WO2025175695A1 - Sound production unit, sound production device, and application apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a sound production unit, a sound production device, and an application apparatus. The sound production unit comprises a vibration system, a magnetic circuit system and a composite shell. The vibration system comprises a diaphragm and a voice coil connected to the diaphragm; the magnetic circuit system is located on one side of the vibration system; a magnetic gap is formed in the magnetic circuit system, the voice coil is suspended in the magnetic gap, and the diaphragm, the voice coil and the magnetic circuit system define a mounting cavity; the composite shell is accommodated in the mounting cavity; a sound absorption cavity and a Helmholtz resonant cavity are formed in the composite shell; a through hole is formed in the side of the Helmholtz resonant cavity facing the diaphragm; the sound absorption cavity is filled with sound absorption particles; a sound absorption hole is formed in the side of the sound absorption cavity facing the diaphragm; and an isolation mesh for isolating the sound absorption particles is arranged at the sound absorption hole. In the present invention, by means of the combined action of the sound absorption cavity and the Helmholtz resonant cavity, high-frequency resonance is improved, the resonance frequency is reduced and the low-frequency resonance peak value of a frequency response curve is reduced, so that the acoustic performance is improved, and a miniaturization design is facilitated; and there is no need to inject a magnetic liquid, thereby ensuring that the acoustic performance of the sound production device is not affected.

Description

Sounding unit, sounding device and application device Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of electroacoustic technology, and in particular to a sound-generating unit, a sound-generating device and an application device.

Background Art

Sound-generating components, such as tweeters, typically have high resonant frequencies due to their nature. Excessively high peak values (Q values) degrade sound quality. Speakers have a fundamental resonance. Insufficient damping of this fundamental resonance can cause excessively high peaks in the speaker's frequency response. The speaker's overall damping can adjust the height of this resonance peak. In tweeters, however, damping is often insufficient. This is because the electromagnetic damping that drives the speaker is too weak to provide sufficient damping to smooth the frequency response.

To produce optimal sound quality, the speaker's response to specific frequencies must be manipulated. This is typically done by adding an additional resonant cavity in front of the speaker diaphragm or a rear cavity at the bottom or side of the U-iron. This approach often increases the speaker's size and volume, hindering miniaturization. Alternatively, injecting magnetic fluid into the magnetic gap can increase damping and thus reduce the resonance peak. However, this approach, because the magnetic fluid's properties are affected by temperature, the damping effect of the magnetic fluid varies with temperature fluctuations, causing the speaker's frequency response to vary with temperature fluctuations, affecting the speaker's acoustic performance.

Summary of the Invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a sound-generating unit, a sound-generating device and an application device, aiming to solve the technical problem that the existing method of increasing the damping of the sound-generating device is not conducive to miniaturization design and affects the acoustic performance.

To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a sound-emitting unit, comprising:

a vibration system comprising a diaphragm and a voice coil connected to the diaphragm;

a magnetic circuit system, the magnetic circuit system being located on one side of the vibration system, the magnetic circuit system forming a magnetic gap, the voice coil being suspended in the magnetic gap, and the diaphragm, the voice coil, and the magnetic circuit system together forming a mounting cavity;

A composite shell is accommodated in the mounting cavity, a sound absorption cavity and a Helmholtz resonance cavity are formed in the composite shell, a through hole is formed on the side of the Helmholtz resonance cavity facing the diaphragm, the sound absorption cavity is filled with sound-absorbing particles, a sound absorption hole is formed on the side of the sound absorption cavity facing the diaphragm, and an isolation net for isolating the sound-absorbing particles is provided at the sound absorption hole.

Optionally, the composite shell comprises:

A cover body, wherein the cover body is provided with installation holes and the sound-absorbing holes that are distributed at intervals;

A housing, one side of which is connected to the magnetic circuit system, and the cover is connected to a side of the housing facing the diaphragm;

A tube body, wherein the tube body is located outside the shell, the first end of the tube body forms the through hole, and the first end of the tube body is installed at the installation hole of the cover body, the second end of the tube body is installed in the shell and communicates with the inner cavity of the shell, the inner cavity and the tube cavity of the tube body form the Helmholtz resonance cavity, and the cover body, the tube body and the shell together form the sound absorption cavity.

Optionally, the shell includes a bottom wall and a side wall, the bottom wall is an annular bottom wall, the bottom wall is connected to the magnetic circuit system, the cover body is connected to the outer periphery of the bottom wall, the side wall is connected to the inner periphery of the bottom wall, and the side wall is in contact with the magnetic circuit system and encloses the magnetic circuit system to form the inner cavity, the side wall is provided with a through hole, and the second end of the tube body is installed at the through hole in the side wall.

Optionally, the inner cavity is arranged to gradually expand from the through hole toward the bottom wall.

Optionally, the side wall is an arched side wall that arches toward the cover body.

Optionally, the bottom wall includes a connecting portion and a bending portion, both of which are annular, the connecting portion is connected to the magnetic circuit system, the side wall is connected to the inner circumference of the connecting portion, the bending portion is bent from the outer circumference of the connecting portion toward the cover body, and the cover body is connected to the bending portion.

Optionally, the cover body extends from the hole wall of the mounting hole toward the shell to form a first sleeve, the first sleeve is sleeved outside the tube body, and the outer edge of the cover body extends toward the shell to form a second sleeve, the second sleeve is sleeved outside the bending portion.

Optionally, the diaphragm forms a spherical top at a position corresponding to the cover body, the cover body is an arched structure arched toward the spherical top, and the arching curvature of the cover body is consistent or substantially consistent with the curvature of the spherical top, and there is a gap between the cover body and the spherical top.

Optionally, the distance between the side wall and the dome is 0.5 mm to 10 mm.

Optionally, there are multiple sound-absorbing holes, which are spaced apart around the mounting hole, and the isolation net shields the multiple sound-absorbing holes.

Optionally, the isolation net is applied to the inner surface of the cover body facing the sound absorbing cavity.

Optionally, the ratio of the area of the sound absorbing hole to the area of the cover body is 0.1 to 0.5.

Optionally, the ratio of the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz resonance cavity to the resonant frequency of the sound-emitting unit is 0.8 to 1.2.

Optionally, the volume ratio of the sound absorption cavity to the Helmholtz resonance cavity is 1-2.

Optionally, the composite shell has a centrosymmetric structure.

Optionally, the magnetic circuit system includes a first magnet, a second magnet and a magnetic conductive plate, the magnetic conductive plate and the second magnet are stacked in sequence in a direction away from the diaphragm, the first magnet cover is arranged outside the magnetic conductive plate and the second magnet, and the magnetic gap is formed between the first magnet and the magnetic conductive plate and the second magnet; the diaphragm, the voice coil and the magnetic conductive plate together form the installation cavity, and the composite shell is connected to the magnetic conductive plate.

Optionally, the sound-generating device further includes a basin and a bracket, the bracket is annular, the magnetic circuit system is installed in the bracket, the basin cover is arranged outside the vibration system and the bracket, the basin has an opening corresponding to the position of the diaphragm, and the diaphragm is connected to the basin and/or the bracket.

The present invention further provides a sound-generating device, which includes a protective shell and the sound-generating unit described above housed in the protective shell.

The present invention further provides an application device, a housing of the application device and the above-mentioned sound-generating device accommodated in the housing.

In the technical solution of the present invention, the diaphragm, voice coil, and magnetic circuit system of the sound-producing unit together form an installation cavity, and the composite shell can be accommodated within the installation cavity. A sound-absorbing cavity is formed within the composite shell, which is filled with sound-absorbing particles. A sound-absorbing hole is formed on the side of the sound-absorbing cavity facing the diaphragm. When sound waves enter the sound-absorbing cavity through the sound-absorbing hole, the sound-absorbing particles in the cavity absorb energy, reducing the emission of sound waves within the cavity, improving high-frequency resonance, lowering the resonant frequency, and extending the low-frequency response, thereby improving acoustic performance, especially low-frequency performance. A Helmholtz resonance cavity is also formed within the composite shell, with a through hole formed on the side of the Helmholtz resonance cavity facing the diaphragm. In this way, by utilizing the Helmholtz resonance principle to absorb energy, the low-frequency peak of the sound-producing device is attenuated by matching the appropriate resonant frequency, reducing the low-frequency resonance peak of the frequency response curve, optimizing the frequency response characteristics, and thus optimizing sound quality and improving the acoustic performance of the sound-producing unit.

Compared with the prior art method of reducing the frequency peak by adding an additional resonance cavity in front of the speaker diaphragm or adding an additional back cavity at the bottom or side of the U iron, the sound unit of the present invention can utilize its own structure, that is, the installation cavity formed by the diaphragm, voice coil and magnetic circuit system to realize the installation and accommodation of the composite shell, and a sound-absorbing cavity and a Helmholtz resonance cavity are formed in the composite shell. Through the joint action of the sound-absorbing cavity and the Helmholtz resonance cavity, the energy absorption characteristics of the sound-absorbing particles are utilized to improve the high-frequency resonance, reduce the resonance frequency and extend the low-frequency response, and utilize the Helmholtz resonance principle to absorb energy and reduce the low-frequency resonance peak of the frequency response curve to optimize the frequency response characteristics. There is no need to add an additional resonance cavity in front of the diaphragm, nor is there a need to add an additional back cavity at the bottom or side of the U iron of the magnetic circuit system. Furthermore, there is no need to increase the size and volume of the sound unit, which is conducive to miniaturization design.

Compared with the existing method of injecting magnetic fluid into the magnetic gap to increase damping and thus reduce the resonance peak, the sound unit of the present invention does not need to be injected with magnetic fluid and is not affected by temperature fluctuations, thereby ensuring that the acoustic performance of the sound device is not affected.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a sound-emitting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a sound-emitting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sound-emitting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite shell in a sound-emitting unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of Figure Numbers:

The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or The number of technical features indicated is implicitly specified. Thus, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. Furthermore, the technical solutions of various embodiments may be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that they can be implemented by a person of ordinary skill in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or unrealizable, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

The present invention provides a sound unit 100 .

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in one embodiment, the sound unit 100 includes a vibration system 10, a magnetic circuit system 20 and a composite shell 40, wherein the vibration system 10 includes a diaphragm 11 and a voice coil 12 connected to the diaphragm 11; the magnetic circuit system 20 is located on one side of the vibration system 10, and the magnetic circuit system 20 forms a magnetic gap 24. The voice coil 12 is suspended in the magnetic gap 24, and the diaphragm 11, the voice coil 12 and the magnetic circuit system 20 together form an installation cavity 30; the composite shell 40 is accommodated in the installation cavity 30, and a sound absorption cavity 41 and a Helmholtz resonance cavity 42 are formed in the composite shell 40. The Helmholtz resonance cavity 42 has a through hole 43 formed on the side facing the diaphragm 11, and the sound absorption cavity 41 is filled with sound-absorbing particles 45. The sound absorption cavity 41 has a sound absorption hole 44 formed on the side facing the diaphragm 11, and an isolation net 46 for isolating the sound-absorbing particles 45 is provided at the sound absorption hole 44.

It should be noted that the sound-emitting unit 100 of the present invention is used in a sound-emitting device. The sound-emitting device can be a speaker or other functional device capable of producing sound. The sound-emitting unit 100 is a speaker unit used in a speaker, or a sound-emitting unit 100 used in other functional devices capable of producing sound. The sound-emitting unit 100 of the present invention is described using a speaker unit used in a speaker as an example. The speaker can be used in application devices such as smart terminals or vehicles.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 to 4 , the magnetic circuit system 20 of the sound unit 100 is located below the vibration system 10. The magnetic circuit system 20 forms a magnetic gap 24. The voice coil 12 of the vibration system 10 is suspended within the magnetic gap 24. When an electrical signal is applied, it cuts through the magnetic flux lines, causing it to vibrate up and down, thereby driving the diaphragm 11 to vibrate up and down and produce sound. Furthermore, in the sound unit 100 of this embodiment, the diaphragm 11, voice coil 12, and magnetic circuit system 20 together form a mounting cavity 30, within which the composite shell 40 can be housed.

A sound-absorbing cavity 41 is formed within the composite shell 40 and filled with sound-absorbing particles 45. Sound-absorbing holes 44 are formed on the upper side of the cavity 41, facing the diaphragm 11. When sound waves enter the cavity 41 through the holes 44, the particles 45 within the cavity 41 absorb energy, reducing reflections within the cavity 41. This improves high-frequency resonance, lowers the resonant frequency, and extends low-frequency response, thereby enhancing acoustic performance, particularly low-frequency performance. An isolation mesh 46 located at the holes 44 isolates the particles 45, preventing them from escaping and ensuring their proper energy absorption.

A Helmholtz resonance cavity 42 is also formed in the composite shell 40. A through hole 43 is formed on the side of the Helmholtz resonance cavity 42 facing the diaphragm 11, that is, the upper side. In this way, the Helmholtz resonance principle is utilized to absorb energy. By matching the appropriate resonant frequency, the purpose of attenuating the low-frequency peak of the sound-emitting device is achieved, thereby reducing the low-frequency resonance peak of the frequency response curve, optimizing the frequency response characteristics, and then optimizing the sound quality, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the sound-emitting unit 100.

Compared with the prior art method of reducing the frequency peak by adding an additional resonance cavity in front of the speaker diaphragm 11 or adding an additional back cavity at the bottom or side of the U iron, the sound unit 100 of the present invention can utilize its own structure, that is, the installation cavity 30 formed by the diaphragm 11, the voice coil 12 and the magnetic circuit system 20 to realize the installation and accommodation of the composite shell 40, and a sound absorption cavity 41 and a Helmholtz resonance cavity 42 are formed in the composite shell 40. Through the joint action of the sound absorption cavity 41 and the Helmholtz resonance cavity 42, the energy absorption characteristics of the sound-absorbing particles 45 are utilized to improve the high-frequency resonance, reduce the resonance frequency and extend the low-frequency response, and utilize the Helmholtz resonance principle to absorb energy and reduce the low-frequency resonance peak of the frequency response curve to optimize the frequency response characteristics. There is no need to add an additional resonance cavity in front of the diaphragm 11, nor is there a need to add an additional back cavity at the bottom or side of the U iron of the magnetic circuit system 20. Furthermore, there is no need to increase the size and volume of the sound unit 100, which is conducive to miniaturization design.

Compared with the prior art method of injecting magnetic fluid into the magnetic gap to increase damping and thereby reduce the resonance peak, the sound-generating unit 100 of the present invention does not need to be injected with magnetic fluid and is not affected by temperature fluctuations, thereby ensuring that the acoustic performance of the sound-generating device is not affected.

In one embodiment, the composite shell 40 includes a cover 47, a shell 48 and a tube 49, wherein the cover 47 is provided with spaced mounting holes 471 and sound-absorbing holes 44; one side of the shell 48 is connected to the magnetic circuit system 20, and the cover 47 is connected to the side of the shell 48 facing the diaphragm 11; the tube 49 is located outside the shell 48, the first end of the tube 49 forms a through hole 43, and the first end of the tube 49 is installed at the mounting hole 471 of the cover 47, the second end of the tube 49 is installed on the shell 48 and communicates with the inner cavity 484 of the shell 48, the inner cavity 484 and the tube cavity 491 of the tube 49 form a Helmholtz resonance cavity 42, and the cover 47, the tube 49 and the shell 48 together form a sound-absorbing cavity 41.

Specifically, the cover 47 is located above the shell 48. The cover 47 is provided with sound-absorbing holes 44 to facilitate sound absorption. The cover 47 is also provided with mounting holes 471 spaced apart from the sound-absorbing holes 44 to facilitate the installation of the tube 49. Specifically, the tube 49 is located outside the shell 48. The first end of the tube 49, that is, the upper end of the tube 49 forms a through hole 43, and the upper end of the tube 49 is installed at the mounting hole 471 of the cover 47. Specifically, the upper end of the tube 49 extends into the mounting hole 471 and is connected to the hole wall of the mounting hole 471 to realize the assembly of the tube 49 and the cover 47. The outer diameter of the tube 49 matches the shape of the hole wall of the mounting hole 471 and is consistent in size. The outer wall of the upper end of the tube 49 is aligned with the through hole 43. The second end of the tube 49, i.e., the lower end, is mounted on the housing 48 and communicates with the inner cavity 484 of the housing 48, thereby assembling the tube 49 and the housing 48. The inner cavity 484 of the housing 48 and the lumen 491 of the tube 49 form a Helmholtz resonance cavity 42. Thus, the arrangement of the housing 48 and the tube 49 forms a Helmholtz resonance system, absorbing energy using the Helmholtz resonance principle. The cover 47, the tube 49, and the housing 48 together form a sound-absorbing cavity 41, which utilizes the energy-absorbing properties of the sound-absorbing particles 45 therein.

In this embodiment, the composite shell 40 forms a sound absorbing cavity 41 and a Helmholtz resonance cavity 42 by utilizing the cooperation between the cover 47 , the shell 48 and the tube 49 . The structural design is ingenious and reasonable, and the structural compactness of the composite shell 40 is improved.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the shell 48 includes a bottom wall 481 and a side wall 482. The bottom wall 481 is an annular bottom wall 481, and the bottom wall 481 is connected to the magnetic circuit system 20. The cover body 47 is connected to the outer periphery of the bottom wall 481, and the side wall 482 is connected to the inner periphery of the bottom wall 481. The side wall 482 is in contact with the magnetic circuit system 20 and encloses the magnetic circuit system 20 to form an inner cavity 484. The side wall 482 is provided with a through hole 483, and the second end of the tube body 49 is installed at the through hole 483 of the side wall 482.

The bottom wall 481 forms the bottom of the shell 48, and the bottom wall 481 is an annular bottom wall 481, so that it has an outer periphery and an inner periphery, wherein the cover body 47 is connected to the outer periphery of the bottom wall 481 in a surrounding manner to realize the assembly of the shell 48 and the cover body 47, and the side wall 482 is connected to the inner periphery of the bottom wall 481 in a surrounding manner, and the side wall 482 is in contact with the magnetic circuit system 20, so that the side wall 482 and the magnetic circuit system 20 together form the inner cavity 484 of the shell 48, and the side wall 482 is provided with a through hole 483, and the second end of the tube body 49, that is, the lower end is installed at the through hole 483 of the side wall 482 to realize the assembly of the tube body 49 and the shell 48.

In one embodiment, the inner cavity 484 is configured to gradually expand from the through hole 43 toward the bottom wall 481, that is, the inner cavity 484 gradually expands from top to bottom, thereby increasing the volume of the Helmholtz resonance cavity 42 from top to bottom, improving the energy absorption effect, and helping to reduce the low-frequency resonance peak of the frequency response curve.

In one embodiment, the side wall 482 is an arched side wall 482 that arches toward the cover body 47, that is, the side wall 482 is an arched side wall 482 that arches upward, so that the side wall 482 and the magnetic circuit system 20 form an inner cavity 484 that gradually expands from top to bottom. The structural design is ingenious and simple.

In order to facilitate the assembly between the shell 48, the cover 47 and the magnetic circuit system 20, the bottom wall 481 includes a connecting portion 4811 and a bending portion 4812, wherein the connecting portion 4811 and the bending portion 4812 are both annular, the connecting portion 4811 is connected to the magnetic circuit system 20, the side wall 482 is connected to the inner periphery of the connecting portion 4811, and the bending portion 4812 is bent from the outer periphery of the connecting portion 4811 toward the cover 47, that is, the bending portion 4812 is formed by bending upward from the outer periphery of the connecting portion 4811, and the cover 47 is connected to the bending portion 4812. The cover 47 is specifically connected to the bending portion 4812. Upper connection.

In one embodiment, the cover body 47 extends from the hole wall of the mounting hole 471 toward the shell 48 to form a first sleeve 472, and the first sleeve 472 is sleeved outside the tube body 49. The outer edge of the cover body 47 extends toward the shell 48 to form a second sleeve 473, and the second sleeve 473 is sleeved outside the bending portion 4812.

Specifically, the cover body 47 extends downward from the hole wall of the mounting hole 471 to form a first sleeve 472, so that the first sleeve 472 is sleeved outside the tube body 49, thereby improving the assembly accuracy and stability of the cover body 47 and the tube body 49; and the outer shell of the cover body 47 extends upward to form a second sleeve 473, and the second sleeve 473 is sleeved outside the bending portion 4812, thereby improving the assembly accuracy and stability of the cover body 47 and the shell 48.

In one embodiment, the diaphragm 11 forms a dome 111 at the position corresponding to the cover 47. The cover 47 has an arched structure that arches toward the dome 111, and the arch curvature of the cover 47 is consistent or substantially consistent with the curvature of the dome 111. There is a gap 50 between the cover 47 and the dome 111.

The diaphragm 11 is a spherical top 111-shaped diaphragm 11. The position of the diaphragm 11 corresponding to the top of the cover 47 forms the spherical top 111, and the cover 47 is arched toward the spherical top 111, that is, an arched structure that arches upward. The curvature of the cover 47 is consistent or substantially consistent with the curvature of the spherical top 111, so that the arched shape of the cover 47 matches the shape of the spherical top 111. The cover 47 can support the diaphragm 11 when the diaphragm 11 is under pressure, preventing the diaphragm 11 from sinking and deforming when under pressure. It can be understood that the curvature of the cover 47 is substantially consistent with the curvature of the spherical top 111 means that the difference between the curvature of the cover 47 and the curvature of the spherical top 111 is within a controllable range. There is a gap 50 between the cover 47 and the spherical top 111. The gap 50 provides a normal vibration space for the diaphragm 11, and the structural design is reasonable.

In a preferred embodiment, the distance between the side wall 482 and the dome 111 is 0.5 mm to 10 mm, thereby providing a reasonable vibration space for the vibration of the diaphragm 11, avoiding the situation where the distance is too small to hinder the vibration of the diaphragm 11, and avoiding the situation where the distance is too large to provide no support for the diaphragm 11 when the diaphragm 11 is compressed and depressed.

In one embodiment, the housing 48 and tube 49 are integrally molded, eliminating assembly steps and gaps, reducing assembly errors, and facilitating fabrication. The composite shell 40 can be made of polymer plastic, metal, hard rubber, or hard paper, making it easy to source and manufacture. The sound-absorbing particles 45 can be conventional bass powder. The isolation mesh 46 can be either metal or fabric.

In one embodiment, there are multiple sound-absorbing holes 44, spaced apart around mounting hole 471 to facilitate simultaneous sound absorption from multiple directions, thereby enhancing the sound absorption effect. An isolation net 46 shields the multiple sound-absorbing holes 44. Specifically, isolation net 46 can be a single, integrated net that simultaneously shields the multiple sound-absorbing holes 44, preventing the sound-absorbing particles 45 from leaking out of each sound-absorbing hole 44 and ensuring that the sound-absorbing particles 45 can properly perform their energy-absorbing properties. In other embodiments, isolation net 46 can also be a separate net that isolates each of the multiple sound-absorbing holes 44.

Furthermore, the isolation net 46 is attached to the inner surface of the cover 47 facing the sound absorbing cavity 41 , which maximizes the volume of the sound absorbing cavity 41 while shielding the multiple sound absorbing holes 44 , and the structural design is reasonable and ingenious.

In one embodiment, the ratio of the area of the sound-absorbing hole 44 to the area of the cover 47 is 0.1 to 0.5. It is understood that when there is only one sound-absorbing hole 44, the ratio of the area of the sound-absorbing hole 44 to the area of the cover 47 is 0.1 to 0.5, so that the area of the sound-absorbing hole 44 on the cover 47 accounts for 10% to 50% of the area of the cover 47, which is neither too large nor too small, ensuring the optimal sound absorption effect. When there are multiple sound-absorbing holes 44, the ratio of the sum of the areas of the multiple sound-absorbing holes 44 to the area of the cover 47 is 0.1 to 0.5, so that the sum of the areas of the multiple sound-absorbing holes 44 on the cover 47 accounts for 10% to 50% of the area of the cover 47, which is neither too large nor too small, ensuring the optimal sound absorption effect.

In a preferred embodiment, the number of sound-absorbing holes 44 ranges from 1 to 20, enabling better coupling between sound waves and the sound-absorbing particles 45, thereby providing a damping effect and reducing low-frequency peaks. The shape of the sound-absorbing holes 44 can be customized based on practical needs, and may include circular, square, or rectangular holes. The shape of the mounting hole 471 can also be customized based on practical needs, and may include circular, square, or rectangular holes. The shape of the tube 49 can be adapted to match the shape of the mounting hole 471.

As can be understood, the sound-absorbing particles 45 within the sound-absorbing cavity 41 of the sound-emitting unit 100 of the present invention absorb sound primarily through friction, multiple reflections, and resonance. When sound waves propagate onto the surface of the sound-absorbing particles 45, the fibers, fillers, and microporous structure within them create friction with the sound waves. When the speaker diaphragm 11 vibrates at high frequencies, the fine three-dimensional pore structure absorbs and desorbs the high frequencies of the sound waves, thereby reducing the resistance of the diaphragm 11 and creating an acoustic effect similar to increasing the physical back cavity. This lowers the resonant frequency and improves acoustic performance, particularly at low frequencies.

The composite shell 40 in the sound-emitting monomer 100 of the present invention can form a Helmholtz resonator. The Helmholtz resonator is a resonant sound-absorbing structure. The interior of the structure is a resonance chamber and a spring system. The resonance chamber has a neck (through hole 43) connected to the outside. Sound waves enter the resonance chamber from the neck, causing the air in the neck to move back and forth, compressing the air in the chamber to form an air spring. When the frequency of the incident sound wave is consistent with the natural frequency of the Helmholtz resonator, the resonance amplitude is the largest and the energy consumed is the most. Therefore, the Helmholtz resonator is a highly efficient sound energy conversion device. The Helmholtz resonator is mostly used in indoor sound absorption, musical instrument resonance boxes, loudspeakers and other fields due to its powerful sound absorption ability.

The relationship between the resonant frequency of a Helmholtz resonator and its dimensions is as follows:

Where _f0 is the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz resonator, с is the speed of sound, and S is the cross-section of the tube 49. d is the diameter of the tube 49, l is the length of the tube 49, and V is the volume of the inner cavity 484 of the shell 48.

In one embodiment, the ratio of the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz resonance cavity 42 to the resonant frequency of the sound-emitting unit 100 is 0.8 to 1.2, so as to match the appropriate resonant frequency to achieve the purpose of attenuating the low-frequency peak of the sound-emitting device and reduce the low-frequency resonant peak of the frequency response curve.

In one embodiment, the volume ratio of the sound absorbing cavity 41 to the Helmholtz resonance cavity 42 is 1 to 2. Preferably, the volume ratio of the sound absorbing cavity 41 to the Helmholtz resonance cavity 42 is 5.5:4.5. The sound absorbing cavity 41 acts mainly and the Helmholtz resonance cavity 42 acts as an auxiliary to achieve the energy absorption characteristics of the sound absorbing particles 45, improve high-frequency resonance, reduce the resonance frequency, and extend the low-frequency response. The Helmholtz resonance principle is used to absorb energy and reduce the low-frequency resonance peak of the frequency response curve to optimize the frequency response characteristics.

In one embodiment, the composite shell 40 has a centrosymmetrical structure. The cover 47, shell 48, and tube 49 are all centrosymmetrical. The mounting hole 471 is located at the symmetrical center of the cover 47, and the tube 49 is located at the symmetrical centers of both the shell 48 and the cover 47. This ensures symmetrical and uniform airflow into the sound absorbing cavity 41 and the Helmholtz resonance cavity 42, avoiding distortion.

It should be noted that the sound unit 100 of the present invention may include one or more composite shells 40. If there is only one composite shell 40, it can be positioned in the middle of the mounting cavity 30. If there are multiple composite shells 40, they can be evenly distributed around the middle of the mounting cavity 30. Alternatively, one composite shell 40 can be positioned in the middle of the mounting cavity 30, while the remaining composite shells 40 can be evenly distributed around the middle of the mounting cavity 30. In each composite shell 40, there can be one or more tubes 49, and the corresponding number of mounting holes 471 can be one or more. If there is only one tube 49 and mounting hole 471, the tube 49 and mounting hole 471 are positioned in the middle of the composite shell 40. If there are multiple tubes 49, they can be evenly distributed around the middle of the mounting cavity 30. Alternatively, one tube 49 can be positioned in the middle of the composite shell 40, while the remaining tubes 49 can be evenly distributed around the middle of the composite shell 40. The number of mounting holes 471 is consistent with the number of tubes 49 and corresponds one to one.

In one embodiment, the magnetic circuit system 20 includes a first magnet 21, a second magnet 22, and a magnetic conductive plate 23. The magnetic conductive plate 23 and the second magnet 22 are stacked in sequence in a direction away from the diaphragm 11. The first magnet 21 is covered by the magnetic conductive plate 23 and the second magnet 22, and a magnetic gap 24 is formed between the first magnet 21 and the magnetic conductive plate 23 and the second magnet 22. The diaphragm 11, the voice coil 12, and the magnetic conductive plate 23 together form a mounting cavity 30, and the composite shell 40 is connected to the magnetic conductive plate 23.

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the magnetic plate 23 and the second magnet 22 are stacked from top to bottom. The first magnet 21 is a U-iron with its open end facing the diaphragm 11, that is, the open end is facing upwards. Outside of magnet 22, a magnetic gap 24 is formed between first magnet 21, magnetic plate 23, and second magnet 22, providing suspension for voice coil 12. The magnetic plate 23 corrects magnetic field lines. The diaphragm 11, voice coil 12, and magnetic plate 23 together form a mounting cavity 30 for composite housing 40. Installation is achieved by connecting composite housing 40 to magnetic plate 23, resulting in a rational and ingenious structural design. The bottom of composite housing 40 can be glued to magnetic plate 23 for a sealed connection.

In one embodiment, the sound-generating device further includes a basin 60 and a bracket 70. The bracket 70 is annular. The magnetic circuit system 20 is installed in the bracket 70. The basin 60 is covered outside the vibration system 10 and the bracket 70. The basin 60 has an opening 61 at the position corresponding to the diaphragm 11, and the diaphragm 11 is connected to the basin 60 and/or the bracket 70.

By setting the basin frame 60 and the bracket 70, the assembly of the vibration system 10, the magnetic circuit system 20, the resonance shell, the basin frame 60 and the bracket 70 is achieved, and then the overall assembly of the sound-emitting unit 100 is achieved. The basin frame 60 has an opening 61 at the position corresponding to the diaphragm 11. The opening 61 provides a sound outlet channel for the diaphragm 11 to vibrate and produce sound, and the design is reasonable. In one embodiment, the edge of the diaphragm 11 is connected to the basin frame 60 to achieve the installation of the diaphragm 11; in another embodiment, the edge of the diaphragm 11 is connected to the bracket 70 to achieve the installation of the diaphragm 11; in yet another embodiment, the edge of the diaphragm 11 is connected to the basin frame 60 and the bracket 70 to achieve the installation of the diaphragm 11. The diaphragm 11 can be selectively connected to the basin frame 60 and/or the bracket 70, which is flexible and convenient.

The present invention also provides a sound-producing device, comprising a protective housing and the aforementioned sound-producing unit 100 housed within the protective housing. The sound-producing device of the present invention may be a speaker or other functional device capable of producing sound. Because this sound-producing device utilizes all of the technical solutions of all of the aforementioned embodiments, it possesses at least all of the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the aforementioned embodiments, and therefore will not be further elaborated upon here.

The present invention also provides an application device comprising a housing and the aforementioned sound-generating device housed within the housing. The application device of the present invention may be a smart terminal or a vehicle, for example. The specific structure of the sound-generating device in the application device is similar to the above-described embodiments. Since the present application device utilizes all the technical solutions of all the above-described embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above-described embodiments, and therefore will not be further elaborated here.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or direct/indirect applications in other related technical fields, within the scope of the present invention are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (19)

A sound-emitting unit, characterized in that the sound-emitting unit comprises: a vibration system comprising a diaphragm and a voice coil connected to the diaphragm; a magnetic circuit system, the magnetic circuit system being located on one side of the vibration system, the magnetic circuit system forming a magnetic gap, the voice coil being suspended in the magnetic gap, and the diaphragm, the voice coil, and the magnetic circuit system together forming a mounting cavity; A composite shell is accommodated in the mounting cavity, a sound absorption cavity and a Helmholtz resonance cavity are formed in the composite shell, a through hole is formed on the side of the Helmholtz resonance cavity facing the diaphragm, the sound absorption cavity is filled with sound-absorbing particles, a sound absorption hole is formed on the side of the sound absorption cavity facing the diaphragm, and an isolation net for isolating the sound-absorbing particles is provided at the sound absorption hole. The sound-emitting monomer according to claim 1, wherein the composite shell comprises: A cover body, wherein the cover body is provided with installation holes and the sound-absorbing holes that are distributed at intervals; A housing, one side of which is connected to the magnetic circuit system, and the cover is connected to a side of the housing facing the diaphragm; A tube body, wherein the tube body is located outside the shell, the first end of the tube body forms the through hole, and the first end of the tube body is installed at the installation hole of the cover body, the second end of the tube body is installed in the shell and communicates with the inner cavity of the shell, the inner cavity and the tube cavity of the tube body form the Helmholtz resonance cavity, and the cover body, the tube body and the shell together form the sound absorption cavity. The sound-emitting unit as described in claim 2 is characterized in that the shell includes a bottom wall and a side wall, the bottom wall is an annular bottom wall, the bottom wall is connected to the magnetic circuit system, the cover body is connected to the outer periphery of the bottom wall, the side wall is connected to the inner periphery of the bottom wall, and the side wall is in contact with the magnetic circuit system and encloses the magnetic circuit system to form the inner cavity, the side wall is provided with a through hole, and the second end of the tube body is installed at the through hole of the side wall. The sound-emitting unit as described in claim 3 is characterized in that the inner cavity is gradually expanded from the through hole toward the bottom wall. The sound-emitting unit as described in claim 4 is characterized in that the side wall is an arched side wall that arches toward the cover body. The sound-emitting unit as described in claim 3 is characterized in that the bottom wall includes a connecting portion and a bending portion, the connecting portion and the bending portion are both annular, the connecting portion is connected to the magnetic circuit system, the side wall is connected to the inner circumference of the connecting portion, the bending portion is bent from the outer circumference of the connecting portion toward the cover body, and the cover body is connected to the bending portion. The sound-emitting unit as described in claim 6 is characterized in that the cover extends from the hole wall of the mounting hole toward the shell to form a first sleeve, the first sleeve is sleeved outside the tube body, and the outer edge of the cover extends toward the shell to form a second sleeve, and the second sleeve is sleeved outside the bending portion. The sound-emitting unit as described in claim 3 is characterized in that the diaphragm forms a dome at the position corresponding to the cover body, the cover body has an arched structure that arches toward the dome, and the arch curvature of the cover body is consistent or basically consistent with the curvature of the dome, and there is a gap between the cover body and the dome. The sound-emitting unit according to claim 8 is characterized in that the distance between the side wall and the dome is 0.5 mm to 10 mm. The sound-emitting unit according to any one of claims 2 to 9 is characterized in that there are multiple sound-absorbing holes, the multiple sound-absorbing holes are spaced apart around the mounting hole, and the isolation net blocks the multiple sound-absorbing holes. The sound-emitting unit according to any one of claims 2 to 9 is characterized in that the isolation net is applied to the inner surface of the cover facing the sound-absorbing cavity. The sound-emitting unit according to any one of claims 2 to 9 is characterized in that the ratio of the area of the sound-absorbing hole to the area of the cover is 0.1 to 0.5. The sound-emitting monomer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the ratio of the resonant frequency of the Helmholtz resonance cavity to the resonant frequency of the sound-emitting monomer is 0.8 to 1.2. The sound-emitting unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the volume ratio of the sound absorption cavity to the Helmholtz resonance cavity is 1 to 2. The sound-emitting monomer according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized in that the composite shell has a centrosymmetrical structure. The sound unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized in that the magnetic circuit system includes a first magnet, a second magnet and a magnetic conductive plate, the magnetic conductive plate and the second magnet are stacked in sequence in a direction away from the diaphragm, the first magnet cover is arranged outside the magnetic conductive plate and the second magnet, and the magnetic gap is formed between the first magnet, the magnetic conductive plate and the second magnet; the diaphragm, the voice coil and the magnetic conductive plate together form the installation cavity, and the composite shell is connected to the magnetic conductive plate. The sound-emitting unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized in that the sound-emitting device also includes a basin and a bracket, the bracket is annular, the magnetic circuit system is installed in the bracket, the basin cover is arranged outside the vibration system and the bracket, the basin has an opening at a position corresponding to the diaphragm, and the diaphragm is connected to the basin and/or the bracket. A sound-emitting device, characterized in that the sound-emitting device comprises a protective shell and a sound-emitting unit according to any one of claims 1 to 17 housed in the protective shell. An application device, characterized by a housing of the application device and the sound-generating device according to claim 18 housed in the housing.