WO2025192672A1 - Liquid drainage system - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid drainage system capable of achieving the effects of liquid injection and cerebrospinal fluid drainage rapidly while suppressing the burden on a patient. A liquid drainage system (2) comprises: an injection line (21) for injecting liquid into an accommodating cavity in which cerebrospinal fluid is housed; and a drainage line (22) for draining the cerebrospinal fluid from the inside to the outside of the accommodating cavity. At least one of the injection line (21) and the drainage line (22) is inserted into the accommodating cavity through the internal jugular vein (41).

Description

Liquid Discharge System

The present invention relates to a fluid drainage system used in the treatment of brain diseases.

When a brain disease such as cerebral infarction occurs, the blood flow that supplies oxygen to brain cells is blocked, which can cause damage to the brain cells. Therefore, when a cerebral infarction occurs, early reperfusion of blood flow is necessary. One proposed treatment for cerebral infarction involves injecting oxygenated cerebrospinal fluid or other liquid into the body cavity where the patient's cerebrospinal fluid is located, and then draining the cerebrospinal fluid out of the body cavity, replacing the cerebrospinal fluid with liquid and directly supplying oxygen to oxygen-starved brain cells.

Patent Document 1 discloses accessing the subarachnoid space from the lumbar vertebrae to process and circulate cerebrospinal fluid. However, using the lumbar vertebrae as a location to access the subarachnoid space from outside the living body has the following advantages and disadvantages:

In other words, when the lumbar spine is used as the location for accessing the subarachnoid space from outside the body, the subarachnoid space can be accessed simply by puncturing it with a device, which has the advantage of placing less strain on the patient. However, there is a disadvantage in that, because there is a certain distance between the lumbar spine (the puncture site) and the brain (the treatment site), it takes a certain amount of time for the effects of injecting and draining fluid to be seen.

It is also possible to use the ventricles and cisterns as locations for accessing the subarachnoid space from outside the body. This has the advantage that the effects of injecting and draining fluid can be achieved quickly because the fluid is supplied directly to the brain. However, it has the disadvantage that accessing the ventricles and cisterns requires inserting a device into the head or performing craniotomy to remove part of the skull, which places a significant burden on the patient.

Special Publication No. 2020-536618

The present invention was made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a fluid drainage system that can quickly achieve the effects of fluid injection and cerebrospinal fluid drainage while minimizing the burden on the patient.

The present invention provides (1) a liquid drainage system that replaces cerebrospinal fluid with a liquid by injecting a liquid into a housing cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid and discharging the cerebrospinal fluid to the outside of the housing cavity, the liquid drainage system comprising an injection line that injects the liquid into the inside of the housing cavity, and a drain line that discharges the cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the housing cavity to the outside of the housing cavity, wherein at least one of the injection line and the drain line is inserted into the inside of the housing cavity via the internal jugular vein.

According to the liquid drainage system of (1) above, at least one of the injection line and the drain line is inserted into the interior of the containment cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid via the internal jugular vein. Therefore, the liquid drainage system of (1) above allows at least one of the injection line and the drain line to access the interior of the containment cavity without puncturing or opening the craniotomy, and can replace the cerebrospinal fluid with a liquid by connecting the inside of the containment cavity with the outside of the living body. As a result, the liquid drainage system of (1) above can quickly obtain the effects of injecting liquid and draining cerebrospinal fluid while minimizing the burden on the patient.

(2) In the liquid drainage system described in (1) above, it is preferable that at least one of the infusion line and the drainage line is inserted from the internal jugular vein through the inferior petrosal sinus and from the inferior petrosal sinus into the cerebellopontine angle cistern.

According to the fluid drainage system of (2) above, at least one of the infusion line and the drainage line is inserted from the internal jugular vein through the inferior petrosal sinus adjacent to the dura mater, and from the inferior petrosal sinus through the dura mater and into the cerebellopontine angle cistern. Therefore, the fluid drainage system of (2) above allows at least one of the infusion line and the drainage line to access the cerebellopontine angle cistern located on the periphery of the brain without burr hole or craniotomy, and can connect the cerebellopontine angle cistern to the outside of the body, replacing cerebrospinal fluid with liquid. This allows the fluid drainage system of (2) above to achieve the effects of fluid injection and cerebrospinal fluid drainage more quickly while minimizing the burden on the patient.

(3) It is preferable that the liquid drainage system described in (2) above further includes a fixing unit for fixing the injection line and the drainage line inserted from the inferior petrosal sinus to the cerebellopontine angle cistern.

According to the liquid drainage system described above in (3), the fixing portion fixes the injection line and drainage line inserted from the inferior petrosal sinus into the cerebellopontine angle cistern, preventing the injection line from coming loose from the inferior petrosal sinus and cerebellopontine angle cistern during liquid injection, and preventing the drainage line from coming loose from the inferior petrosal sinus and cerebellopontine angle cistern during cerebrospinal fluid drainage. This allows the injection line to more reliably inject liquid into the cerebellopontine angle cistern, and the drainage line to more reliably drain cerebrospinal fluid from the cerebellopontine angle cistern.

(4) In any of the liquid discharge systems (1) to (3) above, it is preferable that at least the other of the inlet line and the outlet line is inserted into the interior of the storage cavity via either the head or the back.

According to the liquid drainage system described above in (4), at least the other of the infusion line and the drainage line is inserted into the cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid via either the head or the back, rather than via the internal jugular vein. This allows the site where the liquid is injected and the site where the cerebrospinal fluid is drained to be located apart from each other. This prevents the formation of a flow of liquid injected from the infusion line into the cavity toward the drainage line (i.e., a local steady flow). This allows the infusion line to efficiently inject liquid, and the drainage line to efficiently drain cerebrospinal fluid.

(5) In the liquid discharge system described in (4) above, it is preferable that the head is at least one of a cerebral cisterna and a cerebral ventricle.

According to the fluid drainage system described above in (5), at least the other of the infusion line and the drainage line is inserted into the cavity containing the cerebrospinal fluid via at least one of the cistern and the ventricle, rather than the internal jugular vein. This makes it possible to suppress the formation of a local steady flow. This allows the infusion line to efficiently inject fluid, and the drainage line to efficiently drain cerebrospinal fluid.

(6) In the liquid drainage system described in (4) above, the back is preferably the spinal canal near the lumbar vertebrae.

According to the fluid drainage system described above in (6), at least the other of the infusion line and drainage line is inserted into the cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid via the spinal cavity near the lumbar vertebrae, rather than via the internal jugular vein. This makes it possible to suppress the formation of a local steady flow. This allows the infusion line to efficiently inject fluid, and the drainage line to efficiently drain cerebrospinal fluid.

(7) In any of the liquid drainage systems (1) to (6) above, it is preferable that the drainage line drains the cerebrospinal fluid into a part of the living body other than the storage cavity, or into a reservoir provided outside the living body.

According to the liquid drainage system described in (7) above, cerebrospinal fluid present inside the containment cavity is drained into a reservoir located inside or outside the living body, separate from the containment cavity. This prevents the volume of the containment cavity as a closed space from increasing, and prevents an increase in intracranial pressure.

(8) In any of the liquid discharge systems described in (7) above, it is preferable that the interior of the living body is at least one of the abdominal cavity, a vein, and the interior of the atrium.

According to the liquid drainage system described above in (8), cerebrospinal fluid present inside the containing cavity is drained to at least one of the abdominal cavity, vein, and atrium, which are separate from the containing cavity. This prevents the volume of the containing cavity as a closed space from increasing, and prevents an increase in intracranial pressure.

(9) In any of the liquid discharge systems (1) to (8) above, the liquid is preferably at least one of lactated Ringer's solution, artificial cerebrospinal fluid, physiological saline, a medicinal solution, and distilled water for injection.

The liquid discharge system described in (9) above can replace the cerebrospinal fluid contained within the containment cavity with at least one of lactated Ringer's solution, artificial cerebrospinal fluid, physiological saline, medicinal liquid, and distilled water for injection. This allows the liquid discharge system described in (9) above to quickly achieve the effects of injecting liquid and discharging cerebrospinal fluid.

(10) It is preferable that any of the liquid discharge systems described above in (1) to (9) further include a liquid delivery unit provided in at least one of the inlet line and the outlet line, which delivers the liquid.

According to the liquid drainage system of (10) above, at least one of the injection line and the drainage line can access the inside of the housing cavity without trepanning or craniotomy, and the inside of the housing cavity can be connected to the outside of the living body, allowing the liquid to be circulated by the liquid delivery unit. As a result, the liquid drainage system of (10) above can quickly obtain the effects of liquid injection and drainage while minimizing the burden on the patient.

(11) It is preferable that any of the liquid discharge systems described above in (1) to (10) further includes a treatment unit that performs a predetermined treatment on the liquid discharged to the outside of the storage cavity and injects the treated liquid into the inside of the storage cavity through the injection line.

The liquid discharge system described above in (11) allows the liquid discharged to the outside of the housing cavity to be treated by the treatment unit, and then the liquid can be injected into the housing cavity.

The present invention provides a fluid drainage system that can quickly achieve the effects of fluid injection and cerebrospinal fluid drainage while minimizing the burden on the patient.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid discharge system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid discharge system according to a modified example of the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid discharge system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid discharge system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a liquid discharge system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure in which the discharge line of this embodiment discharges cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the storage cavity to the outside of the storage cavity. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the spinal cord and vertebrae of a living organism. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting plane A21-A21 shown in FIG. 22. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first specific example of an access position and an access method for a cerebral ventricle. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a first specific example of an access position and an access method for a cerebral ventricle. FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a second specific example of an access position and an access method for the ventricle. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a second specific example of an access position and an access method for the ventricle.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The embodiments described below are preferred examples of the present invention, and therefore various technically preferable limitations are applied thereto, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these aspects unless otherwise specified in the following description to the effect that the present invention is particularly limited. Furthermore, in each drawing, similar components are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a liquid discharge system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
The fluid drainage system 2 according to this embodiment replaces the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of a subject by injecting a liquid into a cavity containing the cerebrospinal fluid and then draining the cerebrospinal fluid out of the cavity. CSF is primarily contained in the subarachnoid space and ventricles. That is, the cavities containing cerebrospinal fluid include the subarachnoid space and ventricles. One of the subarachnoid spaces in the cerebral cisterna is the cerebellopontine angle cisterna (CP Angle cisterna). Therefore, the cerebellopontine angle cisterna is also included in the cisterna of this embodiment.

The liquid to be injected into the containing cavity may be, for example, a liquid with an oxygen concentration higher than that of normal cerebrospinal fluid (i.e., a highly oxygenated solution). However, the liquid to be injected into the containing cavity is not limited to a highly oxygenated solution. For example, the liquid to be injected into the containing cavity may be a liquid containing a drug in which a drug has been added to cerebrospinal fluid, or it may be cerebrospinal fluid that has been filtered to remove undesirable substances. Alternatively, the liquid to be injected into the containing cavity may be cerebrospinal fluid that has been subjected to some kind of treatment, such as by irradiating it with energy or heating it.

Furthermore, in the initial stages of treatment, the liquid injected into the containing cavity may be lactated Ringer's solution as a substitute for cerebrospinal fluid. In this embodiment, cerebrospinal fluid, artificial cerebrospinal fluid such as lactated Ringer's solution, a mixture of cerebrospinal fluid and lactated Ringer's solution, physiological saline, medicinal solutions, and distilled water for injection may be collectively referred to as liquid. In the following explanation, for the sake of convenience, a case where the liquid injected into the containing cavity is a highly oxygenated solution may be given as an example.

As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid discharge system 2 includes an injection line 21 and a discharge line 22. The liquid discharge system 2 may also include a liquid delivery unit 23, a reservoir tank 27, and a storage unit 28.

The infusion line 21 has a long member with an inner cavity containing, for example, a catheter, and is inserted into the containing cavity through either the subject's head or back, and injects a liquid into the containing cavity as shown by arrow A1 in Figure 1. As shown in Figure 1, the back into which the infusion line 21 is inserted can be, for example, the spinal cavity near the lumbar vertebrae. Specific examples of access locations and access methods for the spinal cavity near the lumbar vertebrae will be described later. Also, as shown in Figure 1, the head into which the infusion line 21 is inserted can be, for example, at least one of the cisterns and ventricles. Specific examples of access locations and access methods for the cisterns and ventricles will be described later.

The drain line 22 has a device 3 and is inserted into the interior of the housing cavity via the subject's internal jugular vein 41. As shown in FIG. 1, for example, the drain line 22 passes from the internal jugular vein 41 through the inferior petrosal sinus 42 and is inserted from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the interior of the housing cavity. Details of the drain line 22's access to the interior of the housing cavity will be described later.

The cavities that contain cerebrospinal fluid (e.g., the subarachnoid space and ventricles) are nearly closed spaces. A certain amount of pressure, such as intracranial pressure, is also applied inside the cavity. Therefore, when the drain line 22 is inserted into the cavity, it drains the cerebrospinal fluid inside the cavity to the outside of the cavity, as shown by arrows A2 and A3 in Figure 1.

The device 3 has a guiding sheath 31, a guiding catheter 32, and a drainage catheter 33. The cerebrospinal fluid drained through the drainage catheter 33 is supplied to a reservoir 28 provided outside the living body. Alternatively, the cerebrospinal fluid drained through the drainage catheter 33 may be drained into an interior of the living body other than the receiving cavity. In this case, the interior of the living body other than the receiving cavity is not particularly limited as long as it is a location that can generally absorb cerebrospinal fluid, and examples include at least one of the abdominal cavity, veins, and atrium, which are used in shunt surgery for hydrocephalus.

The reservoir tank 27 stores the liquid to be injected into the housing cavity. Examples of the liquid stored in the reservoir tank 27 are as described above.

The liquid delivery unit 23 is provided in the injection line 21 and delivers liquid supplied from the reservoir tank 27. The liquid delivery unit 23 may be provided in the discharge line 22, or in both the injection line 21 and the discharge line 22. Examples of the liquid delivery unit 23 include an infusion pump and a syringe pump. Note that the liquid delivery unit 23 does not necessarily have to be provided.

As shown by arrow A1 in Figure 1, the fluid delivery unit 23 delivers fluid to the infusion line 21, and the fluid is injected into the containing cavity through the infusion line 21 from either the subject's head or back. As mentioned above, the containing cavity (e.g., the subarachnoid space and ventricles) that contains cerebrospinal fluid is a nearly closed space. Furthermore, a certain amount of pressure, such as intracranial pressure, is applied inside the containing cavity. Therefore, when the infusion line 21 injects fluid into the containing cavity, the cerebrospinal fluid inside the containing cavity is pushed out of the containing cavity through the discharge line 22, which includes the device 3, as shown by arrows A2 and A3 in Figure 1.

Next, a modification of the first embodiment will be described.
In addition, in cases where the components of the liquid discharge system 2B according to this modified example are the same as the components of the liquid discharge system 2 according to the first embodiment described above with reference to Figure 1, duplicate explanations will be omitted as appropriate, and the following explanation will focus on the differences.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a liquid discharge system according to a modified example of the first embodiment.
The infusion line 21 and the fluid delivery mechanism are the same as those in the first embodiment, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted. In addition, in the description of this modification, the "interior of the living body other than the accommodation cavity" described above with reference to FIG. 1 is taken as an example to be the interior of a vein.

The fluid drainage system 2B of this modified example includes a drainage shunt 22B instead of the drainage line 22 described above with reference to Figure 1. One end of the drainage shunt 22B is positioned inside the cavity that contains cerebrospinal fluid. The other end of the drainage shunt 22B is positioned inside the vein.

The drainage shunt 22B may have a one-way valve to prevent venous blood from flowing back into the cerebrospinal fluid cavity. It may also have an anchor to stably place the drainage shunt 22B inside the vein.

With the liquid discharge system 2B of this modified example, fewer device parts are exposed to the outside of the living body compared to the liquid discharge system 2 of the first embodiment, reducing the risk of infection and other problems. Another advantage is that the discharge path for cerebrospinal fluid can be shortened, reducing the stress on the living body, such as the risk of large fluctuations in intracranial pressure.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In addition, in cases where the components of the liquid discharge system 2A according to the second embodiment are similar to the components of the liquid discharge system 2 according to the first embodiment described above with reference to Figure 1, duplicate explanations will be omitted as appropriate, and the following explanation will focus on the differences.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a liquid discharge system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The liquid discharge system 2A according to this embodiment includes an inlet line 21A and a discharge line 22. The discharge line 22 is as described above with reference to Fig. 1. The liquid discharge system 2A may also include a liquid delivery unit 23, a reservoir tank 27, and a storage unit 28. The liquid delivery unit 23, the reservoir tank 27, and the storage unit 28 are as described above with reference to Fig. 1.

In this embodiment, the injection line 21A has a device 3A similar to the device 3 that the discharge line 22 has. The device 3A has a guiding sheath 31, a guiding catheter 32, and an injection catheter 34. The injection line 21A is inserted into the interior of the housing cavity via the subject's internal jugular vein 41, and injects liquid into the interior of the housing cavity as indicated by arrows A7 and A8 in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, for example, the injection line 21A passes from the internal jugular vein 41 through the inferior petrosal sinus 42 and is inserted from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the interior of the housing cavity. The access of the injection line 21A to the interior of the housing cavity is similar to the access of the discharge line 22 to the interior of the housing cavity.

In the liquid drainage system 2A of this embodiment, the infusion line 21A passes from the internal jugular vein 41 on either the right or left side of the subject through one inferior petrosal sinus 42 and is inserted from one inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the interior of the storage cavity. The drainage line 22 passes from the other internal jugular vein 41 on either the right or left side of the subject through the other inferior petrosal sinus 42 and is inserted from the other inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the storage cavity. As described above with reference to Figure 1, details of the access of the drainage line 22 to the interior of the storage cavity will be described later. The other configuration is the same as the configuration of the liquid drainage system 2 of the first embodiment described above with reference to Figure 1.

The liquid discharge system 2A of this embodiment has the advantage that it does not require head puncture, reducing the burden on the patient, and that the treated liquid is delivered directly to the brain, making it easier to achieve therapeutic effects more quickly. Furthermore, by separating and positioning the injection line 21A and the discharge line 22 in the left and right inferior petrosal sinuses 42, it is possible to prevent the injected liquid from being immediately discharged.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In addition, in cases where the components of the liquid discharge system 2C according to the third embodiment are similar to the components of the liquid discharge system 2 according to the first embodiment described above with reference to Figure 1, duplicate explanations will be omitted as appropriate, and the following explanation will focus on the differences.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a liquid discharge system according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The fluid discharge system 2C according to this embodiment injects the fluid into a cavity that contains the cerebrospinal fluid of the subject and discharges the fluid to the outside of the cavity, thereby circulating the fluid. Because the fluid discharge system 2C according to this embodiment is a system that circulates the fluid, it is also referred to as a "liquid circulation system."

As shown in FIG. 4, the liquid discharge system 2C includes an injection line 21, an exhaust line 22, and a liquid delivery unit 23. The injection line 21, the exhaust line 22, and the liquid delivery unit 23 are as described above with reference to FIG. 1. The liquid discharge system 2C may also include an oxygenation mechanism 24, an oxygen supply source 25, and a heat exchanger 26. The oxygenation mechanism 24, the oxygen supply source 25, and the heat exchanger 26 are each an example of a "treatment unit" of the present invention.

The infusion line 21 has a long member with an inner cavity containing, for example, a catheter, and is inserted into the containing cavity through either the subject's head or back, and injects a liquid into the containing cavity as shown by arrow A1 in Figure 4. As shown in Figure 4, an example of the back into which the infusion line 21 is inserted is the spinal cavity near the lumbar vertebrae. Specific examples of access locations and access methods for the spinal cavity near the lumbar vertebrae will be described later. Also, as shown in Figure 4, an example of the head into which the infusion line 21 is inserted is at least one of the cistern and the ventricle. Specific examples of access locations and access methods for the cistern and the ventricle will be described later.

The drain line 22 has a device 3 and is inserted into the interior of the housing cavity via the subject's internal jugular vein 41. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, the drain line 22 passes from the internal jugular vein 41 through the inferior petrosal sinus 42 and is inserted from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the interior of the housing cavity. Details of the drain line 22's access to the interior of the housing cavity will be described later.

The cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid (e.g., the subarachnoid space and ventricles) is a nearly closed space. A certain amount of pressure, such as intracranial pressure, is also applied inside the cavity. Therefore, when the drain line 22 is inserted into the cavity, it drains the liquid inside the cavity (e.g., cerebrospinal fluid) to the outside of the cavity, as shown by arrows A2 and A3 in Figure 4.

The device 3 has a guiding sheath 31, a guiding catheter 32, and a drainage catheter 33. The liquid drained through the drainage catheter 33 is supplied to the oxygenation mechanism 24.

The oxygenation mechanism 24 is connected to the oxygen supply source 25 via the first pipe 271. The oxygenation mechanism 24 mixes liquid such as cerebrospinal fluid supplied through the discharge line 22 with oxygen supplied from the oxygen supply source 25 through the first pipe 271, as indicated by arrow A4 in Figure 4, to produce oxygenated cerebrospinal fluid.

The oxygenation mechanism 24 is also connected to the heat exchanger 26 via second and third pipes 272 and 273, which do not intersect with the inlet line 21, outlet line 22, and first pipe 271. The heat exchanger 26 adjusts the temperature of a fluid other than the cerebrospinal fluid. The temperature-adjusted fluid is supplied to the oxygenation mechanism 24 through the third pipe 273, as indicated by arrow A6 in FIG. 4, and returns to the heat exchanger 26 through the second pipe 272, as indicated by arrow A5 in FIG. 4. At this time, the temperature-adjusted fluid in the oxygenation mechanism 24 indirectly adjusts the temperature of the cerebrospinal fluid by passing through a flow path adjacent to the cerebrospinal fluid flow path inside the oxygenation mechanism 24. The oxygenated and temperature-adjusted cerebrospinal fluid is then supplied to the inlet line 21 as a highly oxygenated solution. The oxygenation mechanism 24 may, for example, be a hollow fiber membrane oxygenator for adding oxygen to blood.

The liquid delivery unit 23 is provided in the infusion line 21 and circulates the liquid supplied from the oxygenation mechanism 24. The liquid delivery unit 23 may be provided in the discharge line 22, or in both the infusion line 21 and the discharge line 22. Examples of the liquid delivery unit 23 include an infusion pump and a syringe pump.

As shown by arrow A1 in FIG. 4, the fluid delivery unit 23 delivers fluid to the infusion line 21, and injects the fluid into the storage cavity through the infusion line 21 from either the head or back of the subject. As mentioned above, the storage cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid (e.g., the subarachnoid space and ventricles) is a nearly closed space. Therefore, when the infusion line 21 injects fluid into the storage cavity, the volume of the fluid contained in the closed space increases, and the fluid inside the storage cavity (e.g., cerebrospinal fluid) is pushed out of the storage cavity through the discharge line 22, which includes the device 3, as shown by arrows A2 and A3 in FIG. 4. In this way, the fluid delivery unit 23 circulates the fluid.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In addition, in cases where the components of the liquid discharge system 2D according to the fourth embodiment are similar to the components of the liquid discharge system 2C according to the third embodiment described above with reference to Figure 4, duplicate explanations will be omitted as appropriate, and the following explanation will focus on the differences.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a liquid discharge system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The liquid discharge system 2D according to this embodiment includes an injection line 21A, a discharge line 22, and a liquid delivery unit 23. The injection line 21A is as described above with reference to FIG. 3. The discharge line 22 and the liquid delivery unit 23 are as described above with reference to FIG. 1. The liquid discharge system 2D may also include an oxygenation mechanism 24, an oxygen supply source 25, and a heat exchanger 26. The oxygenation mechanism 24, the oxygen supply source 25, and the heat exchanger 26 are as described above with reference to FIG. 4. Since the liquid discharge system 2D according to this embodiment is a system that circulates a liquid, it is also referred to as a "liquid circulation system."

In this embodiment, the injection line 21A has a device 3A similar to the device 3 that the discharge line 22 has. The device 3A has a guiding sheath 31, a guiding catheter 32, and an injection catheter 34. The injection line 21A is inserted into the interior of the housing cavity via the subject's internal jugular vein 41, and injects liquid into the interior of the housing cavity as indicated by arrows A7 and A8 in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 5, for example, the injection line 21A passes from the internal jugular vein 41 through the inferior petrosal sinus 42 and is inserted from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the interior of the housing cavity. The access of the injection line 21A to the interior of the housing cavity is similar to the access of the discharge line 22 to the interior of the housing cavity.

In the liquid drainage system 2D of this embodiment, the injection line 21A passes from the internal jugular vein 41 on either the right or left side of the subject through one inferior petrosal sinus 42 and is inserted from one inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the interior of the storage cavity. The drainage line 22 passes from the other internal jugular vein 41 on either the right or left side of the subject through the other inferior petrosal sinus 42 and is inserted from the other inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the storage cavity. As described above with reference to Figure 4, details of the access of the drainage line 22 to the interior of the storage cavity will be described later. The other configuration is the same as the configuration of the liquid drainage system 2C of the third embodiment described above with reference to Figure 4.

The liquid discharge system 2D of this embodiment has the advantage that it does not require head puncture, reducing the burden on the patient, and that the treated liquid is delivered directly to the brain, making it easier to achieve therapeutic effects more quickly. Furthermore, by separating and positioning the injection line 21A and the discharge line 22 in the left and right inferior petrosal sinuses 42, it is possible to prevent the injected liquid from being immediately discharged.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the device of this embodiment.
1 and 3, device 3 of this embodiment is included in drain line 22. As described above with reference to Fig. 3, device 3A of this embodiment is included in infusion line 21A. The structure and shape of infusion catheter 34 of device 3A are similar to the structure and shape of drainage catheter 33 of device 3. Therefore, the device of this embodiment will be described below using device 3 included in drain line 22 as an example.

The device 3 includes a guiding sheath 31, a guiding catheter 32, a drainage catheter 33, and a fixing portion 35. The guiding sheath 31 penetrates the skin 48 from the outside 49 of the living body, passes through the internal jugular vein 41, and is positioned in the inferior petrosal sinus 42. In the example shown in Figure 6, the tip 311 of the guiding sheath 31 is positioned at the junction 411 of the internal jugular vein 41, the inferior petrosal sinus 42, and the jugular bulb 44.

As shown in FIG. 6, the tip 321 of the guiding catheter 32 passes through the lumen of the guiding sheath 31, i.e., penetrates the skin 48 from the outside 49 of the living body, passes through the internal jugular vein 41, and is positioned in the inferior petrosal sinus 42. Also, as shown in FIG. 6, the tip 331 of the drainage catheter 33 passes through the lumen of the guiding catheter 32, i.e., penetrates the skin 48 from the outside 49 of the living body, passes through the internal jugular vein 41, penetrates the dura mater 46 and arachnoid mater 47, and is positioned in the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 between the arachnoid mater 47 and the brainstem 45.

For example, when the infusion lines 21, 21A inject liquid into the interior of the receiving cavity, the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 passes from the distal end 331 of the discharge catheter 33 through the lumen of the discharge catheter 33 as indicated by arrow A11 in Figure 6, and is discharged from the proximal end 333 of the discharge catheter 33 to the outside of the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43, i.e., to the outside 49 of the living body, as indicated by arrow A12 in Figure 6.

When the infusion line 21A injects liquid into the interior of the accommodation cavity using the device 3A, the liquid passes through the lumen of the injection catheter 34 from the base end of the injection catheter 34 in the direction opposite to the arrow A12 shown in FIG. 6, and is injected into the interior of the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 from the tip end of the injection catheter 34 in the direction opposite to the arrow A11 shown in FIG. 6.

Here, the device 3 further includes a fixing portion 35 equipped with a long wire 351. As shown in FIG. 6, the fixing portion 35 is expanded and positioned inside the inferior petrosal sinus 42 in the vicinity of the junction 411, and secures the infusion line 21A (see FIG. 3) and the drainage line 22 inserted from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43. Specifically, the fixing portion 35 functions as an anchor in its expanded state, suppressing movement of the guiding catheter 32 in the longitudinal direction (i.e., the extension direction) and rotational movement about the central axis.

A connector 36 is attached to the hub of the guiding sheath 31. The connector 36 has a valve body made of an elastic material, and holds the wire 351 of the fixing part 35 and the guiding catheter 32 together.

The fixing portion 35 itself has an expandable function, and when released from the constraint, it expands due to elastic force and returns to its pre-contracted shape. In other words, the fixing portion 35 of this embodiment functions as a self-expanding fixing portion, similar to, for example, a self-expanding stent. The fixing portion 35 has struts as thin, linear wires, similar to, for example, a stent, and is formed into a tubular skeleton overall.

The fixing portion 35 is contracted when stored in the lumen of the guiding sheath 31. On the other hand, when the fixing portion 35 passes through an opening formed in the distal end 311 of the guiding sheath 31 and exits the guiding sheath 31, the applied stress is released and the fixing portion 35 expands due to its own elastic force, returning to its pre-contracted shape. When the fixing portion 35 is stored in the lumen of the guiding sheath 31 through an opening formed in the distal end 311 of the guiding sheath 31, it contracts again.

When expanded, the fixing portion 35 functions as an anchor to secure the guiding catheter 32 in the appropriate position, preventing the infusion line 21A from becoming dislodged from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 and the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 during fluid injection, and preventing the drainage line 22 from becoming dislodged from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 and the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 during cerebrospinal fluid drainage. This allows the infusion line 21A to more reliably inject fluid into the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43. The drainage line 22 to more reliably drain cerebrospinal fluid from the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43.

Next, the procedure for discharging cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the accommodation cavity to the outside of the accommodation cavity using the discharge line 22 having the device 3 will be described with reference to the drawings.
The procedure for injecting liquid into the storage cavity using the infusion line 21A with the device 3A differs only in that the direction of flow of the liquid is opposite to the direction of flow of cerebrospinal fluid in the discharge line 22; otherwise, the procedure is the same as the procedure for discharging cerebrospinal fluid out of the storage cavity using the discharge line 22 with the device 3.

7 to 21 are schematic diagrams illustrating an example of a procedure for discharging cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the accommodation cavity to the outside of the accommodation cavity using the discharge line of this embodiment.
The drainage line 22 is inserted into the internal jugular vein 41 through the subject's skin 48. Specifically, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, a needle 51 is first inserted through the skin 48 into the internal jugular vein 41. Next, as shown in Figure 9, a guide wire 52 is passed through the lumen of the needle 51 and inserted into the inferior petrosal sinus 42 via the internal jugular vein 41.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the needle 51 is removed. Next, as shown in FIG. 11, a guide wire 52 is inserted into the lumen of the guiding sheath 31, and the guiding sheath 31 is advanced along the guide wire 52. As a result, the guiding sheath 31 is inserted into the inferior petrosal sinus 42 via the internal jugular vein 41. In other words, the tip 311 of the guiding sheath 31 is delivered to the inferior petrosal sinus 42.

Next, the dilator 335 and guidewire 52 inserted into the lumen of the guiding sheath 31 are removed from the guiding sheath 31, and as shown in Figure 12, the fixing part 35 is inserted into the lumen of the guiding sheath 31 and delivered along the guiding sheath 31 via the internal jugular vein 41 to the inferior petrosal sinus 42. At this time, the fixing part 35 is advanced further back than the intended puncture site of the needle 53 (see Figure 16).

Next, as shown in FIG. 13, the guiding sheath 31 is slightly retracted. That is, the guiding sheath 31 is moved slightly toward the proximal end as indicated by arrow A13 in FIG. 13. Then, as shown in FIG. 13, the fixing portion 35 expands by passing through the opening formed in the distal end 311 of the guiding sheath 31 and exiting the guiding sheath 31. At this time, it is preferable that the fixing portion 35 expand and be positioned inside the inferior petrosal sinus 42, deeper than the intended puncture site of the needle 53 (see FIG. 16).

In this state, as shown in FIG. 14, the guiding catheter 32 is inserted into the lumen of the guiding sheath 31 and advanced along the guiding sheath 31. At this time, because the outer diameter of the guiding catheter 32 is smaller than the inner diameter of the guiding sheath 31, the guiding catheter 32 advances through the lumen of the guiding sheath 31 in parallel with the wire 351 of the fixing part 35 inserted into the lumen of the guiding sheath 31. As a result, the guiding catheter 32 is inserted into the inferior petrosal sinus 42 via the internal jugular vein 41. In other words, the tip portion 321 of the guiding catheter 32 is delivered to the inferior petrosal sinus 42.

The tip 321 of the guiding catheter 32 is positioned so that it abuts the blood vessel wall on the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 side. The wire 351 of the fixing part 35 and the guiding catheter 32 are then grasped and fixed together at the base end by the connector 36. This fixes the relative positions of the guiding catheter 32 and the fixing part 35 in the longitudinal and circumferential directions. Note that a connector 36 having a valve body formed from an elastic member, for example, is preferred as a means for fixing the wire 351 of the fixing part 35 and the guiding catheter 32 at the base end.

Next, as shown in Figure 15, the discharge catheter 33 is inserted into the lumen of the guiding catheter 32 and advanced. Because the outer diameter of the discharge catheter 33 is smaller than the inner diameter of the guiding catheter 32, the discharge catheter 33 can advance through the lumen of the guiding catheter 32. As shown in Figure 15, a needle 53 is inserted into the lumen of the discharge catheter 33. In other words, with the needle 53 inserted into the lumen of the discharge catheter 33, the discharge catheter 33 is inserted into the lumen of the guiding catheter 32 and advanced.

Next, as shown in FIG. 16, the drainage catheter 33 and needle 53 are further advanced. This causes the tip 531 of the needle 53 to puncture and penetrate the dura 46 and arachnoid mater 47. The tip 331 of the drainage catheter 33 is also inserted from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43. In this way, the tip 331 of the drainage catheter 33 passes from the internal jugular vein 41 through the inferior petrosal sinus 42, and is inserted from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43.

Next, as shown in FIG. 17, the needle 53 is removed. Then, the cerebrospinal fluid inside the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 passes from the tip 331 of the discharge catheter 33 through the lumen of the discharge catheter 33 as indicated by arrow A11 in FIG. 18, and is discharged from the base end 333 of the discharge catheter 33 to the outside of the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43, i.e., outside 49 of the living body, as indicated by arrow A12 in FIG. 18. Furthermore, when the infusion lines 21, 21A inject liquid into the receiving cavity, the cerebrospinal fluid inside the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 passes from the tip end 331 of the discharge catheter 33 through the lumen of the discharge catheter 33 as indicated by arrow A11 in FIG. 18, and is discharged from the base end 333 of the discharge catheter 33 to the outside of the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43, i.e., outside 49 of the living body, as indicated by arrow A12 in FIG. 18.

As described above with reference to Figure 1, the cerebrospinal fluid inside the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 is not limited to being discharged to the outside 49 of the living body, but may also be discharged to an interior of the living body other than the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43.

Next, after draining cerebrospinal fluid and injecting fluid for a predetermined period of time, the drainage catheter 33 is removed, as shown in FIG. 19. Next, as shown in FIG. 20, the guiding catheter 32 and the fixing portion 35 are retracted while holding the guiding sheath 31. That is, as shown by arrows A14 and A15 in FIG. 20, while holding the guiding sheath 31, the guiding catheter 32 and the wire 351 of the fixing portion 35 are moved toward the proximal end. As a result, the fixing portion 35 is housed in the lumen of the guiding sheath 31 through the opening formed in the distal end 311 of the guiding sheath 31 and retracts again.

Next, as shown in Figure 21, the guiding catheter 32, the fixing portion 35, and the guiding sheath 31 are removed.

As explained above, with the liquid drainage system 2 according to the first embodiment, the drainage line 22 is inserted into the interior of the cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid via the internal jugular vein 41. Therefore, the liquid drainage system 2 can access the interior of the cavity using the drainage line 22 without trepanning or craniotomy, and can replace the cerebrospinal fluid with liquid by connecting the interior of the cavity with the outside 49 of the living body. This allows the liquid drainage system 2 to quickly obtain the effects of injecting liquid and draining cerebrospinal fluid while minimizing the burden on the patient.

Furthermore, with the liquid drainage system 2A according to the second embodiment, both the injection line 21A and the drainage line 22 are inserted into the interior of the cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid via the internal jugular vein 41. As a result, the liquid drainage system 2A can access the interior of the cavity without trepanning or craniotomy, and can replace the cerebrospinal fluid with liquid by connecting the interior of the cavity with the outside 49 of the living body. As a result, the liquid drainage system 2A can quickly obtain the effects of injecting and draining liquid while further reducing the burden on the patient.

In the fluid drainage system 2 according to the first embodiment, the drainage line 22 (specifically, the tip 331 of the drainage catheter 33) is inserted from the internal jugular vein 41 through the inferior petrosal sinus 42, and from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43. Therefore, the fluid drainage system 2 uses the drainage line 22 to access the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43, located on the periphery of the brain, without trepanning or craniotomy, and can connect the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 to the outside 49 of the body, replacing cerebrospinal fluid with liquid. This allows the fluid drainage system 2 to achieve the effects of fluid injection and drainage more quickly, while minimizing the burden on the patient.

Furthermore, with the liquid drainage system 2A according to the second embodiment, both the injection line 21A (specifically, the tip of the injection catheter 34) and the drainage line 22 (specifically, the tip 331 of the drainage catheter 33) are inserted from the internal jugular vein 41 through the inferior petrosal sinus 42, and from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43. Therefore, the liquid drainage system 2A can access the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43, located on the periphery of the brain, without trepanning or craniotomy, and can connect the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 to the outside 49 of the body, replacing cerebrospinal fluid with liquid. This allows the liquid drainage system 2A to achieve the effects of liquid injection and drainage more quickly while further minimizing the burden on the patient.

With the liquid discharge system 2 according to the first embodiment and the liquid discharge system 2A according to the second embodiment, cerebrospinal fluid present inside the storage cavity is discharged into a reservoir 28 provided inside a different part of the living body from the storage cavity or outside the living body 94. This prevents the volume of the storage cavity as a closed space from increasing, and prevents an increase in intracranial pressure.

Furthermore, with the liquid drainage system 2C according to the third embodiment, the drainage line 22 is inserted into the interior of the cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid via the internal jugular vein 41. Therefore, the liquid drainage system 2C can access the interior of the cavity via the drainage line 22 without trepanning or craniotomy, and can circulate the liquid via the liquid delivery section 23 by connecting the interior of the cavity with the outside 49 of the living body. As a result, the liquid drainage system 2C can quickly obtain the effects of injecting and draining the liquid while minimizing the burden on the patient.

Furthermore, with the liquid drainage system 2D according to the fourth embodiment, both the injection line 21A and the drainage line 22 are inserted into the interior of the cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid via the internal jugular vein 41. As a result, the liquid drainage system 2D can access the interior of the cavity without trepanning or craniotomy, and can circulate the liquid using the liquid delivery section 23 by connecting the interior of the cavity with the outside 49 of the living body. As a result, the liquid drainage system 2D can quickly obtain the effects of injecting and draining the liquid while further reducing the burden on the patient.

Furthermore, when treatment units such as an oxygenation mechanism 24, an oxygen supply source 25, and a heat exchanger 26 are provided, the liquid discharge systems 2C and 2D can inject the liquid into the housing cavity after performing a predetermined treatment on the liquid discharged outside the housing cavity using the treatment units.

In the liquid drainage system 2C according to the third embodiment, the drainage line 22 (specifically, the tip 331 of the drainage catheter 33) is inserted from the internal jugular vein 41 through the inferior petrosal sinus 42, and from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43. Therefore, the liquid drainage system 2C can access the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43, located on the periphery of the brain, using the drainage line 22 without trepanning or craniotomy, and can communicate the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 with the outside 49 of the body to circulate the liquid. This allows the liquid drainage system 2C to achieve the effects of liquid injection and drainage more quickly while minimizing the burden on the patient.

Furthermore, with the liquid drainage system 2D according to the fourth embodiment, both the injection line 21A (specifically, the tip of the injection catheter 34) and the drainage line 22 (specifically, the tip 331 of the drainage catheter 33) are inserted from the internal jugular vein 41 through the inferior petrosal sinus 42, and from the inferior petrosal sinus 42 into the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43. Therefore, the liquid drainage system 2D can access the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43, which is located on the periphery of the brain, without trepanning or craniotomy, and can circulate the liquid by connecting the cerebellopontine angle cistern 43 to the outside 49 of the living body. As a result, the liquid drainage system 2D can achieve the effects of liquid injection and drainage more quickly while further reducing the burden on the patient.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the spinal cord and vertebrae of a living organism.
FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view taken along the cutting plane A21-A21 shown in FIG.

When the injection line 21 of the liquid drainage system 2 according to the first embodiment described above with reference to Figure 1 accesses the spinal cavity near the lumbar vertebrae, the injection line 21 is inserted and positioned into the subarachnoid space (i.e., the spinal cavity 61) near the lumbar vertebrae with the patient in a lateral decubitus position. The tip of the injection line 21 is inserted and positioned by inserting a spinal needle into a position between the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4) and the fifth lumbar vertebra (L5), for example, to ensure safety during insertion. Alternatively, the tip of the injection line 21 is inserted and positioned by inserting a spinal needle into a position between the third lumbar vertebra (L3) and the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4), for example, to ensure safety during insertion.

For example, as shown by arrow A22 in Figure 23, the injection line 21 accesses the spinal cavity 61 by inserting the spinal needle perpendicular to the back, i.e., along the median plane 62 of the body. The access method shown by arrow A22 in Figure 23 is called a midline puncture, etc. Alternatively, as shown by arrow A23 in Figure 23, the injection line 21 accesses the spinal cavity 61 by inserting the spinal needle from about 5 mm to the side of the body's median plane 62 at an angle of about 10 degrees to the median plane 62. The access method shown by arrow A23 in Figure 23 is called a paramedian puncture, etc.

The access locations and methods for the spinal cavity near the lumbar vertebrae described in Figures 22 and 23 are examples. The access locations and methods for the spinal cavity near the lumbar vertebrae are not limited to these.

According to the access position and access method of this specific example, the infusion line 21 is inserted into the cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid via the spinal canal 61 near the lumbar vertebrae, rather than the internal jugular vein 41. This prevents the formation of a flow (i.e., a local steady flow) of liquid injected from the infusion line 21 into the cavity toward the drainage line 22. This allows the infusion line 21 to efficiently inject liquid, while the drainage line 22 can efficiently drain cerebrospinal fluid.

Next, specific examples of the location and method by which the injection line 21 of the liquid discharge system 2 according to the first embodiment described above with reference to Figure 1 accesses the ventricles and cisterns will be described with reference to the drawings.

24 and 25 are schematic diagrams showing a first specific example of an access position and an access method for the ventricle.
When the infusion line 21 of the liquid drainage system 2 according to the first embodiment described above with reference to Figure 1 accesses a cerebral ventricle, as indicated by arrow A24 in Figures 24 and 25, the infusion line 21 is inserted with a spinal needle from a position L11, which is a dimension L1 (approximately 3 cm) laterally from the median plane 62, a dimension L2 (approximately 1 cm) anteriorly from the coronal suture 64, and a dimension L3 (approximately 11 cm) superiorly from the nasion 65, toward the vicinity of the foramen of Monro 68, which connects the lateral ventricle and the third chamber. This specific example of the access method is called an anterior horn puncture.

26 and 27 are schematic diagrams showing a second example of an access position and an access method for the ventricle.
When the infusion line 21 of the liquid drainage system 2 according to the first embodiment described above with reference to Fig. 1 accesses a cerebral ventricle, the infusion line 21 is inserted with a spinal needle from a position L12, which is a dimension L4 (approximately 6 cm) upward from the occipital protuberance 66, a dimension L5 (approximately 7 cm) upward and a dimension L6 (approximately 7 cm) posteriorly from the external auditory canal 67, and a dimension L7 (approximately 3 cm) laterally from the sagittal suture 63, toward the vicinity of the foramen of Monro 68 (see Figs. 24 and 25), as indicated by arrow A25 in Figs. 26 and 27. This specific example of the access method is called a posterior horn puncture.

The access positions and access methods to the ventricles described in Figures 24 to 27 are merely examples, and the access positions and access methods to the ventricles are not limited to these.
The position and method of accessing the cistern are not particularly limited as long as they are positions and methods that allow clinical access to the cistern.

According to the access positions and access methods of the first specific example described in Figures 24 and 25 and the second specific example described in Figures 26 and 27, the infusion line 21 is inserted into the cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid via the ventricle or cistern, rather than the internal jugular vein 41. This makes it possible to suppress the formation of local steady flow. This allows the infusion line 21 to efficiently inject liquid, and the discharge line 22 to efficiently discharge cerebrospinal fluid.

The above describes an embodiment of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the claims. The configurations of the above embodiment can be partially omitted or arbitrarily combined in a different manner than described above.

2: Fluid drainage system, 2A: Fluid drainage system, 2B: Fluid drainage system, 2C: Fluid drainage system, 2D: Fluid drainage system, 3: Device, 3A: Device, 21: Infusion line, 21A: Infusion line, 22: Drain line, 22B: Drain shunt, 23: Fluid delivery section, 24: Oxygenation mechanism, 25: Oxygen supply source, 26: Heat exchanger, 27: Reservoir tank, 28: Storage section, 31: Guiding sheath, 32: Guiding catheter, 33: Drainage catheter, 34: Infusion catheter, 35: Fixation section, 36: Connector, 41: Internal jugular vein, 42: Inferior petrosal sinus, 43: Cerebellopontine angle cistern, 44: Jugular bulb, 45: Brainstem, 46: Dura mater, 47: Arachnoid mater, 48: Skin, 49: External 51: needle, 52: guide wire, 53: needle, 61: spinal cavity, 62: median plane, 63: sagittal suture, 64: coronal suture, 65: nasion point, 66: occipital prominence, 67: external auditory foramen, 68: foramen of Monro, 94: external, 271: first canal, 272: second canal, 273: third canal, 311: tip, 321: tip, 331: tip, 333: base end, 335: dilator, 351: wire, 411: joint, 531: tip

Claims (11)

A liquid drainage system that replaces cerebrospinal fluid with a liquid by injecting a liquid into a cavity containing cerebrospinal fluid and discharging the cerebrospinal fluid to the outside of the cavity,
an injection line for injecting the liquid into the interior of the receiving cavity;
a drain line for draining the cerebrospinal fluid from the inside of the cavity to the outside of the cavity;
Equipped with
A fluid drainage system, characterized in that at least one of the infusion line and the drainage line is inserted into the interior of the storage cavity via the internal jugular vein. The liquid drainage system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the infusion line and the drainage line is inserted from the internal jugular vein through the inferior petrosal sinus and from the inferior petrosal sinus into the cerebellopontine angle cistern. The liquid drainage system described in claim 2, further comprising a fixing portion for fixing the infusion line and the drainage line inserted from the inferior petrosal sinus to the cerebellopontine angle cistern. The liquid discharge system of claim 1, characterized in that at least the other of the inlet line and the outlet line is inserted into the interior of the storage cavity via either the head or the back. The liquid discharge system described in claim 4, characterized in that the head is at least one of a cerebral cisterna and a cerebral ventricle. The liquid drainage system described in claim 4, characterized in that the back is the spinal cavity near the lumbar vertebrae. The liquid drainage system described in claim 1, characterized in that the drainage line drains the cerebrospinal fluid into an interior of the living body other than the containment cavity, or into a reservoir provided outside the living body. The liquid discharge system described in claim 7, characterized in that the interior of the living body is at least one of the abdominal cavity, a vein, and the interior of the atrium. The liquid discharge system of claim 1, wherein the liquid is at least one of lactated Ringer's solution, artificial cerebrospinal fluid, physiological saline, medicinal liquid, and distilled water for injection. The liquid discharge system according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid delivery unit provided in at least one of the inlet line and the outlet line, for delivering the liquid. 2. The liquid discharge system according to claim 1, further comprising a treatment unit that performs a predetermined treatment on the liquid discharged to the outside of the storage cavity and injects the treated liquid into the inside of the storage cavity through the injection line.