有组织蛋白酶B可激活的两类连接子获得成功,且必须通过内吞方式进入肿瘤细胞,这成为限制各种抗体成药的主要影响因素。
四肽Gly-Gly-Phe-Gly(GGFG)是组织蛋白酶B可激活的连接子,ADC药物Enhertu就使用了此类连接子。第一三共的Enhertu是一种血浆稳定的ADC,DAR为7.7,在溶酶体中发生蛋白酶降解,释放DX-8951f衍生物,这是一种有效的拓扑异构酶I抑制剂,来源于依喜替康Exatecan。由于GGFG连接子特殊性,达到如此高的DAR是非常可观的,这也说明连接子与毒素分子的构效关系,是开发成为ADC药物的关键。但是GGFG连接子配伍DX-8951f衍生物会带来间质性肺炎的毒性,包括Enhertu(T-Dxd),Datopotamab deruxtecan(Dato-DXd),Raludotatug deruxtecan(R-DXd),Ifinatamab deruxtecan(I-DXd)临床都出现间质性肺炎。T-DXd 8个单药治疗试验综合分析:879名不同肿瘤类型患者,139名(15.8%)患者已判定为发生ILD。108人发生了1级或2级事件,21人发生了5级事件。这可能是因为肺上皮细胞中表达组织蛋白酶B,GGFG为组织蛋白酶B激活Linker,都会在肺部产生一定释放。23个PD-1单一治疗试验综合分析:3284名不同肿瘤类型患者,4%患者发生ILD。未来,如果T-DXd与Pd-1治疗联合可能进一步提高ILD发生率。
我们发现莱古酶在肿瘤特异性的高表达,并开发了莱古酶激活的小分子偶联新药莱古比星,通过其临床发现几百例病人采用新型化疗,没有发生间质性肺炎,从而说明莱古酶激活比组织蛋白酶B更具有肿瘤组织的特异性。DX-8951f衍生物,以及免疫激动剂T785远比多柔比星和紫杉醇等常规化疗药物毒性更大,开发成广谱的小分子偶联药物难度更大。通过莱古酶可切割linker和毒素的多种连接和酶切激活,我们筛选到适合开发的AAN-毒素配伍,并通过R1,R2配伍linker和毒素筛选,我们得到了认为可以开发的目前临床前治疗指数极高的小分子偶联药物,这些小分子化合物即可单独成药,也可以通过EMC或其他的偶联方式偶联到抗体上形成抗体偶联药物。
本发明的目的是提供特异性强、稳定性高的药物偶联物和抗体药物偶联物,及其在治疗和/或预防癌症和/或炎症中的应用。本发明的药物偶联物和抗体药物偶联物仅在病理微环境(例如在肿瘤微环境或者炎性部位)中被激活,释放出活性分子,克服药物的耐药性,降低毒性。
具体而言,本发明提供一种药物偶联物,其具有式(I)或(II)所示的化学结构、及其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,
R1-R2-D (I)
R2'-D (II)
R1-R2-D (I)
R2'-D (II)
其中,R1为与生物分子偶联的化学结构或不存在;R2和R2'各自独立为增强构效关系的调整化学结构;D含有-AAN-和细胞毒性结构,D选自X1-X5。
本发明还提供一种抗体药物偶联物、其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐,所述抗体药物偶联物如式(III)所示:
R3-(R1-R2-D)x 式(III);
R3-(R1-R2-D)x 式(III);
其中,R3为抗体;R1、R2、D的定义如本文任一实施方案所述;x为选自1-8中的整数。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,所述药物组合物包括:(i)本文任一实施方案所述的药物偶联物和/或抗体药物偶联物、或其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐;和(iii)药学上可接受的载体。
本发明还提供本文任一实施方案所述的药物偶联物和/或抗体药物偶联物在制备用于治疗和/或预防肿瘤和/或炎症的药物中的用途。
图1:对照化合物Y的酶切谱图。
图2:化合物S5的酶切谱图。
图3:化合物S16的酶切谱图。
图4:Deruxtecan在CathepsinB酶的作用下的酶切谱图。
图5:S16在肺部组织的酶切谱图。
图6:Deruxtecan在肺部组织的酶切谱图。
图7:Trastuzumab(曲妥珠单抗)-PEG6-AAN-AM-Dxd(DAR8)的疏水相互作用色谱(HIC)。
图8:Atezolizumab Ab-C5-AAN-PABC-T785(DAR8)的MS谱图。
图9:Atezolizumab Ab-AAN-T785(DAR8)的HIC谱图。
图10:Atezolizumab Ab-C5-AAN-T785(DAR8)的MS谱图。
图11:高剂量的基于TLR7/8激动剂(S5)的小分子偶联药物单药和联合莱古比星的疗效。
图12:高剂量的基于TLR7/8激动剂(S5)的小分子偶联药物单药和联合CTLA-4抗体的疗效。
图13:基Affinity linker2的anti-HER2抗体偶联Dxd药物分子对胃癌肿瘤的抑制作用。
图14:基于Affinity linker2的anti-LY6G6D抗体偶联Dxd药物分子对结肠癌肿瘤模型的抑制作用。
图15:PDL1-Dxd在MC38肿瘤模型中的抑制作用。
图16:基于Affinity linker4的anti-PD-L1抗体偶联T785药物对大肿瘤的抑制作用。
图17:7B6-DXD在小鼠皮下的HT-55移植肿瘤模型的肿瘤生长抑制作用。
图18:S15偶联白蛋白和偶联开环后的稳定性比较图。
图19:双抗药物偶联物的结构示意图。
图20:EGFR/Cmet-T785在NCI-H292肿瘤模型中的抑制作用。
图21:EGFR/Cmet-Dxd在NCI-H292肿瘤模型中的抑制作用。
图22:人纤维肉瘤HT-1080裸小鼠移植瘤模型给予S41后的肿瘤体积。
图23:人纤维肉瘤HT-1080裸小鼠移植瘤模型给予S41后的肿瘤体积。
图24:小鼠结肠癌CT-26裸小鼠移植瘤模型给予S41后的肿瘤体积。
图25:小鼠结肠癌CT-26裸小鼠移植瘤模型给予S41和/或抗PD1抗体后的肿瘤体积。
图26:小鼠结肠癌CT-26裸小鼠移植瘤模型给予S41后的肿瘤体积。
应理解,在本发明范围中,本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文(如实施例)中具体描述的各技术特征之间都可以互相组合,从而构成优选的技术方案。
必须注意的是,如本文和所附权利要求中所使用的,单数形式“一”,“一个”,“并且”和“该”包括复数指示物,除非上下文另有明确说明。因此,例如,提及“一种抗体”包括多种抗体,并且提及“该抗体”包括提及一种或多种抗体及其本领域技术人员已知的等同物,等等。还应注意的是,可以起草权利要求以排除任何可选要素。因此,本声明旨在作为使用与权利要求元素的叙述相关的“单独”,“仅”等专用术语或使用“否定”限制的先行基础。
发明人之前开发的莱古酶(Legumain)激活的小分子药物莱古比星含有AANL-DOX,莱古杉醇含有AAN-PABC-taxel和紫杉醇,目前在中国已获专利授权并分别在进行关键的临床II/III期和临床I期实验。但阿霉素和紫杉醇的毒性无法满足ADC所使用的更为剧烈的毒物要求,因此需要创新产生具有新型构效关系的偶联体结构。研究发现莱古酶与integrin形成复合物,在肿瘤细胞表面就可高效的激活特定底物结构,因此发明人以莱古酶为激活酶,结合各种毒素和免疫激动剂化学结构,以及辅助结构和连接结构进行了大量结构筛选,并通过生物的作用机制,体外体内疗效,获得了限制性的特殊偶联体结构。这些偶联体结构在人血浆中高度稳定性,而在肿瘤微环境中(肿瘤细胞外)就可高效激活释放配伍的化学分子。因此与传统ADC相比,这种新型的释放方式在配伍的载荷药物为免疫激动剂时,能够更好发挥旁观者效应,激活附件的免疫细胞,与传统的ADC有不同的成药机理和扩展性。
药物偶联物
本文提供具有式(I)所示的化学结构的化合物、及其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐:
R1-R2-D (I);
R1-R2-D (I);
该化合物可用作药物偶联物,用于制备ADC。
式(I)中,R1为与生物分子偶联的化学结构或不存在;R2为增强构效关系的调整化学结构;D为-AAN-接头-药物。
本文中,R1优选选自:
和;
其中,波浪线表示R1与R2连接的位置。
优选地,R1选自:
和
在一些实施方案中,R1不存在。
在一些实施方案中,R2选自:
-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;
-C1-6亚烷基-O-*;
-C1-6亚烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;
-C1-6亚烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*;
-C1-6亚烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;
-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;
-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;
-NH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;
-NH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;
-NH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*;
-NH-C1-55亚烷基-CO-*;
-NH-C1-55亚烷基-NH-*;
-NH-C1-55亚烷基-O-*;
-CO-C1-55亚烷基-CO-*;
-CO-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;
-CO-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;
-CO-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*;
-CO-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;
-CO-C1-6亚烷基-NHCO-SO3H取代的C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;
其中:
*表示与D连接的位置;
R4为单价基团或二价基团,当R4与化合物的其它部分连接时为二价基团,选自:C1-6烷基或C1-6亚烷基;C1-6烷基-C3-8亚环烷基-或C1-6亚烷基-C3-8亚环烷基-;-CO-C1-6亚烷基-;C1-6烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-C1-6亚烷基-或C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-C1-6亚烷基-;-NH-C1-6亚烷基;C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-C1-6亚烷基-;和-NH-C1-6亚烷基-C3-8亚环烷基;
R5为单价基团或二价基团,当R5与化合物的其它部分连接时为二价基团,选自:C1-6烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-;C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-;-CO-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-;
R4和R5中一个为二价基团,另一个为单价基团;
R6不存在,或为-NH-C1-6亚烷基-三唑基-C1-6亚烷基羰基或-NH-C1-6亚烷基-三唑基-C1-
6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NHCO-C1-6亚烷氧基-C1-6亚烷基羰基;
L2和L3各自独立为键或C1-6亚烷基;
L4各自独立为C1-6亚烷基;
L5为键、C1-6亚烷氧基-C1-6亚烷基羰基或C1-6亚烷基羰基;
L6为C1-6亚烷基;
L7为C1-6亚烷基或-C3-8亚环烷基-C1-6亚烷基;
各n和m独立为1-50的整数。
本文中,亚烷基具有本领域周知含义,指二价的烷基,如亚甲基(-CH2-)、亚乙基(-CH2CH2-)等。亚烷基的碳原子数可以为例如1-55,1-20,1-10,1-6或1-4个。
本文中,环烷基具有本文周知含义,指饱和碳环。环烷基的环碳原子数通常可为3-8个,如3-6个。示例性的环烷基包括环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基等。本文中,亚环烷基至二价环烷基,即有两个环碳原子用于与化合物的其它部分连接。
在一些实施方案中,R2为:
其中:
R4为单价基团或二价基团,当R4与化合物的其它部分连接时为二价基团,选自:C1-6烷基或C1-6亚烷基;和C1-6烷基-C3-8亚环烷基-或C1-6亚烷基-C3-8亚环烷基-;
R5为单价基团或二价基团,当R5与化合物的其它部分连接时为二价基团,选自:C1-6烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-;或C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-;
R4和R5中一个为二价基团,另一个为单价基团;
R6不存在;
L2和L3各自独立为键或C1-6亚烷基;
L4各自独立为C1-6亚烷基;
L5为键、C1-6亚烷氧基-C1-6亚烷基羰基或C1-6亚烷基羰基;
L6为C1-6亚烷基;
L7为C1-6亚烷基或-C3-8亚环烷基-C1-6亚烷基;
各n和m独立为1-50的整数。
在一些实施方案中,R2为:
式中,L4、L5、L6、L7和n如前文任一实施方案所述。
式(I)中,优选地,所述R2选自:
其中,o独立地为1-20的整数,m、n各自独立地为1-50的整数。
优选地,R2中,o独立地为1-10的整数。优选地,R2中,m和n各自独立为1~40的整数,或各自独立为1~30、2~40、5~35、10~25、15~20、2~10的整数。
优选地,R2选自:
其中,o独立地为1-10的整数,n、m各自独立地为2~20的整数。
式(I)中,药物可选自:喜树碱、喜树碱衍生物(如10-羟基喜树碱、伊立替康和SN38等化合物)、拓扑替康、氟脲苷、去氧氟尿苷、阿糖胞苷、依托泊苷、氟达拉滨、卡培他滨、长春新碱、埃坡霉素B、柔红霉素、表阿霉素、甲氨蝶呤、吉西他滨、美法仑、尼莫司汀、米托蒽醌、紫杉醇、多烯紫杉醇、丝裂霉素、依喜替康、依喜替康衍生物DXd、Sting激动剂、雷西莫特和Toll样受体激动剂等。
在一些实施方案中,所述药物是TLR7/8激动剂,如T785、雷西莫特和STING激动剂,或拓扑异构酶I抑制剂,如依喜替康和依喜替康衍生物(DXd)等。
在一些实施方案中,所述药物选自:
式(I)中,药物可直接与-AAN-连接,或通过合适的接头连接。通常,药物与-AAN-接头之间以合适的化学键连接,所述化学键可以是肽键(-NH-CO-)或-COO-。在一些实施方案中,所述接头为PABC(-NH-苯基-CH2-O-CO-)基团或AM(-NH-CH2-)基团。
在一些实施方案中,式(I)的D选自下述X1~X5:
其中,波浪线表示D与R2连接的位置。
在一些实施方案中,所述式(I)所示的药物偶联物选自:
各式中,R1如本文任一实施方案所述。
在一些实施方案中,所述式(I)化合物选自以下化合物S1~S59:
在一些实施方案中,本文所述的药物偶联物具有R2’-D(式II)所示的化学结构,其中,R2’为增强构效关系的调整化学结构,D的结构如X1-X5任一所示。
优选地,所述R2'选自:C1-6烷基-CO-*;C1-6烷基-O-*;C1-6烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;C1-6烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*C1-6烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;C1-6烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;NH2-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;NH2-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;NH2-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*;NH2-C1-55亚烷基-CO-*;NH2-C1-55亚烷基-NH-*;NH2-C1-55亚烷基-O-*;HOOC-C1-55亚烷基-CO-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-NHCO-SO3H取代的C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;N3-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;N3-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NHCO-C1-6亚烷基-O-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-O-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;
其中:
*表示与D连接的位置;
R4选自:C1-6烷基;C1-6烷基-C3-8亚环烷基-;COOH-C1-6亚烷基-;C1-6烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-C1-6亚烷基-;NH2-C1-6亚烷基;C1-6烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-C1-6亚烷基-;和NH2-C1-6亚烷基-C3-8亚环烷基;
R5选自:C1-6烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-;C1-6烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-;COOH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-;
R6不存在,或为-NH-C1-6亚烷基-三唑基-C1-6亚烷基羰基、或-NH-C1-6亚烷基-三唑基-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NHCO-C1-6亚烷氧基-C1-6亚烷基羰基;
L2和L3各自独立为键或C1-6亚烷基;
L4各自独立为C1-6亚烷基;
L5为键、C1-6亚烷氧基-C1-6亚烷基羰基或C1-6亚烷基羰基;
L6为C1-6亚烷基;
L7为C1-6亚烷基或-C3-8亚环烷基-C1-6亚烷基;
各n和m独立为1-50的整数,p为0或1;当p为0时,该-NH-[CO-R4]p基团为-NH2。
优选地,R2’选自:
其中,o独立地为1-20的整数,m、n各自独立地为1-50的整数。
其中,o独立地为1-20的整数,m、n各自独立地为1-50的整数。
更优选地,R2’选自:
优选地,n、m各自独立地为2-20的整数。
在一些实施方案中,式(II)所示的药物偶联物选自:
抗体药物偶联物
本文提供下式(III)所示的抗体药物偶联物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐:
R3-(R1-R2-D)x 式(III);
R3-(R1-R2-D)x 式(III);
式中:R3为抗体;R1、R2和D如前文任一实施方案所述;x为选自1-8的整数。
式III中,当R1为:
时,
R3-R1的连接方式为:
其中,S是R3中半胱氨酸残基的S原子;
当R1为:
时,
R3-R1的连接方式为:
其中,R3与R1基团中的炔基偶联。
可在抗体的糖链或者重构的糖链引入叠氮基修饰,其与DBCO(二苯并环辛炔)或者BCN(双环[6,1,0]壬炔)发生点击反应(click reaction)形成三唑环,从而实现R1与R3的连接。
本发明药物偶联物或抗体药物偶联物的存在形式包括几何异构体的任意一种或者它们的混合物形式。
抗体
在本文公开的内容中,“抗体”按照最广义使用,并且涵盖了单克隆抗体,多克隆抗体,二聚体,多聚体,多特异性抗体(例如双特异性抗体),和抗体片段等生物分子,只要能表现出想要的生物学活性即可(Miller et al(2003)Jour.of Immunology 170:4854-4861)。
抗体特异性结合抗原,并包含通过二硫键互连的至少两条重(H)和两条轻(L)链。每条重链包含重链可变区(VH)和重链恒定区(CH),重链恒定区包含三个恒定结构域CH1、CH2和CH3。每条轻链包含轻链可变区(VL)和轻链恒定区(CL),轻链恒定区包含一个恒定结构域。VH和VL区可进一步细分为称为互补决定区(CDR)的高变区,其散布于更为保守的称为框架区(FR)的区域。一般而言,自N末端至C末端,轻链及重链可变结构域都包含FR1、CDR1、FR2、CDR2、FR3、CDR3及FR4。通常是根据如下的定义将氨基酸分配至每一个结构域的:Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest,Kabat等人;National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,Md.;第5版;NIH出版号91-3242(1991):Kabat(1978)Adv.Prot.Chem.32:1-75;Kabat等人,(1977)J.Biol.Chem.252:6609-6616;Chothia等人,(1987)J Mol.Biol.196:901-917或Chothia等人,(1989)Nature 341:878-883。
重链的羧基末端部分可定义主要负责效应子功能的恒定区。通常,人轻链分为κ链及λ链。人重链通常分为μ、δ、γ、α或ε。通常,可将抗体的同种型分别定义为IgM、IgD、IgG、IgA及IgE。IgG亚类是本领域技术人员熟知的,包括但不限于IgG1、IgG2、IgG3和IgG4。
本文中,抗体可以是天然存在的抗体,也可以是非天然存在的抗体;可以是单克隆抗体或多克隆抗体;可以是鼠源抗体,也可以是人源化的抗体;可以是嵌合抗体。
嵌合抗体是指其重链和/或轻链的一部分与源自特定物种(如人)或属于特定抗体种类或亚类的抗体中相应序列相同或同源,而链的其余部分与源自另一物种(如小鼠)或属于另一抗体种类或亚类的抗体中相应序列相同或同源的抗体。人源化抗体是指含有来自非人(如鼠类)抗体以及人抗体的序列的抗体形式。此类抗体含有源自非人免疫球蛋白的最小序列。
本文中,抗体片段或抗原结合片段是指抗体的抗原结合片段,即保留了全长抗体的特异性结合至抗原能力的抗体片段,例如保留一个或多个CDR区的片段。抗原结合片段的实例包括但不限于Fab、Fab’、F(ab')2及Fv片段;双链抗体;线形抗体;单链抗体(scFv);纳米抗体及由抗体片段形成的多特异性抗体。
本发明所使用的抗体可以是本领域已知的抗体或其功能性片段。例如,抗体或其功能性片段可选自:抗-Her2抗体,抗-EGFR抗体,抗-VEGFR抗体,抗-CD20抗体,抗-CD33抗体,抗-PD-L1抗体,抗-PD-1抗体,抗-CTLA-4抗体,抗-TNFα抗体,抗-CD28抗体,抗-4-1BB抗体,抗-OX40抗体,抗-GITR抗体,抗-CD27抗体,抗b-CD40抗体,或抗-ICOS抗体,抗-CD25抗体,抗-CD30抗体,抗-CD3抗体,抗-CD22抗体,抗-CCR6抗体,抗-CD38抗体,抗-CD52抗体,抗-补体C5抗体,抗-RSVF蛋白抗体,抗体-GD2抗体,抗-GITR抗体,抗-糖蛋白受体lib/Illa抗体,抗-ICOS抗体,抗-IL2R抗体,抗-LAG3抗body,抗-α4整合素抗体,抗-lgE抗体,抗-PDGFRa抗体,抗-RANKL抗体,抗-SLAMF7抗体,抗-LTIGIT抗体,抗-TIM-3抗体,抗-VEGFR2抗体,抗-VISTA抗体,抗SSTR2抗体,抗LY6G6D抗体,抗GCC抗体,抗Trop2抗体,抗Cmet抗体。
在一些实施方案中,本文所用的抗体是多特异性抗体,如双特异性抗体。多特异性抗体指含有2种或2种以上特异性抗原结合位点的人工抗体,能在靶细胞和功能分子(细胞)之间架起桥梁,激发具有导向性的免疫反应。包含至少两个抗原结合结构域的抗体分子可以称为双特异性抗体分子,其中每个抗原结合结构域能够结合不同的靶标。VH区和VL区包含每个CDR两侧的框架区(FRs),其为CDR提供支架。示例性的双特异性抗体的结构如图19所示。如图19(左)所示,从N端到C端,VH区包含以下结构:{N端-[HFR1]-[HCDR1]-[HFR2]-[HCDR2]-[HFR3]-[HCDR3]-[HFR4]}-linker-{[HFR1]-[HCDR1]-[HFR2]-[HCDR2]-[HFR3]-[HCDR3]-[HFR4]-[LFR1]-[LCDR1]-[LFR2]-[LCDR2]-[LFR3]-[LCDR3]-[LFR4]-C端},VL区包含以下结构:N端-[LFR1]-[LCDR1]-[LFR2]-[LCDR2]-[LFR3]-[LCDR3]-[LFR4]-C端。如图19(右)所示,从N端到C端,VH区包含以下结构:N端-[HFR1]-[HCDR1]-[HFR2]-[HCDR2]-[HFR3]-[HCDR3]-[HFR4]-C端,VL区包含以下结构:N端-[LFR1]-[LCDR1]-[LFR2]-[LCDR2]-[LFR3]-[LCDR3]-[LFR4]-C端。
在优选的实施例中,用于本发明的抗体选自:Utomilumab,Urelumab,ADG106,PoteligeoTM(Mogamulizumab),PoteligeoTM(Mogamulizumab),BexxarTM(tositumomab),ZevalinTM(ibritumomab tiuxetan),RituxanTM(rituximab),ArzerraTM(Ofatumumab),GazyvaTM(Obinutuzumab),BesponsaTM(Inotuzumab ozogamicin),ZenapaxTM(daclizumab),Varlilumab,Theralizumab,AdcetrisTM(Brentuximab vedotin),MyelotargTM(gemtuzumab),DarzalexTM (Daratumumab),CDX-1140,SEA-CD40,RO7009789,JNJ-64457107,APX-005M,Chi Lob 7/4,CampathTM(alemtuzumab),RaptivaTM(efalizumab),SolirisTM(eculizumab),YervoyTM(ipilimumab),tremelimumab,ErbituxTM(cetuximab),VectibixTM(panitumumab),PortrazzaTM(Necitumumab),TheraCIMTM(Nimotuzumab),SynagisTM(palivizumab),UnituxinTM(Dinutuximab),TRX-518,MK-4166,MK-1248,GWN-323,INCAGN0186,BMS-986156,AMG-228,ReoProTM(abiciximab),HerceptinTM(trastuzumab),PerjetaTM(Pertuzumab),KadcylaTM(Ado-trastuzumab emtansine),GSK-3359609,JTX-2011,SimulectTM(basiliximab),TysabriTM(natalizumab),BMS-986016,REGN3767,LAG525,XolairTM(omalizumab),Tavolimab,PF-04518600,BMS-986178,MOXR-0916,GSK-3174998,INCAGN01949,IBI-101,KeytrudaTM(Pembrolizumab),OpdivoTM(Nivolumab),LartruvoTM(Olaratumab),TencentriqTM(Atezolizumab),BMS-936559,BavencioTM(Avelumab),ImfinziTM(Duralumab),ProliaTM(Denosumab),EmplicitiTM(Elotuzumab),MTIG7192A,TSR-022,MBG-453,RemicadeTM(infliximab),HumiraTM(adalimumab),AvastinTM(bevacizumab),LucentisTM(ranibizumab),CyramzaTM(Ramucirumab),和JNJ-61610588。
在一些实施方案中,用于本文所述的ADC中的生物活性大分子部分(A)是一种融合蛋白,其含有抗体的抗原结合结构域和任选的细胞因子。融合蛋白中的抗原结合结构域可选自针对以下抗原的抗原结合结构域:HER2,CD19,CD20,EGFR,CD22,CD3,TROP2,Glycoprotein NMB,Guanylyl cyclase C,CEA,AXL,GCC,CD79b,PSMA,ENPP3,Mesothelin,CD138,NaPi2b,CD56,CD74,FOLR1,DLL3,CEACAM5,CD142,SLAMF7,CD25,SLTRK6,CD37,CD70,AGS-22,C4.4A,FGFR2,Ly6E,MUC16,BCMA,pCadherin,Ephrin-A,LAMP1,MUC1,PDL1,HER2,NY-ESO-1,BCMA,WT1,MUC1,CD20,CD23,ROR1,CD123,CD33,CD44v6,CD174,CD30,CD133,cMet,FAP,EphA2,GD2,GPC3,IL-13Ra2,LewisY,SS1,CD171,EGFR,EGFRvIII,VEGFR2,NY-ESO-1,MUC-1,SSTR2,LY6G6D,MAGE-A3,抗GCC抗体,抗Trop2抗体,抗Cmet抗体,或者可以选自本文中提及的任何一种抗体的抗原结合结构域(如抗原结合片段)。
在一些实施方式中,所述融合蛋白可以是一种双特异性抗体,其包含与选自以下的抗原特异性结合的抗原结合结构域:HER2,CD19,EGFR,CD22,CD3,TROP2,Glycoprotein NMB,Guanylylcyclase C,CEA,AXL,GCC,CD79b,PSMA,ENPP3,Mesothelin,CD138,NaPi2b,CD56,CD74,FOLR1,DLL3,CEACAM5,CD142,SLAMF7,CD25,SLTRK6,CD37,CD70,AGS-22,C4.4A,FGFR2,Ly6E,MUC16,BCMA,pCadherin,Ephrin-A,LAMP1,MUC1,CD19,PDL1,NY-ESO-1,WT1,MUC1,CD20,CD23,ROR1,CD123,CD33,CD44v6,CD174,CD30,CD133,cMet,EGFR,FAP,EphA2,GD2,GPC3,IL-13Ra2,LewisY,Mesothelin,SS1,CD171,EGFR,EGFRvIII,VEGFR2,NY-ESO-1,MUC-1,MAGE-A3,抗GCC抗体,抗Trop2抗体,抗Cmet抗体,或者可以选自本发明中提及的任何一种抗体的抗原结合结构域。优选地,双特异性抗体是一种单链双特异性抗体,其包含来自于同一或者不同抗体的两个scFv。
药物组合物
本发明的药物组合物包括:(i)药物偶联物或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,和/或抗体药物偶联物、或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐;和(ii)药学上可接受的载体。载体可以是任何药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂,其可以根据剂型和给药方式而变化。药学上可接受的载体通常是安全且无毒的,并且可包含在制药工业中配制药物组合物中使用的任何已知物质,包括填料,稀释剂,凝结剂,粘合剂,润滑剂,助流剂,稳定剂,着色剂,润湿剂和崩解剂等。药学上可接受的合适的载体包括糖,如乳糖或蔗糖,甘露醇或山梨糖醇;纤维素制剂和/或磷酸钙,如磷酸三钙或磷酸氢钙;淀粉,包括玉米淀粉,小麦淀粉,大米淀粉,马铃薯淀粉,明胶,黄蓍胶,甲基纤维素,羟丙基甲基纤维素,羧甲基纤维素钠和/或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;二氧化硅,滑石粉,硬脂酸或其盐,如硬脂酸镁或硬脂酸钙;和/或聚乙二醇等等。当选择药学上可接受的载体时,主要考虑的是药物剂型的给药方式。这在本领域中是众所周知的。
药物组合物可包含治疗或预防有效量的药物偶联物或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,和/或抗体药物偶联物、或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐。“有效量”表示成分的量足以产生所需的反应。具体有效量取决于各种因素,例如待治疗的具体疾病,患者的身体状况,如体重,年龄和性别,治疗的持续时间,共同给药的治疗(如果有的话),以及使用的具体配方。通常,如本文所述的“有效量”是常规量的生物分子。然而,在一些实施方案中,本发明药物组合物中包含的治疗或预防有效量的偶联物可以低于常规量的生物分子但可以产生更好的治疗或预防效果,因为生物分子在到达病理微环境与其配体或受体结合之前受保护基团保护。
本发明的药物组合物可以配制成各种合适的剂型,包括但不限于片剂,胶囊,注射剂等,并且可以通过任何合适的途径给药以达到预期目的。例如,它可以肠胃外,皮下,静脉内,肌肉内,腹膜内,透皮,口服,鞘内,颅内,鼻内或外给药。药物的剂量可取决于患者的年龄,健康状况和体重,并行进行的治疗,以及治疗的频率等。本发明的药物组合物可以施用于任何有此需要的受试者,例如,作为哺乳动物,尤其是人类。
本发明的偶联物既可以通过生物分子内吞进入溶酶体的途径释放毒素(D),也可以通过在肿瘤酸性微环境中被蛋白水解酶水解的途径释放,尤其是Legumain或粒酶。例如,本发明的抗体药物偶联物中的生物分子是Trastuzumab,抗Trop-2抗体或抗PD-L1抗体等,在毒素释放方面,肿瘤酸性微环境的蛋白水解酶水解途径,可以更高效地的释放毒素,从而发挥更好的药物疗效。因此,本发明的偶联物可以有效地突破生物偶联药物释放效率的问题,毒素在病理微环境中被高效释放。
用途
本发明中公开的每种药物偶联物或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,以及每种抗体药物偶联物、或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐都可以用于治疗和/或预防肿瘤或炎症,或者可以用作制备用于治疗肿瘤或炎症的药物的活性成分。
本发明公开的药物偶联物或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,以及抗体药物偶联物、或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐所能治疗的疾病与该偶联物中所含有的活性成分有关。这些活性成分的适应症为本领域所周知。
在一些实施方案中,本文所述的肿瘤可包括血液肿瘤和实体瘤,包括但不限于肉瘤(如纤维肉瘤)、膀胱癌,脑癌,乳腺癌,宫颈癌,结直肠癌,食道癌,肾癌,肝癌,肺癌,鼻咽癌,胰腺癌,前列腺癌,皮肤癌,胃癌,子宫癌,卵巢癌,睾丸癌和血癌等。
本发明还包括用于治疗或预防肿瘤或炎症的方法,其包括向有此需要的受试者施用治疗或预防有效量的如本文所述的药物偶联物或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,以及抗体药物偶联物、或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,或本文所述的药物组合物。该方法可以与任何已知的放射疗法或免疫疗法组合使用。
本发明还提供了本文所述的药物偶联物或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,和/或抗体药物偶联物、或其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于抗肿瘤的药物中的用途。优选地,肿瘤选自血液肿瘤和实体瘤。优选地,所述肿瘤包括但不限于肉瘤(如纤维肉瘤)、膀胱癌、脑癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结直肠癌、食道癌、肾癌、肝癌、肺癌、鼻咽癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、皮肤癌、胃癌、子宫癌、卵巢癌、睾丸癌和血癌。
本发明的优点包括:
发明人通过不断的实验筛选,制备的曲妥珠单抗偶联药物、阿特珠单抗偶联药物、抗SSTR2抗体偶联药物、抗LY6G6D抗体偶联药物是肿瘤靶向并高效激活的大分子偶联药物具有创新的多功能靶向激活特性:(1)本发明的肿瘤微环境靶向激活的抗体偶联药物在肿瘤部位具有聚集、滞留和激活效应,具有靶向肿瘤微环境并高效释放荷载的特性。(2)本发明的肿瘤微环境偶联药物能够被肿瘤组织特异性的激活或断裂,局部生成有效药物。(3)连接子含有AAN序列的依喜替康、雷西莫特或其衍生物通过偶联曲妥珠单抗或赛妥珠抗体,直接成为大分子,改变药物的各项特性,提高疗效,能够改变药物的适应症限制的情况。(4)肿瘤细胞转移时通常分泌大量的蛋白酶水解酶以降解细胞间质,所以蛋白酶水解酶激活的偶联药物对肿瘤转移治疗具有特殊的疗效,本发明的抗体药物偶联物激活效率高。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则百分比和份数按重量计算。
应当理解,本发明中使用的术语“包含”和“包括”或类似表达也意味着“由......组成”等。所有重量百分比或体积百分比的总和应等于100%。除非另有说明,实施例中使用的各种试剂和产品是商业产品。除非另有说明,否则实施例中提到的方法是根据常规技术实施的。以下实施例不旨在限制本发明的范围。
实施例1:药物偶联物S1-S21、S26-S59的制备
化合物的典型制备方法如下所示:
合成路径通式(I)
1)取化合物R1-R2-Ala-Ala-Asn-PABOH(1.0eq),溶于适量DMF溶剂中,然后加入化合物Bis-PNP(2.0eq),于冰浴下向反应液中加入DIPEA(2.0eq),然后缓慢恢复至室温,继续搅拌10-15h。所得反应液高真空下除去大部分溶剂,然后使用适量二氯甲烷溶解稀释,有机相依次水洗,饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,然后柱层析,洗脱剂为二氯甲烷/甲醇,旋干得到R1-R2-Ala-Ala-Asn-PABC-PNP。
2)取化合物R1-R2-Ala-Ala-Asn-PABC-PNP(1.0eq),溶于适量DMF溶剂中,然后加入化合物D-NH2(1.0eq),于冰浴下向反应液中加入DIPEA(2.0eq),然后缓慢恢复至室温,继续搅拌10-15h。所得反应液高真空下除去大部分溶剂,然后适量甲醇稀释,反相高压制备色谱纯化,最后冻干得到目标产物R1-R2-Ala-Ala-Asn-PABC-(C=O)-NHD。
使用对应的原料,依上述方法可以得到表1所示的化合物,表1中各个化合物的性质如表2所示。
表1
表2
合成路径通式(II)
将化合物R1-R2-Ala-Ala-Asn-OH(1.0eq),溶于适量DMF溶剂中,然后依次分别加入化合物D-NH2,缩合剂HBTU,反应液冰浴下加入DIPEA,然后缓慢恢复至室温,继续搅拌3-5h。所得反应液高真空下除去大部分溶剂,然后适量甲醇稀释,反相高压制备色谱纯化,最后冻干得到目标产物。
使用对应的原料,依上述方法得到表3所示化合物,表3中各个化合物的性质如表4所示。
表3
表4
合成路径通式(III)
1)化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-OAc的合成
将Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn(Trt)-Gly-OH(1.0eq)溶于二氯甲烷/四氢呋喃(体积比为15/5)中,冷却至0℃,氮气保护下加入AcOH(1.0eq)、醋酸铅(1.2eq)和醋酸铜(0.2eq),40-50℃氮气保护下搅拌2-3小时。TLC监测反应完全。反应液加二氯甲烷稀释,依次水洗,分液,水相用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相合并并用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干,柱层析得到Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-OAc。
2)化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn(Trt)-AM-Ac-OBn的合成
于三口瓶中加入化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-OAc(1.0eq),加羟基乙酸苄酯(2.0eq),在氮气保护和冰浴下,加入三氟乙酸/二氯甲烷(TFA/DCM体积比=1/5),室温搅拌2-3h。反应完成后,将反应液浓缩,高压制备色谱分离得Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-Ac-OBn白色固体。
3)化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-Ac-OH的合成
将化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-Ac-OBn(1.0eq),溶于适量MeOH中,缓慢加入Pd/C(10wt%,0.1eq),氢气保护下搅拌2-3h。高压制备得到化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-Ac-OH为淡黄色产物。
4)化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-DXd的合成
将化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-Ac-OH(1.0eq),依喜替康甲烷磺酸盐(1.0eq)溶于DMF中,冷却至0℃,氮气保护下依次加入缩合剂DEPBT(1.2eq)和有机碱DIPEA(2.0eq),室温搅拌2-3h。TLC监测原来反应完全。反应液真空浓缩,DMF复溶,过滤,高压液相制备得到化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-DXd为淡黄色产物。
5)化合物H-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-DXd的合成
将化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-DXd(1.0eq)溶于DMF中,加入哌啶(2.0eq),氮气保护下室温搅拌2-3h。TLC监测原来反应完全。反应液复溶,溶液过滤,然后高压液相制备得到化合物H-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-DXd为淡黄色产物。
6)化合物R1-R2-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-DXd的合成
将化合物R1-R2-OH(1.0eq)溶于适量DMF中,加入H-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-DXd(1.0eq),氮气保护下加入HBTU(1.2eq)和DIPEA(2.0eq),室温搅拌1-2h。TLC监测原来反应完全。反应液粗品过滤,然后高压液相制备得到化合物R1-R2-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-DXd为淡黄色产物。
使用对应的原料,依上述方法可以得到表5所示化合物,表5中各个化合物的性质如表6所示。
表5
表6
实施例2:化合物S22的合成
1)化合物Boc-Glu(PEG8)-OtBu的合成
将化合物Boc-Glu(OH)-OtBu(300mg,0.989mmol),PEG8-NH2(379mg,0.988mmol)溶于超干DMF(5ml)中,加入缩合剂HBTU(450mg,1.19mmol),反应液于冰浴下加入DIPEA(255mg,1.98mmol),在室温下搅拌2-3h。反应液减压蒸干后,粗品拌入硅胶,柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10/1~1/1),得到油状化合物Boc-Glu(PEG8)-OtBu(600mg,收率:91%)。
2)化合物H-Glu(PEG8)-OH的合成
将化合物Boc-Glu(PEG8)-OtBu(600mg,0.897mmol)溶于DCM/TFA体积比为1/1的混合溶剂中(10mL)搅拌1h,反应液减压蒸干,残余物溶于DCM中,反复浓缩去除残留TFA。得到油状化合物H-Glu(PEG8)-OH(450mg,产率98%)。
3)化合物S22-1的合成
将化合物H-Glu(PEG8)-OH(300mg,0.585mmol),BCN-PNP(185mg,0.587mmol)溶于超干DMF(5ml)中,滴加二异丙基乙胺(151mg,1.17mmol)室温下搅拌12-16h。反应液减压蒸干后,用MTBE的有机溶剂打浆,得油状液体化合物S22-1(350mg,收率:87%)。
4)化合物S22的合成
将化合物S22-1(100mg,0.145mmol),X3(82mg,0.144mmol)溶于超干DMF(5ml)中,加入缩合剂HBTU(66mg,0.174mmol),冰浴下,滴加二异丙基乙胺(38mg,0.29mmol)室温下搅拌2-3h。LC-MS检测反应完全,反应液过滤,滤液过高压反相制备色谱纯化得S22(69mg,收率:38%)白色固体。
实施例3:化合物S23的合成
1)化合物Cbz-Glu(PEG8)-OtBu的合成
将化合物Cbz-Glu(OH)-OtBu(334mg,0.991mmol),PEG8-NH2(379mg,0.988mmol)溶于超干DMF(5ml)中,加入缩合剂HBTU(450mg,1.19mmol),反应液于冰浴下加入DIPEA(255mg,1.98mmol),在室温下搅拌2-3h。反应液减压蒸干后,粗品拌入硅胶,柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10/1~1/1),得到油状化合物Cbz-Glu(PEG8)-OtBu(610mg,收率:88%)。
2)化合物H-Glu(PEG8)-OtBu的合成
将化合物Cbz-Glu(PEG8)-OtBu(600mg,0.854mmol)溶于MeOH/THF体积比为1/1的混合溶剂中(10mL)搅拌1h,然后加入Pd/C(60mg,10wt%),反应液继续搅拌2-3h。反应结束后,反应液减压蒸干,得到油状液体化合物H-Glu(PEG8)-OtBu(480mg,产率99%)。
3)化合物S23-1的合成
将化合物H-Glu(PEG8)-OtBu(400mg,0.703mmol),MI-C2-COOH(119mg,0.704mmol)溶于超干DMF(8ml)中,加入缩合剂HBTU(320mg,0.844mmol),反应液于冰浴下加入DIPEA(181mg,1.40mmol),在室温下搅拌2-3h。反应液减压蒸干后,粗品拌入硅胶,柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=100/1~20/1),得到油状化合物S23-1(400mg,收率:79%)。
4)化合物S23-2的合成
将化合物S23-1(400mg,0.556mmol)溶于DCM/TFA体积比为1/1的混合溶剂中(10mL)搅拌2-3h,反应液减压蒸干,残余物溶于DCM中,反复浓缩去除残留TFA。得到油状化合物S23-2(360mg,产率97.5%)。
5)化合物S23的合成
将化合物S23-2(100mg,0.150mmol),X3(80mg,0.141mmol)溶于超干DMF(5ml)中,加入缩合剂HBTU(65mg,0.172mmol),冰浴下,滴加二异丙基乙胺(36mg,0.28mmol)室温下搅拌2-3h。LC-MS检测反应完全,反应液过滤,滤液过高压反相制备色谱纯化得S23(70mg,收率:41%)白色固体。LCMS:[M+H]=1213.64。
实施例4:化合物S24的合成
将化合物S23-2(100mg,0.151mmol),溶于适量DMF溶剂中,然后依次分别加入化合物X2(100mg,0.140mmol),缩合剂HBTU(63mg,0.166mmol),反应液冰浴下加入DIPEA(40mg,0.31mmol),然后缓慢恢复至室温,继续搅拌3-5h。所得反应液高真空下除去大部分溶剂,然后适量甲醇稀释,反相高压制备色谱纯化,最后冻干得到白色粉末S24(50mg,产率26%)。LCMS:[M+H]=1362.69。
实施例5:化合物S25的制备方法
1)将化合物S25-1(2g,4.9mmol)、HBTU(2.24g,5.9mmol),DIPEA(3.2g,24.5mmol)和化合物S25-2(2.24g,5.9mmol)溶解在DMF(30mL)中,混合物在室温下搅拌3h,通过TLC检测反应完全,在反应液中加入水(20mL),用乙酸乙酯萃取两次,有机相用水洗,再用饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干有机相得到目标化合物S25-3(3.5g,收率89.7%)。
2)将化合物S25-3(3.5g,4.4mmol)溶解在1%DBU的DCM(40mL)溶液中,混合物在室温下搅拌1.5h,通过TLC板确定反应完全,旋干有机相,用硅胶拌样,通过正相柱分离得到目标产物S25-4(2.35g、收率92.1%)。
3)将化合物S25-4(2.35g,4.06mmol),DEPBT(1.7g,5.7mmol),DIEA(1.5g,12mmol)和化合物S25-5(1.77g,5.7mmol)溶解在DMF(30mL)中,混合物在室温下搅拌3h,通过TLC板确定反应完全,在反应液中加入水(20mL),用乙酸乙酯萃取两次,有机相用水洗,再用饱和食盐水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,旋干有机相,硅胶柱分离得到目标产物S25-6(2.5g,收率71.4%)。
4)将化合物S25-6(1.5g,1.72mmol)加入到15mL氯化氢的二氧六环溶液中,室温搅拌2小时,将反应液浓缩旋干得到产品化合物S25-7(1.2g,收率85.7%)。
5)在含有化合物S25-7(1.2g,1.47mmol)的100mL DMF溶液中加入DIPEA(379mg,2.94mmol),HBTU(1.1g,2.94mmol)和化合物S25-8(516mg,1.76mmol,TFAsalt),反应在25℃下搅拌0.5小时。将反应液浓缩,用硅胶柱层析(DCM/MeOH=20:1)纯化得到产品化合物S25-9(800mg,收率54%)。
6)将化合物S25-9(800mg,0.806mmol)和四三苯基膦钯0.1eq(73mg)放入干燥的三口瓶中,冰浴在氮气保护下加入无水二氯甲烷。恢复到室温,反应1h。过滤,将反应液浓缩,用硅胶柱层析(DCM/MeOH=20:1)纯化,得到产品化合物S25-10(500mg,收率65%)。
7)将化合物S25-10(120mg,0.126mmol)与化合物X5(76mg,0.098mmol)溶于DMF(3mL)中,向其中加入HBTU(57mg,0.150mmol)与DIPEA(49mg,0.38mmol),反应2小时。反向制备得到淡黄色固体化合物S25(57mg,收率26.3%)。LCMS:[M+H]+=1713.81。
实施例6:S1-S59药物偶联物的酶切试验
药物偶联物化合物稳定性和酶切效率检测方法如下,测试结果见表7。
分别精确称量药物偶联物化合物,加入一定量DMSO溶液,使其储备液浓度为10μmol/mL,然后取10μL加入80μL DMSO稀释至1μmol/mL,再按照1:4比例加入纯水稀释至样品溶液浓度为0.2μmol/mL。待样品澄清后,放置于25℃/37℃水浴中,分别在0小时,24小时后取样用HPLC检测(Agilent1260,色谱柱:Eclipse Plus C18,4.6*250mm,5μm,流动相A:0.1%TFA+H2O,流动相B:CH3CN,流速:1.0ml/min,柱温:30℃,检测波长:214nm)药物偶联物相对0小时的含量,即可得到不同化合物的溶液稳定性数据。
称取适量样品,用DMSO配置成1mM溶液,按照体积比1:9加入人血浆,放置于37℃恒温箱中孵育,于0,2,4,6,24h后取样,按体积比1:3加入DMSO/MeOH(1:1)除蛋白,于12000rpm离心5min,取上清液,HPLC方法如上述(Agilent1260,色谱柱:Eclipse Plus C18,4.6*250mm,5μm,流动相A:0.1%TFA+H2O,流动相B:CH3CN,流速:1.0ml/min,柱温:30℃,检测波长:214nm)。
称取一定量的药物偶联物,溶解并将它们稀释十倍至0.1mM/ml的浓度。在37℃下,将药物偶联物以1mg/ml的浓度添加到100μg酸化的CT-26肿瘤组织匀浆(pH 5.0)中。肿瘤组织匀浆中的酶可以释放并通过HPLC检测,从而比较肿瘤组织对接头的激活效率。
表7
对照化合物C
由表7可以看出,本发明化合物S1-S59的稳定性较高,其中24h的水溶液稳定性均高于85%,24h的血浆稳定性均高于75%,2h的酶切效率均高于90%。对照化合物C(CN104262455B中公开的化合物S1)24h的水溶液稳定性、血浆稳定性相较本发明的化合物S1-S59低,且2h的酶切效率低于本发明的化合物S1-S59,其原因为本发明中连接子与载荷之间的酰胺键和氨酯键的稳定性大大高于对照化合物C中的碳酸酯键,而酯键更容易发生水解。
上述结果表明,本发明提供的化合物S1-S59在水溶液和血浆中的稳定性更高,对应的化合物进入体内后不易降解或变质为其他化合物,在进入肿瘤细胞或肿瘤组织后的靶向治疗效果稳定。另外,本发明提供的化合物S1-S59在进入肿瘤细胞后,且在2h被特定的酶切后,释放出具有毒性的药物对肿瘤细胞的杀伤率更高。
实施例7:S5、S16、对照化合物Y激活释放Dxd的比较
称取一定量的药物偶联物(S5、S16、Deruxtecan、对照化合物Y,对照化合物Y为CN103011521B中的化合物S1),溶解并将它们稀释十倍至0.1mmol/ml的浓度。在37℃下,将药物偶联物以1mg/ml的浓度添加到100μg酸化的CT-26肿瘤组织匀浆(pH 5.0)中。肿瘤组织匀浆中的酶可以释放并通过HPLC检测,从而比较肿瘤组织对接头的激活效率。
结果如图1~4所示。图1显示,对照化合物Y在酶的作用下0.5h时开始释放Leudox(其中5min时未检测到Leudox的释放),约2h释放完全。图2显示,化合物S5在5min就开始释放T785。图3显示,化合物S16在5min就开始释放Dxd。图4显示,Deruxtecan在CathepsinB酶的作用下6h开始释放Dxd
因此,化合物S5和S16的激活效率明显优于对照化合物物Y和Deruxtecan。
实施例8:S16与Deruxtecan的肺组织稳定性比较
方法:
实验溶液的配制:
检测缓冲液:25mM MES,pH5.0。
蛋白沉淀剂:DMSO/MEOH=1:1。
样品溶液的配制:称取适量的6PEG-lys(MI-6PEG)-AAN-AM-Dxd和EMC-GGFG-AM-Dxd,加入一定量DMSO溶液,使其储备液浓度为10umol/mL,然后取10uL加入80uLDMSO稀释至1umol/mL,再按照1:4比例加入纯水稀释至样品溶液浓度为0.2umol/mL。
肺组织匀浆液的制备:
取适量液氮速冻的肺置于4mLEP管中,称重,按照质量体积比1:5加入pH5.0的检测缓冲液,用组织研磨机将组织匀浆3min,之后将肺组织匀浆液于12000rpm离心5min,取上清液,放置于-40℃冰箱中备用。
肺组织匀浆液的稳定性:
分别取样品溶液和肺组织匀浆液按照体积比1:9充分摇匀,另一份样品溶液和缓冲液(pH5.0)也按照体积比1:9充分摇匀,做为空白对照溶液,放置于37℃恒温水浴中,分别于0h,2h,4h,20h取30uL,加入90uL蛋白沉淀剂摇匀,12000rpm离心5min,取上清液至进样瓶中,HPLC进样。
药物进入肺组织匀浆液后释放DXD的百分比量采用以下公式计算:
Drug loading%=(Compound摩尔量-新产生的Dxd摩尔量)/Compound摩尔量*100%
结果如图5、6及下表8所示。
表8
结果显示,S16相较Deruxtecan在肺部组织产生的Dxd更少,对正常肺组织的影响更小。
实施例9:偶联物中间体L1-L51的制备
部分化合物采用以下反应流程制备:
1)将化合物Fmoc-R2'-OH(1.0eq),溶于适量DMF溶剂中,然后依次分别加入化合物D-NH2,缩合剂HBTU,反应液冰浴下加入DIPEA,然后缓慢恢复至室温,继续搅拌3-5h。所得反应液高真空下除去大部分溶剂,然后适量甲醇稀释,反相高压制备色谱纯化,最后冻干得到目标产物。
2)将化合物Fmoc-R2'-D(1.0eq)溶于DMF溶剂中搅拌30min,然后加入哌啶(3.0eq),反应液室温继续搅拌2-3h。反应液减压蒸干,残余物用MTBE的混合溶剂打浆,得到目标产物NH2-R2'-D。
使用对应的原料,依上述方法可以得到表9所示的化合物,表9中各个化合物的性质如表10所示。
表9
表10
部分化合物采用以下反应流程制备:
1)将化合物Cbz-R2'-OH(1.0eq),溶于适量DMF溶剂中,然后依次分别加入化合物D-NH2,缩合剂HBTU,反应液冰浴下加入DIPEA,然后缓慢恢复至室温,继续搅拌3-5h。所得反应液高真空下除去大部分溶剂,然后适量甲醇稀释,反相高压制备色谱纯化,最后冻干得到目标产物。
2)将化合物Cbz-R2'-D(1.0eq)溶于甲醇溶剂中搅拌30min,然后加入Pd/C(0.1eq),反应液室温继续搅拌2-3h。反应液减压蒸干,残余物用有机溶剂MTBE和乙酸乙酯的混合溶剂打浆,得到目标产物NH2-R2'-D。
使用对应的原料,依上述方法可以得到表11所示的化合物,表11中各个化合物的性质如表12所示。
表11
表12
采用以下方法制备得到化合物L14和L23:
将化合物L14-1(100mg,0.299mmol),溶于适量DMF溶剂中,然后依次分别加入化合物X4(250mg,0.297mmol),缩合剂HBTU(136mg,0.359mmol),反应液冰浴下加入DIPEA(116mg,0.899mmol),然后缓慢恢复至室温,继续搅拌3-5h。所得反应液高真空下除去大部分溶剂,然后适量甲醇稀释,反相高压制备色谱纯化,最后冻干得到浅黄色粉末L14(100mg,产率29%)。LCMS:[M+H]=1157.46。
用X5替换X4,在同一反应条件下制备得到化合物L23。
采用以下方法制备得到化合物L13和L22:
将化合物二甘醇酸酐(14mg,0.12mmol),溶于适量DMF溶剂中,然后依次分别加入化合物X4(100mg,0.119mmol),反应液冰浴下加入DIPEA(31mg,0.24mmol),然后缓慢恢复至室温,继续搅拌3-5h。所得反应液高真空下除去大部分溶剂,然后适量甲醇稀释,反相高压制备色谱纯化,最后冻干得到浅黄色粉末L14(80mg,产率70%)。LCMS:[M+H]=957.34
用X5替换X4,在同一反应条件下制备得到化合物L22。
采用以下方法制备得到化合物L28和L29:
将化合物琥珀酸酐(3mg,0.03mmol),溶于适量DMF溶剂中,然后依次分别加入化合物L26(20mg,0.015mmol),反应液冰浴下加入DIPEA(31mg,0.24mmol),然后缓慢恢复至室温,继续搅拌3-5h。所得反应液高真空下除去大部分溶剂,然后适量甲醇稀释,反相高压制备色谱纯化,最后冻干得到浅黄色粉末L28(20mg,产率95%)。LCMS:[M+H]=1431.65
用L27替换L26,在同一反应条件下制备得到化合物L29。
实施例10:化合物X1-X5的制备
化合物X1的合成:
1)化合物X1-1的合成
将化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-OH(500mg,1.01mmol),雷西莫特(314mg,1.00mmol)溶于超干DMF(5ml)中,加入缩合剂HBTU(455mg,1.20mmol),二异丙基乙胺(387mg,3.00mmol)在室温下搅拌16h。反应液减压蒸干后,用乙醇和MTBE的混合溶剂打浆过滤得到白色固体化合物X1-1(500mg,收率:63%)。
2)化合物X1的合成
将化合物X1-1(500mg,0.631mmol)溶于DMF溶剂中(10mL)搅拌30min,然后加入哌啶(160mg,1.88mmol),反应液室温继续搅拌2-3h。反应液减压蒸干,残余物用MTBE的混合溶剂打浆,得白色固体化合物X1(300mg,产率83%)。
化合物X2的合成:
1)化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-PABC-PNP的合成
将化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-PABC(800mg,1.33mmol),Bis-PNP(808mg,2.66mmol)溶于超干DMF(5ml)中,加入二异丙基乙胺(343mg,2.66mmol)在室温下搅拌16h.反应液减压蒸干后,用乙醇和MTBE的混合溶剂打浆过滤得到白色固体化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-PABC-PNP(820mg,收率:80%)。
2)化合物X2-1的合成
将化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-PABC-PNP(200mg,0.261mmol)溶于DMF溶剂中(20mL)搅拌1h,然后加入化合物T785(80mg,0.257mmol)和二异丙基乙胺(60mg,0.465mmol),反应液减压蒸干,残余物用MTBE的混合溶剂打浆,得白色固体化合物X2-1(200mg,产率83%)。
3)化合物X2的合成
将化合物X2-1(200mg,0.213mmol)溶于DMF溶剂中(5mL)搅拌1h,然后加入哌啶(55mg,0.647mmol)反应液减压蒸干,残余物用MTBE的混合溶剂打浆,得白色固体化合物X2(110mg,产率72%)。
化合物X3的合成:
1)化合物X3-1的合成
将化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-OH(450mg,0.907mmol),T785(188mg,0.605mmol)溶于超干DMF(5ml)中,加入缩合剂DEPBT(217mg,0.726mmol),二异丙基乙胺(234mg,1.82mmol)在室温下搅拌16h.反应液减压蒸干后,用乙醇和MTBE的混合溶剂打浆过滤得到白色固体化合物X3-1(300mg,收率:63%)。
2)化合物X3的合成
将化合物X3-1(300mg,0.380mmol)溶于DMF溶剂中(20mL)搅拌1h,然后加入哌啶(100mg,1.18mmol)反应液减压蒸干,残余物用MTBE的混合溶剂打浆,得白色固体化合物X3(200mg,产率93%)。
化合物X4的合成:
1)化合物X4-1的合成
将化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-PABC-PNP(500mg,0.652mmol),依喜替康甲磺酸盐(346mg,0.652mmol)溶于超干DMF(8ml)中,加入有机碱二异丙基乙胺(168mg,1.30mmol)在室温下搅拌16h。反应液减压蒸干后,用乙酸乙酯和MTBE的混合溶剂打浆过滤得到黄色固体化合物X4-1(600mg,收率:86.6%)。
2)化合物X4的合成
将化合物X4-1(600mg,0.564mmol)溶于DMF溶剂中(10mL)搅拌1h,然后加入哌啶(144mg,1.69mmol),反应液继续反应2h,TLC监控,反应完全即停止反应。减压蒸干,残余物依次用MTBE和乙酸乙酯的混合溶剂打浆,得浅黄色固体化合物X4(450mg,产率95%)。
化合物X5的合成:
1)化合物X5-1的合成
1)将化合物Fmoc-Ala-Ala-Asn-AM-Ac-OH(500mg,0.857mmol),依喜替康甲烷磺酸盐(455mg,0.857mmol)溶于DMF中,冷却至0C,氮气保护下依次加入缩合剂DEPBT(307mg,1.03mmol)和有机碱DIPEA(332mg,2.57mmol),室温搅拌2-3h。TLC监测原来反应完全。反应液真空浓缩,DMF复溶,过滤,高压液相制备得到化合物X5-1为淡黄色产物(510mg,产率60%)。
2)化合物X5的合成
将化合物X5-1(500mg,0.50mmol)溶于DMF中,加入哌啶(128mg,1.51mmol),氮气保护下室温搅拌2-3h。TLC监测原来反应完全。反应液复溶,溶液过滤,然后高压液相制备得到化合物X5为淡黄色产物(300mg,产率77%)。
实施例11:抗体药物偶联物的制备
抗体药物偶联物的制备方法为:在抗体缓冲液中加入三(2-羧乙基)膦(TCEP)(1-40eq)还原(0.5-16小时),加入上述药物偶联物(2-40eq)反应(0.5-16小时),形成抗体药物偶联物。然后通过柱层析、过滤纯化得到抗体药物偶联物纯品。
采用上述方法制备得到以下ADC:曲妥珠单抗-S15(HER2-S15)、抗LY6G6D抗体-S15(LY6G6D-PEG6-AAN-AM-DXD)、阿特珠单抗-S5(PD-L1-TLR7/8)、阿特珠单抗-S16(PD-L1-PEG-K(MI-PEG)-AAN-AM-DXd)、抗GCC抗体-S16,各ADC的DAR值约为8。注:括号中的名称与图中的名称相对应。
上述ADC中,“HER2”指曲妥珠单抗(凯惠睿智生物科技(上海)有限公司);“PD-L1”指阿特珠单抗(其轻链可变区和重链可变区的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO:1和2所示;轻链和重链分别如SEQ ID NO:3和4所示);“Anti-SSTR2”指抗SSTR2抗体;“LY6G6D”指抗LY6G6D抗体(其轻链可变区和重链可变区的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO:5和6所示);抗GCC抗体的轻链可变区和重链可变区的氨基酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO:7和8所示。
上述ADC中,所使用的药物偶联物如下:
Affinity linker2=EMC-PEG6-AAN-AM-Dxd(S15);
Affinity linker4=EMC-C5-AAN-T785(S5)。
Affinity linker5=PEG-K(MI-PEG)-AAN-AM-DXd(S16)图7显示曲妥珠单抗-S15的疏水相互作用色谱(HIC);图8显示:阿特珠单抗-S5的MS谱图;图9显示阿特珠单抗-S5的HIC谱图;图10显示阿特珠单抗-S5的MS谱图。
实施例12
1.动物:BALB/c小鼠,8周龄雌性(上海灵畅生物科技有限公司)。
2.细胞:中国科学院细胞库,细胞使用含有10%胎牛血清RPMI Medium 1640(1x)培养基,在37℃,5%的CO2条件下培养,每3天传代一次,细胞使用在15代以内。
3.肿瘤产生:将0.3×106个CT26细胞皮下注射到BALB/c小鼠背部,待肿瘤长至160mm3左右随机分组,开始治疗。
4.治疗过程:尾静脉给药,每周给药一次,共三周。
分组与结果测量如表13和图11所示。
表13
本发明中的TGI%为药物的肿瘤生长抑制率。TMEA-TLR7/8为化合物S5。
实施例13
1.动物:BALB/c小鼠,8周龄雌性(上海灵畅生物科技有限公司)。
2.细胞:中国科学院细胞库,细胞使用含有10%胎牛血清RPMI Medium 1640(1x)培养基,在37℃,5%的CO2条件下培养,每3天传代一次,细胞使用在15代以内。
3.肿瘤产生:将0.3×106个CT26细胞皮下注射到BALB/c小鼠背部,待肿瘤长至160mm3左右随机分组,开始治疗。
4.治疗过程:尾静脉给药,CTLA-4每周给药两次,TMEA-TRL7/8每周给药一次,共三周。
分组与结果测量如表14和图12所示。
表14
实施例14
1.动物:NCG小鼠,8周龄雌性(江苏集萃药康生物科技股份有限公司)。
2.细胞:中国科学院细胞库,细胞使用含有10%胎牛血清RPMI Medium 1640(1x)培养基,在37℃,5%的CO2条件下培养,每7天传代一次,细胞使用在15代以内。
3.肿瘤产生:将5×106个NCI-N87细胞皮下注射到NCG小鼠背部,待肿瘤长至100mm3左右随机分组,开始治疗。
4.治疗过程:尾静脉给药,给药一次。
分组与结果测量如表15和图13所示。
表15
实施例15
1.动物:BALB/c小鼠,8周龄雌性(上海灵畅生物科技有限公司)。
2.细胞:武汉华美生物,细胞使用含有10%胎牛血清和10μg/ml Puromecin(10mg/ml)RPMI Medium 1640(1x)培养基,在37℃,5%的CO2条件下培养,每3天传代一次,细胞使用在15代以内。
3.肿瘤产生:将0.3×106个CT26细胞皮下注射到BALB/c小鼠背部,待肿瘤长至100mm3左右随机分组,开始治疗。
4.治疗过程:腹腔给药,每周给药两次,共3周。
分组与结果测量如表16和图14所示。
表16
实施例16
6-8周龄雌性C57BL/6J-Pdedleml(hPDCD1)/Smoc小鼠购自上海模式生物中心。小鼠到达拆箱后,以每笼5只的密度饲养在SPF级动物饲养中心。观察动物一般情况(精神状态、活动、发色),并记录第一周体重。在对数生长期收获MC38(mPD-L1敲除;hPD-L1敲入)细胞,在动物接种前将其置于无菌生理盐水中。将1×106个细胞皮下接种于小鼠后肢外侧的上腹股沟。给药方式为:Gr1-对照PBS(每周2次,共给药2次);Gr2-PDL1-PEG-K(MI-PEG)-AAN-AM-DXd(10mg/kg,每周2次,共给药2次);Gr3-Atezolizumab(10mg/kg,每周2次,共给药2次)。每周测量两次肿瘤体积和小鼠体重,其中肿瘤体积使用公式(0.5×L×W2)计算,其中L和W分别指肿瘤的长度和宽度尺寸。当肿瘤达到50~150mm3时,根据随机数字表将小鼠随机分组。实验结束时,用颈椎脱臼法处死小鼠。
结果如图15和下表17所示。
表17
由图15和表17的结果可知,在第18天时,药物PDL1-PEG-K(MI-PEG)-AAN-AM-DXd在MC38肿瘤模型中的TGI为98.6%,并且PDL1-PEG-K(MI-PEG)-AAN-AM-DXd在第7天至第18天之间可以完全抑制肿瘤的增长。因此,药物PDL1-Dxd在MC38肿瘤模型上表现出良好的抑瘤效果。
实施例17
1.动物:NCG小鼠,8周龄雌性(江苏集萃药康生物科技股份有限公司)。
2.细胞:中国科学院细胞库,细胞使用含有10%胎牛血清DMEM(1x)培养基,在37℃,5%的CO2条件下培养,每3天传代一次,细胞使用在15代以内。
3.肿瘤产生:将5×106个MDA-MB-231细胞皮下注射到NCG小鼠背部,待肿瘤长至1000mm3左右随机分组,开始治疗。
4.治疗过程:尾静脉给药,给药一次。
分组与结果测量如表18和图16所示。
表18
实施例18:小鼠肿瘤模型中GCC TMEAbody的体内表征
将人结肠癌细胞HT-55细胞皮下移植到NDG小鼠体内以构建体内模型。根据培养条件培养HT-55细胞,在指数生长期收集细胞并计数。每只小鼠右侧接种1×106个人结肠癌细胞HT-55(悬浮于0.1ml基础培养基中)。接种后,待肿瘤生长至56~86mm3时(荷瘤后7天),根据小鼠体重和肿瘤体积随机分组,试验分为:PBS组,7B6-S16(5mg/kg)组。
治疗从分组当天开始。每周两次称重小鼠体重并测量肿瘤体积,计算体积公式为肿瘤体积=1/2×长×宽×宽(mm3)。肿瘤抑制率TGI(%)=[1-(Tt-T0)/(Ct-C0)]×100%;抑瘤率T/C(%)=(Tt/T0)/(Ct/C0)×100%。T0是试验组在分组时的肿瘤体积;Tt是每次测量期间试验组的肿瘤体积;C0是分组时PBS组的平均肿瘤体积;Ct是每次测量时PBS组的平均肿瘤体积。
结果如图17所示。7B6-S16在小鼠皮下的HT-55移植肿瘤模型中表现出明显的肿瘤生长抑制作用,治疗35天后7B6-S16(5mg/kg)组的抑制率TGI为106%,T/C为2%。结果表明,7B6-S16能够在肿瘤微环境中被激活并刺激抗肿瘤免疫应答。
实施例19
1.动物:裸鼠,6-8周龄,全为雌性(上海灵畅生物科技有限公司)。
2.细胞:对应细胞从美国模式培养物集存库(American type culture collection,ATCC)购买,并根据ATCC提供的说明书进行细胞的鉴定,细胞使用含有10%胎牛血清达尔伯克(氏)改良伊格尔(氏)培养基(简称DMEM培养液)在37℃,5%的二氧化碳条件下培养。每3天传代一次,细胞使用在15代以内。
3.肿瘤产生,将1.5×106个HT1080细胞皮下注射到裸鼠小鼠背部,待肿瘤长至达100mm3左右时随机分组,开始治疗,以开始治疗当天为第一天。
4.治疗过程
剂量(5μmol/Kg),每周一次给药,共3周。
分组与结果测量如表19所示。
表19:对应化合物与对照组对肿瘤抑制的影响
5.结果与讨论:本发明中的化合物S26,S41,S43,S49,S57和S58,相比依喜替康衍生物的治疗效果有着很大的提高,几乎可以达到治愈肿瘤的效果。
实施例20
1.试验目的:通过测定小鼠静脉用药MTD实验,了解本发明药物在生物体内的急性毒性反应。
2.试验药物:依喜替康衍生物,化合物S26,S41,S43,S49,S57和S58使用DMSO溶解,试验时用生理盐水稀释到相应剂量。
3.动物:一级巴比赛(BALB/C)小鼠(购自上海斯莱克实验动物有限责任公司),体重19-21g,全为雌性。
4.方法和结果:受试BALB/C小鼠48只,体重19-21g,全为雌性,按体重随机分为7组,每组6只。如表20所示剂量,分别一次性静脉注射依喜替康衍生物,化合物S26,S41,S43,S49,S57和S58。并进行生理盐水组对照试验,每个小鼠给药体积0.2ml。连续观察17天,每日观察动物是否出现立毛树立、糟乱无光泽、昏睡、弯腰驼背、过激反应等,记录体重和死亡情况。在第3、5、14天采血样进行全血球计数,在第14天解剖动物采取心脏、肝脏、肾脏、肺、脾脏、胰腺HE染色观察。
表20:受试小鼠分别接受不同剂量的化合物注射液与生理盐水的死亡率结果对照
5.结果与讨论:对比依喜替康衍生物,本发明注射S26,S41,S43,S49,S57和S58时,动物没有出现立毛树立、糟乱无光泽、昏睡、弯腰驼背、过激反应和死亡情况,表明小分子偶联药物的毒性比非偶联药物显著降低。
实施例21:S15偶联白蛋白和抗体后的开环方法
偶联工艺:量取白蛋白溶液(1.43umol/mL)1.8mL放入5mL的PEEK管中,再加入2mL S15(2umol/mL)充分混匀,常温放置,2小时后用10K透析卡10mM的NaH2PO4缓冲液(pH为5.0)透析过夜,获得偶联了白蛋白的化合物。
开环工艺:化合物偶联白蛋白后,在pH为5.0-10.0的30-80mM碳酸氢钠缓冲液中25-50℃孵育24-60h。孵育后采用3K超滤管,用LC-MS高分辨质谱检测开环情况,偶联白蛋白后的分子量为67702.78,偶联白蛋白开环后的分子量为67721.57。
偶联和开环工艺后的化合物血浆稳定性实验步骤:
1.量取HSA-Compound和HSA-Compound-开环样品(以下简称HSA-Compound-OR)(0.5umol/mL)20uL加入人血浆380uL中,充分混合,放置在37℃的水浴锅中;
2.分别在0h、2h、4h、24h、48h和96h量取混合溶液50uL,加入150uL蛋白沉淀剂(CH3OH/DMSO=1:1),12000rpm离心5min,取上清液HPLC进样。
药物进入肺组织匀浆液后释放DXD的百分比采用以下公式计算:
结果如图18所示。
实施例22:双抗药物偶联物的制备
双抗偶联药物能够同时靶向两种抗原,其靶向方式如图19所示的两种形式,其中Anti-Antigen1选自EGFR、Trop2、Cmet中的任意一种;Anti-Antigen2选自EGFR、Trop2、Cmet中的任意一种。
制备得到的双抗药物偶联物中,EGFR/Cmet-T785中的双抗的重链氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:9所示,轻链氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:11所示;EGFR/Cmet-Dxd中双抗的重链氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:10所示,轻链氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:12所示;EGFR/Trop2双抗的轻链氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:13所示,重链氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:14所示。
1、EGFR/Cmet-S5:
将2.0×106个表达人HGF的NCI-H292细胞在PBS中与基质胶1:1混匀,总体积100μL皮下接种在SCID Beige小鼠的右侧。当肿瘤平均大小达到139mm3时开始治疗。各研究组的试验品给药量和动物数量见下表21。肿瘤细胞接种日期记为第0天。
表21
在开始治疗之前,对所有动物称重并测量肿瘤体积。由于肿瘤体积会影响任何给定治疗的有效性,因此使用基于肿瘤体积的随机区组设计将小鼠分组。这可确保所有组在基线上具有可比性。随机区组设计用于将实验动物分组。首先,将实验动物根据其初始肿瘤体积分成均匀的块。其次,在每个区块内,对实验动物进行随机化处理。使用随机区组设计来分配实验动物,确保每只动物被分配到给定治疗的概率相同,从而减少了系统误差。
在常规监测时,检查动物的肿瘤生长和治疗对正常行为的任何影响,例如活动能力、食物和水消耗的视觉估计、体重增加/减少(每周测量两次体重)、眼睛/头发打结和任何其他异常影响。
研究的终点是是否能延缓肿瘤生长或是否能治愈荷瘤小鼠。每周两次使用卡尺在两个维度上测量肿瘤大小,体积用mm3表示,公式为:V=0.5a×b2,其中a和b分别为肿瘤的长径和短径。
结果如图20所示。结果显示,在第18天时,药物EGFR/Cmet-T785在NCI-H292肿瘤模型中的TGI为76.9%,说明EGFR/Cmet-S5可以明显减慢肿瘤的生长速率,从而有效延长小鼠的生存期。因此,药物EGFR/Cmet-S5在NCI-H292肿瘤模型上显示出了良好的抑瘤效果。
2、EGFR/Cmet-S16:
将2.0×106个表达人HGF的NCI-H292细胞在PBS中与基质胶1:1混匀,总体积100μL皮下接种在SCID Beige小鼠的右侧。当肿瘤平均大小达到139mm3时开始治疗。各研究组的试验品给药量和动物数量见下表22。肿瘤细胞接种日期记为第0天。
表22
在开始治疗之前,对所有动物称重并测量肿瘤体积。由于肿瘤体积会影响任何给定治疗的有效性,因此使用基于肿瘤体积的随机区组设计将小鼠分组。这可确保所有组在基线上具有可比性。随机区组设计用于将实验动物分组。首先,将实验动物根据其初始肿瘤体积分成均匀的块。其次,在每个区块内,对实验动物进行随机化处理。使用随机区组设计来分配实验动物,确保每只动物被分配到给定治疗的概率相同,从而减少了系统误差。
在常规监测时,检查动物的肿瘤生长和治疗对正常行为的任何影响,例如活动能力、食物和水消耗的视觉估计、体重增加/减少(每周测量两次体重)、眼睛/头发打结和任何其他异常影响。
研究的终点是是否能延缓肿瘤生长或是否能治愈荷瘤小鼠。每周两次使用卡尺在两个维度上测量肿瘤大小,体积用mm3表示,公式为:V=0.5a×b2,其中a和b分别为肿瘤的长径和短径。
结果如图21所示。结果显示,在第18天时,药物EGFR/Cmet-S16在NCI-H292肿瘤模型中的TGI为87.2%,并且EGFR/Cmet-S16在第7天至第18天之间可以完全抑制肿瘤的增长。因此,药物EGFR/Cmet-S16在NCI-H292肿瘤模型上表现出良好的抑瘤效果。
3、EGFR/Trop2-S5:
将2.0×106个NCI-H292(TROP2highEGFRhigh)细胞在PBS中与基质胶1:1混匀,总体积100μL皮下接种在SCID Beige小鼠的右侧。当肿瘤平均大小达到100mm3左右时开始治疗。各研究组的试验品给药量和动物数量见下表23。肿瘤细胞接种日期记为第0天。
表23
在开始治疗之前,对所有动物称重并测量肿瘤体积。由于肿瘤体积会影响任何给定治疗的有效性,因此使用基于肿瘤体积的随机区组设计将小鼠分组。这可确保所有组在基线上具有可比性。随机区组设计用于将实验动物分组。首先,将实验动物根据其初始肿瘤体积分成均匀的块。其次,在每个区块内,对实验动物进行随机化处理。使用随机区组设计来分配实验动物,确保每只动物被分配到给定治疗的概率相同,从而减少了系统误差。
在常规监测时,检查动物的肿瘤生长和治疗对正常行为的任何影响,例如活动能力、食物和水消耗的视觉估计、体重增加/减少(每周测量两次体重)、眼睛/头发打结和任何其他异常影响。
研究的终点是是否能延缓肿瘤生长或是否能治愈荷瘤小鼠。每周两次使用卡尺在两个维度上测量肿瘤大小,体积用mm3表示,公式为:V=0.5a×b2,其中a和b分别为肿瘤的长径和短径。
结果如下表24所示。
表24
4、EGFR/Trop2-S16:
将2.0×106个NCI-H292(TROP2highEGFRhigh)细胞在PBS中与基质胶1:1混匀,总体积100μL皮下接种在SCID Beige小鼠的右侧。当肿瘤平均大小达到100mm3左右时开始治疗。各研究组的试验品给药量和动物数量见下表25。肿瘤细胞接种日期记为第0天。
表25
在开始治疗之前,对所有动物称重并测量肿瘤体积。由于肿瘤体积会影响任何给定治疗的有效性,因此使用基于肿瘤体积的随机区组设计将小鼠分组。这可确保所有组在基线上具有可比性。随机区组设计用于将实验动物分组。首先,将实验动物根据其初始肿瘤体积分成均匀的块。其次,在每个区块内,对实验动物进行随机化处理。使用随机区组设计来分配实验动物,确保每只动物被分配到给定治疗的概率相同,从而减少了系统误差。
在常规监测时,检查动物的肿瘤生长和治疗对正常行为的任何影响,例如活动能力、食物和水消耗的视觉估计、体重增加/减少(每周测量两次体重)、眼睛/头发打结和任何其他异常影响。
研究的终点是是否能延缓肿瘤生长或是否能治愈荷瘤小鼠。每周两次使用卡尺在两个维度上测量肿瘤大小,体积用mm3表示,公式为:V=0.5a×b2,其中a和b分别为肿瘤的长径和短径。
结果如下表26所示。
表26
通过以上实验发现,连接子含有AAN序列的小分子药物或蛋白偶联药物能够更高效地释放荷载,从而提高治疗效果。
实施例23:S41(QHL-1618)对人纤维肉瘤细胞HT-1080在BALB/c裸小鼠皮下肿瘤模型上的药效学和药物安全性评价
本试验选用32只雌性Balb/c裸小鼠,皮下接种人纤维肉瘤细胞HT-1080,构建移植瘤模型,待移植瘤平均体积达到100mm3时,随机分成4组,每组8只,分别给予溶媒(Vehicle)、2.47mg/kg或者5μmol/kg CPT-780(阳性对照,S41 payload Dxd)、7.12mg/kg或5μmol/kg S41、14.25mg/kg或10μmol/kg S41,采用尾静脉注射给药,给药容量均为10ml/kg,每周给药1次,给药3周。
结果如图22所示。S41表现出明显的抑制肿瘤细胞HT-1080移植瘤的生长作用,在试验第38天,10μmol/kg的S41为有效剂量,同时在小鼠上并没有表现出明显的药物毒性。
实施例24:待测化合物对人纤维肉瘤HT-1080在BALB/c裸小鼠皮下移植瘤模型上的体内药效学研究
本试验使用30只雌性Balb/c小鼠,皮下接种人纤维肉瘤HT-1080细胞,构建移植瘤模型,移植瘤平均体积达到161mm3时,随机分成5组,每组6只,分别给予溶酶(Vehicle)、1.63mg/kg或者3.3μmol/kg CPT-780(阳性对照,S41 payload Dxd)、1.57mg/kg或1.1μmol/kgS41、4.70mg/kg或3.3μmol/kg S41、14.25mg/kg或者10μmol/kg S41,采用尾静脉注射给药,给药容量均为10μl/g,每周给药1次,给药17天。
结果如图23所示。结果显示,S41表现出明显的抑制肿瘤细胞HT-1080移植瘤的生长作用。在试验第17天,S414.70mg/kg和14.25mg/kg治疗组所有小鼠(N=6)观察到肿瘤消退,其中肿瘤完全消退至清零的小鼠在S414.70mg/kg和14.25mg/kg两个治疗组中的占比分别为80%。
实施例25:S41对小鼠结肠癌细胞CT-26在BALB/c小鼠皮下肿瘤模型上的药效学和药物安全性评价
本试验使用30只雌性Balb/c小鼠,皮下接种小鼠结肠癌细胞CT-26,构建移植瘤模型,移植瘤平均体积达到127mm3时,随机分成5组,每组6只,分别给予溶酶(Vehicle)、3mg/kg或者6μmol/kg CPT-780(阳性对照,S41 payload Dxd)、3mg/kg或6μmol/kg S41、9mg/kg或1μmol/kg S41,采用尾静脉注射给药,给药容量均为10ml/kg,每周给药1次,给药4周。
结果如图24所示。结果显示,S41表现出明显的抑制肿瘤细胞CT-26移植瘤的生长作用,在试验第27天,S41(18μmol/kg)为有效剂量。同时在小鼠上并没有表现出明显的药物毒性。
实施例26:S41和anti-mPD-1联合治疗对小鼠结肠癌细胞CT-26在BALB/c小鼠皮下肿瘤模型上的药效学和药物安全性评价
本试验使用24只雌性Balb/c小鼠,皮下接种小鼠结肠癌细胞CT-26,构建移植瘤模型,移植瘤平均体积达到127mm3时,随机分成4组,每组6只,分别给予溶酶(Vehicle)、9mg/kg或者18μmol/kg S41、5mg/kg anti-mPD-1抗体、9mg/kg S41联合5mg/kg anti-mPD-1抗体,采用尾静脉注射给药,给药容量均为10ml/kg。S41每周给药1次,anti-mPD-1抗体每周给药2次,给药4周。
结果如图25所示。结果显示,S41和anti-mPD-1表现出协同抑制肿瘤细胞CT-26移植瘤生长的作用。
实施例27:S41对小鼠结肠癌细胞CT-26在BALB/e小鼠皮下肿瘤模型上的药效学和药物安全性评价
本试验使用24只雌性Balb/c小鼠,皮下接种小鼠结肠癌细胞CT-26,构建移植瘤模型,移植瘤平均体积达到150-200mm3时,随机分成4组,每组6只,分别给予溶酶(Vehicle)、10mg/kg T-DXD类似物(阳性对照)、16mg/kg S41、24mg/kg S41(HSNTD剂量),采用尾静脉注射给药,给药容量均为10ml/kg,每周给药1次,给药2周。
结果如图26所示。结果显示,S41表现出明显的抑制肿瘤细胞CT-26移植瘤的生长作用。依据大鼠毒性试验结果,16mg/kg S41和10mg/kg T-DXD毒性相似,高剂量下,S41药效显著优于T-DXD。
实施例28:SD大鼠静脉注射给予S41四周恢复期四周重复给药毒性试验
本试验选用160只大鼠,随机分成4组,每组40只,雌雄各半,包括30只主试验组,以及10只TK组。分别给予生理盐水、3、6、12mg/kg的S41,每周给药1次,连续给药4周。随后停药恢复4周。试验中进行以下检查,一般观察、体重、摄食量、临床病理(包括血液学、血生化、凝血)、体温、心电图、眼科检查、尿液、大体解剖、脏器重量、骨髓涂片、组织病理学检查、以及毒代动力学。结果表明,HNSTD剂量为12mg/kg。
实施例29:Beagle犬静脉注射给予S41四周恢复期四周重复给药毒性试验
本试验选用40只比格犬,随机分成4组,每组10只,雌雄各半。分别给予生理盐水、1、2.5、5mg/kg的S41,每周给药1次,连续给药4周。随后停药恢复4周。试验中进行以下检查,一般观察、体重、摄食量、临床病理(包括血液学、血生化、凝血)、体温、心电图、眼科检查、尿液、大体解剖、脏器重量、骨髓涂片、组织病理学检查、以及毒代动力学。结果表明,HNSTD剂量为2.5mg/kg。
综上所述,本发明提供的抗体偶联药物,能够靶向性识别和聚集在肿瘤细胞周围,并只能在肿瘤细胞表面激活药物,高效地杀死肿瘤,且药物的毒性也一定程度降低,具有非常好的应用前景。
Claims (15)
- 一种药物偶联物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述药物偶联物具有式(I)或(II)所示的化学结构,
R1-R2-D (I)
R2'-D (II)其中:R1为与生物分子偶联的化学结构,或R1不存在;R2和R2’各自独立为增强构效关系的调整化学结构;D选自下述X1-X5所示的结构:
其中,波浪线表示D与R2或R2'连接的位置。 - 如权利要求1所述的药物偶联物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述R1不存在,或选自:
优选地,R1选自:其中,波浪线表示R1与R2连接的位置。 - 如权利要求1所述的药物偶联物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述R2选自:-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;-C1-6亚烷基-O-*;-C1-6亚烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;-C1-6亚烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*-C1-6亚烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;-NH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;-NH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;-NH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*;-NH-C1-55亚烷基-CO-*;-NH-C1-55亚烷基-NH-*;-NH-C1-55亚烷基-O-*;-CO-C1-55亚烷基-CO-*;-CO-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;-CO-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;-CO-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*;-CO-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;-CO-C1-6亚烷基-NHCO-SO3H取代的C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;
其中:*表示与D连接的位置;R4为单价基团或二价基团,当R4与化合物的其它部分连接时为二价基团,选自:C1-6烷基或C1-6亚烷基;C1-6烷基-C3-8亚环烷基-或C1-6亚烷基-C3-8亚环烷基-;-CO-C1-6亚烷基-;C1-6烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-C1-6亚烷基-或C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-C1-6亚烷基-;-NH-C1-6亚烷基;C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-C1-6亚烷基-;和-NH-C1-6亚烷基-C3-8亚环烷基;R5为单价基团或二价基团,当R5与化合物的其它部分连接时为二价基团,选自:C1-6烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-;C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-;-CO-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-;R4和R5中一个为二价基团,另一个为单价基团;R6不存在,或为-NH-C1-6亚烷基-三唑基-C1-6亚烷基羰基或-NH-C1-6亚烷基-三唑基-C1- 6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NHCO-C1-6亚烷氧基-C1-6亚烷基羰基;L2和L3各自独立为键或C1-6亚烷基;L4各自独立为C1-6亚烷基;L5为键、C1-6亚烷氧基-C1-6亚烷基羰基或C1-6亚烷基羰基;L6为C1-6亚烷基;L7为C1-6亚烷基或-C3-8亚环烷基-C1-6亚烷基;各n和m独立为1-50的整数;优选地,R2选自:
其中,o独立地为1-20的整数,m、n各自独立地为1-50的整数;更优选地,R2选自:
优选地,n、m各自独立地为2-20的整数。 - 如权利要求1所述的药物偶联物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述式(I)所示的药物偶联物选自:
各式中,R1如权利要求1或2所述。 - 如权利要求1所述的药物偶联物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述式(I)的药物偶联物选自:
- 如权利要求1所述的药物偶联物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述R2'选自:C1-6烷基-CO-*;C1-6烷基-O-*;C1-6烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;C1-6烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*C1-6烷基-OCONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;C1-6烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;NH2-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;NH2-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;NH2-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*;NH2-C1-55亚烷基-CO-*;NH2-C1-55亚烷基-NH-*;NH2-C1-55亚烷基-O-*;HOOC-C1-55亚烷基-CO-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-O-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-NHCO-SO3H取代的C1-6亚烷基-NH-*;N3-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;N3-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NHCO-C1-6亚烷基-O-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;HOOC-C1-6亚烷基-O-C1-6亚烷基-CO-*;
其中:*表示与D连接的位置;R4选自:C1-6烷基;C1-6烷基-C3-8亚环烷基-;COOH-C1-6亚烷基-;C1-6烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-C1-6亚烷基-;NH2-C1-6亚烷基;C1-6烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-C1-6亚烷基-;和NH2-C1-6亚烷基-C3-8亚环烷基;R5选自:C1-6烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-;C1-6烷基-CONH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)m-;COOH-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-;R6不存在,或为-NH-C1-6亚烷基-三唑基-C1-6亚烷基羰基、或-NH-C1-6亚烷基-三唑基-C1-6亚烷基-(O-CH2CH2-O)n-C1-6亚烷基-NHCO-C1-6亚烷氧基-C1-6亚烷基羰基;L2和L3各自独立为键或C1-6亚烷基;L4各自独立为C1-6亚烷基;L5为键、C1-6亚烷氧基-C1-6亚烷基羰基或C1-6亚烷基羰基;L6为C1-6亚烷基;L7为C1-6亚烷基或-C3-8亚环烷基-C1-6亚烷基;各n和m独立为1-50的整数;p为0或1;当p为0时,该-NH-[CO-R4]p基团为-NH2;优选地,R2'选自:
其中,o独立地为1-20的整数,m、n各自独立地为1-50的整数;更优选地,R2’选自:
优选地,n、m各自独立地为2-20的整数。 - 如权利要求1所述的药物偶联物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述式(II)所示的药物偶联物选自:
- 一种抗体药物偶联物、其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述抗体药物偶联物如式(III)所示,
R3-(R1-R2-D)x 式(III);其中,R3为抗体;R1、R2、D如权利要求1-4中任一项所述;x为选自1-8中的整数。 - 如权利要求8所述的抗体药物偶联物、其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于:R1为:
R3-R1的连接方式为:
其中,S是R3中半胱氨酸残基的S原子;或R1为:
R3-R1的连接方式为:
其中,含有叠氮基团的R3与R1基团中的炔基偶联。 - 根据权利要求8所述的抗体偶联药物、其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述抗体为单克隆抗体或多特异性抗体;优选地,所述抗体选自下组:抗-Her2抗体,抗-EGFR抗体,抗-VEGFR抗体,抗-CD20抗体,抗-CD33抗体,抗-PD-L1抗体,抗-PD-1抗体,抗-CTLA-4抗体,抗-TNFα抗体,抗-CD28抗体,抗-4-1BB抗体,抗-OX40抗体,抗-GITR抗体,抗-CD27抗体,抗b-CD40抗体,抗-ICOS抗体,抗-CD25抗体,抗-CD30抗体,抗-CD3抗体,抗-CD22抗体,抗-CCR6抗体,抗-CD38抗体,抗-CD52抗体,抗-补体C5抗体,抗-RSV F蛋白抗体,抗体-GD2抗体,抗-GITR抗体,抗-糖蛋白受体lib/Illa抗体,抗-ICOS抗体,抗-IL2R抗体,抗-LAG3抗body,抗-α4整合素抗体,抗-1gE抗体,抗-PDGFRa抗体,抗-RANKL抗体,抗-SLAMF7抗体,抗-LTIGIT抗体,抗-TIM-3抗体,抗-VEGFR2抗体,抗-VISTA抗体,抗SSTR2抗体和抗LY6G6D抗体,抗GCC抗体,抗Trop2抗体,抗Cmet抗体,或由这些抗体中的任意两个或两个以上形成的多特异性抗体。
- 一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物包括:(i)如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的药物偶联物、或其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐和/或权利要求8-10任一项所述的抗体药物偶联物、或其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐;和(ii)药学上可接受的载体。
- 一种药物偶联物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述药物偶联物选自:
- 一种药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物含有权利要求12所述的药物偶联物、其立体异构体或其药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的载体。
- 如权利要求11-13中任一项所述的药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物还含有一种或多种其他抗癌药物;优选地,所述其他抗癌药物为莱古比星。
- 权利要求1-7中任一项所述的药物偶联物或其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐或权利要求8-11中任一项所述的抗体药物偶联物或其立体异构体或药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗和/或预防肿瘤和/或炎症的药物中的用途;优选地,所述肿瘤为血液肿瘤或实体瘤;更优选地,所述肿瘤选自下组:肉瘤(如纤维肉瘤)、膀胱癌、脑癌、乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结直肠癌、食道癌、肾癌、肝癌、肺癌、鼻咽癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、皮肤癌、胃癌、子宫癌、卵巢癌、睾丸癌和血癌。
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