WO2025037039A1 - Bearing unit with tolerance compensation, and workpiece positioner - Google Patents
Bearing unit with tolerance compensation, and workpiece positioner Download PDFInfo
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- WO2025037039A1 WO2025037039A1 PCT/EP2024/073220 EP2024073220W WO2025037039A1 WO 2025037039 A1 WO2025037039 A1 WO 2025037039A1 EP 2024073220 W EP2024073220 W EP 2024073220W WO 2025037039 A1 WO2025037039 A1 WO 2025037039A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- workpiece
- bore
- bearing pin
- bearing unit
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C23/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for aligning or positioning
- F16C23/02—Sliding-contact bearings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
- B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
- B23Q1/54—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only
- B23Q1/545—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two rotating pairs only comprising spherical surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
- F16C11/0661—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the two co-operative parts each having both convex and concave interfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
- F16C11/0685—Manufacture of ball-joints and parts thereof, e.g. assembly of ball-joints
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/10—Arrangements for locking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/10—Arrangements for locking
- F16C11/103—Arrangements for locking frictionally clamped
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/10—Arrangements for locking
- F16C11/103—Arrangements for locking frictionally clamped
- F16C11/106—Arrangements for locking frictionally clamped for ball joints
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
- F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
- F16M11/02—Heads
- F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
- F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
- F16M11/12—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction
- F16M11/14—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting in more than one direction with ball-joint
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
- F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
- F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
- F16C11/0614—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part of the joint being open on two sides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
- F16C17/022—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only with a pair of essentially semicircular bearing sleeves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2322/00—Apparatus used in shaping articles
- F16C2322/39—General buildup of machine tools, e.g. spindles, slides, actuators
Definitions
- the invention relates to a bearing unit according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a workpiece positioner with such a bearing unit.
- a generic storage unit is known from practice.
- Workpiece positioners known as rotary and reversible positioners hold a workpiece to be machined on a single column, so that this workpiece positioner has a workpiece holder, namely the point or assembly at which the workpiece is contacted and held.
- a so-called double-column rotary positioner as offered under the name "Hand-controlled workpiece positioner, type S40" by Wilhelm Severt Maschinenbau GmbH in Vreden, two columns are spaced apart, so that this workpiece positioner has two workpiece holders. Long workpieces can be held between the two workpiece holders of the two columns.
- the workpiece holders In order to keep tension in the workpiece as low as possible in the event of asynchronicity, the workpiece holders have generic storage units that enable movements around three spatial axes:
- a cylindrical bearing pin is mounted so that it can rotate freely around its longitudinal axis.
- a bore that accommodates the bearing pin is waisted, i.e. its cross-section expands towards both ends compared to the middle, where it has its smallest diameter.
- the bearing pin can also tilt horizontally and vertically in the bore, i.e. also perform slight rotational movements, so that the bearing unit ultimately enables rotational movements around all three spatial axes.
- the bores can be implemented in two bearing shells, which can be precisely adapted to the respective bearing pin and connected to one another in order to compensate for tolerances.
- the two bearing shells can be connected to one another firmly and not adjustable using two clamping screws arranged on either side of the bore, whereby this design of the bearing unit is known in practice as a "snap-fit bearing".
- Bearing units of this type have proven themselves in practice and can be manufactured economically. Due to constraints where larger angles are required, they require a large amount of play in the respective fit. Due to the principle, the center of rotation moves during the tilting movements mentioned when the bearing pin is not only rotated about its longitudinal axis, but tilts in a horizontal or vertical direction. This leads to the need for greater bearing play and a change in the lever arm, thus increasing the complexity of the mathematical determination of the position.
- the invention is based on the object of improving a generic bearing unit in such a way that it enables precise, low-play guidance of the bearing pin and simple mathematical determination of the bearing. Furthermore the invention is based on the object of specifying a workpiece positioner which, while being freely movable about all three spatial axes, enables the workpiece to be held to be supported with as little play as possible.
- the invention proposes to reverse the relationship between curvature and straightness: in comparison to the prior art, the bore does not have a curved cross-section, but rather a straight, constant cross-section, in that it has either a cylindrical or a polygonal cross-section with a constant geometry, namely a prismatic cross-section.
- the constant cross-section makes it particularly easy to produce the bore in a single workpiece, for example a housing.
- the bore can be divided into two parts in the form of two bearing shells, each of which makes up a partial circumference of the bore.
- the bearing pin does not have a straight cross-section, namely not a cylindrical cross-section, but a cross-section with a spherical area.
- This spherical area is accommodated in the bore with as little play as possible, so that a linear contact surface is created between the bearing pin and the bore if the bore is cylindrical.
- the bore has a polygonal cross-section, several point contacts result, corresponding to the number of surfaces in the cross-section of the bore.
- the spherical area of the bearing pin is designed as a section of a spherical surface, so that regardless of the movements of the bearing pin in the bore, the initially set clearance between the bearing pin and the bore is always maintained unchanged.
- the design of the bearing unit according to the invention enables a rotational movement about three spatial axes that are each perpendicular to one another: the bearing pin can rotate about its longitudinal axis in the bore, and the bearing pin can pivot about two axes that are each perpendicular to it and to one another, which are referred to as tilting movements and are limited by the bearing pin coming to one end of the bore and resting there against a respective housing part or a bearing shell.
- both the bore and the bearing pin interact to have a cross-section that deviates from circular, for example in the form of a notch on one component and a rib on the other, with the rib engaging in the notch.
- the use of a bearing unit according to the invention represents a This represents an advantageous design of the workpiece positioner because the bearing unit enables the workpiece end held there to be held with as little play as possible and in an alignable manner.
- the use of a bearing unit according to the invention can help to avoid unacceptably high bending forces or stresses in the workpiece in the event of asynchronicities between the two bearing units due to the mobility around all three spatial axes.
- such a workpiece positioner with two workpiece holders has a bearing unit according to the invention on each of the two workpiece holders, so that a particularly versatile compensation of asynchronies is possible.
- Fig. 1 a side view of a bearing pin
- Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a bearing unit, sectioned in the longitudinal direction of a bearing pin located in the bearing unit, and
- Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a bearing unit with a bearing pin located therein.
- Fig. 1 shows a bearing bolt 1 which has a flange plate 2 which forms the largest diameter of the bearing bolt 1 and can be used, for example, to attach a connecting element when the bearing bolt 1 is used as part of a workpiece holder and the workpiece - or at least one end of the workpiece - is to be held on the mentioned connecting element.
- the entire component is referred to as Bearing pin 1, even if it is not intended as a whole to be received or held in a bearing.
- the actual bolt that is supported is connected to the flange plate 2 at a certain distance and has two minimum sections 3, in each of which the bolt has its smallest diameter. Between the two minimum sections 3, the bearing bolt 1 has a spherical area 4 that is shaped as a spherical cutout surface.
- Fig. 2 shows a bearing unit 5 with two bearing shells 6 and 7, with an upper bearing shell 6 and a lower bearing shell 7 being spaced apart by means of clamping screws 8.
- the two bearing shells 6 and 7 define a cylindrical bore 9 in which the bearing bolt 1 is guided with little play.
- the bearing pin 1 With its spherical area 4, the bearing pin 1 creates a linear contact surface along which it rests against the two bearing shells 6 and 7.
- the two minimal sections 3 create an annular gap on both sides of the spherical area 4 and thus a free space around the bearing pin 1 within the bore 9, so that the bearing pin 1, starting from its orientation with a horizontal longitudinal axis shown in Fig. 2, can tilt up and down in the vertical direction and can also perform tilting movements in the horizontal direction transverse to the plane of the drawing.
- Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of a bearing unit 5, wherein the upper bearing shell 6 and the lower bearing shell 7 are connected to one another in a hinge-like manner via a joint 10.
- a hinge pin 11 extends through sections of the two bearing shells 6 and 7.
- the bore 9 in which the bearing pin 1 is accommodated is shown in Fig. 3 through the flange plate 2 provided with fastening screws 12 and the upper Bearing shell 6 is covered, but it can be seen that the joint 10 is on one side of the bore 9 and the only clamping screw 8 of this bearing unit 5 is on the other side of the bore 9, so that in this embodiment the play between the bearing shells 6, 7 and the bearing bolt 1 can be adjusted using just a single clamping screw 8.
- a handle 14 is used to handle the upper bearing shell 6 and to pivot it around the joint 10 when the clamping screw 8 is loosened.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
Abstract
Description
"Lagereinheit mit Toleranzausgleich, und Werkstückpositio- nierer" "Bearing unit with tolerance compensation and workpiece positioner"
Beschreibung: Description:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Lagereinheit nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie einen Werkstückpositionierer mit einer solchen Lagereinheit. The invention relates to a bearing unit according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a workpiece positioner with such a bearing unit.
Eine gattungsgemäße Lagereinheit ist aus der Praxis bekannt. Als Dreh- und Wende-Positionierer bezeichnete Werkstückpositionierer halten ein zu bearbeitendes Werkstück an einer einzigen Säule, so dass dieser Werkstückpositionierer eine Werkstückaufnahme aufweist, nämlich die Stelle oder Baugruppe, an welcher das Werkstück kontaktiert und gehalten wird. Bei einem sogenannten Doppelständer-Dreh-Positionierer, wie er unter der Bezeichnung „Werkstück-Positionierer handgesteuert, Typ S40“ von der Firma Wilhelm Severt Maschinenbau GmbH in Vreden angeboten wird, befinden sich zwei Säulen im Abstand zueinander, so dass dieser Werkstückpositionierer zwei Werkstückaufnahmen aufweist. Lange Werkstücke können zwischen den beiden Werkstückaufnahmen der beiden Säulen gehalten werden. Um Verspannungen des Werkstücks im Falle von Unsynchronitäten möglichst gering zu halten, weisen die Werkstückaufnahmen gattungsgemäße Lagereinheiten auf, die Bewegungen um drei Raumachsen ermöglichen: Ein zylindrischer Lagerbolzen ist um seine Längsachse frei drehbar gelagert. Eine Bohrung, die den Lagerbolzen aufnimmt, ist tailliert ausgestaltet, erweitert ihren Querschnitt also zu ihren beiden Enden hin im Vergleich zur Mitte, wo sie ihren geringsten Durchmesser aufweist. Geht man davon aus, dass sich der Lagerbolzen horizontal erstreckt, kann der Lagerbolzen in der Bohrung zusätzlich in horizontaler und vertikaler Richtung kippen, also ebenfalls geringfügige rotatorische Bewegungen ausführen, so dass im Ergebnis die Lagereinheit rotatorische Bewegungen um alle drei Raumachsen ermöglicht. Anders als bei einem Stehlager, bei dem die Bohrung in einem einzigen Bauteil angeordnet sind, können die Bohrungen in der Praxis in zwei Lagerschalen verwirklicht sein, die passgenau und im Sinne eines Toleranzausgleichs an den jeweiligen Lagerbolzen angepasst und miteinander verbunden werden können. Beispielsweise können die beiden Lagerschalen mittels zweier Spannschrauben, die beiderseits der Bohrung angeordnet sind, fest und nicht justier- oder einstellbar miteinander verbunden werden, wobei dieser Ausgestaltung der Lagereinheit in der Praxis unter der Bezeichnung „Klapplager“ bekannt ist. A generic storage unit is known from practice. Workpiece positioners known as rotary and reversible positioners hold a workpiece to be machined on a single column, so that this workpiece positioner has a workpiece holder, namely the point or assembly at which the workpiece is contacted and held. In a so-called double-column rotary positioner, as offered under the name "Hand-controlled workpiece positioner, type S40" by Wilhelm Severt Maschinenbau GmbH in Vreden, two columns are spaced apart, so that this workpiece positioner has two workpiece holders. Long workpieces can be held between the two workpiece holders of the two columns. In order to keep tension in the workpiece as low as possible in the event of asynchronicity, the workpiece holders have generic storage units that enable movements around three spatial axes: A cylindrical bearing pin is mounted so that it can rotate freely around its longitudinal axis. A bore that accommodates the bearing pin is waisted, i.e. its cross-section expands towards both ends compared to the middle, where it has its smallest diameter. Assuming that the bearing pin extends horizontally, the bearing pin can also tilt horizontally and vertically in the bore, i.e. also perform slight rotational movements, so that the bearing unit ultimately enables rotational movements around all three spatial axes. Unlike a pillow block bearing, where the bore is arranged in a single component, in practice the bores can be implemented in two bearing shells, which can be precisely adapted to the respective bearing pin and connected to one another in order to compensate for tolerances. For example, the two bearing shells can be connected to one another firmly and not adjustable using two clamping screws arranged on either side of the bore, whereby this design of the bearing unit is known in practice as a "snap-fit bearing".
Gattungsgemäße Lagereinheiten haben sich in der Praxis bewährt und sind wirtschaftlich herstellbar. Sie erfordern aufgrund von Zwängungslagen bei größeren Winkelbedarfen ein großes Spiel der jeweiligen Passung. Prinzipbedingt wandert der Drehmittelpunkt während der erwähnten Kippbewegungen, wenn der Lagerbolzen nicht nur um seine Längsachse gedreht wird, sondern in horizontaler oder vertikaler Richtung kippt. Dies führt zur Notwendigkeit von größerem Lagerspiel und zur Veränderung des Hebelarms und damit zur Erhöhung der Komplexität der mathematischen Lagebestimmung. Bearing units of this type have proven themselves in practice and can be manufactured economically. Due to constraints where larger angles are required, they require a large amount of play in the respective fit. Due to the principle, the center of rotation moves during the tilting movements mentioned when the bearing pin is not only rotated about its longitudinal axis, but tilts in a horizontal or vertical direction. This leads to the need for greater bearing play and a change in the lever arm, thus increasing the complexity of the mathematical determination of the position.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gattungsgemäße Lagereinheit dahingehend zu verbessern, dass diese eine präzise, spielarme Führung des Lagerbolzens und eine einfache mathematische Bestimmung des Lagers ermöglicht. Weiterhin liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Werkstückpositi- onierer anzugeben, der bei freier Beweglichkeit um sämtliche drei Raumachsen eine möglichst spielfreie Lagerung des zu haltenden Werkstücks ermöglicht. The invention is based on the object of improving a generic bearing unit in such a way that it enables precise, low-play guidance of the bearing pin and simple mathematical determination of the bearing. Furthermore The invention is based on the object of specifying a workpiece positioner which, while being freely movable about all three spatial axes, enables the workpiece to be held to be supported with as little play as possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Lagereinheit nach Anspruch 1 und durch einen Werkstückpositionierer nach Anspruch 5 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben. This object is achieved by a bearing unit according to claim 1 and by a workpiece positioner according to claim 5. Advantageous embodiments are described in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung schlägt mit anderen Worten vor, die Verhältnisse von Kurvigkeit und Geradlinigkeit geradezu umzukehren: im Vergleich zum gattungsbildenden Stand der Technik weist die Bohrung vorschlagsgemäß keinen kurvigen Querschnitt auf, sondern einen geradlinigen, gleich bleibenden Querschnitt, indem sie entweder einen zylindrischen oder einen polygonalen Querschnitt mit konstanter Geometrie aufweist, nämlich einen prismatischen Querschnitt. Durch den konstanten Querschnitt kann die Bohrung besonders einfach auch in einem einzigen Werkstück, beispielsweise einem Gehäuse, hergestellt werden. Alternativ dazu kann jedoch wie bei den bekannten, gattungsbildenden Lagereinheiten die Bohrung zweigeteilt ausgestaltet sein in Form von zwei Lagerschalen, die jeweils einen Teilumfang der Bohrung ausmachen. In other words, the invention proposes to reverse the relationship between curvature and straightness: in comparison to the prior art, the bore does not have a curved cross-section, but rather a straight, constant cross-section, in that it has either a cylindrical or a polygonal cross-section with a constant geometry, namely a prismatic cross-section. The constant cross-section makes it particularly easy to produce the bore in a single workpiece, for example a housing. Alternatively, however, as with the known, generic bearing units, the bore can be divided into two parts in the form of two bearing shells, each of which makes up a partial circumference of the bore.
Weiterhin weist im Vergleich zum gattungsbildenden Stand der Technik der Lagerbolzen keinen geradlinigen Querschnitt auf, nämlich keinen zylindrischen Querschnitt, sondern einen Querschnitt mit einem balligen Bereich. Dieser ballige Bereich ist in der Bohrung möglichst spielfrei aufgenommen, so dass sich eine linienförmige Berührungsfläche zwischen dem Lagerbolzen und der Bohrung ergibt, wenn die Bohrung zylindrisch ausgestaltet ist. Wenn die Bohrung jedoch einen polygonalen Querschnitt aufweist, ergeben sich mehrere punktuelle Berührungen, entsprechend der Anzahl der Flächen im Querschnitt der Bohrung. Der ballige Bereich des Lagerbolzens ist in einer Ausgestaltung als Ausschnitt einer Kugelfläche ausgestaltet, so dass unabhängig von den Bewegungen des Lagerbolzens in der Bohrung stets das zunächst eingestellte Spiel zwischen Lagerbolzen und Bohrung unverändert beibehalten wird. Furthermore, in comparison to the state of the art, the bearing pin does not have a straight cross-section, namely not a cylindrical cross-section, but a cross-section with a spherical area. This spherical area is accommodated in the bore with as little play as possible, so that a linear contact surface is created between the bearing pin and the bore if the bore is cylindrical. However, if the bore has a polygonal cross-section, several point contacts result, corresponding to the number of surfaces in the cross-section of the bore. The spherical area of the bearing pin is designed as a section of a spherical surface, so that regardless of the movements of the bearing pin in the bore, the initially set clearance between the bearing pin and the bore is always maintained unchanged.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Lagereinheit kann eine rotatorische Bewegung um drei jeweils senkrecht zueinander stehende Raumachsen ermöglicht werden: der Lagerbolzen kann um seine Längsachse in der Bohrung drehen, und um zwei jeweils senkrecht dazu sowie zueinander stehende Achsen kann der Lagerbolzen Schwenkbewegungen, die als Kippbewegungen bezeichnet werden und dadurch begrenzt sind, dass der Lagerbolzen an ein Ende der Bohrung gerät und dort einem jeweiligen Gehäuseteil bzw. einer Lagerschale anliegt. The design of the bearing unit according to the invention enables a rotational movement about three spatial axes that are each perpendicular to one another: the bearing pin can rotate about its longitudinal axis in the bore, and the bearing pin can pivot about two axes that are each perpendicular to it and to one another, which are referred to as tilting movements and are limited by the bearing pin coming to one end of the bore and resting there against a respective housing part or a bearing shell.
In einer dazu alternativen Ausgestaltung kann allerdings vorgesehen sein, die Bewegung des Lagerbolzens um eine dieser drei Raumachsen bewusst zu begrenzen. Hierzu weisen sowohl die Bohrung als auch der Lagerbolzen zusammenwirkend jeweils einen vom Kreisrund abweichenden Querschnitt auf, beispielsweise in Form einer Kerbe an dem einen und einer Rippe an dem anderen Bauteil, wobei die Rippe in die Kerbe eingreift.In an alternative embodiment, however, it can be provided to deliberately limit the movement of the bearing pin around one of these three spatial axes. To this end, both the bore and the bearing pin interact to have a cross-section that deviates from circular, for example in the form of a notch on one component and a rib on the other, with the rib engaging in the notch.
Auch wenn in einer prismatisch ausgestalteten Bohrung mit polygonalem Querschnitt ein Lagerbolzen aufgenommen ist, der keinen kreisrunden Querschnitt aufweist, sollen ebenfalls einen an die Bohrung angepassten, polygonalen Querschnitt aufweist, kann eine Beweglichkeit um eine der drei Raumachsen verhindert werden, nämlich um die Längsachse des Lagerbolzens.Even if a bearing pin which does not have a circular cross-section is accommodated in a prismatic bore with a polygonal cross-section, but also has a polygonal cross-section adapted to the bore, mobility about one of the three spatial axes can be prevented, namely about the longitudinal axis of the bearing pin.
Eine solche Ausgestaltung mit bewusst eingeschränkter Beweglichkeit kann für bestimmte Anwendungsfälle der Lagereinheit vorteilhaft sein. Such a design with deliberately restricted mobility can be advantageous for certain applications of the storage unit.
Für einen Werkstückpositionierer, insbesondere wenn er wie eingangs erläutert zwei Werkstückaufnahmen aufweist, stellt die Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Lagereinheit eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des Werkstückpositionierers dar, weil die Lagereinheit eine möglichst spielfreie und ausrichtbare Halterung des dort gehaltenen Werkstück-Endes ermöglicht. For a workpiece positioner, especially if it has two workpiece holders as explained above, the use of a bearing unit according to the invention represents a This represents an advantageous design of the workpiece positioner because the bearing unit enables the workpiece end held there to be held with as little play as possible and in an alignable manner.
Insbesondere wenn der Werkstückpositionierer wie eingangs erläutert zwei Werkstückaufnahmen aufweist, kann die Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Lagereinheit im Falle von Unsynchronitäten zwischen den beiden Lagereinheiten aufgrund der Beweglichkeit um sämtliche drei Raumachsen dazu beitragen, unzulässig hohe Biegekräfte oder Spannungen in dem Werkstück zu vermeiden. In particular, if the workpiece positioner has two workpiece holders as explained above, the use of a bearing unit according to the invention can help to avoid unacceptably high bending forces or stresses in the workpiece in the event of asynchronicities between the two bearing units due to the mobility around all three spatial axes.
In einer Ausgestaltung weist ein solcher Werkstückpositionierer mit zwei Werkstückaufnahmen an beiden Werkstückaufnahmen jeweils eine erfindungsgemäße Lagereinheit auf, so dass ein besonders vielseitiger Ausgleich von Unsynchronitäten möglich ist. In one embodiment, such a workpiece positioner with two workpiece holders has a bearing unit according to the invention on each of the two workpiece holders, so that a particularly versatile compensation of asynchronies is possible.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der rein schematischen Darstellungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below using purely schematic representations.
Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht auf einen Lagerbolzen, Fig. 1 a side view of a bearing pin,
Fig. 2 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Lagereinheit, geschnitten in Längsrichtung eines in der Lagereinheit befindlichen Lagerbolzens, und Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a bearing unit, sectioned in the longitudinal direction of a bearing pin located in the bearing unit, and
Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Ansicht auf ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Lagereinheit mit einem darin befindlichen Lagerbolzen. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a bearing unit with a bearing pin located therein.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Lagerbolzen 1 , der eine Flanschplatte 2 aufweist, die den größten Durchmesser des Lagerbolzens 1 bildet und beispielsweise zur Befestigung eines Anschlusselements dienen kann, wenn der Lagerbolzen 1 als Teil einer Werkstückaufnahme verwendet wird und das Werkstück - oder zumindest ein Ende des Werkstücks - an dem erwähnten Anschlusselement gehalten werden soll. Das gesamte Bauteil wird als Lagerbolzen 1 bezeichnet, auch wenn es nicht insgesamt dazu bestimmt ist, in einem Lager aufgenommen oder gehalten zu werden. Fig. 1 shows a bearing bolt 1 which has a flange plate 2 which forms the largest diameter of the bearing bolt 1 and can be used, for example, to attach a connecting element when the bearing bolt 1 is used as part of a workpiece holder and the workpiece - or at least one end of the workpiece - is to be held on the mentioned connecting element. The entire component is referred to as Bearing pin 1, even if it is not intended as a whole to be received or held in a bearing.
Der eigentliche Bolzen, der gelagert wird, schließt sich mit einem gewissen Abstand an die Flanschplatte 2 an und weist zwei Minimalabschnitte 3 auf, bei denen der Bolzen jeweils seinen geringsten Durchmesser aufweist. Zwischen den beiden Minimalabschnitten 3 weist der Lagerbolzen 1 einen balligen Bereich 4 auf, der als Kugelausschnittsfläche geformt ist. The actual bolt that is supported is connected to the flange plate 2 at a certain distance and has two minimum sections 3, in each of which the bolt has its smallest diameter. Between the two minimum sections 3, the bearing bolt 1 has a spherical area 4 that is shaped as a spherical cutout surface.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine Lagereinheit 5 mit zwei Lagerschalen 6 und 7, wobei eine obere Lagerschale 6 und eine untere Lagerschale 7 mithilfe von Spannschrauben 8 einen definierten Abstand zueinander einnehmen. Die beiden Lagerschalen 6 und 7 begrenzen eine zylindrische Bohrung 9, in welcher der Lagerbolzen 1 spielarm geführt ist. Fig. 2 shows a bearing unit 5 with two bearing shells 6 and 7, with an upper bearing shell 6 and a lower bearing shell 7 being spaced apart by means of clamping screws 8. The two bearing shells 6 and 7 define a cylindrical bore 9 in which the bearing bolt 1 is guided with little play.
Mit seinem balligen Bereich 4 schafft der Lagerbolzen 1 eine linienförmige Berührungsfläche, entlang welcher er den beiden Lagerschalen 6 und 7 anliegt. Die beiden Minimalabschnitte 3 schaffen beiderseits von dem balligen Bereich 4 einen Ringspalt und somit einen Freiraum um den Lagerbolzen 1 innerhalb der Bohrung 9, so dass der Lagerbolzen 1 , ausgehend von seiner in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausrichtung mit horizontaler Längsachse, sowohl in vertikaler Richtung auf und ab kippen kann als auch in horizontaler Richtung quer zur Zeichenebene Kippbewegungen ausführen kann. With its spherical area 4, the bearing pin 1 creates a linear contact surface along which it rests against the two bearing shells 6 and 7. The two minimal sections 3 create an annular gap on both sides of the spherical area 4 and thus a free space around the bearing pin 1 within the bore 9, so that the bearing pin 1, starting from its orientation with a horizontal longitudinal axis shown in Fig. 2, can tilt up and down in the vertical direction and can also perform tilting movements in the horizontal direction transverse to the plane of the drawing.
Fig. 3 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Lagereinheit 5, wobei die obere Lagerschale 6 und die untere Lagerschale 7 über ein Gelenk 10 scharnierartig miteinander verbunden sind. Hierzu erstreckt sich ein Gelenkbolzen 11 durch Abschnitte der beiden Lagerschalen 6 und 7. Die Bohrung 9, in welcher der Lagerbolzen 1 aufgenommen ist, ist in Fig. 3 durch die mit Befestigungsschrauben 12 versehene Flanschplatte 2 und die obere Lagerschale 6 verdeckt, jedoch ist erkennbar, dass das Gelenk 10 auf der einen Seite von der Bohrung 9 liegt und die einzige Spannschraube 8 dieser Lagereinheit 5 auf der anderen Seite von der Bohrung 9, so dass bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel auch mithilfe nur einer einzelnen Spannschraube 8 das Spiel zwischen den Lagerschalen 6, 7 und dem Lagerbolzen 1 einstellbar ist. Ein Handgriff 14 dient dazu, bei gelöster Spannschraube 8 die obere Lagerschale 6 handhaben und um das Gelenk 10 schwenken zu können. Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of a bearing unit 5, wherein the upper bearing shell 6 and the lower bearing shell 7 are connected to one another in a hinge-like manner via a joint 10. For this purpose, a hinge pin 11 extends through sections of the two bearing shells 6 and 7. The bore 9 in which the bearing pin 1 is accommodated is shown in Fig. 3 through the flange plate 2 provided with fastening screws 12 and the upper Bearing shell 6 is covered, but it can be seen that the joint 10 is on one side of the bore 9 and the only clamping screw 8 of this bearing unit 5 is on the other side of the bore 9, so that in this embodiment the play between the bearing shells 6, 7 and the bearing bolt 1 can be adjusted using just a single clamping screw 8. A handle 14 is used to handle the upper bearing shell 6 and to pivot it around the joint 10 when the clamping screw 8 is loosened.
Bezugszeichen: Reference symbol:
1 Lagerbolzen 1 bearing bolt
2 Flanschplatte 2 flange plate
3 Minimalabschnitt 3 minimum section
4 balliger Bereich 4 spherical area
5 Lagereinheit 5 storage units
6 Obere Lagerschale6 Upper bearing shell
7 Untere Lagerschale7 Lower bearing shell
8 Spannschraube 8 clamping screw
9 Bohrung 9 holes
10 Gelenk 10 joints
11 Gelenkbolzen 11 hinge pins
12 Befestigungsschraube12 fastening screw
14 Handgriff 14 Handle
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202023104664.9 | 2023-08-17 | ||
| DE202023104664 | 2023-08-17 | ||
| DE202023107433.2U DE202023107433U1 (en) | 2023-08-17 | 2023-12-15 | Bearing unit with tolerance compensation and workpiece positioner |
| DE202023107433.2 | 2023-12-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2025037039A1 true WO2025037039A1 (en) | 2025-02-20 |
Family
ID=92494644
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2024/073220 Pending WO2025037039A1 (en) | 2023-08-17 | 2024-08-19 | Bearing unit with tolerance compensation, and workpiece positioner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2025037039A1 (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2537146A1 (en) * | 1975-08-21 | 1977-03-03 | Bald Hubert | DEVICE FOR POSITIONING TWO COMPONENTS |
| EP0201817A2 (en) * | 1985-05-11 | 1986-11-20 | Reinhold Reiling | Universal support |
| US4708510A (en) * | 1986-04-17 | 1987-11-24 | Mcconnell Bernard E | Ball joint coupling |
| DE4333913A1 (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-04-14 | Link Johs Sonor Gmbh | Ball-jointed pivot head, esp. for percussion instruments - is based on ball sub-divided into four sectors cooperating to define central channel in which rods or arms are clamped |
| DE29521305U1 (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1996-12-05 | Richard Wolf Gmbh, 75438 Knittlingen | Holding arm system, in particular for surgical instruments, with arm segments and clamping devices for locking the arm segments |
| US5957445A (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 1999-09-28 | Hagman; Erland L. | Ergonomic workholder with positional control |
| EP3246615B1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2018-05-02 | Axis AB | A mounting assembly |
-
2024
- 2024-08-19 WO PCT/EP2024/073220 patent/WO2025037039A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2537146A1 (en) * | 1975-08-21 | 1977-03-03 | Bald Hubert | DEVICE FOR POSITIONING TWO COMPONENTS |
| EP0201817A2 (en) * | 1985-05-11 | 1986-11-20 | Reinhold Reiling | Universal support |
| US4708510A (en) * | 1986-04-17 | 1987-11-24 | Mcconnell Bernard E | Ball joint coupling |
| DE4333913A1 (en) * | 1992-10-09 | 1994-04-14 | Link Johs Sonor Gmbh | Ball-jointed pivot head, esp. for percussion instruments - is based on ball sub-divided into four sectors cooperating to define central channel in which rods or arms are clamped |
| DE29521305U1 (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1996-12-05 | Richard Wolf Gmbh, 75438 Knittlingen | Holding arm system, in particular for surgical instruments, with arm segments and clamping devices for locking the arm segments |
| US5957445A (en) * | 1998-04-08 | 1999-09-28 | Hagman; Erland L. | Ergonomic workholder with positional control |
| EP3246615B1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2018-05-02 | Axis AB | A mounting assembly |
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