WO2025181299A1

WO2025181299A1 - Myopia control device for first time correction

Info

Publication number: WO2025181299A1
Application number: PCT/EP2025/055446
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ee Woon LIM; Yee ling WONG; Bjorn Drobe
Original assignee: Essilor International Compagnie Generale dOptique SA
Current assignee: EssilorLuxottica SA
Priority date: 2024-02-28
Filing date: 2025-02-28
Publication date: 2025-09-04
Anticipated expiration: 2026-08-28
Also published as: CN120858309A

Abstract

A myopia control device comprising a first optical function correcting an abnormal refraction of an eye of a wearer and a second optical function slowing down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye of a wearer, characterized in that the myopia control device is used as a first prescription device to slow down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye

Description

MYOPIA CONTROL DEVICE FOR FIRST TIME CORRECTION

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The disclosure relates to myopia control device, and more particularly to myopia control device used as a first prescription device. The disclosure further relates to a method for slowing down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye.

BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, there has been a rise in the development of solutions aimed at controlling the progression of abnormal refraction in the eye, such as myopia. One of the most promising solutions proposes to create a defocus in front of the retina that generates a myopia stop signal controlling the elongation of the eye and slowing down the progression of myopia. These new myopia control devices typically consist of lenses comprising microlenses that refract part of the light in front and/or behind of the retina of the eye of the wearer.

[0003] However, single-vision spectacle lenses are still often prescribed by eye-care practitioners as the first-time prescription equipment when an abnormal refraction is first detected in children, even when myopia control solutions are available.

[0004] Sun and associates (Sun, Yun-Yun, et al. "Effect of uncorrection versus full correction on myopia progression in 12-year-old children." Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 255 (2017): 189-195.) have investigated the effects on myopia progression of uncorrection versus full correction in children over a 2-year period. Their results showed that children with uncorrection had slower myopia progression and less axial elongation than full correction.

[0005] Recent testing done by the inventors have also shown that there is an influence of firsttime prescription on myopia development and axial elongation in myopic children wearing single vision lenses. Over a 6-month period, significantly greater myopia development and greater axial elongation was observed in children wearing single vision lenses as first-time prescription compared to children already wearing single vision lenses after multivariable adjustments. This results were sustained over a longer period of time for up to 2 years.

[0006] Thus, it appears that the prescription of single vision lenses as first-time prescription device has a negative impact on myopia control.

[0007] On the contrary, the Inventors observed no significant influence on myopia development and axial elongation of first-time prescription in myopic children wearing myopia control devices, for both short-term (6 months) and long-term (2 years).

[0008] Therefore, there is a need to optimize the control of the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer.

SUMMARY

[0009] To this end, the disclosure proposes a myopia control device comprising a first optical function of correcting an abnormal refraction of an eye of a wearer and a second optical function slowing down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye of a wearer, characterized in that the myopia control device is used as a first prescription device to slow down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye.

[0010] Advantageously, using a myopia control device as a first prescription device allows improving the effect of slowing down the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer.

[0011] According to further embodiments which can be considered alone or in combination:

[0012] - the myopia control device is used as a first prescription device to slow down the development of an abnormal refraction of the eye; and/or

[0013] - the myopia control device comprises a holder carrying the first optical function and a plurality of optical elements carrying the second optical function; and/or

[0014] - the optical elements are superimposed on the holder; and/or

[0015] - the plurality of optical elements are lenslets; and/or [0016] - the optical elements are organized along a plurality of concentric rings; and/or

[0017] - the myopia control device comprises a central area having a diameter greater than or equal to 4 mm and smaller than or equal to 22 mm and including a framing reference point that faces the pupil of the wearer gazing straight ahead in standard wearing conditions, said central area being free of optical elements; and/or

[0018] - the plurality of optical elements cover the entire surface of the lens element; and/or

[0019] - at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all, of the optical elements are non-contiguous; and/or

[0020] — at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all, of the optical elements are contiguous; and/or

[0021] - the second optical function slowing down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer is a refractive optical function; and/or

[0022] - the second refractive optical function is a spherical optical function focusing light in front and/or behind the retina of the eye of the wearer when the myopia control device is worn in standard wearing conditions; and/or

[0023] - the second refractive optical function is a non-spherical optical function not having a single focus point; and/or

[0024] - the second optical function slowing down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer is a diffractive optical function; and/or

[0025] - the myopia control device is an optical lens, an ophthalmic lens, a spectacle lens, a contact lens, an intraocular lens, or a film, patch or clip-on adapted to be positioned on an ophthalmic lens; and/or

[0026] - the plurality of optical elements are encapsulated between at least two substrates forming the holder of the lens element. [0027] The disclosure further relates to a method for slowing down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye of a wearer, the method comprising: providing a myopia control device according to the disclosure as a first prescription device.

[0028] Advantageously, using a myopia control device as a first prescription device allows improving the effect of slowing down the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, and with reference to the following drawings in which:

Figure 1 illustrates a schematic front view of a myopia control device according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

Figures 2A to 2B illustrate schematic profile view of a myopia control device according to embodiments of the disclosure; and

Figure 3 illustrates a schematic front view of a myopia control device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

[0030] Elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figure may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help to improve the understanding of the embodiments of the present invention.

DETAILLED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In the reminder of the description, terms like « up », « bottom », « horizontal », « vertical », « above », « below », « front », « rear » or other words indicating relative position may be used. These terms are to be understood in the wearing conditions of the optical lens.

[0032] The disclosure relates to myopia control device intended to be worn in front of an eye of a wearer in specific wearing conditions, for example in standard viewing conditions. [0033] In the context of the present disclosure, the term "myopia control device" can refer to a contact lens or an optical lens or a spectacle optical lens edged to fit a specific spectacle frame or an ophthalmic lens or a progressive multifocal addition lens, an AR, VR, MR, or XR smart eyewear member that overlays or combines electronic display information with the myopia control device, or an optical device adapted to be positioned on an ophthalmic lens. The optical device may be positioned on the front or back surface of the ophthalmic lens. The optical device may be an optical patch or film. The optical device may be adapted to be removably positioned on the ophthalmic lens for example a clip configured to be clipped on a spectacle frame comprising the ophthalmic lens.

[0034] The wearing conditions are to be understood as the position of the optical lens with relation to the eye of a wearer, for example defined by a pantoscopic angle, a wrap angle, a Cornea to lens distance, and eventually any of a Pupil-cornea distance, a center of rotation of the eye (CRE) to pupil distance, a CRE to lens distance and.

[0035] The Cornea to lens distance is the distance along the visual axis of the eye in the primary position (usually taken to be the horizontal) between the cornea and the back surface of the lens; for example comprised between 8 and 16 mm, preferably 10 and 14 mm, more preferably equal to 12mm.

[0036] The Pupil-cornea distance is the distance along the visual axis of the eye between its pupil and cornea; usually comprised between 1 and 4 mm, for example equal to 2mm.

[0037] The CRE to pupil distance is the distance along the visual axis of the eye between its center of rotation (CRE) and cornea; for example comprised between 10 and 15 mm, preferably 11 and 12 mm, more preferably equal to 11.5mm.

[0038] The CRE to lens Q’O distance is the distance along the visual axis of the eye in the primary position (usually taken to be the horizontal) between the CRE of the eye and the back surface of the lens, for example comprised between 20 and 30 mm, preferably 22.5 and 28 mm, more preferably equal to 25.5mm. [0039] The pantoscopic angle is the angle in the vertical plane, at the intersection between the back surface of the lens and the visual axis of the eye in the primary position (usually taken to be the horizontal), between the normal to the back surface of the lens and the visual axis of the eye in the primary position; for example comprised between -25° and +5°, preferably -12° and 0°, more preferably between -10° and -6°, for example equal to -8°, preferably equal to 0°.

[0040] The wrap angle is the angle in the horizontal plane, at the intersection between the back surface of the lens and the visual axis of the eye in the primary position (usually taken to be the horizontal), between the normal to the back surface of the lens and the visual axis of the eye in the primary position for example comprised between -10° and +25°, preferably 0° and 10°, more preferably between 0° and +5°, for example equal to 0°.

[0041] An example of standard wearing condition may be defined by a pantoscopic angle of - 8°, a Cornea to lens distance of 12 mm, a Pupil-cornea distance of 2 mm, a CRE to pupil distance of 11.5 mm, a CRE to lens distance of 25.5 mm and a wrap angle of 0°.

[0042] Another example of standard wearing condition more adapted for younger wearers may be defined by a pantoscopic angle of 0°, a Cornea to lens distance of 12 mm, a Pupil-cornea distance of 2 mm, a CRE to pupil distance of 11.5 mm, a CRE to lens distance of 25.5 mm and a wrap angle of 0°.

[0043] The myopia control device comprises a first optical function correcting an abnormal refraction of an eye of the wearer.

[0044] For example, the first optical function is configured to focalize incident light on the retina of the wearer, for example on the fovea of the eye of the wearer. In other words, when the wearer wearing the myopia control device in standard wearing conditions looks straight ahead at an object located at infinity distance, at least part of incident light emitted by said object passing through the myopia control device, will be focused on the retina, for example on the fovea, of the eye of said wearer.

[0045] The abnormal refraction of an eye of the wearer may be any of myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, or presbyopia. [0046] The first optical function may be based on a prescription adapted for the wearer. The term “prescription” is to be understood to mean a set of optical characteristics of optical power, of astigmatism, of prismatic deviation, determined by an ophthalmologist or optometrist in order to correct the vision defects of the eye, for example by means of a lens positioned in front of his eye. For example, the prescription for a myopic eye comprises the values of optical power and of astigmatism with an axis for the distance vision. The prescription may comprise an indication that the eye of the wearer has no defect and that no refractive power is to be provided to the wearer.

[0047] Advantageously, the first optical function allows providing good visual acuity and good visual comfort to the wearer by correcting the defect of its eye.

[0048] The myopia control device further comprises a second optical function slowing down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye of the wearer.

[0049] For example, the second optical function may be configured to not focus an image of an object on the retina of the eye of the wearer. Not focusing an image on the retina of the eye of the wearer should be understood as not creating a sharp image. In other words, the second optical function of not focusing on the retina may provide a perturbated image, for example an image of reduced quality. When the wearer wears the myopia control device, for example in standard wearing conditions, at least part of the incident rays of light passing through it elements will not focus on the retina of the eye of the wearer. For example, the second optical function of the myopia control device may direct incident rays of light passing through it towards a focus point located in front and/or behind the retina of the eye, or create a volume of defocused light other than on the retina of the eye.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the second optical function of the myopia control device may be configured to create a volume of focused or defocused light at a constant distance from the retina of the eye of the wearer. For example, the myopia control device may be configured to create a caustic in front of the retina of the eye of the wearer, so that every section plane where the light flux is concentrated if any, is located in front of the retina of the eye of the person and at a constant distance from the retina. [0051] Advantageously, the second optical function allows suppressing, reducing, or at least slowing down the development and the progression of an abnormal refraction of an eye of the person wearing the myopia control device.

[0052] Having simultaneously a first optical function correcting an abnormal refraction of an eye of the wearer and a second optical function slowing down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye of the wearer allows limiting the development of an abnormal refraction, while also correcting it, thereby providing good visual acuity and visual comfort to the wearer.

[0053] The first and second optical functions of the myopia control device are to be considered for a wearer wearing the myopia control device, for example in standard wearing conditions, and looking straight ahead at a target object, preferably located at infinity, in central vision. The eye of the wearer is preferably considered to be in an unaccommodated state when looking at an object located at infinity. However, a person of ordinary skill in the art would be able to use known accommodative response models to vary the accommodative state of the eye of the wearer according to the distance between the eye of the wearer and the object he or she is looking at.

[0054] Preferably, the myopia control device is used as a first prescription device to slow down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye. In the sense of the disclosure, the term “development” encompasses both the emergence of the abnormal refraction of an eye and its progression over the time.

[0055] By “first prescription device”, it should be understood that the wearer has not worn another prescription device, such as for example single vision lenses, during more than eight hours, preferably four hours, more preferably one hour a day, for a period of a month, preferably two weeks, more preferably a week.

[0056] Indeed, the Inventors have observed that choroidal thinning, which is especially prominent in children where single vision lenses are used as a first time prescription device, is reduced for children using a myopia control device as a first prescription device. In other words, using a myopia control device as a first prescription device allows maintaining choroidal thickness which reduce eyeball elongation, and thus slow down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye. [0057] In particular, the inventors have demonstrated that over a six month period, the mean (±standard error) adjusted choroidal thickness change in children using single vision lenses as firsttime prescription device (-16.85±3.94 pm) was significantly greater from children using single vision lens as a non-first-time prescription device (-2.31±3.38 pm; P=0.007). On the contrary, the inventors showed that the mean (±standard error) adjusted choroidal thickness change in children using a first myopia control device as a first-time prescription device (-0.89±4.25 pm) was not significantly different from children using this first myopia control device as a non-first-time prescription device (8.21±2.97 pm, p=0.07). Similar findings were observed with a different second myopia control device for which, the mean adjusted choroidal thickness change in children using it as a first-time prescription device (-1.94±3.94 pm) was not significantly different from children using this second myopia control device as a non-first-time prescription device (- 4.89±3.23 pm, p=0.56).

[0058] As illustrated in figures 1 and 2, the myopia control device 10 intended to be worn in front of an eye of a wearer may comprise a holder 12.

[0059] Preferably, the holder carries the first optical function of the myopia control device correcting an abnormal refraction of an eye of a wearer. In other words, when the wearer wears the myopia control device, for example in standard wearing conditions, and looks straight ahead at an object located at infinite distance, incident light emitted by this object passing throughout the holder will focus on the retina of the wearer.

[0060] As illustrated in figure 2a, the holder 12 may comprise an object side surface Fl formed as a convex curved surface toward an object side. The holder may comprise an eye side surface F2 formed as a concave surface towards the eye of the wearer and opposed to the object side surface Fl. Alternatively, the object side surface Fl and/or the eye side surface F2 may be any one of a piano surface, a convex surface, or a concave surface.

[0061] The holder 12 may be formed by a plurality of lens members put in close contact together. In the example illustrated in figure 2b, the holder comprises a first lens member 12a comprising an object side surface Fl formed as a convex curved surface toward an object side and a complementary surface opposed to the object side surface. The holder further comprises a second lens member 12b comprising an eye side surface F2 formed as a concave surface towards the eye of the wearer and a complementary surface opposed to the eye side surface. Both complementary surfaces of the first and second lens members 12a and 12b are designed to fit precisely into the other to ensure a tight and secure fit when the two lens member are brought together.

[0062] At least part, for example all, of the object side surface Fl and/or the eye side surface F2 of the holder may be covered by at least one layer of coating element. The at least one layer of coating element may comprise features selected from the group consisting of anti-scratch, antireflection, anti-smudge, anti-dust, UV30 filtration, blue light-filtration, anti-abrasion features. The layer of coating element may be provided using any known techniques. For example, the layer of coating may be provided using a dipping process where the myopia control device simultaneously receives a layer of coating on each surface.

[0063] The holder may be made of any suitable material such as mineral material like glass, or organic material like plastic, resin. The index of refraction of the material used for the holder may be suitably selected to obtain targeted optical properties for the myopia control device. Preferably, the index of refraction n of the holder is comprised between 1, 3 and 1.7 when measured for a wavelength of 550 nm. For example, the index of refraction n may be smaller than or equal to, or between any two of, 1.9; 1.8; 1.75; 1.73; 1.71; 1.69; 1.67; 1.65; 1.63; 1.61; 1.59; 1.57; 1.55; 1.54; 1.53; 1.52; 1.51; 1.50; 1.49; 1.48; 1.47; 1.46; 1.45; or lower, and/or greater than or equal to, or between any two of 1.1 ; 1.2; 1.25; 1.3; 1.31; 1.33; 1.35; 1.37; 1.39; 1.41; 1.43; 1.45; or higher. When the holder comprise a plurality of lens members, the indices of refraction of the material of the lens members may be different. Alternatively, the indices of refraction of the material of the lens members may be identical.

[0064] The object side surface Fl and/or the eye side surface F2 of the holder may have any suitable shape, such as spherical or non-spherical. The term "spherical shape" refers to the curvature of the lens surface, which closely follows the shape of a perfect or almost perfect sphere. A spherical surface has a substantially uniform curvature over the entire surface of the myopia control device, which remains substantially the same in all meridians. A non-spherical surface should be understood as not being uniform over the entire surface of the myopia control device, with different curvatures in different meridians. [0065] The object side surface Fl and/or the eye side surface F2 of the holder may have a toric shape. A toric surface has two principal meridians that are perpendicular to each other, often referred to as the "steep" and "flat" meridians. The curvature of the surface in these meridians is different.

[0066] The object side surface Fl and/or the eye side surface F2 of the holder may have an aspherical shape. An aspherical surface has a curvature that progressively vary over the surface of the myopia control device. The curvature along different meridians varies from the geometrical center of the myopia control device towards the periphery, for example, the curvature of the surface increases or decreases towards the peripheral part of the surface. The shape of an aspherical surface is typically described using a mathematical equation, such as a conic section or a polynomial equation.

[0067] The object side surface Fl and/or the eye side surface F2 of the holder may have progressive addition lens profile. In the sense of the disclosure, a “progressive addition lens profile surface” should be understood as a surface comprising two areas having different spherical surface, and a third area joining the two first areas, along which the curvature value of the surface transitions from the first to the second curvature values of the corresponding two areas.

[0068] Alternatively, the object side surface Fl and/or the eye side surface F2 of the holder may have a piano shape. A piano surface has no curvature over the entire surface of the lens element.

[0069] As illustrated in figures 1 and 3, the myopia control device 10 intended to be worn in front of an eye of a wearer may comprise a comprises a plurality of optical elements 14.

[0070] Preferably, the optical elements carry the second optical function of the myopia control device slowing down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye of a wearer. In other words, . when the wearer wears the myopia control device, for example in standard wearing conditions, and looks straight ahead at an object located at infinite distance, incident light emitted by this object passing throughout the optical elements will create a defocus signal in front and/or behind the retina of the wearer. [0071] As illustrated in figures 2a and 2b, the plurality of optical elements 14 may be superimposed on the holder 12. In the sense of the disclosure, the expression “superimposed” should be understood as located on the object side surface Fl (front surface) of the lens element and/or on the eye side surface F2 (back surface) of the lens element and/or in between the object side and eye side surfaces Fl and F2 (front and back surfaces) of the myopia control device.

[0072] When the holder is formed by a plurality of lens member, the plurality of optical elements may be encapsulated within the myopia control device. In the sense of the invention, “being encapsulated” should be understood as being surrounded, encased, protected in, or isolated from the outside of the lens element, as if in a capsule. In the embodiment illustrated in figure 2b, the optical elements are disposed on the complementary surface opposed to the eye side surface F2 of the lens member 12b. However, it should be understood that the plurality of optical elements may be disposed on any of the complementary surfaces opposed to the object side and/or the eye side surfaces Fl and F2 of the lens members 12a and 12b.

[0073] Advantageously, having the optical elements encapsulated within the myopia control device allows protecting them. In addition, having the optical elements encapsulated allows facilitating lens surface treatments, for example the addition of coating layers such as abrasion resistance coating, UV filtration coating among others, without impacting the optical functions of the optical elements.

[0074] The plurality of optical elements may be formed on the myopia control device using any of the well-known manufacturing techniques of the prior art. For example, the plurality of optical elements may be engraved, imprinted, etched, or embossed directly on a surface of the myopia control device.

[0075] The plurality of optical elements may be made of the same material as the one of the holder on which they are superimposed. Alternatively, the optical elements and the holder may be made of different materials. For example, when the plurality of optical element are encapsulated between two lens member, the optical elements may be made of a same first material as the lens member on which they are disposed, and be different from the second material of the second lens member encapsulating said optical elements. [0076] The optical elements may be transparent. In the sense of the disclosure, the expression “transparent” should be understood as not blocking the path of light as an opaque filter. The optical elements may have a concave shape, a convex shape, or a more complex shape, such as Fresnel rings or a grating structure.

[0077] Each of the optical elements may have a maximum height, e.g., measured in a direction orthogonal to the surface on which they are disposed, that is smaller than or equal to 1.0 millimeters (mm), such as, for example, less than or equal to or between any two of 0.9 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.1 mm, and greater than or equal to 1 micrometers (pm), such as, for example, more than or equal to or between any two of 5 pm, 10 pm, 20 pm, 30 pm, 40 pm, 50 pm, 60 pm, 70 pm, 80 pm, 90 pm, 100 pm. Typically, the average height of the optical element is comprised between 1 and 200 pm, preferably between 1 and 100 pm, more preferably between 1 and 50 pm.

[0078] Each of the optical element can have a diameter or a pitch that is less than or equal to 2.0 mm, such as, for example, less than or equal to or between any two of 5.0 mm, 2.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.1 mm, 80 pm, 60 pm, 40 pm, 20 pm, or smaller. For example, the diameter of the optical element is comprised between 0.1 mm and 5.0 mm, preferably between 0.25 mm and 4 mm, more preferably between 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm.

[0079] The optical elements may be lenslets. Lenslets have a contour shape circumscribed by a circle having a diameter smaller than or equal to 3.0 mm, for example smaller than or equal to 2.5mm, preferably smaller than or equal to 2.0mm, more preferably smaller than or equal to 1.5 mm, for example smaller than or equal to 1.0 mm. The lenslets may further be characterized by their largest inscribed circle that has a diameter greater than or equal to 0.1 mm, preferably greater than or equal to 0.2mm, more preferably greater than or equal to 0.4mm, even more preferably greater than or equal to 0.5mm, for example greater than or equal to 0.6 mm.

[0080] As represented in figure 1, at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all, of the optical elements 14 may be non-contiguous.

[0081] As represented in figure 3, at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all, of the optical elements 14 may be contiguous. [0082] In the sense of the disclosure, two optical elements located on a surface of the myopia control device are contiguous if there is a path supported by said surface that links the two optical elements and if along said path one does not reach the basis surface of the myopia control device on which the lenslets are superimposed.

[0083] When the surface on which the at least two optical elements are superimposed is spherical, the basis surface corresponds to said spherical surface. In other words, two optical elements superimposed on a spherical surface are contiguous if there is a path supported by said spherical surface and linking them and if along said path one may not reach the spherical surface.

[0084] When the surface on which the at least two optical elements are superimposed is non- spherical, the basis surface corresponds to the local spherical surface that best fits said non- spherical surface. In other words, two optical elements superimposed on a non-spherical surface are contiguous if there is a path supported by said non-spherical surface and linking them and if along said path one may not reach the spherical surface that best fit the non-spherical surface.

[0085] At least part, for example all, of the optical elements may be independent. In the sense of the disclosure, two optical elements are considered independent if producing independent images. In particular, when illuminated by a parallel beam "in central vision", each "independent contiguous optical element" forms on a plane in the image space a spot associated with it. In other words, when one of the optical elements is hidden, the spot disappears even if this optical element is contiguous with another optical element.

[0086] The density of optical elements on the myopia control device may be comprised between 20% and 100%. For example, for every circular zone having a radius comprised between 2 and 4 mm comprising a geometrical center located at a distance of the optical center of the lens element greater than, or equal to, said radius + 5mm, the ratio between the sum of areas of the parts of optical microstructures located inside said circular zone and the area of said circular zone is comprised between 20% and 100%, preferably between 20% and 80%, more preferably between 30% and 70%, for example between 40% and 60%. [0087] As illustrated in figure 3, the optical elements 14 may be organized over the entire surface of the myopia control device 10. In other words, the ratio between the sum of the projected areas of the optical elements and the area of the myopia control device is substantially equal to 1.

[0088] As illustrated in figure 1, the myopia control device 10 may comprise a central area 16 having a diameter greater than or equal to 2.0 mm, preferably 3.0 mm, more preferably 4.0 mm and smaller than or equal to 40 mm, preferably 30mm, more preferably 22 mm, free of optical elements 14. The centra area including a framing reference point that faces the pupil of the wearer gazing straight ahead in standard wearing conditions.

[0089] The optical elements may be positioned on a structured mesh, for example a squared mesh or a hexagonal mesh or a triangle mesh or an octagonal mesh.

[0090] As illustrated in figure 1, the optical elements 14 may be organized in a plurality of concentric rings centered on an optical center and/or a geometric center of the myopia control device 10 on which the optical elements are superimposed. The radial distance between successive concentric rings of optical elements may be identical. Alternatively, the radial distance between successive concentric rings of optical microstructures, may vary. Preferably, the distance between two successive concentric rings of optical microstructures is greater than or equal to 1.00 mm, preferably 2.0 mm, more preferably 4.0 mm. Optical microstructures may be arranged along radial lines, such as the spokes of a wagon wheel, or arranged in triangular, cubic, hexagonal, or other geometric mixed tiling cluster formations.

[0091] The second optical function slowing down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer may be a refractive optical function. In other words, the myopia control device is designed to manipulate and bend at least part of the incident light rays passing throughout it towards a difference direction. For example, at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all of the optical elements are refractive optical elements.

[0092] The refractive optical function may be a spherical optical function, modifying the direction of incident light beams directions to focus into a single focused point, preferably located in front and/or behind the retina of the wearer. For example at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all of the optical elements are spherical optical elements. [0093] Alternatively, the refractive optical function may be a non-spherical optical function modifying the direction of incident light beams towards different focus points, thereby creating a blur or volume of non-focused light preferably in front and/or behind the retina of the wearer. In the sense of the disclosure, the term “non-spherical” should be understood as not having a single focus point. For example, at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all of the optical elements are non-spherical optical elements. Non-spherical optical elements do not have the same curvature and refractive power over their surface, and should be opposed to spherical optical elements which have a constant refractive power over their surface.

[0094] The refractive optical function may be a toric optical function. A toric optical function is typically characterized by a cylinder value and an orientation axis specifying the orientation of this cylindrical power. For example at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all of the optical elements are toric optical elements.

[0095] The refractive optical function may be an atoric optical function. An atoric optical function is characterized by a variation of optical power in different meridians. For example at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all of the optical elements are atoric optical elements.

[0096] The refractive optical function may be a multifocal optical function. In the sense of the disclosure, “multifocal optical function” includes bifocals (with two focal powers), trifocals (with three focal powers), progressive addition lenses (with continuously varying focal power), for example aspherical surface lenses. For example at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all of the optical elements are multifocal optical elements.

[0097] The refractive optical function may be an aspherical optical function. In the sense of the disclosure, an aspherical optical function is characterized by a continuous power evolution over the surface. For example, the refractive power may increase, or decrease, from a geometrical or optical center to the periphery of the optical microstructure.

[0098] For example at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all of the optical elements are aspherical optical elements. An aspherical optical element may be characterized by a difference between the average mean optical power measured in the center of the optical element and the average mean optical power measured in the periphery of the optical element comprised between 0. ID and 10D, preferably between 0.1D and 3D, in absolute value. The center of the optical element may be defined by a circular area centered on the geometrical center of the optical element and having a diameter comprised between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm, preferably equal to 0.2 mm. The periphery of the optical element may be defined by an annular zone centered on the geometrical center of the optical element and having an inner diameter comprised between 0.5 mm and 0.7 mm and an outer diameter comprised between 0.70 mm and 0.80 mm. According to an embodiment of the invention, the aspherical optical elements have an optical power in their geometrical center comprised between 2.0D and 7.0D in absolute value, and an optical power in their periphery comprised between 1.5D and 6.0D in absolute value. The values of the optical power measured for the optical elements are to be considered in term of relative addition to the optical power of the holder on which said optical elements are superimposed.

[0099] The second optical function slowing down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer, for example the refractive optical function, may vary over the myopia control device.

[00100] For example, the optical elements may be designed so that the average mean optical power of each optical element varies according to their relative position on myopia control lens.

[00101] According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the optical elements are organized so that along at least one section of the myopia control device, the average mean optical power of the optical elements along said section varies towards the periphery of the myopia control device. For example, the average mean optical power of the optical elements along the section may increase towards the periphery of the myopia control device. Alternatively, the average mean optical power of the optical elements along the section may decrease towards the periphery of the myopia control device.

[00102] Advantageously, having the average mean optical power of the optical elements varying according to the radial distance allows varying the defocus and by extension the intensity of the myopia control signal which lead to a better control of the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye. [00103] According to another embodiment of the disclosure, the optical elements are organized so that along at least one section of myopia control device, the average mean optical power of the optical element increases from a first point of said section to a second point, and further decreases from the second point towards the periphery of the myopia control device, the second point being closer to the periphery of the myopia control device than the first point.

[00104] According to another embodiment of the disclosure, the average mean optical power of the optical elements may vary according to their radial distance, or eccentricity, from a geometrical center and/or an optical center of the holder on which they are superimposed or the myopia control device. In other words, the average mean optical power of an optical element located close to a geometrical or optical center of the holder may be higher than the average mean optical power of an optical element located close to the periphery of the holder.

[00105] For example, the optical elements may be designed so that the average mean optical power of the optical elements increases with the radial distance from a center of the holder up to a threshold distance, and further decrease with the radial distance past the threshold distance. For example, along a threshold distance smaller than or equal to 1.0 cm, preferably 2.0 cm, for example 3.0 cm, the average mean optical power the optical elements increases with the radial distance, and for a threshold distance greater than 1.0 cm, preferably 2.0 cm, for example 3.0 cm, the average mean optical power of the optical elements decreases with the radial distance.

[00106] The optical elements may be organized so that along all the sections passing through a geometrical center and/or an optical center of the myopia control device, the average mean optical power of the optical elements increases towards the periphery of the myopia control device. Alternatively, the optical elements may be organized so that along all the sections passing through a geometrical center and/or an optical center of the myopia control device, the average mean optical power of the optical elements increases from a first point of the section to a second point of this section and further decrease from said second point towards the periphery of the myopia control device, the second point being closer to the periphery of the myopia control device than first point. [00107] The second optical function slowing down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer may be a diffractive optical function. The myopia control device may be designed to control the phase and amplitude of the diffracted light, thereby modifying the shape of the incident light beam into a single focused point. Alternatively, the diffractive optical function can be used to split a single incident beam of light into multiple beams, redirecting them along different paths, thereby creating a blur or volume of non-focused light. For example, at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all of the optical elements are diffractive optical elements.

[00108] The diffractive optical elements may be n-Fresnel optical elements. In the sense of the disclosure, n-Fresnel optical elements are Fresnel lenslets whose phase function \|/(r) has it phase jumps at the nominal wavelength X0, as opposed to unifocal Fresnel lenses whose phase jumps are multiple values of 2TT. A n-Fresnel lenslet diffracts light mainly in two diffraction orders (order 0 and +1), for example associated to dioptric powers P(X0) = 0 8 and a positive one P(X0) = 3 8, with X0 = 550 nm.

[00109] The diffraction efficiency of the two main orders of diffraction 0 and +1 of each n- Fresnel optical elements may vary according to their radial distance from a geometrical center and/or optical center of the holder on which they are superimposed. For example, the diffraction efficiency of the two main orders of diffraction 0 and +1 of each it -Fresnel optical element may increase, decrease, or increase and further decrease according to the radial distance.

[00110] The second optical function slowing down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer may be a diffusive optical function. In other words, the myopia control device may be designed to spread out incident light rays in multiple directions, thereby creating a blur or volume of non-focused light. For example, at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all of the optical elements are diffusive optical elements.

[00111] The diffusive optical function may be a scattering optical function dispersing incident light. For example, at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all of the optical elements may be scattering optical elements. Typically, scattering optical elements are designed to scatter or diffuse light passing through them, thereby controlling the direction and intensity of light. [00112] The second optical function slowing down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer may be a holographic optical function. The holographic optical function may be a transmissive holographic optical function or a reflective holographic optical function. For example at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all, of the optical elements may be holographic optimal elements.

[00113] The second optical function slowing down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer may be a chromatic optical function. For example, at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all, of the optical elements may be chromatic optical elements.

[00114] The second optical function slowing down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer may be an activable optical function. For example, at least part, for example more than 50%, preferably all, of the optical elements may be activable optical elements.

[00115] The disclosure further relates to a method for slowing down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye of a wearer.

[00116] The method for slowing down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye of the wearer comprises a step of providing a myopia control device according to the disclosure as a first prescription device.

[00117] Unless specifically stated otherwise, as apparent from the following discussions, it is appreciated that throughout the specification discussions utilizing terms such as "computing", "calculating", "generating", or the like, refer to the action and/or processes of a computer or computing system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulate and/or transform data represented as physical, such as electronic, quantities within the computing system's registers and/or memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computing system's memories, registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.

[00118] Embodiments of the present invention may include apparatuses for performing the operations herein. This apparatus may be specially constructed for the desired purposes, or it may comprise a general purpose computer or Digital Signal Processor ("DSP") selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as, but is not limited to, any type of disk including floppy disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, magnetic-optical disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs) electrically programmable read-only memories (EPROMs), electrically erasable and programmable read only memories (EEPROMs), magnetic or optical cards, or any other type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions, and capable of being coupled to a computer system bus.

[00119] The processes and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer or other apparatus. Various general purpose systems may be used with programs in accordance with the teachings herein, or it may prove convenient to construct a more specialized apparatus to perform the desired method. The desired structure for a variety of these systems will appear from the description below. In addition, embodiments of the present invention are not described with reference to any particular programming language. It will be appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the inventions as described herein.

[00120] Many further modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon making reference to the foregoing illustrative embodiments, which are given by way of example only and which are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, that being determined solely by the appended claims.

[00121] In the claims, the word “comprising” does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article “a” or “an” does not exclude a plurality. The mere fact that different features are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these features cannot be advantageously used. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure.

Claims

1. A myopia control device comprising a first optical function correcting an abnormal refraction of an eye of a wearer and a second optical function slowing down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye of a wearer, characterized in that the myopia control device is used as a first prescription device to slow down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye.

2. The myopia control device according to claim 1 comprising a holder carrying the first optical function and a plurality of optical elements carrying the second optical function.

3. The myopia control device according to claim 2, wherein the optical elements are superimposed on the holder.

4. The myopia control device according to any of claims 2 or 3, wherein the plurality of optical elements are lenslets.

5. The myopia control device according to any of claims 2 to 4, wherein the optical elements are organized along a plurality of concentric rings.

6. The myopia control device according to any of claims 2 to 5, further comprising a central area having a diameter greater than or equal to 4 mm and smaller than or equal to 22 mm and including a framing reference point that faces the pupil of the wearer gazing straight ahead in standard wearing conditions, said central area being free of optical elements.

7. The myopia control device according to any of claims 2 to 5, wherein the plurality of optical elements cover the entire surface of the myopia control device.

8. The myopia control device according to any of claims 2 to 7, wherein the optical elements are non-contiguous.

9. The myopia control device according to any of claims 2 to 7, wherein the optical elements are contiguous.

10. The myopia control device according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the second optical function slowing down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer is a refractive optical function.

11. The myopia control device of claim 10, wherein the second refractive optical function is a spherical optical function focusing light in front and/or behind the retina of the eye of the wearer when the myopia control device is worn in standard wearing conditions.

12. The myopia control device of claim 10, wherein the second refractive optical function is a non-spherical optical function not having a single focus point.

13. The myopia control device according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the second optical function slowing down the development of the abnormal refraction of the eye of the wearer is a diffractive optical function.

14. The myopia control device of any of claims 1 to 13, wherein the myopia control device is an optical lens, an ophthalmic lens, a spectacle lens, a contact lens, an intraocular lens, or a film, patch or clip-on adapted to be positioned on an ophthalmic lens.

15. Method for slowing down the development of an abnormal refraction of an eye of a wearer, the method comprising: providing a myopia control device according to any of claims 1 to 14 as a first prescription device.